EP2893204A1

EP2893204A1 - Shaft made of fibre composite material with fireproof bulkhead feedthrough

Info

Publication number: EP2893204A1
Application number: EP13759142.6A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Radovan MAROVIC; Günther LUTZ
Original assignee: Hackforth GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Hackforth GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2012-09-04
Filing date: 2013-08-08
Publication date: 2015-07-15
Also published as: AU2013311950B2; US9701386B2; US20150225057A1; CN104769294A; AU2013311950A1; CN104769294B; JP2015532704A; JP6231105B2; WO2014037185A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a input shaft (10), in particular for the torque-transmitting connection of motor and propeller of a ship drive, the input shaft (10) having input-side and output-side interfaces and at least one composite hollow shaft made of fibre composite material arranged therebetween. According to the invention, the input shaft (10) has at least one section (11) which is arranged between the input-side and output-side interfaces, is connected to the composite hollow shaft, and is made of non-flammable material. The invention further relates to a ship comprising a hull and at least one bulkhead (3) running transversally to the longitudinal axis of the hull, a motor, a propeller and an input shaft (10) for the torque-transmitting connection of motor and propeller, the input shaft (10) being fed through the bulkhead (3) and having at least one composite hollow shaft made of fibre composite material. The input shaft (10) has at least one section (11) which is arranged in the region of the feedthrough through the bulkhead (3), is connected to the composite hollow shaft, and is made of non-flammable material.

Description

HFRT0660 LT / ch-AY

Wave made of fiber composite material with

fireproof bulkhead installation

The invention relates to a torque transmitting shaft made of fiber composite material (also referred to as a composite hollow shaft or fiber composite shaft), preferably a drive shaft for a ship, which is guided by an adjacent sections of the ship from each other and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the hull built-in bulkhead.

On the one hand, bulkhead walls serve to separate the hull into individual watertight compartments and, on the other hand, to form fire compartments.

In particular, the invention relates to a torque transmitting drive shaft between the engine and propeller, gear or generator, which are often referred to as the main drive.

In the event of a fire in one of the sections of the ship in which the fiber composite shaft is located, there is a risk that the fiber composite shaft will start to burn. For this reason, installations and bulkhead ducts with such waves are approved by the ship classification societies only under the proviso of the installation of a sprinkler water system for extinguishing a fire at the fiber composite shaft and the bulkhead execution. In special cases, the installation of a water sprinkler system is not enough, and the classification society does not approve the installation of an advantageously lightweight drive shaft made of fiber composite, for example, between the drive motor and gear or generator, because in the case of failure of the sprinkler system and a full fire of the fiber composite shaft in the fire retardant executed bulkhead a hole with the diameter of the shaft is formed. There is a risk that the fire from the department of the ship in which the fire prevails, in the adjacent department, in which there is no fire, overturned. It is an object of the invention to design a drive shaft or an arrangement with a drive shaft fireproof, with the plant technical or cost complexity or the requirements for space requirements are kept as low as possible.

This object is achieved by a drive shaft according to claim 1 and a ship according to claim 10.

The invention provides, the fiber composite shaft at the point where it penetrates the bulkhead to perform between input and output side interfaces with at least a portion of non-combustible material, in particular to equip a thin-walled, lightweight pipe section, which preferably consists of steel, and the two statements (in particular cover) which are preferably made of steel. In this case, the tube section with the two terminations (also referred to below as the "closure") is preferably integrated into the fiber composite shaft In the case of burning off that part of the fiber composite shaft which is located in the compartment under fire, the closure can be made of non - combustible material or Made of steel to ensure the fire safety of the bulkhead, since no hole in the bulkhead can arise.

Preferably, the portion has an outer diameter which is smaller than the outer diameter of the fiber composite shaft. In this way, the section can be inserted into the fiber composite shaft and secured with radial bolts on the fiber composite shaft. According to an advantageous embodiment, the fiber composite material is a fiber-reinforced, preferably glass fiber reinforced plastic, in particular a glass fiber reinforced epoxy plastic. Thus, an inexpensive material can be selected while maintaining the safety requirements can be met. In other words, thanks to the section, the choice of fiber composite material can be made largely independent of the combustibility of the fiber composite material. With an epoxy high strength and a long life can be achieved.

Preferably, the portion of non-combustible material is connected at its opposite ends in each case with a portion of the composite hollow shaft. As a result, the section can be formed as an axial section of the composite hollow shaft and the fire safety can be ensured only by the shaft with the section.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the portion of non-combustible material is formed by a metal tube. This provides a cost-effective, rotationally symmetrical arrangement and allows a structurally simple designed seal against the bulkhead. Fire safety can be increased without requiring additional equipment or safety devices separate from the powertrain. The space requirement is not greater compared to a conventional composite hollow shaft.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the metal tube is closed on one or both sides by a metallic lid. Optionally, the lid may also be made of a non-metallic, non-combustible material. As a result, the fire safety can be further improved. A fire can not break through the section. Preferably, the (respective) cover is aligned transversely to the axis of rotation of the drive shaft. More preferably, the lid is frontally connected to a flange of the section, in particular screwed in the axial direction with the flange.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the metal tube is connected to the composite hollow shaft via radial bolts. As a result, a simple assembly can be ensured. The section can also handle the shaft be connected when it is already arranged in its final position. Due to the radial alignment of the bolts, the assembly is not complicated by the bulkhead.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the radial bolts are inserted through radial passages of the composite hollow shaft and act on an outer circumferential surface of the composite hollow shaft. This type of connection requires, apart from the passages, no further paragraphs or attack surfaces on the hollow shaft.

According to an advantageous embodiment, in each case a sleeve is arranged in the radial passages, which engages in the section. This allows an accurate positioning in the axial direction, and forces in the axial direction of the shaft can be transmitted through the sleeve.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the metal pipe has a flange at at least one end, the metal pipe being connected to the composite hollow shaft via the flange by means of bolts aligned axially with respect to the drive shaft, wherein the bolts are screwed to the transverse nut bolts inserted in radial bores of the composite hollow shaft ,

The bores may also be formed as passages which are not subsequently introduced into the composite hollow shaft, but are already provided in the production of the composite hollow shaft, e.g. by appropriate placeholder during a lamination process.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the bolts are on the at least one flange frontally. In this case, a force transmission directly from the bolts, in particular a bolt head, carried on the portion of metallic material, optionally optionally, for example, a washer may be provided to distribute the forces even more flat on the section. The aforementioned object is achieved as mentioned by a ship, wherein the ship has a hull and at least one transverse to the longitudinal axis of the ship's hull bulkhead and a motor and a drive shaft for torque transmitting connection of the engine with a gear, a generator or a propeller wherein the drive shaft is guided through the bulkhead and at least one composite hollow shaft made of fiber composite material, and wherein the drive shaft in the region of the passage through the bulkhead at least one connected to the composite hollow shaft portion of non-combustible material.

The ship may have a drive shaft having features of the previously described embodiments.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the portion is formed symmetrically with respect to a plane in which the bulkhead extends. According to an advantageous embodiment, the drive shaft in the section of non-combustible material on a bulkhead seal, which seals the drive shaft against the bulkhead waterproof. This allows individual sections of a ship to be flooded in a controlled manner.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the bulkhead seal abuts against an outer circumferential surface of the section. It has an extension substantially in the radial direction. It is preferably annular. As a result, a cost-effective, robust seal can be provided.

In the following drawing figures, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments.

Figure 1 shows an arrangement in which a

Closure according to an embodiment of the invention is connected to a connection consisting of radial steel bolts with the two sections of the fiber composite shaft; Figure 2 shows as a connection between a

Closure according to a further embodiment of the invention and the two sections of the fiber composite shaft a special connection by means of T-bolts (axial bolts in combination with transverse nut); and

Figure 3 shows the application of a closure to a fiber composite drive shaft according to an embodiment of the invention installed between a diesel engine (on the right, not shown) and a generator (on the left, not shown). 1 shows a section or closure 1 1 or pipe section for a drive shaft 10 according to an embodiment of the invention, consisting of a thin-walled steel pipe 1 and covers 2, the steel pipe 1 by means of radial bolts 5 with a fiber composite shaft 10 (left and right adjacent) connected is. The radial pins 5 are respectively inserted through provided in the shaft 10 passages 10 a. The cover 2 are respectively connected in the axial direction by means of screws 2a to the section 1. 1 The screws engage the end face 2a into the flanges 12th The radial pins 5 are anchored in a respective flange 12 of the section 1 1, in particular screwed. The respective flange 12 is annularly formed with an extension radially inwardly and has for a respective radial pin 5, a blind hole 13 and a centrally disposed therein internally threaded bore 13a. In the respective blind hole 13, a sleeve 5a is arranged, by means of which an exact angular arrangement about the shaft axis or an axial position of the portion 1 1 with respect to the shaft 10 can be ensured. In this case, the sleeve 5a forces between the section 1 1 and the shaft 10 transmitted without the bolt 5 is claimed, and it can be prevented that the bolt connection due to vibrations or small relative movements of the section 1 1 relative to the shaft 10 with the time is relaxing. The sleeve 5a has an edge 5a.1 on which radial forces exerted by a head of the bolt 5 on the shaft 10 can be introduced into the shaft 10 in a planar manner. The steel pipe 1 has an outer circumferential surface 14 on, at the two paragraphs 14a are formed. At the heels, the shaft 10 can each be centered. The paragraphs 14a overlap in the axial direction, the flanges 12. By this integrated and nested arrangement high strength can be achieved. Figure 2 shows a closure 1 1 for a drive shaft or fiber composite shaft 10 according to another embodiment of the invention, consisting of a thin-walled steel tube 1 and covers 2, wherein the steel tube 1 is connected by means of a T-bolt connection 6, 6a with the fiber composite shaft 10. The cover 2 are respectively connected in the axial direction by means of screws 2a to the section 1. 1 The T-bolt connection 6, 6a is formed in each case by an axial bolt 6 and a radially arranged engagement element 6a (transverse nut), the engagement element 6a being respectively inserted through a passage 10a provided in the shaft 10. In the respective engagement element 6a, an internal thread is formed, in which the corresponding axial pin 6 can engage. In this way it can be avoided that in the shaft 10 made of fiber composite material, a thread must be formed. The engagement member 6a is merely inserted in the corresponding passage 10a. The engagement elements 6a may have a relative to the wall thickness of the shaft 10 of relatively large diameter, so that exerted by the axial pin 6 tensile forces on a large area and thus at relatively low compressive forces between the shaft 10 and the corresponding shaft portion and the section 1 1 can be transmitted. A respective flange 12 of the portion 1 1 is annularly formed with an extension radially outward and has an axial through hole 13 for a respective bolt 6. The screws engage the end face 2a into the flanges 12th The steel tube 1 has an outer circumferential surface 14, which has an outer diameter which is smaller than the outer diameter of the fiber composite shaft 10. Further, two shoulders 12a are formed on the flanges 12, on which the shaft 10 can be centered. At the heels 12a of the section 1 1 is inserted into the shaft 10 and the respective shaft portion and thereby at least partially into the shaft 10th integrated. The flanges 12 overlap the shaft 10 in the radial direction. By this integrated and abutting arrangement, a high strength can be achieved, in particular high axial forces can be transmitted without the occurrence of shear forces. Figure 3 shows a fiber composite shaft 10 with a closure 1 1 according to an embodiment of the invention, which is guided through a bulkhead 3, wherein a diesel engine (not shown) is disposed in a right of the bulkhead 3 department located, and wherein the composite fiber shaft 10 with a mounted on a flywheel of the diesel engine rubber coupling 20 is connected. At the point at which the fiber composite shaft 10 is guided through the bulkhead 3, the shutter 1 1 is integrated into the shaft 10 and thus ensures the fire safety of the fiber composite shaft 10. On the left side of the fiber composite shaft 10 is a diaphragm coupling 30, which is connected to a generator shaft (not shown). The fiber composite shaft 10 transmits the torque from the clutch arranged on the diesel engine (eg rubber clutch with diaphragm compensation clutch) to the clutch connected to the generator shaft (eg diaphragm compensation clutch). At the point at which the fiber composite shaft 10 penetrates the bulkhead 3, the shutter 1 1 is integrated by means of radial bolt connections 5 in the shaft. At the outer diameter of the closure 1 1 is a bulkhead seal 4, which seals the rotating shaft 10 at the closure or section 1 1 against the bulkhead 3 watertight. In the event of water entering one of the two compartments separated by the bulkhead 3, the bulkhead seal 4 prevents the flow of water from the flooded compartment into the dry compartment. The bulkhead seal 4 can run in an advantageous manner on the corresponding wear-resistant outer diameter of the closure 1 1 or come to rest.

- Claims -

Claims

claims

Drive shaft (10), in particular for torque-transmitting connection of the motor and propeller of a marine propulsion, wherein the drive shaft (10) has input and output side interfaces and at least one interposed composite hollow shaft of fiber composite material,

That is to say that the drive shaft (10) has at least one section (11) of non-combustible material between the input and output side intersections.

2. Drive shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Fiber composite material is a fiber-reinforced, preferably glass fiber reinforced plastic, in particular a glass fiber reinforced epoxy plastic.

3. Drive shaft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the portion (11) made of non-combustible material by a metal tube (1) is formed.

4. Drive shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that the metal tube (1) is closed on one or both sides by a metallic cover (2).

5. Drive shaft according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the metal tube (1) is connected to the composite hollow shaft via radial bolts (5).

6. Drive shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that the radial bolts (5) through radial passages (10 a) of the composite hollow shaft are inserted and act on an outer circumferential surface of the composite hollow shaft.

7. Drive shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that in the radial passages (10 a) in each case a sleeve (5 a) is arranged, which engages in the section (1 1).

8. Drive shaft according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the metal tube (1) at least one end has a flange (12), wherein the metal tube (1) via the flange (12) by means of the drive shaft (10) axially aligned Bolt (6) is connected to the composite hollow shaft, wherein the bolts (6) are screwed with inserted into radial bores of the composite hollow shaft transverse nut (6a).

9. Drive shaft according to claim 8, characterized in that the screw bolts (6) on the at least one flange (12) abut the front side.

10. Ship with a hull and at least one across

Longitudinal axis of the ship's hull extending bulkhead (3), an engine and a drive shaft (10) for torque transmitting connection of the engine with a transmission, a generator or a propeller, wherein the drive shaft (10) through the bulkhead (3) is passed through and at least has a composite hollow shaft of fiber composite material,

In the region of passage through the bulkhead (3), the drive shaft (10) has at least one section (11) of non-combustible material connected to the composite hollow shaft.

1 1. Ship according to claim 10, having a drive shaft (10) according to one of claims 2 to 9.

12. Ship according to claim 10 or 1 1, characterized in that the portion (1 1) is formed symmetrically with respect to a plane in which the bulkhead (3) extends.

13. Ship according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the drive shaft (10) in the section (1 1) made of non-combustible material has a bulkhead seal (4), the drive shaft (10) against the bulkhead (3) waterproof seals.

14. Ship according to claim 13, characterized in that the bulkhead seal (4) on an outer circumferential surface of the portion (1 1) rests and has an extension substantially in the radial direction and is preferably annular.

- Summary -