EP2897227B1 - Metal braid for earthing a screen of an electric cable - Google Patents
Metal braid for earthing a screen of an electric cable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2897227B1 EP2897227B1 EP14196162.3A EP14196162A EP2897227B1 EP 2897227 B1 EP2897227 B1 EP 2897227B1 EP 14196162 A EP14196162 A EP 14196162A EP 2897227 B1 EP2897227 B1 EP 2897227B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- braid
- conductive element
- section
- screen
- cable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
- H01R4/66—Connections with the terrestrial mass, e.g. earth plate, earth pin
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
- H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
- H01R4/182—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for flat conductive elements, e.g. flat cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
- H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
- H01R4/20—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping using a crimping sleeve
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of the grounding of the screens of electric cables, in particular underground cables and during aero-underground lifts.
- the object of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages in a simple, safe, effective and rational manner.
- the problem to be solved by the invention is to be able to ground the screens of electrical cables using a flexible metal braid arranged to prevent any phenomenon of upwelling both by capillarity and from outside, after have been buried in the ground.
- the braid comprises at least one solid section conductor element mounted near the end of the braid buried in the ground at a connection portion with a junction box where the cable is connected.
- the conductive element of solid section constitutes a real barrier avoiding any ascent accidental water at the junction box and therefore the cable.
- the conductive element is fixed between two ends of the braid resulting from cutting a portion of said braid.
- the conductive element has a section equivalent to that of the braid.
- the cross section of the conductive element is weakly rounded.
- the ends of the conductive element have two legs adapted to be folded down, to grip the section of the braid and there to be fixed.
- the tabs are fixed by crimping.
- the conductive element is made of copper.
- the braid is covered with a sheath of flexible and waterproof material.
- the electrical connection braid for carrying out the earth connection is designated as a whole by (1) and is carried out by any means perfectly known to a person skilled in the art by being made from all electrically conductive wires in order to make a connection. Flexible electric power and mass.
- this metal braid of flat section and having, as indicated, a certain flexibility, is intended to be buried in the ground or by the aeronautical-underground lifts to ensure an earth connection. a screen of an electric cable not shown.
- one of the ends of the braid has a connection portion (3) with an external junction box (4) where the cable is connected.
- the braid (1) receives whatever its embodiment and its technical and dimensional characteristics, at least one conductive element (2) of solid section.
- This conductive element (2) is mounted near the braid (1) considered at the connection portion (3) with the junction box (4) where is connected the cable.
- the conductive element (2) is fixed between two ends or portions (1a) and (1b) of the braid resulting from a cut in a portion of said braid.
- the end (1a) corresponds to the part of the braid buried in the ground while the end (1b) corresponds to the braid portion connected to the junction box.
- the conductive element (2) has a section equivalent to that of the braid (1).
- the cross section of the element (2) is slightly rounded.
- the conductive element (2) may, for example, be made of copper.
- the end of said element (2) has two tabs (2a), (2b) and 2c), (2d) adapted to be folded to enclose the section of the braid and be attached thereto.
- this fixation results from a crimping of the tabs in combination or not with a welding operation.
- section of the conductive element (1) is determined to allow the passage of short-circuit current with the aim of grounding the cable screen, so that beyond the screen, there is no voltage.
- the entire metal braid, including at the conductive element (2), can be covered with a sheath made of flexible and waterproof material.
- the conductive element (2) can be treated externally, for example, by a sanding operation to prevent any risk of infiltration of water from the outside.
- the advantages are apparent from the description, in particular the possibility of making the grounding of a screen of electric cables by means of a flexible braid whose end located at its connection with a junction box. has a solid conductive element and full section to constitute a real barrier avoiding any risk of water infiltration both from the inside and outside.
- the braid according to the invention therefore combines the advantages of a braid at its flexibility and a strip at its solid section to form a sealing barrier.
Landscapes
- Cable Accessories (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne le domaine technique de la mise à la terre des écrans de câbles électriques, notamment de câbles souterrains et lors de remontées aéro-souterraines.The invention relates to the technical field of the grounding of the screens of electric cables, in particular underground cables and during aero-underground lifts.
Il est notoirement connu dans le domaine de la distribution de l'énergie électrique d'utiliser des câbles qui sont enterrés et qui présentent un écran en aluminium véhiculant des tensions de l'ordre de 25 000 volts. De même, lorsqu'il y a un défaut sur le câble, il est connu d'utiliser des boîtes de jonction présentent au niveau de leur sortie, un manchon métallique ouvert apte à être connecté avec l'écran du câble et avec une tresse métallique souple destinée à être enterrée et faisant office de prise de terre. Ces dispositions, parfaitement connues et données à titre d'exemples indicatifs nullement limitatifs, permettent à l'écran du câble d'être à la tension de la terre c'est-à-dire à 0 volt.It is well known in the field of distribution of electrical energy to use cables that are buried and have an aluminum screen carrying voltages of the order of 25,000 volts. Similarly, when there is a fault on the cable, it is known to use junction boxes present at their output, an open metal sleeve adapted to be connected with the cable screen and with a metal braid flexible intended to be buried and acting as grounding. These arrangements, perfectly known and given as non-limiting examples, allow the screen of the cable to be at the voltage of the earth, that is to say at 0 volts.
L'utilisation d'une tresse métallique souple, généralement de section méplate, présente certains avantages liés justement à la souplesse de la tresse facilitant sa mise en place et sa connexion avec le câble considéré. Toutefois, en considérant que la tresse est enfouie dans le sol, des risques de court-circuit peuvent apparaître étant donné que l'humidité résultant du sol remonte dans la tresse par capillarité et peut être véhiculée jusque dans la boîte de jonction et par conséquent dans le câble.The use of a flexible metal braid, generally of flat section, has some advantages related precisely to the flexibility of the braid facilitating its establishment and its connection with the cable considered. However, considering that the braid is buried in the ground, there is a risk of a short circuit since the moisture resulting from the ground rises in the braid by capillarity and can be conveyed into the junction box and therefore into the the cable.
Pour tenter de remédier à cet inconvénient, on a proposé de rendre massive une zone de la tresse située à l'une de ses extrémités au niveau d'une partie de connexion avec la boîte de jonction.In an attempt to overcome this drawback, it has been proposed to make an area of the braid located at one of its ends massive at a connection part with the junction box.
Par exemple, pour rendre massive la zone considérée, il est possible de fondre de l'étain à l'intérieur de la tresse afin de créer une barrière apte à stopper le passage de l'eau au niveau de la boîte de jonction. Toutefois, cette solution n'assure pas une étanchéité totale de sorte que l'on ne peut exclure des risques de fuite et, par conséquent, de passage de l'eau. Une telle solution nécessite, par ailleurs, des moyens de mise en oeuvre relativement importants.For example, to make massive the area considered, it is possible to melt tin inside the braid to create a barrier able to stop the passage of water at the junction box. However, this solution does not provide a complete seal so that one can not exclude the risk of leakage and, therefore, water passage. Such a solution requires, moreover, relatively important implementation means.
Pour s'affranchir de ce problème de la remontée de l'eau par capillarité, il a été proposé de remplacer la tresse métallique souple par du feuillard métallique. Si cette solution évite toute remontée de l'eau par capillarité, on ne peut exclure toute remontée de l'eau à l'extérieur du feuillard. Enfin, eu égard à la relative rigidité du feuillard, des difficultés d'installation peuvent apparaître.
L'invention s'est fixée pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients d'une manière simple, sûre, efficace et rationnelle.The object of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages in a simple, safe, effective and rational manner.
Le problème que se propose de résoudre l'invention est de pouvoir réaliser une mise à la terre des écrans de câbles électriques en utilisant une tresse métallique souple agencée pour éviter tout phénomène de remontée d'eau tant par capillarité que par l'extérieur, après avoir été enfouie dans le sol.The problem to be solved by the invention is to be able to ground the screens of electrical cables using a flexible metal braid arranged to prevent any phenomenon of upwelling both by capillarity and from outside, after have been buried in the ground.
Pour résoudre un tel problème, la tresse comprend au moins un élément conducteur de section pleine monté à proximité de l'extrémité de la tresse enfouie dans la terre au niveau d'une partie de connexion avec une boîte de jonction où est relié le câble.To solve such a problem, the braid comprises at least one solid section conductor element mounted near the end of the braid buried in the ground at a connection portion with a junction box where the cable is connected.
Il résulte donc de ces caractéristiques que l'élément conducteur de section pleine, constitue une véritable barrière évitant toute remontée accidentelle de l'eau au niveau de la boîte de jonction et par conséquent du câble.It follows from these characteristics that the conductive element of solid section, constitutes a real barrier avoiding any ascent accidental water at the junction box and therefore the cable.
Pour résoudre le problème posé de la fixation de l'élément conducteur par rapport à la partie considérée de la tresse, l'élément conducteur est fixé entre deux extrémités de la tresse résultant d'une découpe d'une partie de ladite tresse.To solve the problem of fixing the conductive element relative to the part of the braid considered, the conductive element is fixed between two ends of the braid resulting from cutting a portion of said braid.
Avantageusement, l'élément conducteur présente une section équivalente à celle de la tresse. La section transversale de l'élément conducteur est faiblement arrondie.Advantageously, the conductive element has a section equivalent to that of the braid. The cross section of the conductive element is weakly rounded.
Selon une autre caractéristique, pour résoudre le problème posé d'assurer la liaison de l'élément conducteur par rapport à la tresse, les extrémités de l'élément conducteur présentent deux pattes aptes à être rabattue, pour enserrer la section de la tresse et y être fixées.According to another characteristic, to solve the problem of ensuring the connection of the conductive element with respect to the braid, the ends of the conductive element have two legs adapted to be folded down, to grip the section of the braid and there to be fixed.
Selon une autre caractéristique, les pattes sont fixées par sertissage. L'élément conducteur est réalisé en cuivre.According to another characteristic, the tabs are fixed by crimping. The conductive element is made of copper.
Pour résoudre le problème posé d'éviter toute filtration accidentelle de l'eau par l'extérieur, la tresse est recouverte d'une gaine en matière souple et étanche.To solve the problem of avoiding any accidental filtration of water from the outside, the braid is covered with a sheath of flexible and waterproof material.
L'invention est exposée ci-après plus en détail à l'aide des figures des dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue du dessus de la tresse selon l'invention, - la
figure 2 est une vue du dessous correspondant à lafigure 1 , - la
figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de la tresse, - la
figure 4 est une vue en coupe transversale selon la ligne BB de lafigure 2 , - la
figure 5 est une vue à caractère schématique montrant un exemple de mise en oeuvre de la tresse selon les caractéristiques de l'invention.
- the
figure 1 is a view from above of the braid according to the invention, - the
figure 2 is a view from below corresponding to thefigure 1 , - the
figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the braid, - the
figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line BB of thefigure 2 , - the
figure 5 is a schematic view showing an example of implementation of the braid according to the features of the invention.
La tresse de connexion électrique pour réaliser la prise de terre est désignée dans son ensemble par (1) et demeure réalisée par tout moyen parfaitement connu par un homme du métier en étant réalisé à partir de tous fils conducteurs d'électricité afin de réaliser une connexion souple électrique de puissance et de masse.The electrical connection braid for carrying out the earth connection is designated as a whole by (1) and is carried out by any means perfectly known to a person skilled in the art by being made from all electrically conductive wires in order to make a connection. Flexible electric power and mass.
De manière parfaitement comme pour un homme du métier, cette tresse métallique, de section méplate et présentant, comme indiqué, une certaine souplesse, est destinée à être enfouie dans le sol ou par les remontées aéro-souterraines pour assurer une mise à la terre d'un écran d'un câble électrique non représenté.Perfectly as for a person skilled in the art, this metal braid, of flat section and having, as indicated, a certain flexibility, is intended to be buried in the ground or by the aeronautical-underground lifts to ensure an earth connection. a screen of an electric cable not shown.
Toujours de manière connue, l'une des extrémités de la tresse présente une partie de connexion (3) avec une boîte de jonction externe (4) où est relié le câble.Still in known manner, one of the ends of the braid has a connection portion (3) with an external junction box (4) where the cable is connected.
Selon une caractéristique à la base de l'invention, la tresse (1) reçoit quels que soient son mode de réalisation et ses caractéristiques techniques et dimensionnelles, au moins un élément conducteur (2) de section pleine. Cet élément conducteur (2) est monté à proximité de la tresse (1) considérée au niveau de la partie de connexion (3) avec la boîte de jonction (4) où est relié le câble.According to a characteristic underlying the invention, the braid (1) receives whatever its embodiment and its technical and dimensional characteristics, at least one conductive element (2) of solid section. This conductive element (2) is mounted near the braid (1) considered at the connection portion (3) with the junction box (4) where is connected the cable.
L'élément conducteur (2) est fixé entre deux extrémités ou parties (1a) et (1b) de la tresse résultant d'une découpe dans une partie de ladite tresse.The conductive element (2) is fixed between two ends or portions (1a) and (1b) of the braid resulting from a cut in a portion of said braid.
L'extrémité (1a) correspond à la partie de la tresse enfouie dans la terre tandis que l'extrémité (1b) correspond à la partie de tresse connectée à la boîte de jonction.The end (1a) corresponds to the part of the braid buried in the ground while the end (1b) corresponds to the braid portion connected to the junction box.
L'élément conducteur (2) présente une section équivalente à celle de la tresse (1). La section transversale de l'élément (2) est faiblement arrondie. L'élément conducteur (2) peut, par exemple, être réalisé en cuivre.The conductive element (2) has a section equivalent to that of the braid (1). The cross section of the element (2) is slightly rounded. The conductive element (2) may, for example, be made of copper.
Dans une forme de réalisation pour assurer la liaison entre l'élément conducteur (2) et les parties considérées de la tresse métallique souple (1), l'extrémité dudit élément (2) présente deux pattes (2a), (2b) et (2c), (2d) aptes à être rabattues pour enserrer la section de la tresse et y être fixé. Par exemple cette fixation résulte d'un sertissage des pattes en combinaison ou non avec une opération de soudure.In one embodiment for connecting the conductive element (2) to the considered parts of the flexible metal braid (1), the end of said element (2) has two tabs (2a), (2b) and 2c), (2d) adapted to be folded to enclose the section of the braid and be attached thereto. For example, this fixation results from a crimping of the tabs in combination or not with a welding operation.
A noter que la section de l'élément conducteur (1) est déterminée pour permettre le passage du courant du court-circuit en ayant pour objectif de mettre l'écran de câble à la terre, de sorte qu'au-delà de l'écran, il n'y a pas de tension.Note that the section of the conductive element (1) is determined to allow the passage of short-circuit current with the aim of grounding the cable screen, so that beyond the screen, there is no voltage.
Dans une forme de réalisation l'ensemble de la tresse métallique, y compris au niveau de l'élément conducteur (2) peut être recouverte d'une gaine en matière souple et étanche.In one embodiment, the entire metal braid, including at the conductive element (2), can be covered with a sheath made of flexible and waterproof material.
On note également que l'élément conducteur (2) peut être traité extérieurement, par exemple, par une opération de sablage pour éviter tout risque d'infiltration de l'eau par l'extérieur.Note also that the conductive element (2) can be treated externally, for example, by a sanding operation to prevent any risk of infiltration of water from the outside.
Les avantages ressortent bien de la description, en particulier on souligne la possibilité de réaliser la mise à la terre d'un écran de câbles électriques au moyen d'une tresse souple dont l'extrémité située au niveau de sa liaison avec une boîte de jonction présente un élément conducteur rigide et de section pleine afin de constituer une véritable barrière évitant tout risque d'infiltration de l'eau tant par l'intérieur que par l'extérieur. La tresse selon l'invention combine par conséquent les avantages d'une tresse au niveau de sa souplesse et d'un feuillard au niveau de sa section pleine pour constituer une barrière d'étanchéité.The advantages are apparent from the description, in particular the possibility of making the grounding of a screen of electric cables by means of a flexible braid whose end located at its connection with a junction box. has a solid conductive element and full section to constitute a real barrier avoiding any risk of water infiltration both from the inside and outside. The braid according to the invention therefore combines the advantages of a braid at its flexibility and a strip at its solid section to form a sealing barrier.
Claims (8)
- A mental braid (1) for grounding a screen of an electrical cable, characterized in that it comprises at least one conductive element (2) of solid cross-section arranged near the end of the braid (1) buried in the ground at a connecting portion (3) with a junction box (4) where the cable is connected.
- The metallic braid (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive element (2) is fixed between two ends (1a) and (1b) of the braid as a result of cutting out a portion of said braid.
- The metallic braid (1) according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the conductive element (2) has a cross-section equivalent to that of the braid.
- The metallic braid (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cross-section of the conductive element (2) is slightly rounded.
- The metallic braid (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ends of the conductive element (2) have two legs (2a), (2b) and (2c), (2d) adapted to be folded down to enclose the cross-section of the braid and be fixed therein.
- The metallic braid (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the legs (2a), (2b) and (2c), (2d) are secured by crimping.
- The metallic braid (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the conductive element (2) is made of copper.
- The metallic braid (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that the braid is coated with a sheath of flexible and waterproof material.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1450366A FR3016728B1 (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | METAL BRAID FOR EARTHING A SCREEN OF AN ELECTRIC CABLE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2897227A1 EP2897227A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
EP2897227B1 true EP2897227B1 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
Family
ID=50424579
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14196162.3A Active EP2897227B1 (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-12-03 | Metal braid for earthing a screen of an electric cable |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2897227B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2598353T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3016728B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2897227T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5143273A (en) * | 1986-11-20 | 1992-09-01 | Methode Electronics, Inc. | Attachment of solder buttons to elongated conductor |
US6730848B1 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2004-05-04 | Antaya Technologies Corporation | Techniques for connecting a lead to a conductor |
-
2014
- 2014-01-17 FR FR1450366A patent/FR3016728B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-12-03 PL PL14196162T patent/PL2897227T3/en unknown
- 2014-12-03 EP EP14196162.3A patent/EP2897227B1/en active Active
- 2014-12-03 ES ES14196162.3T patent/ES2598353T3/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3016728A1 (en) | 2015-07-24 |
EP2897227A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
PL2897227T3 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
FR3016728B1 (en) | 2016-01-29 |
ES2598353T3 (en) | 2017-01-27 |
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