EP2895707A2 - Arbeitsmittelgemisch für dampfkraftanlagen - Google Patents
Arbeitsmittelgemisch für dampfkraftanlagenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2895707A2 EP2895707A2 EP13753881.5A EP13753881A EP2895707A2 EP 2895707 A2 EP2895707 A2 EP 2895707A2 EP 13753881 A EP13753881 A EP 13753881A EP 2895707 A2 EP2895707 A2 EP 2895707A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- working medium
- lubricant
- working
- working fluid
- generating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
- F01K9/003—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines condenser cooling circuits
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of a working fluid in steam power plants with a steam generator for generating working medium vapor, a pump for generating an increased pressure in the working medium vapor, an expansion machine for generating mechanical and / or electrical work by expansion of the working fluid from an elevated pressure to a lower pressure level under work and a condenser for condensation of the working fluid, wherein the working fluid contains a lubricant.
- thermal energy is transferable to a working medium.
- the thermal energy contained in the working medium is converted into mechanical work.
- the engine may be an expansion engine in which the working fluid is released under the power of work.
- the steam generator is formed by a heat exchanger, through which a working medium for receiving heat can be conducted.
- the working medium is in the form of a fluid.
- the fluid for example, water or water vapor, is passed through one or more channels, which is flowed around by a hot gas stream.
- the hot gas stream may be the hot flue gas of a burner in which fuel is exothermally burned, or the waste heat of an internal combustion engine.
- At the Heat is transferred to the fluid around the fluid-flow channels, whereby it is vaporized and overheated. It has a high pressure and temperature level in the order of a few hundred ° C when leaving the steam generator.
- the working fluid is expanded from the high first pressure level to a lower second pressure level under operating power.
- the piston drives a shaft which, for example, drives a power generator or serves to move a vehicle.
- the expanded fluid is cooled in a condenser and liquefied and recycled to the fluid circuit via a pump. The higher the pressure and temperature difference, the higher the efficiency of the system.
- An expansion machine is to be understood here as any engine which operates in phase change with a gaseous or vaporous working medium. It should be distinguished from internal combustion engines, such as a two-stroke engine in which a fuel is burned inside the engine. As a working medium usually water vapor is used, which is released while giving off work. Combustion takes place outside the engine to vaporize the water. A downstream capacitor arrangement serves to liquefy the expanded working medium. Typical working medium temperatures are 550 ° C for the high-energy vapor state and 100 ° C for the condensing station temperature.
- Such a steam cycle is known for example from DE 10226445 Cl or WO 2005/001248 AI. There, a cycle of the type mentioned is described. Feed water is used as the working medium. Water is easy to handle, inexpensive and has good thermodynamic properties. The water is evaporated in an evaporator. The steam is expanded in an expansion machine under work. After expansion, the vapor is condensed in a condenser and fed by means of a pump to a reservoir, from which it is again available for the circulation. The described work machine is used for example as an auxiliary unit in motor vehicles.
- the object is achieved in that the working fluid contains acetone and lubricants.
- Acetone is also referred to as propanone, 2-propanone, dimethyl ketone or propane-2-one. It is known as a degreaser, at dentists for tooth cleaning as a nail cleaner and thinner.
- the invention is based on the surprising finding that the efficiency of a steam power plant is improved by the addition of acetone.
- the polarity properties of acetone enhance the stability of the solution with the individual components and the lubricant.
- the lubricant is more soluble.
- the expansion machine is then lubricated better and has less friction losses. As a result, the efficiency can be improved.
- the working medium preferably contains pentane or another agent which influences the boiling behavior.
- Polyalphaolefins PAO, polyalkylene glycols PAG, silicone oils, esters or polyethylene glycols PEG and / or mixtures thereof are particularly suitable as lubricants. In this case, particularly good efficiencies are achieved when the lubricant is present in an amount between 2 and 20 mass%.
- the above-described working medium mixture in the form of a stable emulsion or a solution is also well suited for the high-pressure and high-temperature range, as occurs in typical steam cycle processes.
- Fig.l shows schematically a steam cycle
- the steam cycle 10 of an expansion machine 10 is shown schematically.
- the steam cycle process comprises an expansion machine 14 and a continuous steam generator 12.
- the continuous steam generator 12 is charged with the hot flue gas of a burner.
- the cycle further comprises a variable speed feedwater pump 16 and a condenser 18.
- the continuous steam generator 12 is flowed through by working medium with some additives.
- the working fluid is under an increased pressure, which is generated by a pump 16.
- the working medium or working medium vapor is an amount of heat ⁇ zusell supplied from the flue gas.
- the working medium steam is overheated, ie brought to a high temperature.
- the inner energy increases.
- the working medium vapor is released.
- the pressure drops back to a lower pressure level.
- the relaxed working medium vapor is then fed to a condenser 18, in which it is condensed, so that the working medium for the cycle continues to be available. In this case, the amount of heat c is free, which can be used for example for heat purposes.
- the condensed working medium is supplied to the pump 16 again.
- the working medium is pure acetone with a boiling point at 56 ° C with 15 mass% lubricant.
- the working medium is a mixture of 65% by mass of pentane, 18% by mass of acetone, 5% by mass of water and 12% by mass of polyalphaolefin PAO. This mixture boils from a temperature of 32 ° C.
- the working medium is a mixture of 50% by mass of acetone, 35% by mass of hexane and 15% lubricant. This mixture boils at 50 ° C. It is thermally stable up to a temperature of 400 ° C. It can therefore be worked at a large temperature difference between steam and condensate, whereby a high efficiency is achieved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012108468.8A DE102012108468A1 (de) | 2012-09-11 | 2012-09-11 | Arbeitsmittelgemisch für Dampfkraftanlagen |
| PCT/EP2013/068085 WO2014040875A2 (de) | 2012-09-11 | 2013-09-02 | Arbeitsmittelgemisch für dampfkraftanlagen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2895707A2 true EP2895707A2 (de) | 2015-07-22 |
| EP2895707B1 EP2895707B1 (de) | 2017-05-31 |
Family
ID=49083689
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP13753881.5A Not-in-force EP2895707B1 (de) | 2012-09-11 | 2013-09-02 | Arbeitsmittelgemisch für dampfkraftanlagen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9856756B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2895707B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102012108468A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2014040875A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013110256A1 (de) | 2013-09-17 | 2015-03-19 | Fuchs Petrolub Se | Betriebsmittel für einen Dampfkreisprozess |
| JP6882284B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-13 | 2021-06-02 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | 熱力学サイクルシステム |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB519171A (en) * | 1938-09-13 | 1940-03-19 | Rudolf Doczekal | Improvements in or relating to vapour-pressure power plant |
| FR2483009A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-23 | 1981-11-27 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de production d'energie mecanique a partir de chaleur utilisant un melange de fluides comme agent de travail |
| DE10226445C1 (de) | 2002-06-13 | 2003-06-12 | Enginion Ag | Vorrichtung zur Umsetzung thermischer Energie in mechanische Arbeit |
| DE10328289B3 (de) | 2003-06-23 | 2005-01-05 | Enginion Ag | Arbeitsmedium für Dampfkreisprozesse |
| DE102004006837A1 (de) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-08-25 | Erwin Dr. Oser | Stromgewinnung aus Luft |
| US7428816B2 (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2008-09-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | Working fluids for thermal energy conversion of waste heat from fuel cells using Rankine cycle systems |
| US20070101989A1 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-10 | Mev Technology, Inc. | Apparatus and method for the conversion of thermal energy sources including solar energy |
| RU2009111881A (ru) * | 2006-09-01 | 2010-10-10 | Е.И.Дюпон де Немур энд Компани (US) | Способ для циркулирования выбранных жидких теплоносителей через замкнутый цикл |
| DE102007043373A1 (de) * | 2007-09-12 | 2009-03-19 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Verdampfer für eine Dampfkreisprozessvorrichtung |
| US20090071155A1 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-19 | General Electric Company | Method and system for thermochemical heat energy storage and recovery |
| JP2010531970A (ja) * | 2008-03-07 | 2010-09-30 | アーケマ・インコーポレイテッド | 液体冷却装置におけるr−1233の使用 |
-
2012
- 2012-09-11 DE DE102012108468.8A patent/DE102012108468A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-09-02 WO PCT/EP2013/068085 patent/WO2014040875A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2013-09-02 EP EP13753881.5A patent/EP2895707B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-09-02 US US14/427,131 patent/US9856756B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2014040875A3 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9856756B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 |
| US20150240668A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
| DE102012108468A1 (de) | 2014-03-13 |
| EP2895707B1 (de) | 2017-05-31 |
| WO2014040875A2 (de) | 2014-03-20 |
| WO2014040875A3 (de) | 2014-08-07 |
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