EP2886957B1 - Combustion facility - Google Patents
Combustion facility Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2886957B1 EP2886957B1 EP14197303.2A EP14197303A EP2886957B1 EP 2886957 B1 EP2886957 B1 EP 2886957B1 EP 14197303 A EP14197303 A EP 14197303A EP 2886957 B1 EP2886957 B1 EP 2886957B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fluidized bed
- partition walls
- combustion
- combustion system
- partitions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/002—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus for pulverulent solid fuel
Definitions
- the invention relates to an incinerator for burning fuels with low-melting ash in a fluidized bed.
- Fluidized bed furnaces fluidized bed firing
- Fluidized bed burns have the advantage that, due to the high storage capacity of the bed material, they are able to burn a wide fuel band.
- the excellent mixing in a fluidized bed allows a very homogeneous combustion and thus very low emission levels.
- Fluidized bed boilers are eg from the EP 0 117 003 A2 . US 4 589 352A .
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide an incinerator and a method for burning such fuels available, which avoids or reduces the above-mentioned disadvantages and allow the direct abandonment of fuels with low-melting ash as fuel in the fluidized bed.
- the incineration plant according to the invention is characterized in that the free space of the boiler is separated from the afterburner by separating walls via the fluidized bed, wherein an ash vent (17) is provided, wherein the partitions (14, 14 ', 15) at its lower end in a vertical , Pass over parallel to the boiler wall arranged partition (19) and form a shaft.
- the partitions Through the partitions, a spatial and energy-technical separation can be achieved, which allows in the afterburner very high temperatures without affecting the combustion in the fluidized bed.
- particles that fall onto the partitions can be discharged from the boiler in a favorable manner.
- the free space and in the fluidized bed there are substoichiometric combustion conditions, in the afterburner the complete combustion of the unburned gases and solids takes place.
- An advantageous development of the invention is characterized in that the afterburner chamber is arranged above the free space. This can be a cheap Arrangement with a small footprint and favorable flows can be achieved with low losses.
- a favorable embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the partitions are arranged offset.
- the flue gas makes a change in direction, which leads to a good mixing of the unburned gases and solids from the free space with the combustion air.
- An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that two lateral and one central partition wall are provided, wherein the lateral partitions in the height of the firebox to the central partition wall offset, in particular over the central partition, may be arranged. This results in symmetrical flow conditions in the boiler and the volume of the afterburner can be maximized.
- a favorable development of the invention is characterized in that the partitions have an angle of> 45 ° to the horizontal. This prevents falling down slag remain on the partition and fall at most in a further consequence in greater quantities in the fluidized bed.
- the partitions are formed as a membrane wall construction with tubes, wherein the partitions may have a lining on the top and / or bottom.
- the partitions may have a lining on the top and / or bottom.
- Fig. 1 an incinerator 1 according to the invention.
- fuel not shown
- fluidizing air not shown
- the fluidization and combustion management is similar to that of conventional Fluidized beds.
- the bed temperature and the bed material are chosen so that no sintering in the fluidized bed can form.
- the bed geometry can be adapted to the fuel by pulling in side walls in the area of the firebox in the bed area.
- the combustion of the fuel in the fluidized bed is substoichiometric, i. less combustion air is added in the fluidized bed than is required for complete combustion.
- the mixture of ash, flue gas and unburned gas components rises through the space 11 in the combustion chamber in the gas flow direction 7 on the bed area 5 and space 11 are typically surrounded by so-called membrane walls, which are cooled by a water / steam mixture.
- the bed area 5 is usually protected by lining the membrane walls;
- the free space area can also be protected by bricking against erosion and corrosion attack. In this calming zone, it is possible that entrained bed material loses kinetic energy and falls back into the fluidized bed 5.
- Recirculation gas or combustion air can also be injected into the free space 11 in order to ensure the temperature for an optimal combustion process. However, it must be avoided here that a temperature increase beyond the melting point of the ash takes place.
- the free space 11 is separated from the afterburner chamber 13 by staggered dividing walls 14, 14 ', 15. In the afterburning chamber 13, the complete combustion of the fuel takes place, whereby here are temperatures far above the ash melting point. For example, when burning straw, temperatures can reach> 1200 ° C.
- the dividing walls 14, 14 ', 15 provide for a spatial and energy-technical separation of the free space 11 and the afterburning chamber 13.
- the partition wall 14, 14', 15 acts as a barrier for the radiation exchange between the afterburning chamber 13 and the free space 11. Due to the high temperature in the afterburning chamber 13, it would come without these partitions 14, 14 ', 15 to a heating of the free space 11, which would bring an exceeding of the ash melting temperature with it.
- the second essential task of the partitions 14, 14 ', 15 is to protect the fluidized bed 5 against falling parts from the afterburner chamber 13. Slags that grow on the walls and dissolve when a critical size or load changes are exceeded, are typically perpendicular to from the wall or ceiling.
- the partition typically consists of two lateral partitions 14, 14 'and a central partition 15. Basically, other arrangements are conceivable.
- the lateral partitions 14, 14 ' are preferably arranged offset to the central partition wall 15. In particular, they are arranged above the middle partition wall 15 in order to maximize the volume of the afterburning chamber 13. Due to the staggered arrangement of the partitions 14, 14 ', 15, the flue gas, which comes from the free space 11, the opportunity to pass between the partitions through. The flue gas also takes a change in direction, which leads to a good mixing of the unburned gases and solids from the free space with the combustion air.
- the partitions 14, 14 ', 15 are arranged so that they cover the entire cross section of the boiler above the fluidized bed, so that no particles can fall into the fluidized bed.
- the distance between the partitions 14, 14 ', 15 is chosen so that the speed of the flue gas passing through remains below 10 m / s.
- the partitions 14, 14 ', 15 are arranged at an angle of> 45 ° to the horizontal. It has been found that this angle is at least necessary to prevent falling down slag remain on the partition. This ensures that such falling slags and ashes, but also dripping ash melts are kept in motion. These slags and ashes roll down the gutters 14, 14 ', 15 and are thus conveyed into the ash tray 17.
- the partition between the fluidized bed 5 and ash discharge 17 by extension of the partition walls 14, 14 ', 15 also to design as a membrane wall.
- a suitable discharge device (not shown) is arranged to remove the slag.
- a small amount of sealing air is given up to prevent the penetration of hot flue gases from the afterburner 13 in the ash discharge 17.
- Fig. 2 shows a view of the partitions 14, 14 ', 15.
- the lateral partitions 14, 14' are arranged above the central partition wall 15, wherein the central partition wall 15 here substantially wider than the lateral partitions 14, 14 'executed is.
- the width of the individual partitions 14, 14 ', 15 may also be e.g. evenly or the middle partition 15 are made narrower than the partitions 14, 14 '.
- This figure also shows the possible arrangement of the combustion air nozzles 18, 18 '.
- the combustion air for complete combustion is supplied above the dividing wall, preferably above the upper dividing wall 14, 14 ', since this reduces the risk of slagging of the passage opening between the dividing walls 14, 14' and 15.
- the arrangement of the combustion air nozzles 18 takes place here for example parallel to the surface of the partition wall 14, 14 '.
- a horizontal arrangement of the nozzles side by side is also possible.
- combustion air nozzles 18 ' which are arranged on the front side above the partitions, in particular the central partition wall 15. These nozzles then preferably point in the direction of the ash flow on the dividing wall 14, 14 ', 15. This reduces the risk that ash or slag dry will remain on the dividing wall since they receive an additional impulse from the combustion air.
- the invention is not limited to the illustrated examples.
- the partitions in the reverse order i. the middle partition above the (lateral) lower partitions, be arranged. But it can also be e.g. only two partitions (each side) but provided offset in height.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verbrennungsanlage zum Verbrennen von Brennstoffen mit niedrig schmelzenden Aschen in einem Wirbelbett.The invention relates to an incinerator for burning fuels with low-melting ash in a fluidized bed.
Bei industriellen Standorten, in denen brennbare Abfallstoffe anfallen, hat es sich bewährt, Verbrennungskraftwerke zu errichten. So können Masse und Volumen der anfallenden Abfallstoffe zum Einen stark minimiert werden und zum Anderen kann der Standort seinen Energiebedarf zum Teil oder vollständig selbst decken. Dazu werden häufig Wirbelbettfeuerungen (Wirbelschichtfeuerungen) verwendet. Wirbelschichtverbrennungen haben den Vorteil, dass sie aufgrund der hohen Speicherkapazität des Bettmaterials in der Lage sind, ein breites Brennstoffband verfeuern zu können. Zusätzlich erlaubt die ausgezeichnete Durchmischung in einem Wirbelbett eine sehr homogene Verbrennung und damit verbunden sehr niedrige Emissionswerte. Wirbelschichtkessel sind z.B. aus der
Die erfindungsgemäße Verbrennungsanlage ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Freiraum des Kessels über dem Wirbelbett von der Nachbrennkammer durch Trennwände separiert ist, wobei ein Ascheabzug (17) vorgesehen ist, wobei die Trennwände (14, 14', 15) an ihrem unteren Ende in eine senkrechte, parallel zur Kesselwand angeordnete Trennwand (19) übergehen und einen Schacht bilden. Durch die Trennwände kann eine räumliche und energietechnische Trennung erzielt werden, die in der Nachbrennkammer sehr hohe Temperaturen ohne Beeinflussung der Verbrennung in der Wirbelschicht ermöglicht. Weiters können Partikel, die auf die Trennwände fallen in günstiger Weise aus dem Kessel ausgeschleust werden. Im Freiraum und in der Wirbelschicht liegen unterstöchiometrische Verbrennungsbedingungen vor, in der Nachbrennkammer erfolgt die vollständige Verbrennung der unverbrannten Gase und Feststoffe.The incineration plant according to the invention is characterized in that the free space of the boiler is separated from the afterburner by separating walls via the fluidized bed, wherein an ash vent (17) is provided, wherein the partitions (14, 14 ', 15) at its lower end in a vertical , Pass over parallel to the boiler wall arranged partition (19) and form a shaft. Through the partitions, a spatial and energy-technical separation can be achieved, which allows in the afterburner very high temperatures without affecting the combustion in the fluidized bed. Furthermore, particles that fall onto the partitions can be discharged from the boiler in a favorable manner. In the free space and in the fluidized bed there are substoichiometric combustion conditions, in the afterburner the complete combustion of the unburned gases and solids takes place.
Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Nachbrennkammer oberhalb des Freiraums angeordnet ist. Damit kann eine günstige Anordnung mit geringer Grundfläche sowie günstige Strömungen mit geringen Verlusten erzielt werden.An advantageous development of the invention is characterized in that the afterburner chamber is arranged above the free space. This can be a cheap Arrangement with a small footprint and favorable flows can be achieved with low losses.
Eine günstige Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennwände versetzt angeordnet sind. Dadurch nimmt das Rauchgas eine Richtungsänderung vor, die zu einer guten Durchmischung der unverbrannten Gase und Feststoffe aus dem Freiraum mit der Verbrennungsluft führt.A favorable embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the partitions are arranged offset. As a result, the flue gas makes a change in direction, which leads to a good mixing of the unburned gases and solids from the free space with the combustion air.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei seitliche und eine mittige Trennwand vorgesehen sind, wobei die seitlichen Trennwände in der Höhe des Feuerraumes zur mittigen Trennwand versetzt, insbesondere über der mittleren Trennwand, angeordnet sein können. Damit ergeben sich symmetrische Strömungsverhältnisse im Kessel und das Volumen der Nachbrennkammer kann maximiert werden.An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that two lateral and one central partition wall are provided, wherein the lateral partitions in the height of the firebox to the central partition wall offset, in particular over the central partition, may be arranged. This results in symmetrical flow conditions in the boiler and the volume of the afterburner can be maximized.
Eine günstige Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennwände einen Winkel von > 45° zur Horizontalen aufweisen. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass herab fallende Schlacken auf der Trennwand liegen bleiben und allenfalls in weiterer Folge in größerer Menge in die Wirbelschicht fallen.A favorable development of the invention is characterized in that the partitions have an angle of> 45 ° to the horizontal. This prevents falling down slag remain on the partition and fall at most in a further consequence in greater quantities in the fluidized bed.
Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Verbrennungsanlage ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennwände als Membranwandkonstruktion mit Rohren ausgebildet sind, wobei die Trennwände an der Ober- und/oder Unterseite eine Ausmauerung aufweisen können. Dadurch kann eine ausreichende Kühlung der Trennflächen erreicht werden, wobei durch die Ausmauerung die damit verbundenen höheren Wandtemperaturen die Kondensation von gasförmigen Rauchgasbestandteilen oder die Erstarrung von geschmolzenen Aschen reduziert.An advantageous development of the incinerator according to the invention is characterized in that the partitions are formed as a membrane wall construction with tubes, wherein the partitions may have a lining on the top and / or bottom. As a result, sufficient cooling of the separating surfaces can be achieved, wherein the brick wall reduces the condensation of gaseous flue gas constituents or the solidification of molten ashes by the lining.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Zeichnungen beispielhaft beschrieben, wobei
- Fig. 1
- einen Kessel gemäß der Erfindung
- Fig. 2
- eine Ansicht der Trennwände,
- Fig. 1
- a boiler according to the invention
- Fig. 2
- a view of the partitions,
In
Die Bettgeometrie kann an den Brennstoff angepasst werden, indem Seitenwände im Bereich des Feuerraumes im Bettbereich eingezogen werden. Die Verbrennung des Brennstoffes im Wirbelbett erfolgt unterstöchiometrisch, d.h. es wird weniger Verbrennungsluft im Wirbelbett zugegeben, als für die vollständige Verbrennung erforderlich ist. Das Gemisch aus Asche, Rauchgas und unverbrannten Gasbestandteilen steigt durch den Freiraum 11 im Feuerraum in Gasströmungsrichtung 7 auf Bettbereich 5 und Freiraum 11 sind typischerweise von sogenannten Membranwänden umgeben, die durch ein Wasser-/Dampf-Gemisch gekühlt werden. Der Bettbereich 5 ist dabei meistens durch Ausmauerung der Membranwände geschützt; der Freiraumbereich kann ebenso durch Ausmauerung vor Erosions- und Korrosionsangriff geschützt werden. In dieser Beruhigungszone ist es möglich, dass mitgerissenes Bettmaterial an kinetischer Energie verliert und wieder in das Wirbelbett 5 zurück fällt. In den Freiraum 11 kann auch Rezirkulationsgas oder Verbrennungsluft (nicht dargestellt) eingedüst werden, um die Temperatur für einen optimalen Verbrennungsprozess sicher zu stellen. Allerdings muss hier vermieden werden, dass eine Temperaturerhöhung über den Schmelzpunkt der Asche hinaus stattfindet. Der Freiraum 11 ist von der Nachbrennkammer 13 durch versetzt angeordnete Trennwände 14, 14', 15 separiert. In der Nachbrennkammer 13 findet die vollständige Verbrennung des Brennstoffes statt, wodurch hier Temperaturen weit über dem Ascheschmelzpunkt vorliehen. Beispielsweise kann es hier bei Verbrennung von Stroh zu Temperaturen >1200 °C kommen.The bed geometry can be adapted to the fuel by pulling in side walls in the area of the firebox in the bed area. The combustion of the fuel in the fluidized bed is substoichiometric, i. less combustion air is added in the fluidized bed than is required for complete combustion. The mixture of ash, flue gas and unburned gas components rises through the
Die Trennwände 14, 14', 15 sorgen für eine räumliche und energietechnische Trennung des Freiraumes 11 und der Nachbrennkammer 13. Zum Einen wirkt die Trennwand 14, 14', 15 als Barriere für den Strahlungsaustausch zwischen Nachbrennkammer 13 und Freiraum 11. Durch die hohe Temperatur in der Nachbrennkammer 13 würde es ohne diese Trennwände 14, 14', 15 zu einem Aufheizen des Freiraumes 11 kommen, das ein Überschreiten der Ascheschmelztemperatur mit sich bringen würde. Die zweite wesentliche Aufgabe der Trennwände 14, 14', 15 besteht im Schutz des Wirbelbettes 5 gegen herab fallende Teile aus der Nachbrennkammer 13. Schlacken, die an den Wänden wachsen und sich bei Überschreiten einer kritischen Größe oder bei Lastwechseln lösen, fallen typischerweise senkrecht von der Wand oder Decke ab. In jedem Fall trifft bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung der Trennwände 14, 14', 15 der Schlackebrocken nicht direkt in das Wirbelbett 5 sondern auf die Trennwand 14, 14', 15 . Ebenso können Aschetropfen, die von Überhitzern 20 in der Nachbrennkammer 13 herunter tropfen, von dieser Trennwand 14, 14', 15 aufgehalten werden.The dividing
Die Trennwand besteht typischerweise aus zwei seitlichen Trennwänden 14, 14' und einer mittigen Trennwand 15. Grundsätzlich sind auch andere Anordnungen denkbar. Die seitlichen Trennwände 14, 14' sind vorzugsweise zur mittleren Trennwand 15 versetzt angeordnet. Insbesondere sind sie über der mittleren Trennwand 15 angeordnet, um das Volumen der Nachbrennkammer 13 zu maximieren. Durch die versetzte Anordnung der Trennwände 14, 14', 15 hat das Rauchgas, das aus dem Freiraum 11 kommt, die Möglichkeit zwischen den Trennwänden hindurch zu treten. Dabei nimmt das Rauchgas auch eine Richtungsänderung vor, die zu einer guten Durchmischung der unverbrannten Gase und Feststoffe aus dem Freiraum mit der Verbrennungsluft führt. Die Trennwände 14, 14', 15 sind so angeordnet, dass sie den gesamten Querschnitt des Kessels über dem Wirbelbett abdecken, so dass keine Partikel in das Wirbelbett fallen können. Der Abstand der Trennwände 14, 14', 15 wird so gewählt, dass die Geschwindigkeit des durchtretenden Rauchgases unter 10 m/s bleibt. Die Trennwände 14, 14', 15 sind in einem Winkel von > 45° zur Horizontalen angeordnet. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass dieser Winkel mindestens notwendig ist, um zu verhindern, dass herab fallende Schlacken auf der Trennwand liegen bleiben. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass solche herab fallende Schlacken und Aschen, aber auch herab tropfende Ascheschmelzen in Bewegung gehalten werden. Diese Schlacken und Aschen rollen oder rinnen an der Trennwand 14, 14', 15 hinunter und werden so in den Ascheabzug 17 befördert. Dieser muss entsprechend groß bemessen sein, um Verstopfungen zu verhindern, d.h. der freie Spalt sollte vorzugsweise > 100 mm betragen. Es bietet sich an, die Trennwand zwischen Wirbelbett 5 und Ascheabzug 17 durch Verlängerung der Trennwände 14, 14', 15 ebenfalls als Membranwand auszugestalten. Am Ende dieser Trennwand 19 wird eine geeignete Austragsvorrichtung (nicht dargestellt) angeordnet, um die Schlacke zu entfernen. In den Schacht 17 zwischen Trennwand 19 und Außenwand des Kessels 1 wird eine geringe Menge an Sperrluft aufgegeben, um, das Eindringen heißer Rauchgase aus der Nachbrennkammer 13 in den Ascheabzug 17 zu verhindern.The partition typically consists of two
Die Breite der einzelnen Trennwände 14, 14', 15 kann natürlich auch z.B. gleichmäßig oder die mittlere Trennwand 15 schmäler als die Trennwände 14, 14' ausgeführt werden. In dieser Figur sieht man auch die mögliche Anordnung der Verbrennungsluftdüsen 18, 18'. Die Verbrennungsluft zur vollständigen Verbrennung wird oberhalb der Trennwand, vorzugsweise oberhalb der obere Trennwand 14, 14' zugeführt, da so die Gefahr der Verschlackung der Durchtrittsöffnung zwischen den Trennwänden 14, 14' und 15 reduziert wird. Die Anordnung der Verbrennungsluftdüsen 18 erfolgt hier beispielhaft parallel zur Oberfläche der Trennwand 14, 14'. Eine horizontale Anordnung der Düsen nebeneinander ist ebenfalls möglich.Of course, the width of the
Ein Anteil der Verbrennungsluft kann auch über Verbrennungsluftdüsen 18' aufgegeben werden, die stirnseitig oberhalb der Trennwände, insbesondere der mittigen Trennwand 15, angeordnet sind. Diese Düsen zeigen dann vorzugsweise in Richtung des Ascheflusses auf der Trennwand 14, 14', 15. Dies reduziert die Gefahr, dass Asche- oder Schlackebrocken auf der Trennwand liegen bleiben, da sie durch die Verbrennungsluft einen zusätzlichen Impuls erhalten.A portion of the combustion air can also be fed via combustion air nozzles 18 ', which are arranged on the front side above the partitions, in particular the
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Beispiele beschränkt. So können z.B. die Trennwände in umgekehrter Reihe, d.h. die mittlere Trennwand oberhalb der (seitlichen) unteren Trennwände, angeordnet sein. Es können aber auch z.B. nur zwei Trennwände (jeweils seitlich) aber höhenmäßig versetzt vorgesehen sein.The invention is not limited to the illustrated examples. Thus, e.g. the partitions in the reverse order, i. the middle partition above the (lateral) lower partitions, be arranged. But it can also be e.g. only two partitions (each side) but provided offset in height.
Claims (9)
- Combustion system for incineration of fuels with low-melting ashes, having a boiler with a fluidized bed and a post-combustion chamber (13), where the free space (11) in the boiler (1) above the fluidized bed (5) is separated from the post-combustion chamber (13) by means of partition walls (14, 14', 15), characterized in that a cinder outlet (17) is provided and in that the partition walls (14, 14', 15) merge into a vertical partition wall (19) parallel to the side of the boiler at their lower end and form a chute.
- Combustion system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the post-combustion chamber (13) is arranged above the free space (11).
- Combustion system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the partition walls (14, 14', 15) are disposed in an offset arrangement.
- Combustion system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that two partition walls (14, 14') are provided at the sides and one in the center (15).
- Combustion system according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the partition walls (14, 14', 15) cover the entire cross-section of the boiler (1) above the fluidized bed (5).
- Combustion system according to Claim 5, characterized in that the partition walls (14, 14') at the sides are mounted in an offset arrangement towards the central partition wall (15) at the level of the firing area, particularly above the middle partition wall (15).
- Combustion system according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the partition walls (14, 14', 15) are set at an angle of >45° to the horizontal.
- Combustion system according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the partition walls (14, 14', 15) are formed as a membrane wall construction with tubes.
- Combustion system according to Claim 8, characterized in that the partition walls (14, 14', 15) have brickwork at the top and/or bottom side.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PL14197303T PL2886957T3 (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2014-12-11 | Combustion facility |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA972/2013A AT514699B1 (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | incinerator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2886957A1 EP2886957A1 (en) | 2015-06-24 |
EP2886957B1 true EP2886957B1 (en) | 2016-10-12 |
Family
ID=52231821
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14197303.2A Active EP2886957B1 (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2014-12-11 | Combustion facility |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2886957B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT514699B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2886957T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE508314C (en) * | 1927-08-28 | 1930-09-26 | Karl Selle | Device for separating solid components, in particular fly ash, from gases flowing through vertical exhaust shafts |
FR2406159A1 (en) * | 1977-08-19 | 1979-05-11 | Flameless Furnaces Ltd | IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIAL FEEDING FOR FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTION EQUIPMENT |
NL8300617A (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1984-09-17 | Tno | COMBUSTION DEVICE WITH A FLUIDIZED BED. |
US4589352A (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1986-05-20 | Nederlandse Centrale Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurivetenschap- | Fluidized bed combustion apparatus |
DE3464955D1 (en) * | 1984-08-28 | 1987-08-27 | Tno | Fluidised bed combustion apparatus |
WO2002002992A1 (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2002-01-10 | Nkk Corporation | Waste incinerator and method of operating the incinerator |
-
2013
- 2013-12-19 AT ATA972/2013A patent/AT514699B1/en active
-
2014
- 2014-12-11 EP EP14197303.2A patent/EP2886957B1/en active Active
- 2014-12-11 PL PL14197303T patent/PL2886957T3/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL2886957T3 (en) | 2017-07-31 |
AT514699B1 (en) | 2015-03-15 |
EP2886957A1 (en) | 2015-06-24 |
AT514699A4 (en) | 2015-03-15 |
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