EP2893404B1 - Timepiece regulating element - Google Patents

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a watch regulator member, comprising at least one rocker oscillating about an oscillation axis and subjected to a return torque exerted by torsion return means.

The invention also relates to a clockwork movement comprising at least one such regulator member, oscillating between a plate and a bridge.

The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one such watch movement.

The invention relates to the field of watch clock mechanisms.

Background of the invention

The losses of a regulating organ directly influence the quality of the running of a watch, as well as its power reserve.

The regulating organ is traditionally sensitive to the different vertical or horizontal positions of the watch, and the differences between the flat / hung positions are often important.

Various attempts have been made in the past to eliminate the hairspring, most of the time in static applications such as clocks or counters for fluid consumption.

The document GB 616 969 A CLEMEN JORGENSEN describes a static application of a pendulum less sensitive to shocks, and can be moved without hindrance. For this purpose the return member of the regulating member is constituted by a torsion wire anchored at both ends and carrying a rocker in the middle, the wire being in the vertical of the place. The tension of the thread is achieved by the elasticity of its end supports. The useful length of the wire is limited at one of its ends by a fork adjustable in position, whose point of contact with the wire determines this useful length. The support of the fork can be a bimetallic, to achieve temperature compensation.

Two documents: US 3 635 013 TO BERTSCH HANNS , and DE 251 558 C BRUNO KRAUSZE , also describe torsion tube regulators, or torsion wires mounted in parallel, or single twist wire.

The document US 5,772,803 A PEKER ATAKAN discloses a spring made of an amorphous metal alloy, such as coil spring, torsion bar, torsion tube, not particularly intended for a watch application.

Documents describe metal glass springs having a curvature: EP 2 133 756 A2 ROLEX SA , describes a method for shaping a barrel spring formed of a monolithic ribbon of metal glass, according to which one calculates the free theoretical form to be given to this monolithic ribbon of metal glass so that each segment, once the spring armed in the barrel, is subjected to the maximum bending moment, this ribbon is shaped by giving it curvatures, characteristic of this free theoretical form, to take into account a decrease in curvatures once the ribbon released, is performed the relaxation of the ribbon to fix its shape by heating it, and this ribbon is cooled. This ROLEX document focuses on the case of a barrel spring with a thickness greater than 50 micrometers. The other document WO2011 / 069273 A1 ROLEX SA discloses a method for manufacturing a spring for a timepiece, of similar size, comprising at least one monolithic metal glass ribbon comprising at least one curvature, this method comprising a step of forming by plastic deformation of said monolithic ribbon so to obtain at least a portion of said curvature. The document EP 2 154 581 A1 ROLEX SA discloses a monolithic metal glass barrel spring with a thickness greater than 40 microns.

Summary of the invention

The invention seeks to improve the efficiency of the regulator, by reducing losses, in all positions of a watch.

In particular it is a question of limiting the friction, which should not be greater in a horizontal position of the watch, than in a vertical position.

And, especially, in the case of a high-frequency wristwatch, that is to say with an oscillator frequency greater than or equal to 5 Hz.

Also, the invention proposes to eliminate the main source of friction constituted by the pivots, which can be estimated to be responsible for at least 90% of the friction in an oscillator.

The invention proposes, further, to reduce as much as possible the number of components in an oscillator.

For this purpose, the invention relates to a watch regulator member, comprising at least one balance oscillating about an oscillation axis and subjected to a restoring torque exerted by torsion return means, characterized in that said less a rocker comprises fastening means making it integral in oscillation with a torsion wire which constitutes said torsion-return means suitable for said at least one rocker, in that the largest dimension of the cross-section of the useful part of said torsion thread which is stressed in torsion is less than 100 micrometers, in that the smallest dimension of the cross-section of said useful part is less than 50 micrometers, the total length of said torsion wire is less than 6 millimeters, and said regulating member comprises means for tensioning said at least one torsion wire, and in that said torsion wire has a modulus of elasticity greater than 100 GPa, and an elastic limit greater than 2000 MPa.

• la génération du couple de rappel du balancier, en remplacement du spiral classique ;
• la suspension du balancier.

The use of an appropriate twist wire offers the advantage of fulfilling a dual function:

• the generation of the balance wheel return torque, replacing the conventional balance spring;
• suspension of the balance.

According to one characteristic of the invention, said balance comprises, on either side of said fixing means along said axis of oscillation, first and second means for limiting the radial clearance between said twist wire and said balance .

According to a feature of the invention, said torsion wire comprises, to avoid any harmful bending mode, at least one intermediate plate of greater cross-section than the useful strands of said torsion wire working in torsion, said intermediate plate being fixed at the level of said at least one balance.

According to a characteristic of the invention, said torsion wire is at least partially amorphous alloy composed solely of zirconium, titanium, copper, nickel and beryllium, and comprising between 41 and 44% by weight of zirconium, between 11 and 14% by weight of titanium, between 9 and 13% by weight of copper, between 10 and 11% by weight of nickel, and between 22 and 25% by mass of beryllium.

The invention also relates to a watch movement comprising at least one such regulating member, oscillating between a plate and a bridge, characterized in that it comprises, for the embedding of said twist wire, means for anchoring said member regulator constituted by first anchoring means to said bridge and by second anchoring means to said plate, and which together define said axis of oscillation of said regulating member.

According to a characteristic of the invention, said movement comprises means for adjusting the tension of said torsion wire by adjusting the distance between said bridge and said plate.

The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one such watch movement, characterized in that it is a watch, and in that said regulating member oscillates at a frequency greater than or equal to 5 Hz.

Brief description of the drawings

• la figure 1 représente, de façon schématisée, en coupe dans un plan passant par l'axe d'oscillation du balancier, un organe régulateur à fil de torsion selon l'invention ;
• la figure 2 représente, de façon schématisée et similaire à la figure 1, un détail d'une pièce d'horlogerie, au niveau d'un mouvement comportant un organe régulateur selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 3 illustre, de façon schématisée, une variante monobloc de l'invention, avec un bâti formant cadre maintenant tendu un fil de torsion portant un balancier réalisé sous forme d'une poutre ;
• la figure 4 est une variante de la figure 3, comportant des moyens de réglage de tension du fil de torsion ;
• la figure 5 est une vue en plan d'une variante particulière de réalisation du fil de torsion, qui comporte une plaque intermédiaire, et qui est réalisée à partir d'une ébauche représentée à la figure 6 ;
• la figure 7 représente, de façon schématisée et en perspective, un arbre de balancier monté sur la plaque intermédiaire du fil de torsion de la figure 5, et la figure 7A est une coupe selon un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe d'oscillation, passant par cette plaque intermédiaire et par un arbre de balancier ;
• la figure 8 représente, de façon similaire à la figure 2, un détail d'un mouvement comportant un organe régulateur selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ; cet organe régulateur est représenté avec une partie d'un outillage amovible de mise en place d'un module équipé comportant le fil de torsion porteur d'un balancier en partie médiane, et de moyens d'ancrage à ses deux extrémités ;
• la figure 9 représente, en vue de dessus, le mécanisme de la figure 8, dans un mode particulier de réalisation comportant des moyens de réglage angulaire au repère ; cet organe régulateur est représenté avec le même outillage de mise en place du même module équipé, et avec un autre outillage amovible constitué par une vis de maintien provisoire pour l'assemblage initial ; la figure 9A est une vue similaire, partielle, sans représentation des parties cachées ;
• la figure 10 représente, de façon schématisée et en perspective, une partie centrale de moyens d'ancrage du fil de torsion, constituée par une pince, dans laquelle sont représentées, en trait interrompu, une plaque d'extrémité que comporte un fil de torsion selon la figure 5 insérée dans une première fente parallèle à l'axe, ainsi qu'une goupille traversant un alésage de cette plaque d'extrémité et montée en appui sur un vé au débouché d'une deuxième fente parallèle à l'axe et orthogonale à la première fente ;
• la figure 11 représente, de façon schématisée et de façon similaire à la figure 9, un détail des moyens d'ancrage du fil de torsion, qui comportent la pince de la figure 10, maintenue enserrée dans une douille concentrique, cette douille comportant des encoches d'indexage angulaire avec lesquelles coopèrent des becs d'une lame d'orientation et de maintien ;
• la figure 12 représente, de façon schématisée et en perspective, un levier de réglage, également visible sur la figure 8, permettant d'appliquer un déplacement micrométrique à la pince de la figure 10 par réduction d'un déplacement imprimé par une vis à une extrémité de ce levier de réglage ; ce levier de réglage comporte, au voisinage immédiat d'un point fixe de fixation sur un pont, une zone de section réduite conférant à ce levier de réglage une élasticité suffisante ;
• la figure 13 représente, sous forme d'un schéma-blocs, une montre comportant un mouvement comportant lui-même un organe régulateur selon l'invention.

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

• the figure 1 represents schematically, in section in a plane passing through the axis of oscillation of the balance, a torsion wire regulating member according to the invention;
• the figure 2 represents, schematically and similar to the figure 1 a detail of a timepiece, at a movement comprising a regulating member according to a first embodiment of the invention;
• the figure 3 illustrates, schematically, a monobloc variant of the invention, with a frame frame now stretched a torsion wire carrying a beam made in the form of a beam;
• the figure 4 is a variant of the figure 3 , comprising means for adjusting the tension of the torsion thread;
• the figure 5 is a plan view of a particular embodiment of the twist wire, which comprises an intermediate plate, and which is made from a blank shown in FIG. figure 6 ;
• the figure 7 represents schematically and in perspective, a balance shaft mounted on the intermediate plate of the torsion wire of the figure 5 , and the Figure 7A is a section on a plane perpendicular to the axis of oscillation, passing through the intermediate plate and a balance shaft;
• the figure 8 represents, similarly to the figure 2 a detail of a movement comprising a regulating member according to a second embodiment of the invention; this regulator member is shown with a part of a removable tool for setting up an equipped module comprising the torsion wire carrying a balance in the middle part, and anchoring means at both ends thereof;
• the figure 9 represents, in top view, the mechanism of the figure 8 , in a particular embodiment comprising means of angular adjustment to the reference; this regulating member is represented with the same tooling for setting up the same equipped module, and with another removable tool constituted by a temporary holding screw for the initial assembly; the Figure 9A is a similar, partial view, without representation of the hidden parts;
• the figure 10 schematically shows in perspective a central portion of means for anchoring the torsion wire, constituted by a clamp, in which are represented, in broken lines, an end plate which comprises a twist wire according to the figure 5 inserted in a first slot parallel to the axis, and a pin passing through a bore of this end plate and mounted in abutment on a vee at the outlet of a second slot parallel to the axis and orthogonal to the first slot ;
• the figure 11 represents, schematically and in a similar way to the figure 9 , a detail of the anchoring means of the torsion wire, which comprise the clamp of the figure 10 , held in a concentric bush, this sleeve having angular indexing notches with which cooperate the beaks of an orientation blade and holding;
• the figure 12 represents, schematically and in perspective, a control lever, also visible on the figure 8 , allowing to apply a micrometric displacement to the clamp of the figure 10 by reducing a displacement printed by a screw at one end of this adjustment lever; this adjustment lever comprises, in the immediate vicinity of a fixed attachment point on a bridge, a reduced section area giving this adjustment lever sufficient elasticity;
• the figure 13 represents, in the form of a block diagram, a watch comprising a movement which itself comprises a regulating member according to the invention.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

The invention proposes to improve the performance of the regulating member of a watch.

• les pertes d'un organe régulateur influencent directement la qualité de la marche d'une montre, ainsi que sa réserve de marche . Les pertes sont de trois types : frottement sec (pivots), linéaire (air sur balancier) et quadratique ;
• une part importante de ces pertes est liée à l'existence des pivots ;
• l'organe régulateur est traditionnellement sensible aux différentes positions verticales ou horizontales de la montre, et les différences entre les positions plat/pendu sont souvent importantes.

The problem that the invention proposes to solve is linked to several observations:

• the losses of a regulating organ directly influence the quality of the running of a watch, as well as its power reserve. The losses are of three types: dry friction (pivots), linear (air on balance) and quadratic;
• a large part of these losses is linked to the existence of pivots;
• the regulating organ is traditionally sensitive to the different vertical or horizontal positions of the watch, and the differences between the flat / hung positions are often important.

• d'améliorer le rendement du régulateur, en diminuant les pertes par frottement sec, dans toutes les positions d'une montre ;
• et, tout particulièrement, dans le cas d'une montre-bracelet à haute fréquence, c'est-à-dire avec une fréquence d'oscillateur supérieure ou égale à 5 Hz.

The invention proposes in particular:

• to improve the efficiency of the regulator, by reducing the losses by dry friction, in all the positions of a watch;
• and, in particular, in the case of a high-frequency wristwatch, that is to say with an oscillator frequency greater than or equal to 5 Hz.

• l'amélioration d'un oscillateur classique par l'utilisation d'un spiral en verre métallique ; cette voie fait l'objet de nombreuses recherches par ailleurs, et n'est pas retenue ici ;
• l'utilisation de moyens de rappel en torsion, notamment d'un fil de torsion.

Two ways can be explored:

• the improvement of a conventional oscillator by the use of a metallic glass hairspring; this path is the subject of much research elsewhere, and is not retained here;
• the use of torsion return means, in particular a torsion wire.

In the prior art torsion wire clock mechanisms, generally restricted to pendulums, meter readings of fluids, and artillery rockets, a torsion wire is disposed in the direction of the strongest accelerations in presence, in particular the gravity of gravity in the case of a pendulum. This axial arrangement of the wire relative to the vertical of the place is a constant timepieces devolved to the time display. The known mechanisms are not suitable for the case of a watch, whose orientation in space and with respect to the movements of the user is arbitrary.

For the adaptation of a torsion wire regulator mechanism to a watch, it is therefore necessary to solve both these problems: losses influencing the quality of walking, sensitivity to different positions, improved performance.

The prior art of twist wire pendulums uses metal twist wires, which are sufficient for the applications concerned, and contains no suggestion for the use of other materials.

However the miniaturization imposed by the application specific to regulating bodies of watches does not allow the use of wire or metal plates, because the available length is incompatible with the exercise of a sufficient pair of booster, It is then necessary to put at the point a torsion wire with one or more useful parts (biased to exert an elastic return torque) of very short lengths, compatible with the thickness of a watch movement. The total length LT of the twisting wire to be used is a few millimeters, preferably less than 6 millimeters, and less than 5 millimeters in the embodiment described here, and the useful length LV of the twisting wire is even lower, this useful length LV may result from the accumulation of several primary useful lengths of sections of the torsion wire, as will be seen later. The useful length of each section working in torsion is then necessarily very small, typically between 2 and 4 millimeters, and the cross sections will be of the order of a few microns, typically between 20 and 40 microns. And the problem of the invention consists, not only in defining a material capable of producing such a twist wire, but also in developing a shape that is achievable by reliable and reproducible industrial manufacturing processes, which is particularly delicate in a field of micro-technologies, and with materials not particularly designed for watchmaking.

• micrométrique ;
• dont le matériau a un module d'élasticité supérieur à 100 GPa, et une limite élastique supérieure à 2000 MPa.

Only a long experiment, against prejudices, makes it possible to define thresholds of modulus of elasticity and elastic limit, and the development of a wire of torsion:

• micrometric;
• whose material has a modulus of elasticity greater than 100 GPa, and a yield strength greater than 2000 MPa.

While new materials from "MEMS", "LIGA", and amorphous materials have been tested to date for the improvement of components on traditional spring-coil architectures, they have not been tested on architectures less prevalent in watchmaking, such as the case in point.

The invention thus relates to a clock control member 1, comprising at least one rocker 2, which rocker 2 oscillates about an oscillation axis D and is subjected to a restoring torque exerted by torsion return means 4 alternatively in both directions of oscillation.

Preferably, this regulator member 1 is designed for a watch, in particular a wristwatch, which imposes particular constraints of size and resistance to acceleration.

This balance 2 can be achieved without limitation in different forms: disc, annular, provided with weights, or reduced to a simple beam.

The invention proposes to eliminate the pivots, responsible for at least 90% of the friction in an oscillator. The friction torque of a pivot is proportional to the radius of this pivot. A large radius causes great losses in vertical. Also it is necessary to reduce, if using a conventional pivot, the radius below a very small value, close to 0.050 mm.

According to the invention, this at least one rocker 2 comprises fastening means 10 making it integral in oscillation with at least one torsion wire 5. This torsion wire 5 constitutes said torsion return means 4 specific to this at least a pendulum 2. The use of such a torsion wire 5 makes a pendulum shaft unnecessary, and thus eliminates the pivots.

The present description discloses only exemplary embodiments having a single twist wire. Naturally, it is possible, without departing from the invention, to combine several twist wires, or in series with each other, and / or in parallel with each other.

In the same way, the exemplary embodiments illustrated comprise only a single pendulum. In case of juxtaposition of several pendulums, these can be connected rigidly or by an intermediate section of the same twist wire, this intermediate section may or may not be useful in torsion.

And this twist yarn 5 has, preferably, a modulus of elasticity greater than 100 GPa, and preferably greater than 120 GPa, and a yield strength greater than 2000 MPa. These characteristics specific to the torsion wire (modulus of elasticity greater than 100 GPa, and yield strength greater than 2000 MPa) result from a long experiment, delicate because of the difficulties of elaboration and the very small micrometric dimensioning of the torsion wire 5, and constitute a particular characteristic of a wire used in a particular regulator. Here, the term "micrometric dimensioning" refers to the dimensioning of a wire whose largest dimension of the cross-section of the useful part (as will be called hereinafter the part of the wire which is stressed in torsion) is a few micrometers or less. a few tens of micrometers, and in any case less than 100 micrometers, and whose smallest dimension of the cross section of the useful part is a few micrometers or a few tens of micrometers, and in any case less than 50 micrometers.

The use of such a twisting wire is a good alternative to the usual pivot, its dimensions can be very small, especially the largest dimension of its cross section of the useful part is preferably less than 0.040 mm, a value at radius less than 0.020 mm.

The choice of a large elastic modulus ensures a good rigidity of the torsion wire, and conditions its quality of support in suspension of the pendulum. The geometry of such a torsion wire ensures, in addition, the axiality of the balance. Proper tensioning of the torsion wire ensures equal tension on both sides of the balance.

The choice of high elastic modulus and high yield ranges inevitably restricts the choice of employable materials.

The use of a metal glass is here quite appropriate, it allows, again, to obtain a sufficient angular amplitude for the balance, or about 100 °, distributed between about: 50 ° for cooperation with the wheel of exhaust, and 50 ° for the inputs / outputs of the maintenance system.

It is also possible to use a twist wire with lower characteristics than the preferred ones mentioned above. In any case, the module elasticity must be greater than 60 GPa, and the yield strength greater than 1000 MPa.

The ratio between the modulus of elasticity and the upper elastic limit is advantageously between 40 and 80, and preferably close to 60.

The ratio between the free length LL of the torsion wire 5, that is to say the length over which it is not impeded and can twist and vibrate freely, and the largest dimension LG of the cross section of its useful part is advantageously between 80 and 150, and preferably close to 115.

For a good operating efficiency of the torsion wire 5, the regulating member 1 comprises tensioning means 400 of the torsion wire 5. In preferred embodiments, as explained below, the regulating member 1 further comprises means voltage adjusting means 20 of the tension of the torsion wire 5, which are arranged to act on these tensioning means 400.

In a particular embodiment, and not limiting, visible to the figure 2 , a first embodiment of the invention, the balance 2 comprises a serge 29 making flywheel, which is integral in oscillation of a balance shaft 3. This shaft 3 is tubular, so as to allow the through the torsion wire 5, and comprises a first bore 31 and a second bore 32, separated by a narrowed sectional area, for example at a shoulder 33, as visible on the figure 2 . In an economic variant embodiment, the first bore 31 and the second bore 32 are of different diameters and the shoulder 33 is constituted simply by the surface which joins to one another. The fastening means 10 may consist, in a non-limiting manner, of connecting element 6 fixed to the torsion wire 5, by crimping, pinching, driving, gluing, brazing, welding, or other suitable process ensuring sufficient strength to withstand the torque maximum in service and at high accelerations, typically of the order of 5000g, occurring during possible shocks on the timepiece accommodating the regulating member 1. For example, the connecting element 6 has a passage 61 for the wire 5, and at which the latter is immobilized, and it further comprises a support 63 arranged to cooperate in abutment abutment on the shoulder 33.

In another variant, the connecting element 6 is not pre-crimped on the torsion wire 5, it is only after threading the wire 5 in the bore of the shaft 3 and proper positioning.

To limit the relative fretting between this beam 2 and the torsion wire 5 associated with it, in particular during a lateral bending of the torsion wire 5, the balance 2 advantageously comprises, on either side, means of rotation. fixation 10 along the axis of oscillation D, first 15 and second means for limiting the radial clearance between the torsion wire 5 and the balance 2.

In a variant that is not illustrated, means of limitation of frolicking can equip a movement 100, at the level of a plate 7 and a bridge 8, between which oscillates the balance 2, in place of these first 15 and the second ones16. means for limiting the radial clearance between the torsion wire 5 and the balance 2, or in addition to these.

In this same example of the first embodiment of the figure 2 the first and second limiting means are constituted by stones having a passage corresponding to the diameter of the largest radial dimension of the torsion wire 5. Thus, in an advantageous case, where the torsion wire 5 is, at least in its useful part, of rectangular cross section (or square cross section which is a special case of the rectangular cross section), these stones each comprise a bore of diameter slightly greater than the diagonal of the cross section of the torsion wire , a value which is preferably within a range diagonally of the cross section of the twisting wire, and, in a particular embodiment, greater than or equal to 10 micrometers.

To obtain a high modulus of elasticity, in particular transverse, and thus allow a better efficiency of the regulator, it is necessary to choose a material which allows, for a given torsion torque, to have an amplitude of elastic deformation greater than that which could be obtained with a conventional thread made of crystalline material, and thus which makes it possible to increase the amplitude of the balance 2, and the quality factor of the regulator 1.

Thus, in a first variant, the torsion wire 5 is made of metal glass, or else at least partially amorphous alloy composed solely of zirconium, titanium, copper, nickel and beryllium, and comprising between 41 and 44% by mass of zirconium, between 11 and 14% by weight of titanium, between 9 and 13% by weight of copper, between 10 and 11% by weight of nickel, between 22 and 25% by mass of beryllium.

In a particular application of this first variant, the torsion wire 5 is in "LM1b" of "Liquidmetal", a material which has a Young's modulus of 98 GPa and a yield strength of 1700 MPa. This metal glass has the advantage of combining high values of modulus of elasticity and yield strength.

In another particular application of this first variant, the twist wire 5 is made of "Liquidmetal" © "LM10" metal glass.

In a second variant, the torsion wire 5 is made of metal glass, or else at least partially amorphous alloy comprising 75.44% by weight of nickel, 13% of chromium, 4.2% of iron, 4.5% by weight silicon, 0.06% carbon, 2.8% boron.

In a particular application of this second variant, the torsion wire 5 is made of "Metglas®" metal glass of reference "MBF20". The Young's modulus of "MBF20" is close to 140 GPa and its elastic limit is about 2500 MPa.

In these first and second variants, a torsion wire 5 with a total effective length LT of 4.2 mm, with a cross section of the useful portion of 37 × 20 microns gives good isochronism results for a 5 Hz oscillator, with a pendulum with an inertia of 12 mg.cm2.

In yet another variant, the torsion wire 5 is made of silicon and / or silicon oxide.

In yet another variant, the torsion wire 5 is made of monocrystalline diamond or polycrystalline diamond.

The achievements with twist wire made of micro-machinable material also make it possible to achieve, as visible on the figure 3 , a one-piece cage made of silicon or the like, with adjustment of the tension at an anchor of the torsion wire 5. The complete frame 40 can be made, preferably in one piece, of silicon or the like. This frame 40 comprises a rigid frame 41, in which is stretched the torsion wire 5, the rocker 2 is here made in the form of a beam. The figure 4 shows a variant comprising tension adjustment means 20 of the torsion thread 5, made for example in the form of an eccentric 43 or wedge inserted in a slot 42, or the like.

The movement 100 may comprise a plurality of voltage adjusting means 20, in particular two, distributed substantially symmetrically with respect to the oscillation axis D, so as to move the bridge 8 parallel to the plate 7; failing this, guidance on columns can make it possible to guarantee this parallelism with a single voltage adjusting screw 22.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the torsion wire 5 is, at least in its useful part, rectangular or square cross section. A square cross section, more particularly, ensures the same behavior of the regulating member in all positions of the timepiece that incorporates it. For example, the useful, active portion of the twist wire 5 may have a square cross-section of 30 microns in metal glass, or 27 microns in silicon.

Naturally, if this choice of cross-sectional shape is dictated by the constraints of realization (the shaping of the materials selected above being particularly delicate in these small dimensions), and by obtaining good performances, other profiles can be implemented: triangle, hexagon, polygon, circle, ellipse, or other. But the difficulty of producing a micrometric twisting wire, as defined above, is such that the reliable and repetitive development of the torsion wire is a problem in itself, and the choice of cross-sectional profiles of complex realization. only makes the problem of repetitive realization more difficult to solve.

Preferably, the material of the torsion wire 5 is chosen, such that this torsion wire 5 has a modulus of elasticity, in particular transverse in a direction perpendicular to this oscillation axis D, greater than 100 GPa, and preferably greater at 120 GPa. This condition is achieved with an elaboration in an at least partially amorphous alloy described above, or "Liquidmetal ©" metallic glass of reference "LM1 b", or "Metglas®" metallic glass of reference "MBF20".

The regulating member 1 preferably comprises, for the embedding of the torsion wire 5, and for constituting the tensioning means 400 of the torsion wire 5, anchoring means 30 of the regulating member 1. These means of anchoring 30 comprise: at a first end of the torsion wire 5 first anchoring means 301, or / and, at a second end of the torsion wire 5 opposite to the first, second anchoring means 302. These first means anchoring device 301 and these second anchoring means 302 together define the oscillation axis D of the regulating member 1.

The invention also relates to a clockwork movement 100 comprising at least one such regulator member 1, oscillating between a plate 7 and a bridge 8.

Preferably, this movement 100 comprises, for the embedding of the torsion wire 5, and to constitute the tensioning means 400 of the torsion wire 5, such anchoring means 30 of the regulating member 1. The first means of 301 are fixed to the bridge 8, and the second anchoring means 302 are fixed to the plate 7.

In a non-limiting exemplary embodiment of the first embodiment of the figure 2 , the first anchoring means 301 of the torsion wire 5 to the bridge 8 comprise a first clamp 11, in particular a split clamp comprising a slot 114 for the passage of the torsion wire 5. This first clamp 11 comprises a bearing face 111 , facing towards the rocker 2, and which is arranged to bear on a complementary bearing face 91 that the bridge 8 comprises, or, as shown in FIG. figure 2 , an orientable support 9 attached to this bridge 8.

This orientable support 9 is preferably, but not exclusively, driven onto deck 8 with sufficient friction to hold it in position. It is steerable like a bolt carrier, allowing fine adjustment of the alignment of the pins of the plate pin, the fork, and the exhaust line. This orientable support can, still, be maintained in its angularly adjusted position by holding means, not shown in the figure. The figure 2 represents the orientable support 9 provided with a shoulder 93 cooperating in abutment with an upper surface 89 of the bridge 8. Naturally, it is possible, in an alternative embodiment, to give the support 9 a longitudinal stroke along the axis D, so as to constitute at the same time the voltage adjustment means 20, in an embodiment with a gun for example. The first clamp 11 further comprises a male cone 113, which cooperates with a female cone 123, open towards the balance 2, and comprises a first bushing 12. This first bushing 12 comprises a thread 122, which cooperates with a thread 92 of the carrier orientable 9. When screwing on the first bushing 12, the first clamp 11 encloses the torsion wire 5 and immobilizes its end, while the bearing face 111 of the first clamp 11 bears against the face of the complementary support 91.

In a similar and substantially symmetrical manner, the second anchoring means 302 of the torsion wire 5 to the plate 7 comprise a second clamp 13, in particular a split clamp comprising a slot 134 for the passage of the torsion wire 5. This second clamp 13 has a bearing face 131, facing the balance 2, and which is arranged to bear on a complementary bearing face 71 that comprises, on this side, directly the plate 7. The second clamp 13 further comprises a cone male 133, which cooperates with a female cone 143, open towards the balance 2, and that comprises a second sleeve 14. This second sleeve 14 has a thread 142, which cooperates with a thread 72 of the plate 7. When screwing the second bushing 14, the second clamp 13 encloses the torsion wire 5 and immobilizes its end, at the same time as the bearing face 131 of the second clamp 13 bears on the complementary bearing face 71.

In another variant, at one end of the wire 5, material is melted around the wire 5 so as to form an outgrowth, which is stopped when pulling the wire at its opposite end, at a conical crucible or a spherical bowl, or the like, blocking this outgrowth.

In yet another variant, the anchoring of the torsion wire 5 is performed by crimping.

These anchoring variants of the torsion wire are not limiting.

Thus, the torsion wire 5, provided with fixing means 10 fixed in position, is introduced into the shaft 3 of the balance 2, which is provided with its serge 29, its trays and dowels. The wire 5 is pulled in abutment abutment between the bearing surface 63 and the shoulder 33. A second end of the torsion wire 5, on the side of the plate 7, is introduced into the second clamp 13, and tightened in position, thanks to the second sleeve 14. A first end of the wire 5, the side of the bridge 8, is introduced into the first clamp 11, and pre-tightened in position, thanks to the first sleeve 12. The action on the first bushing 12 and the second bushing 14 make it possible to adjust the lug, on the side of the plate 7, of the rocker 2 relative to this plate 7 and to the components that it carries, as well as to ensure pretraction of the wire 5.

In a particular variant, as visible on the figure 2 , the regulating member 1 further comprises anti-shock means 34 limiting the radial displacement of the shaft 3. These shock-absorbing means 34 constitute a safety Incabloc type and can be multiple, arranged at different levels of the shaft 3 in the direction D, and be made in the form of a stone, or magnetic or / and electrostatic repulsion means of an antagonistic surface 35 3. Such means 34 may advantageously be located at the level of the first 15 and second means for limiting the radial clearance of the torsion wire 5.

The traction of the torsion thread 5, and the adjustment of the play of the balance 2 with respect to the bridge 7 and the components carried by the latter, are advantageously effected by means of an auxiliary device: the watch movement 100 then comprises means 20 for adjusting the tension of the torsion thread 5 by adjusting the distance between the bridge 8 and another component, namely the plate 7, or a blade in flexion (especially at the level of at least one of the anchors 301). or 302) to perform this adjustment, or the like.

In a variant not shown, the voltage adjustment is performed by at least one spring.

As visible on the figure 2 , in a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, these voltage adjusting means 20 comprise a threaded bushing 23 which cooperates in a complementary manner with a tapping 74 of the plate 7. At least one screw 22 cooperating with a nut 5 integral with the plate 7 is arranged to push the bridge 8 to the plate 7, bearing on the sleeve 23 in its adjustment position. This screw 22 cooperates, by a thread 221 that it comprises, with a tapping 251 of a nut 25, which is driven into a housing 77 of the plate 7, or which is an integral part thereof. This screw 22 is concentric with a threaded bush 23, a thread 24 cooperates complementary to a tapping 74 of the plate 7. The sleeve 23 tends to move away from the plate 7 under the action of a biasing means elastic 21, such as conical spring, Belleville washer, Schnorr washer, or the like, bearing both on a bearing face 76 of the plate 7 and on a bearing face 232 of the sleeve 23, which has a flange 233 arranged to exert a thrust on a support surface 1 of the bridge 8. After an altitude adjustment of the sleeve 23, bridge 8 removed, by the operator performing the tension adjustment of the torsion wire 5, this operator puts in place the bridge, and inserts the screw 22. When screwing the screw 22 in the nut 5, a lower surface 225 of the head of the screw 22 bears on an upper bearing face 82 of the bridge 8, a lower bearing surface 81 of the bridge 8 cooperates in support with an upper bearing surface 231 of the sleeve 23. The position of the bridge 8 determines the tension of the thread 5. The adjustment limit is given by an upper surface 78 of the plate 7 and a lower surface 88 of the bridge 8.

Preferably, the tension in the torsion wire is greater than 0.1 N. It is indeed necessary to guarantee the voltage with less than 5 micrometers of displacement in vertical.

Preferably, the adjustments are made so that the maximum bending supportable vertical position is less than or equal to 5 micrometers.

The torsion return means 4 work in torsion, but are also subjected to bending, under the effect of the couples printed by the pendulum, or by the movement and transmitted by the pendulum. It is preferable to minimize flexural deformations, and to ensure that these torsion return means 4, especially when they are constituted by a torsion wire 5, do not include a vibration belly at the level of the attachment of the balance 2 Also, to avoid any harmful mode of bending, the torsion wire 5 comprises, in an advantageous embodiment visible on the Figures 5, 7 , 8 , 10, and 11 at least one intermediate plate 53. This intermediate plate 53 is of greater cross-section to the useful strands 51, 52, of the torsion wire 5 working in torsion, described below. This intermediate plate 53 is located at the attachment of the balance 2 preferably in the middle of the torsion wire 5, or at each balance 2 if there are several. This removes the value of the eigenmodes in bending (natural frequency of the order of 600 Hz, compared to 5 to 10 Hz of the oscillator). This intermediate plate 53 allows, again, a reinforced attachment of the balance 2.

The figure 5 illustrates such a torsion wire 5, in an advantageous embodiment where the torsion wire comprises such an intermediate plate 53 between two strands 51 and 52. These strands 51 and 52 each constitute a free portion in torsion. Preferably, the torsion wire 5 comprises, at the ends of these strands 51 and 52 opposite to the intermediate plate 53, end plates 54 and 56, in particular provided with bores or lights 55 and 57, for anchoring. torsion wire 5 and maintaining it in tension. It is understood that the useful part of the torsion wire 5 is then constituted by the strand 51 and the strand 52. The intermediate plates 53 and end plates 54 and 56 are intended to be embedded in grippers. maintenance, or to be secured by any means (welding, bonding, or other) with fastening elements to the various components of the regulating member 1 concerned. The total useful length LU is here the sum of the useful lengths LU1 and LU2 of the strands 51 and 52.

The major difficulties of implementation of the invention consist in the realization of the micrometric torsion wire 5, extremely delicate in the materials mentioned above, in particular the metal glass which gives very good functional results, and in its assembly in the regulating member 1 without damaging it. A good solution is visible at the figure 6 , and resides in the use of a blank 50, constituted more rigidly than the finished torsion wire 5, so as to allow its manipulation by an operator or by a robotic manipulator, and its insertion into the oscillator. This blank comprises breakable stiffeners 58, possibly delimited by fragile zones 59. These breakable stiffeners 58 are broken after assembly and removed from the mechanism. In the particular and non-limiting variant illustrated by the figure 6 these stiffeners 58 are parallel to the strands 51 and 52 of the torsion wire 5, and on both sides thereof.

The figure 7 represents a rocker shaft 3 mounted on the intermediate plate 53 of the torsion wire 5 of the figure 5 . This shaft 3 may advantageously be in several concentric parts: a central portion comprising at least one housing 36 for receiving the intermediate plate 53, this central portion may include a pin housing for the axial positioning of the balance relative to the wire, if the intermediate portion 53 also comprises a housing for such a pin; this central part may be constituted as a clamp, thanks to at least one elastic slot, and be gripped by a bushing constituting a peripheral portion of this shaft 3 and immobilizing the clamp with clamping, and thus immobilizing the intermediate portion 53 of the wire 5. The housing 36 may take the form of a groove with parallel faces, or, as visible on the figures 7 and 7A , a female square profile implantation, or similar, and preferably this housing 36 has at least one slot or the like, not shown in the figures, giving it an elasticity to maintain the torsion wire 5 without hurting it this.

Alternatively, the intermediate plate 53 is driven into a square or rectangular cross-section housing of the shaft 3, and held by gluing or the like.

The Figures 8 to 12 illustrate a second embodiment, of uncomplicated embodiment and allowing a module pre-assembly. This second embodiment incorporates the torsion wire characteristics set forth above. The regulating member 1 according to this second mode comprises at least one adjusting lever 75, 85 for the adjustment in traction of at least one of the end anchors 301, 302, of the torsion thread 5 constituting the adjustment means voltage 20.

The figure 8 shows first anchoring means 301 for gripping an end plate 54 of the torsion wire 5 of the figure 5 , and voltage adjusting means. The first anchoring means 301 comprise a clamp 11 tightened by a bushing 110. figure 10 shows this clamp 11 in which are shown, in broken lines, an end plate 54 that comprises a torsion wire 5 according to the figure 5 inserted into a first slot 115 parallel to the axis, and a pin 117 passing through a bore 55 of this end plate 54 and mounted to bear on a vee 116 at the outlet of a second slot 113 parallel to the axis D and orthogonal to the first slot 115. The clamp 11 comprises an axial passage 114 for threading the torsion wire 5. The first anchoring means 301 further comprise a bushing 110 concentric with the clamp 11, visible on the figures 8 and 11 , and enclosing the clamp 11. This bushing 110 has angular indexing notches 112, with which cooperating nibs 830 of an orientation and holding blade 83, visible on the figures 8 , 9 and 11 , and fixed to the bridge 8 by a screw 801.

Similarly, the second anchoring means 302 comprise a clamp 13 clamped in a sleeve 130, held angularly by the spouts 730 of a blade 73 fixed to the plate 7 by a screw 701.

The figure 8 shows the tension adjusting means 20 of the torsion yarn tension 5 of this second embodiment. These means 20 comprise at least one adjustment lever 85 on the bridge side, and / or a control lever 75 on the platen side, each acting in abutment on the bushing 11, 13, respectively, to modify its position.

The figure 12 illustrates such an adjustment lever 85, which makes it possible to apply a micrometric displacement to the clamp 11 by reducing a printed displacement by a screw 45, passing through the bridge 8, at a tapping 850, which comprises the adjustment lever 85, along an axis D2 at one end of the adjustment lever 85. The end 453 of this screw 45 comes into on a candle 44 fixed to the plate 7. This adjustment lever 85 comprises at least, in the immediate vicinity of fixed fixing points by screws 851 passing through bores 852 along axes D1 and engaged with the bridge 8, a reduced section area 854, such as a groove, giving this adjustment lever 85 sufficient elasticity. Under the action of the adjusting screw at the tapping 850, an arm 853, or both arms 853 in the configuration illustrated here, presses on the sleeve 11 and allows a fine adjustment of the traction of the torsion wire 5.

A similar mechanism exists on the side of the plate 7, with a control lever 75 comprising a tapping 750 along an axis D4 cooperating with a screw 702 passing through the plate 7. The adjustment lever 75 comprises at least in the immediate vicinity of fixed points fixing by screws 751 passing through bores 752 along axes D3 and engaged with plate 7, a reduced section area 754.

The reduction ratio of the lever 85 on the bridge side is equal to A2 / A1, A2 being the distance between the axes D1 and D2, and A1 the distance between the axes D1 and D.

The reduction ratio of the lever 75 platinum side is equal to A4 / A3, A4 is the distance between the axes D3 and D4, and A3 the distance between the axes D3 and D.

The tensile force applied to the yarn 5 is about 0.5N per side. Preferably, the platen-side lever 75 provides prestressing, and the bridge-side lever 85 allows for fine adjustment (and frequency adjustment).

In a particular embodiment, as illustrated by the figures, the reduction ratios are different from the bridge side and the platinum side.

In a particular embodiment, in the vicinity of the two ends of the torsion wire 5, the materials chosen for the lever 85 on the bridge side, and for the lever 75 on the platinum side, have different coefficients of thermal expansion.

Moreover, figure 8 shows another means of thermal compensation, achieved by the interposition of a candle 44 between firstly the plate 7, respectively the bridge 8, and secondly the opposite adjusting lever 85, respectively 75, the expansion of this candle 44 coming, thus, change the position of the lever 85 or 75 concerned, and, therefore, correct the support on the sleeve 11, 13, corresponding, and the tension of the thread 5, In the variant illustrated by the figures, this candle 44 is embedded in the plate 7 at a countersink 452. This candle 44 is the one on which bears 453 end of the screw 45 for adjusting the lever 85. The lower surface 451 of the head of this screw 45 is distant from a counterbore 8A of the bridge 8, with a clearance J. The choice of the material of the candle 44 allows compensation of the thermal effect, the expansion of this candle 44 modifying the bearing position of the end 453, and thus the position of the adjustment lever 85 and the support on the clamp 11.

The invention allows the realization of an independent module equipped 300, comprising the torsion wire 5 carrying at least one balance 2 in the middle part, and anchoring means 301 and 302 at both ends. The first anchoring means 301 serve as a recess at the end of a first useful strand 51 of the torsion wire 5, and the second anchoring means 302 serve as a recess at the end of a second useful strand. 52 of the torsion wire 5, the first useful strand 51 and the second useful strand 52 being on either side of the at least one rocker 2.

The figure 8 is still a part of a removable tool 401 for setting up such a module 300 equipped. The sleeve 110 has a groove 111 with which cooperates a lip 87 of this tool 401. In the same way, a lip 77 of the tool 401 can cooperate with a groove 131 of the sleeve 130 enclosing the clamp 13 of the second anchoring means 302. In a particular configuration illustrated by the figures 8 and 9 , the plate 7 and the bridge 8 are each configured with a lateral opening to allow the lateral insertion of such a module equipped, the range of the sockets 110 and 130 being on a half-cylinder in this particular variant. The spouts 87 and 77 serve as a fork to allow this insertion and positioning, it suffices, then, to perform the adjustment in traction by the adjustment levers 85 and 75, and perform the angular indexing by the blades 83 and 73.

The figure 9 shows another removable tool 402 constituted by two temporary holding screws in theoretical angular position for the initial assembly. Each screw makes it possible to spread the nozzles 830, 730, of the blade 83, 73, concerned, during the insertion of the module, the disassembly of each screw releases the corresponding nozzles and allows the angular indexing.

The figure 9 illustrates, more particularly, a variant with angular indexing at the marker. The arm 83 is held by the screw 801, not at level of a bore, but a light 831, and the screw 801 limits the angular movement of the blade 83 according to the angle α. This allows the fine adjustment of the alignment of the pins of the plate pin, the fork, and the exhaust line.

In an advantageous variant visible on the figure 8 , the regulating member 1 comprises at least one component, here a candle 44, embedded in a housing 452 of the plate 7, and which elongates at the same time as the torsion return means 4, in particular the torsion wire 5 .

The invention also relates to a timepiece 200 comprising at least one such movement 100 clock. Preferably, this piece 200 is a watch. And especially such a watch 200 is provided with such a regulating member 1, which oscillates at a frequency greater than or equal to 5 Hz, and makes the best use of the advantages of the regulating member 1 with a torsion wire 5 according to the invention .

• la génération du couple de rappel du balancier, en remplacement du spiral classique ;
• la suspension du balancier,

tout en permettant de s'affranchir des pivots.In short, the use of an appropriate twist wire offers the advantage of fulfilling a dual function:

• the generation of the balance wheel return torque, replacing the conventional balance spring;
• suspension of the pendulum,

while allowing to get rid of the pivots.

The torsion pendulum has, in theory, a perfect isochronism, and the solution implemented by the invention provides a satisfactory response to the regularity of the operation of the watch, and this in all positions.

Claims (21)

1. Watch regulating member (1), comprising at least one balance wheel (2) oscillating about an axis of oscillation (D) and subjected to a return torque exerted by torsion return means (4), characterized in that said at least one balance wheel (2) includes means of attachment (10) causing said balance to oscillate integrally with at least one torsion wire (5) which forms said torsion return means (4) specific to said at least one balance wheel (2), and in that the largest dimension of the cross-section of the useful portion (51; 52) of said torsion wire (5) which is subjected to torsion is less than 100 micrometres, in that the smallest dimension of the cross-section of said useful portion (51; 52) is less than 50 micrometres, in that the total length (LT) of said torsion wire (5) is less than 6 millimetres, and in that said regulating member (1) comprises means (400) of tensioning said at least one torsion wire (5), and in that said torsion wire (5) has a modulus of elasticity greater than 100 GPa, and an elastic limit greater than 2000 MPa.
2. Regulating member (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said balance wheel (2) comprises, on either side of said attachment means (10) along said axis of oscillation (D), first (15) and second (16) means of limiting the radial clearance between said torsion wire (5) and said balance wheel (2).
3. Regulating member (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said torsion wire (5) is of rectangular or square cross-section.
4. Regulating member (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, to avoid any detrimental bending mode, said torsion wire (5) comprises at least one intermediate plate (53) of greater cross-section than the useful strands (51; 52) of said torsion wire (5) working in torsion, said intermediate plate (53) being fixed to said at least one balance wheel (2).
5. Regulating member (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, for operation by said tensioning means (400), said torsion wire (5) comprises, at at least one end thereof, at least one end plate (54; 56) of greater cross-section than the useful strands (51; 52) of said torsion wire (5) working in torsion.
6. Regulating member (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the member forms an independent equipped module (300), comprising said torsion wire (5) carrying said at least one balance wheel (2) in the median part thereof, and first anchoring means (301) and second anchoring means (302) at the two ends thereof, said first anchoring means (301) being used for embedding the end of a first useful strand (51) of said torsion wire (5), and said second anchoring means (302) being used for embedding the end of a second useful strand (52) of said torsion wire (5), said first useful strand (51) and said second useful strand (52) being on either side of said at least one balance wheel (2).
7. Regulating member (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said tensioning means (400) include anchoring means (30), which are arranged for embedding said at least one torsion wire (5), and which include, at a first end of said torsion wire (5), first anchoring means (301), and/or at a second end of said torsion wire (5) opposite the first end, second anchoring means (302).
8. Regulating member (1) according to claims 5 and 7, characterized in that said first or second anchoring means (301; 302) comprise a clamp (11; 13) arranged for receiving said end plate (54; 56) and clamping said end plate (54; 56) under the action of a bush (110; 130) concentric to said clamp (11; 13).
9. Regulating member (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the member comprises tension adjustment means (20) arranged to act on said tensioning means (400) to adjust the tension of said torsion wire (5).
10. Regulating member (1) according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that said tension adjustment means (20) are arranged to exert a force on said clamp (11; 13) to adjust the position thereof.
11. Regulating member (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said tension adjustment means (20) comprise at least one adjustment lever (85; 75) arranged to act in abutment on said bush (11; 13) to modify the position thereof, said adjustment lever (85; 75) comprising at least one area of reduced cross-section (854; 754) conferring sufficient elasticity on said adjustment lever (85; 75).
12. Regulating member (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said member comprises a thermal compensation means, formed by the insertion of a small connecting rod (44) between, on the one hand, a plate (7) or respectively a bridge (8), between which plate (7) and bridge (8) is stretched said torsion wire (5), and, on the other hand, said opposite adjustment lever (85; 75), the expansion of said rod (44) modifying the position of said adjustment lever concerned, and, consequently, correcting the pressure on said bush (11; 13) and the tension of said torsion wire (5).
13. Regulating member (1) according to claims 11 or 12, characterized in that said member includes, at each of said two ends of said torsion wire (5), a said adjustment lever (85; 75), which have reduction ratios that are different, to achieve thermal compensation allowing for automatic adjustment of the tension of said torsion wire (5) as a function of temperature.
14. Regulating member (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said member is a one-piece structure (40) that comprises said torsion wire (5), said balance wheel (2), and a rigid frame (41) in which said torsion wire (5) is stretched.
15. Regulating member (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said balance wheel (2) is made in the form of a beam.
16. Regulating member (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said torsion wire (5) is made of an at least partially amorphous alloy formed solely of zirconium, titanium, copper, nickel and beryllium, and comprising in mass percent between 41 and 44% of zirconium, between 11 and 14% of titanium, between 9 and 13 % of copper, between 10 and 11% of nickel, and between 22 and 25% of beryllium.
17. Regulating member (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said torsion wire (5) is made of metallic glass, or an at least partially amorphous alloy comprising in mass percent 75.44% of nickel, 13% of chromium, 4.2% of iron, 4.5% of silicon, 0.06% of carbon and 2.8% of boron.
18. Timepiece movement (100) comprising at least one said regulating member (1) according to any of the preceding claims, oscillating between a plate (7) and a bridge (8), characterized in that, for embedding said torsion wire (5), the movement includes means (30) for anchoring said regulating member (1), formed by first means (301) for anchoring to said bridge (8) and by second means (302) for anchoring to said plate (7), and which together define said axis of oscillation (D) of said regulating member (1).
19. Timepiece movement (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the movement includes means (20) for adjusting the tension of said torsion wire (5) by adjusting the distance between said bridge (8) and said plate (7).
20. Timepiece movement (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said tension adjustment means (20) include a threaded bush (23) which cooperates in a complementary manner with an internal thread (74) of said plate (7), and in that at least one screw (22) cooperating with a nut (5) integral with said plate (7) is arranged to push said bridge (8) towards said plate (7), in abutment on said bush (23) in the adjustment position thereof.
21. Timepiece (200) including at least one timepiece movement (100) according to any of claims 19 or 20, characterized in that the timepiece is a watch, and in that said regulating member (1) oscillates at a frequency higher than or equal to 5 Hz.

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