EP2894107B1 - Dismountable box pallet - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to the field of containers for storing or transporting objects or materials, made of wood or other similar materials such as plywood, wood chips or wood composites, and relates to a pallet box removable.

Wood containers known as pallet boxes are already known comprising a pallet commonly known as a herringbone pallet or a pallet with two inlets facilitating the handling of loads by means of a forklift and a box, surmounting said pallet, for containing the load and whose upper face of the pallet forms the bottom of the box.

More particularly, a current removable pallet box generally comprises, on the one hand, a pallet comprising a square or rectangular floor and at least two chevrons parallel to each other and each having a length substantially equal to that of one of the sides of the floor and a planar longitudinal support face supporting the latter, two chevrons, called end chevrons, respectively extending along two opposite sides of the floor, that is to say each along one of said sides opposing and, on the other hand, a polygonal box, square or rectangular, comprising four walls, square or rectangular, full or slatted, forming the four lateral sides of the box, arranged on or near the perimeter of the floor perpendicular to the latter.

In addition, such a box-pallet generally comprises three or four chevrons, including two rafters, said end chevrons respectively extend along two opposite sides of the floor and at least one chevron, said intermediate chevron, extends between the two end chevrons.

Pallets for pallet boxes are also known comprising supports similar to the rafters consisting of slats each mounted on dice or pads, the floor then resting on one of the longitudinal faces of said slats.

In addition, the current pallet boxes generally comprise a cover, solid or open, covering their open upper face opposite the bottom of the box.

The assembly of the constituent elements of this type of pallet box is generally achieved by means of fasteners such as points, nails or staples.

However, this type of assembly requires specific tools and has the disadvantage of making it difficult or impossible to separate two adjacent walls when they must be disassembled or have been poorly assembled.

To remedy this drawback, the document WO2012 / 052639A1 relates to a pallet box comprising a pallet forming a bottom wall at the body, a polygonal box, square or rectangular, with four sides having four wooden walls and a skylight and a cover covering the upper opening defined by said walls, towards the top of the body, these different elements being connected to each other by means of four upper angles and four lower angles monobloc plastic. The pallet comprises a rectangular tray whose one of its faces forms the bottom of the box and three rafters forming a base surmounted by the plate and spaced from the ground. In addition, the lower or upper edge of each wall is substantially rectilinear all along the wall and has no projecting portion downward or upwardly. The lower angles are fixed beforehand on the pallet upper face. Each wall is nested by its lower edge in two angles. Then, one comes to place the upper angles on the upper edge of the considered wall at each of its angles.

However, a box-pallet of the type of that of the document WO2012 / 052639A1 presents a complex and expensive structure which requires nailing means for fixing the angles and specific molds for the realization of the latter.

Other types of pallet box are known from US 6,076,690 A , US 1 705 003 A and DE 10 2008 037 899 A1 , the latter document disclosing a pallet box according to the preamble of claim 1.

The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages by providing a removable pallet box, with a low cost and easy assembly and disassembly without the need for specific tools.

• le premier bord inférieur de chaque paroi repose directement sur la surface d'appui correspondante non recouverte par le plancher,
• chaque support d'extrémité comporte en outre une rainure d'emboîtement pratiquée longitudinalement dans la face d'appui de préférence en coupant, le cas échéant, le ou chaque trou d'emboîtement,
• le premier bord inférieur de chaque seconde paroi, disposée le long du support d'extrémité concerné, est inséré dans la rainure du support concerné.

As such, the present invention relates to a removable pallet box comprising on the one hand a pallet comprising a square or rectangular floor and a support assembly comprising at least two rigid supports of elongate and straight form, such as rafters or the like , parallel to each other and to two opposite sides of the floor and each having a flat longitudinal supporting face supporting the latter, two supports, said end supports, respectively extending along two opposite sides of the floor and, on the other hand, a polygonal box, square or rectangular, comprising four walls, square or rectangular, full or open, forming the four lateral sides of the box, each delimited by two first opposite edges, respectively a lower edge and an edge upper, and two second opposite edges, perpendicular to the latter, namely two first walls vis-à-vis perpendicular to said end supports and two second walls vis-à-vis perpendicular to the latter, disposed on or near the perimeter of the floor perpendicular to the latter, each first wall and / or each second wall having at least one tenon, said lower lug, or other male interlocking element such as a trunnion extending beyond the first lower edge of the corresponding wall, at least two supports each comprising at least one interlocking hole, said lower hole, made in its bearing face, the sides of the floor recessed at each hole, each tenon being inserted directly into one of said holes, where appropriate at least one of the boards of the floor being shorter than the other boards to recede the hole or holes located at its level and in the axis of the latter, the floor partially covering the bearing surface of each end support and / or, where appropriate, the or each intermediate support, and a means of belting to achieve the final assembly and, optionally, connecting means between two adjacent walls, and characterized in that:

• the first lower edge of each wall rests directly on the corresponding bearing surface not covered by the floor,
• each end support further comprises an interlocking groove made longitudinally in the bearing face, preferably by cutting, where appropriate, the or each interlocking hole,
• the first lower edge of each second wall, disposed along the end support concerned, is inserted into the groove of the support concerned.

• la figure 1 montre une vue en perspective d'une caisse-palette selon la présente invention, sans couvercle, dans un premier mode de réalisation, de forme rectangulaire, avec des premières et secondes parois à claire-voie, à l'état monté et reposant sur un sol horizontal, dont seules les premières parois, formant les grands côtés de la caisse rectangulaire, comportent des tenons et sont emboîtées dans les supports concernés de la palette, tandis que les secondes parois, formant les petits côtés de la caisse, sont emboîtées dans les rainures verticales des premières parois,
• la figure 2 montre la caisse-palette représentée sur la figure 1 avec un couvercle de fermeture à claire-voie constitué par une rangée de quatre lattes, dont deux lattes d'extrémité et deux lattes intermédiaires,
• la figure 3 montre la caisse-palette représentée sur la figure 1 sans les secondes parois parallèles aux supports,
• la figure 4 montre une vue de face de l'une des deux premières parois à claire-voie de la caisse-palette représentée sur la figure 1, dans une forme comprenant des montants verticaux à chacune de leurs extrémités, c'est-à-dire au niveau et le long de leurs seconds bords verticaux,
• la figure 5 montre la caisse-palette représentée sur la figure 3 avec uniquement l'une des premières parois emboîtés dans les supports concernés et l'une des secondes parois emboîté par l'un de ses seconds bords verticaux dans la rainure de l'un des montants de la première paroi,
• la figure 6 montre une vue de détail en perspective de l'assemblage par emboîtement de la seconde paroi représentée sur la figure 5 en montrant uniquement le montant de la première paroi,
• la figure 7 montre une vue en perspective de l'un des supports dans une forme consistant en un chevron, plus particulièrement un chevron à deux entrées,
• la figure 8 montre une vue en perspective de l'un des supports dans une autre forme consistant en une latte supportée par trois dés ou plots,
• la figure 9 montre la palette représentée sur la figure 1 comprenant quatre trous d'emboîtement situés chacun à l'un des quatre coins de ladite palette,
• la figure 10 montre une vue en perspective de l'une des extrémités libres, à savoir l'extrémité libre inférieur, d'un montant représenté sur la figure 1 comportant un élément d'emboîtement mâle anti-rotation consistant en un tourillon de section elliptique ou ovoïde avec deux méplats latéraux,
• la figure 11 montre une vue de face de l'un des trous d'emboîtement dans une forme complémentaire du tourillon représenté sur la figure 10,
• la figure 12 montre une vue en perspective de la caisse-palette représentée sur la figure 1 dans une configuration où seules les petits côtés, ou secondes parois, comportent des tenons et des rainures d'emboîtement, les premières parois, ou grands côtés, n'étant pas représentées,
• la figure 13 représente une vue en perspective de l'un des coins de la caisse-palette représentée sur la figure 1, au niveau de la palette, à l'état juste avant la réalisation de l'emboîtement de l'une des premières parois dans l'un des supports d'extrémité,
• la figure 14 représente une vue de face d'une seconde paroi, dans une forme de réalisation particulière, comprenant un seul montant disposé dans sa partie médiane ou centrale,
• la figure 15 montre une vue en perspective de la caisse-palette dans un second mode de réalisation, avec emboîtement des premières et secondes parois dans les supports concernés de la palette, sans liaison par emboîtement entre deux parois adjacentes.

The invention will be better understood, thanks to the following description, which refers to a preferred embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example, and explained with reference to the attached schematic drawings, in which:

• the figure 1 shows a perspective view of a pallet box according to the present invention, without a lid, in a first embodiment, of rectangular shape, with first and second slatted walls, in the mounted state and resting on a horizontal floor, of which only the first walls, forming the long sides of the rectangular box, have tenons and are nested in the relevant supports of the pallet, while the second walls, forming the short sides of the box, are nested in the vertical grooves of the first walls,
• the figure 2 shows the pallet box shown on the figure 1 with a slatted closure consisting of a row of four slats, two of which are end slats and two intermediate slats,
• the figure 3 shows the pallet box shown on the figure 1 without the second walls parallel to the supports,
• the figure 4 shows a front view of one of the first two slatted walls of the pallet box shown on the figure 1 in a form comprising vertical uprights at each of their ends, i.e. at and along their second vertical edges,
• the figure 5 shows the pallet box shown on the figure 3 with only one of the first walls nested in the supports concerned and one of the second walls fitted by one of its second vertical edges in the groove of one of the uprights of the first wall,
• the figure 6 shows a detailed perspective view of the interlocking assembly of the second wall shown on the figure 5 showing only the amount of the first wall,
• the figure 7 shows a perspective view of one of the supports in a form consisting of a chevron, more particularly a chevron with two entrances,
• the figure 8 shows a perspective view of one of the supports in another form consisting of a slat supported by three dice or pads,
• the figure 9 shows the palette represented on the figure 1 comprising four interlocking holes each located at one of the four corners of said pallet,
• the figure 10 shows a perspective view of one of the free ends, namely the lower free end, of an amount shown on the figure 1 having an anti-rotation male interlocking member consisting of a trunnion of elliptical or ovoidal section with two lateral flats,
• the figure 11 shows a front view of one of the interlocking holes in a shape complementary to the trunnion shown in FIG. figure 10 ,
• the figure 12 shows a perspective view of the pallet box shown on the figure 1 in a configuration where only the short sides, or second walls, have tenons and interlocking grooves, the first walls, or long sides, not being shown,
• the figure 13 represents a perspective view of one of the corners of the pallet box shown on the figure 1 , at the pallet level, in the state just before the interlocking of one of the first walls in one of the end supports,
• the figure 14 represents a front view of a second wall, in a particular embodiment, comprising a single upright disposed in its central or central part,
• the figure 15 shows a perspective view of the pallet box in a second embodiment, with interlocking of the first and second walls in the relevant supports of the pallet, without interlocking connection between two adjacent walls.

The figures show a dismountable pallet box comprising, on the one hand, a pallet 1 comprising a square or rectangular floor 10 and a support assembly comprising at least two rigid and elongate supports 11 of elongate and straight shape, such as chevrons or the like, parallel between they and two opposite sides of the floor and each having a bearing surface 11a longitudinal plane supporting the latter, two supports 11, said end supports, respectively extending along two opposite sides of the floor 10 and, d ' on the other hand, a box 2 polygonal, square or rectangular, comprising four walls 20, 21, square or rectangular, full or slatted, forming the four lateral sides of the box, each delimited by two first opposite edges, respectively an edge lower and an upper edge, and two second opposite edges, perpendicular to the latter, namely two first walls 20 vis-à-vis perpendicular to the said end supports 11 and two second walls 21 vis-à-vis perpendicular thereto, disposed on or near the perimeter of the floor 10 perpendicular to the latter.

• au moins deux supports 11 comportent chacun au moins un trou 11b d'emboîtement, dit trou 11b inférieur, pratiqué dans sa face d'appui 11a,
• chaque première paroi 20 et/ou chaque seconde paroi 21 comporte(nt) au moins un tenon 4a, dit tenon inférieur, ou autre élément mâle d'emboîtement tel qu'un tourillon, s'étendant au-delà du premier bord inférieur de la paroi correspondante,
• chaque tenon 4a est inséré directement dans l'un desdits trous.

According to the present invention, in such a pallet box:

• at least two supports 11 each comprise at least one interlocking hole 11b, called the lower hole 11b, formed in its bearing face 11a,
• each first wall 20 and / or second wall 21 comprises (s) at least one pin 4a, said lower pin, or other male interlocking element such as a pin, extending beyond the first lower edge of the corresponding wall,
• each post 4a is inserted directly into one of said holes.

Still in accordance with the present invention, such a box pallet further comprises a means of belting, not shown in the accompanying figures, to achieve the final assembly of the box pallet and, optionally, connecting means 4b between two walls adjacent 20, 21.

It will be noted that the pallet 1 may preferably be pre-assembled and that the means of girdling may be for example at least one strap or other known means such as a strapping means or at least one strap, notably surrounding or extend around the pallet box in the assembled state.

It will be understood that the floor 10, that is to say the upper face of the floor 10, forms the bottom of the box 2 and that the side of the box opposite its bottom can be fully open ( figure 1 ) or closed, partially or entirely, by a lid 3, solid or open, which will be described later ( figure 2 ).

It will also be noted that each support 11 may consist, preferably, in a first known shape, in a chevron ( Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 15 ), that is to say an elongate monobloc piece, preferably of square section. Such a chevron may be, in known manner, a chevron with two inputs, that is to say having two cutouts 11d made in its lower face to allow passage to the fork of a lifting machine

Each support 11 may also consist, in a second known embodiment, of an assembly of a board 11e, one of the large longitudinal faces, which can then form one of the bearing faces 11a, and dice or pads 11f of generally parallelepipedic shape, supporting said board 11th support ( figure 8 ). Such a support 11, can thus comprise, like a chevron with two inputs, two inputs, each consisting of a space between two dice or pads.

Of course, the pallet 1 may have a mixture of these two forms of supports 11 without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, the pallet 1 can also rest, in known manner, on soles 5 in the form of planks fixed against the lower face of the supports 11, perpendicular thereto ( Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 9 , 12 , 15 ).

Preferably, each end support 11 may comprise at least one of its ends at least one interlocking hole 11b ( Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 7, 8 , 9, 11 , 12, 13 , 15 ).

If we now turn to Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 6 , 12 and 13 it can be seen that, in a first embodiment of the box-pallet according to the invention, in which two adjacent walls 20, 21 are interconnected by being nested one inside the other, each first wall 20 or each second wall 21 may comprise two interlocking grooves 4b each extending parallel to its second edges and, respectively, close to one of these. Thus, each second edge of a first or second wall, adjacent to that comprising said grooves, can be provided to be inserted into one of said grooves, each second edge thus inserted or fitted into one of the grooves then forming with this last one of the connecting means between two adjacent walls 20, 21.

In this first embodiment, with interlocking connection between two adjacent walls 20, 21, one of which has the grooves provided for this purpose, each end support 11 may comprise two interlocking holes 11b each located at the level of the housing. one of its ends ( Figure 7 and Figure 8 ) so that each hole 11b thus located is at one of the corners of the floor 10 ( Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 9 , 12, 13 ). In addition, each first wall 20 may comprise two interlocking lugs 4a each located at or near one of its second edges, as can be seen more particularly on the figure 4 , so as to allow interlocking of the first walls 20 in the end supports 11 concerned at least at each corner of the pallet 10 ( Figures 1, 2 , 3 , 9 , 12, 13 ). Thus the four holes 11b nesting at the four corners allow nesting or easy embedding of the first walls 20 in the nesting holes 11b end supports 11, while the second walls 21 are held between the first walls 20 by the insertion of their second edges in the respective grooves 4b thereof ( Figures 1, 2 , 5 , 6 ).

If we refer to the figure 15 it can be seen that, in a second embodiment, without connection with interlocking between two adjacent walls 20, 21, the first and second walls 20, 21 may each comprise at least two lower tenons 4a, of which the two or two tenons 4a , said end tenons, are respectively located at the level or near one of its second edges and that each end support 11 may comprise at one of its ends two interlocking holes 11b, one of which receives one of the at least two pins 4a of one of the first walls 20 and the other receives one of the at least two tenons 4a of one of the second walls 21.

In a preferred embodiment of the support assembly, it may comprise at least three supports 11, preferably four supports 11 ( Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 9 , 12 , 15 ), namely the two end supports 11 and, between them, at least one support 11, said intermediate support, preferably two intermediate supports ( Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 12 , 15 ). On the other hand, the or at least one of the intermediate supports 11 may each comprise at least one interlocking hole 11b located, preferably, at one of its ends, in order to ensure interlocking first walls 20, when no interlocking is provided in the end supports and / or when it comes to reinforcing the assembly of the walls concerned ( figure 15 ).

In a particular embodiment of the floor 10, it may be constituted by a row of planks 10a parallel to each other, joined by their longitudinal sides or spaced apart from each other, and may extend perpendicular to the supports 11 resting flat on their respective bearing faces 11a ( Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 9 , 12 , 15 ). In the case where the floor is constituted by a row of boards 10a, each space in the floor 10 may be formed by the spacing between two adjacent boards 10a.

The floor surface 10 is provided so that the sides of the floor 10 concerned recessed at each hole 11b nesting. Each tenon 4a can then be inserted directly into one of said holes 11b ( Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 15 ). In the case where the floor 10 is constituted by a row of boards 10a, at least one of the boards 10a may be shorter than the other boards 10a to recess the hole or holes 11b located at its level and in the axis of the latter, that is to say, holes 11b made in the end supports 11 (see in particular figures 9 , 12 and 13 ). Thus, in the case where each pin 4a is intended to be inserted directly into one of the holes 11b of the end supports 11, it has been found that this direct insertion can confer greater strength to the pallet box according to the invention. invention, greater than that conferred in the case of an indirect insertion through the floor previously traversed by each tenon.

The floor 10 is provided, in its surface extension, to partially cover the bearing face (11a) of each end support 11 and, where appropriate, the or each intermediate support 11. The first lower edge of each wall 20, 21 can then rest directly on the part of the corresponding bearing face 11a not covered by the floor 10 ( Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 12, 13 ). Thus, the four sides of the box 2 can be positioned outside the floor. The lower the floor, or the thickness of the floor, can be sandwiched between the four sides of the box. The floor can then strengthen the resistance of the sides against external aggression, such as, for example, the fork of an elevator.

As can be seen on the Figures 1. 2 . 3. 5 . 7, 8 , 9 , 12, 13 ), for better holding of the second walls 21 on the pallet, arranged parallel and along the end supports 11, each end support 11 further comprises a nesting groove 11c made longitudinally in the bearing face 11a , preferably cutting, where appropriate, the or each hole 11b interlocking. The first lower edge of each second wall 21, arranged along the end support 11 concerned, can then be adapted to be inserted into the groove 11c of the support 11 concerned ( Figures 1, 2 , 5 , 12 ).

In addition each wall 20, 21 resting by its first edge on one of the bearing faces 11a may further comprise an extra thickness on its inner or outer face extending at its first edge or, when it is intended to be inserted into one of the grooves 11b, set back from the latter, said extra thickness having a longitudinal edge coming to rest on the bearing face 11a, where appropriate, along the corresponding groove 11b, in order to enhance the stability of the wall 20 or 21.

Moreover, as can be seen on the figure 2 , the present invention may provide that the pallet box may further comprise a lid 3, solid or clear track, for example consisting of slats 3b or contiguous or spaced planks, completely or partially covering the open side of the body opposite to its bottom. Such a cover may comprise at least two interlocking holes 3a, called upper holes 3a. In addition, each first wall 20 and / or second wall 21 may further comprise at least two additional interlocking lugs 4c, said upper lugs 4c, extending beyond their first upper edge so that each lug 4c upper can be inserted, in the closed state of the cover, in one of the upper holes 3a to achieve its assembly by interlocking on the walls 20, 21 concerned of the body 2.

As can be seen again on the figure 2 , such a cover 3, in a openwork or openwork form may comprise two slats 3b, called end slats, each disposed along one of the first or second walls 20 or 21 ( figure 2 ) so as to complete the lid function by coming to grip the corresponding wall to further strengthen the ends and assembly of the body. Other intermediate slats 3b, extending between the two end slats 3b, as can also be seen on the figure 2 , may also be provided to complete this particular form of the lid 3 open.

If we refer again to Figures 1, 2 , 3, 4 , 5 , 6 , 12, 13 , 14, 15 it can be seen that, in a preferred embodiment, each first wall 20 and / or second wall 21 may comprise, on the inner side of the box, at least one upright 4 extending parallel to its second edges. In addition, the or at least one of the uprights 4 may extend axially at one of its free ends by one of the lower tenons 4b and, where appropriate, each upright 4 may extend axially at its other end. free by one of the upper tenons 4c. Preferably at least one of the uprights 4 of each first wall 20 and / or at least one of the uprights 4 of each second wall 21 may extend (each) substantially from the first lower edge to at the first upper edge so that the free ends of each upright 4 are substantially flush with said first respective edges or are substantially set back from the latter.

In a particular embodiment of the box 2 with uprights 4, each first wall 20 and / or each second wall 21 may comprise (each) at least two uprights 4, of which two uprights 4 may extend along or near its second edges ( Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 6 , 12 , 13 , 15 ).

In another embodiment of the box 2 with uprights 4, each first wall 20 and / or each second wall 21 may comprise (each) a single upright 4, preferably arranged substantially in the central or central portion of the first wall (20) corresponding ( figure 14 representing a second wall 21 provided with such a central upright).

In the case where each first or second wall 20, 21 has interlocking grooves 4b, each upright 4 may have, on the inner side of the box, a longitudinal face in which, where appropriate, one of said grooves ( see especially the figures 1 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 12, 13 ).

Preferably, each free end of an upright 4 provided with a tenon, lower 4b or higher 3a, may comprise a shoulder 4d surrounding the base of the latter (visible in particular on the figures 1 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 10 , 13 , 15 ), and that can come respectively bearing, as the case may be, against the floor 10 (not shown) against one of the bearing faces 3a ( Figures 1, 2 , 3, 5 , 12, 13 , 15 ), or against the inside of the lid 3 ( figure 2 ).

We can see on the figure 2 , that in the case where each first wall 20 and / or each second wall 21 comprise such uprights 4, that in the particular shape of the lid 3 made of a slatted row 3b, each slat 3b can be mounted , where appropriate, on the ends of the uprights 4 being applied flat against the shoulders 4d.

The box pallet according to the present invention may comprise at least four uprights 4, preferably each arranged along one of the second vertical edges of one of the first or second walls 20, 21 of the box, that is, that is, in the mounted state, preferably at least one post at each corner of the pallet 1.

The box-pallet according to the present invention may furthermore comprise at least one intermediate upright 4, preferably two intermediate uprights ( Figures 1, 2 , 5 ) disposed between the two uprights 4 located at the second edges of each first or second wall 20, 21 comprising uprights, that is to say between two corners of the pallet or two vertical edges of the body 2. These intermediate amounts 4 have the effect of strengthening the sides of the body 2 and may include or not pins 4a, 4d lower or higher.

It will be understood that the box-pallet according to the present invention is modular, in section of the uprights 4, in their number and in the realization of the sides, if any of the lid, solid or slatted, wood, plywood or other material this depends on the dimensions and the resistance that is desired for the pallet box in the assembled state.

In an alternative embodiment, at least one of the first and / or second walls 20, 21 may comprise a single lug 4a, 4c which is lower or higher, said lug 4a, 4c and the lug 4a, 4c and the or each single pin 4a, 4c and the or each hole 11b, 3a complementary to this or the latter each have a section or a shape, for example elliptical or polygonal, adapted to prevent during their nesting respective rotation or the pivoting of each first or second wall 20 concerned around the corresponding single pin 4a ( Figure 10 and Figure 11 ). Such a pin 4a, 4c or single anti-rotation pin, and such a hole 11b, 3a complementary may, for example, each have a section of oval or elliptical shape ( Figure 10 and Figure 11 ). In addition, preferably, such a lug 4a, 4c or single pin, lower or upper, and such a hole 11b, 3a, lower or upper complementary anti-rotation may each respectively have at least one flat 40a or 30a, preferably two flats, lateral to further strengthen the anti-rotation effect ( Figures 10 and 11 ). Each stud 4a, 4c or single pin and each hole 11b, 3a complementary anti-rotation may also each have a circular section also having at least one flat to achieve the anti-rotation effect or a polygonal section, for example square or rectangular.

Of course, each lug 4a, 4c or trunnion, lower or upper, may have other more conventional shapes such as cylindrical, that is to say of circular section, providing no anti-rotation effect and more suitable in the case where each first or second wall 20, 21 comprises at least two lower tenons 4a thereby preventing rotation of the latter ( figures 1 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 12, 13 , 14, 15 ) with respect to pallet 1.

Each lug 4c or upper trunnion and each upper hole 3a of the lid 3 may have a shape similar to or different from that of the lower tenons 4a and the lower holes 11b of the supports 11.

Each first wall 20 provided with lower tenons 4a can thus be nested in at least one support 11, preferably the two end supports 11, more preferably, if necessary, to ensure a very solid interlocking, both in the two end supports 11 and in at least one intermediate support 11 adapted for this purpose to receive at least one tenon ( Figures 1, 2 , 5 , 15 ).

More particularly, the box pallet according to the present invention can be made from wood without other material, but can also be made from a wood composite such as composite wood known as "WPC" (Wood Plastic Composite).

Thus, the assembly of the walls 20, 21 provided with interlocking lugs 4a by interlocking or insertion of said lugs directly into the supports 11 of the pallet and, where appropriate, the connection, in particular by interlocking according to the present invention, between two adjacent walls reinforcing the holding of the body, allow to confer a high geometric stability to the box pallet and a very effective vertical outfit. In addition, it allows an operator to perform assembly or disassembly very quickly, of the order of 1 to 3 minutes according to tests performed by the present applicant.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications are possible, particularly from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. A demountable box pallet comprising on the one hand a pallet (1) consisting of a square or rectangular floor (10) and a support assembly comprising at least two rigid supports (11) which are elongated and straight in shape, such as chevrons or similar, parallel to one another and on two opposing sides of the floor and each having a flat longitudinal support face (11 a) supporting the latter, wherein two supports (11), called end supports, extend along two opposing sides of the floor (10) respectively, and on the other hand a polygonal, square or rectangular box (2), comprising four square or rectangular, solid or slatted walls (20, 21), forming the four lateral sides of the box, each bounded by two first opposing edges, a lower edge and an upper edge respectively, and two second opposing edges perpendicular to the latter, namely two first walls (20) opposing and perpendicular to the end supports and two second walls (21), opposing and perpendicular to the latter, arranged on or close to the perimeter of the floor (10) and perpendicularly to the latter, wherein each first wall (20) and/or each second wall (21) comprise at least one pin (4a), called the lower pin (4a), or some other male engagement element such as a trunnion nut, extending beyond the first lower edge of the corresponding wall, at least two supports (11), each comprising at least one engaging hole (11 b), called the lower hole (11 b), made in its support face (11 a), wherein the box pallet also comprises a means of belting in order to carry out the final assembly and, possibly, means of connection (4b) between two adjacent walls (20, 21),
   the box pallet being characterised in that:

   - the sides of the floor (10) are recessed at the level of each hole (11 b), wherein each pin (4a) is inserted directly in one of said holes (11 b) and, if applicable, at least one of the boards (10a) of the floor (10) is shorter than the other boards (10a) in order to be offset from the hole or holes (11 b) located level with it in the axis of the latter, wherein the floor (10) partially covers the support face (11 a) of each end support (11) and/or, if applicable, of the or each intermediate support (11),

   - the first lower edge of each wall (20, 21) rests directly on the corresponding support face (11 a) not covered by the floor (10),

   - each end support (11) also comprises an engagement groove (11c) made longitudinally in the support face (11a), preferably by cutting, if applicable, the or each engagement hole (11 b),

   - the first lower edge of each second wall (21), arranged along the relevant end support (11) is inserted in the groove (11c) of the relevant support (11).
2. The box pallet according to Claim 1, characterised in that each end support (11) comprises, on at least one of its ends, at least one engagement hole (11 b).
3. The box pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that at least one of the first and/or second walls (20, 21) comprise(s) only one pin (4a), called single pin, and in that the or each single pin (4a) and the or each hole (11 b) complementary to the latter, each have a cross-section or a shape that is for example elliptical or polygonal, which is adapted to prevent during their respective engagements the rotation or pivoting of each first and/or second wall (20) around the relevant single pin (4a).
4. The box pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the first and second walls (20, 21) each comprise at least two pins (4a), which the two pins (4a), called end pins, are each located respectively at the level of or close to one of its second edges, and in that each end support (11) comprises, at the level of one of its ends, two engagement holes (11 b), one of which receives one of the at least two pins (4a) of one of the first walls (20), and the other of which receives one of the at least two pins (4a) of one of the adjacent second walls (21).
5. The box pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that each first wall (20) or each second wall (21) comprises two engagement grooves (4b) each extending parallel with its second edges and, respectively, close to one of the latter, and in that each second edge of a first or second wall adjacent to that comprising said grooves is inserted in one of said grooves, each second edge thus inserted or engaged in one of the grooves then forming with the latter one of said means of connection between two adjacent walls (20, 21).
6. The box pallet according to claim 5, characterised in that each end support (11) comprises two engagement holes (11 b) each located at the level of one of its ends so that each hole (11 b) thus located is at the level of one of the corners of the floor (10), and in that each first or second wall (20) comprises two engagement pins (4a) each located at the level or close to one of its second edges, whilst the second walls (21) are maintained between the first walls (20) by the insertion of their second edges in the respective grooves (4b) of the latter.
7. The box pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the support assembly comprises at least three supports (11), namely the two end supports (11) and, between the latter, at least one support (11), called intermediate support, and in that the or at least one of the intermediate supports (11) comprises at least one engagement hole (11 b) located at the level of one of its ends and/or at least one of the end supports (11) comprises at least one engagement hole (11 b), preferably located at the level of one of its ends.
8. The box pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the floor (10) consists of a row of mutually parallel boards (10a) jointed by their longitudinal sides, or sides separated one from the other, extending perpendicularly to the supports (11), resting flat on their respective support faces (11 a).
9. The box pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it also comprises a lid (3), solid or slatted, consisting, for example, of jointed or spaced battens or boards entirely or partially covering the open side of the box opposing its bottom, said lid comprising at least two engagement holes (3a), called upper holes (3a), and, on the other hand, each first wall (20) and/or second wall (21) also comprise(s) at least two additional engagement pins (4c), called upper pins (4c), extending beyond their first upper edge so that each upper pin (4c) is inserted, when the lid is closed, in one of the upper holes (3a) in order to assemble it by engagement on the relevant walls (20, 21) of the box (2).
10. The box pallet, according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that each first wall (20) and/or each second wall (21) comprises, on the inside of the box, at least one upright (4) extending in parallel with its second edges, and in that the or at least one of the uprights (4) extends axially to one of its free ends by one of the lower engagement pins (4b) and, if applicable, in that each upright (4) extends axially at its other free end by one of the upper engagement pins (4c), and in that preferably at least one of the uprights (4) of each first wall (20) and/or at least one of the uprights (4) of each second wall (21) may extend essentially from the first lower edge to the first upper edge so that the free ends of each upright (4) lie essentially flush with said first respective first edges or are essentially recessed from the latter.
11. The box pallet according to claim 10, characterised in that either each first wall (20) and/or each second wall comprise(s) at least two uprights (4), which two uprights (4) extend along or close to its second edges, or each first wall (20) comprises a single upright (4), preferably arranged essentially in the median or central section of the corresponding first wall (20).
12. The box pallet according to claim 10 or claim 11, characterised in that each upright (4) has, on the inside of the box, a longitudinal face in which, if applicable, is made one of the engagement grooves (4b) defined in claim 5.
13. The box pallet according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that each free end of an upright fitted with an upper or lower pin (4b, 3a) comprises a shoulder (4d) surrounding the base of the latter and resting, respectively according to the case, against the floor (10), one of the support faces (3a) or the inner face of the lid (3).

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