EP2881654A2 - Dispositif d'éclairage - Google Patents

Dispositif d'éclairage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2881654A2
EP2881654A2 EP14196410.6A EP14196410A EP2881654A2 EP 2881654 A2 EP2881654 A2 EP 2881654A2 EP 14196410 A EP14196410 A EP 14196410A EP 2881654 A2 EP2881654 A2 EP 2881654A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
light source
optical element
lens
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14196410.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2881654A3 (fr
Inventor
Eden Dubuc
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Current Lighting Solutions LLC
Original Assignee
GE Lighting Solutions LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US13/040,874 external-priority patent/US8668351B2/en
Application filed by GE Lighting Solutions LLC filed Critical GE Lighting Solutions LLC
Publication of EP2881654A2 publication Critical patent/EP2881654A2/fr
Publication of EP2881654A3 publication Critical patent/EP2881654A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/008—Combination of two or more successive refractors along an optical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • F21V5/045—Refractors for light sources of lens shape the lens having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2111/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F21W2111/02—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to lighting devices. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to an efficient signal lamp for controlling the light coming from a relatively small light source.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,947,587 which is incorporated by reference herein, discloses a signal lamp comprising a box-shaped housing 1 having an open end 2 that is closed by a spreading window 3. LEDs 4 are clustered around a central axis 6 of the housing 1 and a positive lens 7, which is described as a fresnel lens, is interposed between the spreading window and the LEDs.
  • LEDs 4 are disposed in an array having a surface area that is 25% of the surface area of the Fresnel lens 7.
  • the Fresnel lens 7 acts to converge the light beam pattern and then the spreading window 3 diffuses the light.
  • two separate optical components are required to be manufactured and assembled into the signal lamp, adding to the manufacturing cost and efficiency of the LED signal.
  • the present invention resides in a lighting device including a housing having an open end and a geometrical axis, at least one light source disposed along an optical axis and at least two converging lenses.
  • the optical axis (302) is at an angle with respect to the geometrical axis (310).
  • One converging lens is positioned to collect most of the light from a light source and another converging lens is positioned to close the open end of the signal lamp and distribute the light for a given specification.
  • the housing having an open end and a geometrical axis, at least one light source disposed along an optical axis and at least two converging lenses.
  • the optical axis (302) is at an angle with respect to the geometrical axis (310).
  • One converging lens is positioned to collect most of the light from a light source and another converging lens is positioned to close the open end of the signal lamp and distribute the light for a given specification.
  • the housing having an open end and a geometrical axis, at
  • the invention resides in a lighting device including a housing having an open end, a light source, and a converging lens.
  • the converging lens includes a curved entry face, a total internal reflection face and an exit face, wherein the curved entry face is configured to converge the light from the light source toward the center of the total internal reflection face.
  • Figure 2 discloses a signal lamp 8 including a refractive optical element 10, which is shown as being a collimating lens, cooperating with a point light source 12 at a focal point of the optical element.
  • the collimating lens 10 includes an inner surface 14 and an outer surface 16.
  • the inner surface 14 is shaped so that it is normal to light rays 18 emanating from the point light source 12 so that minimal or no refraction of these incoming light rays occurs at the inner surface 14.
  • the outer surface 16 is configured to redirect light rays to provide a generally collimated (parallel or nearly parallel) light beam pattern. For example, where most of the light rays are within about 20° beam angle is considered appropriate to form a nearly collimated (nearly parallel) beam pattern.
  • Figure 2 also schematically depicts a support 22 for a plurality of LEDs 24.
  • the virtual point light source 12 as mentioned above, is disposed at the focal point for the lens 10.
  • the LEDs 24 are clustered around the central axis 26 of the collimating lens 10, which can also be a central axis of a signal lamp housing 28 that includes the LEDs 24 and the collimating lens 10.
  • the housing 28 for the signal lamp has an open end that is closed by the collimating lens 10.
  • the LEDs 24 on the support 22 are near enough the central axis 26 and set inwardly from the focal point of the lens 10 to generate a beam pattern that is similar to the beam pattern that is generated by the virtual point light source 12.
  • Figure 3 depicts an alternative embodiment of signal lamp 48.
  • Figure 3 depicts a refractive optical element 50 cooperating with a virtual point light source 52 that is disposed at a focal point for the optical element.
  • the lens 50 can be rotationally symmetric about a central axis 66. If it is desired to create an asymmetric beam pattern, then an inner surface 54 of the lens 50 can be disposed in a pattern, e.g. a radial or linear (square or diamond) pattern.
  • the optical element 50 includes the inner surface 54 and the outer surface 56. In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 2 , the inner surface 54 is configured similar to a fresnel lens where the inner surface is facetted.
  • the inner surface 54 is facetted in such a manner, however, that the refractive optical element 50 can be injection molded.
  • the substantially horizontal portions of each facet are at least substantially parallel to the central axis 66 of the optical element 50 and the signal housing 68 or at an angle such that the optical element 50 can be ejected from a mold.
  • the horizontal portions 58 of each facet slopes away from a line parallel to the central axis 66, which coincides with the ejection direction from the mold, from an innermost edge 62 of the horizontal portion in a direction towards an outermost edge 60 of the horizontal portion.
  • Each facet also includes a generally vertical portion 64 to refract the light towards the outer surface 56 of the optical element 50.
  • the outer surface 56 is configured to narrow to beam pattern. If the surface 54 is normal to light coming from the point source, the outer surface 56, similar to the outer surface 16 described above, is configured to redirect light rays to generate a generally collimated (parallel or nearly parallel) light beam pattern. For example, where most of the light rays are within about 20° beam angle is considered to be appropriate to form a nearly collimated (nearly parallel) beam pattern. Developing an asymmetric beam is described with reference to Figure 7 , below.
  • Figure 3 depicts a support 72 disposed in the housing 68 and a plurality of LEDs 74 disposed on the support.
  • the LEDs 74 and the support 72 are spaced inwardly from the virtual focal point 52 of the lens 50 similar to the embodiment shown in Figure 2 .
  • the support 72 can be a printed circuit board and be situated substantially perpendicular to the central axis 66.
  • the LEDs 74 are clustered around the central axis 66. Similar to U.S. Patent No. 5,947,587 , the surface area of the footprint for the LEDs 74 can be about 25% of the surface area of the refractive optical element 50.
  • Figure 3 discloses light rays 76 that emanate from a virtual point light source disposed at the focal point 52 of the refractive optical element 50.
  • Figure 5 discloses a side view of the lens 90 shown in Figure 3 cooperating with the single light element 92 and the light rays 94 emanating from the single light element.
  • the single light element 92 is situated at the focal point for the lens 90, similar to the virtual point light sources described above.
  • a plurality of LEDs can be clustered around a central axis of the lens 90 offset inwardly from the virtual focal point to generate a beam pattern that closely approximates the beam pattern shown in Figure 5.
  • Figure 5 more accurately depicts the substantially collimated light beam pattern in that the light rays are all not precisely parallel to one another but instead are substantially parallel to one another to generate a generally or substantially collimated light beam pattern.
  • Figure 6 is a close-up view of a cross section taken through Figure 5 .
  • Figure 4A depicts a schematic sectional view of two refractive optical elements 100 and 102 and two virtual point light sources 104 and 106.
  • Each point light source 104 and 106 is disposed along an axis 108 which is centered within respect to both of the optical elements 100 and 102.
  • the optical element 102 can be rotationally symmetrical about the central axis 108. If, however, an asymmetric beam pattern is desired, the optical element 100 may not be rotationally symmetrical about the central axis 108.
  • the outer refractive optical element 100 includes an inner facetted surface 112 and an outer smooth surface 114.
  • the inner facetted surface 112 is similar to the facetted surface described with reference to Figure 3 in that it is similar to a Fresnel style but is able to be injection molded.
  • the outer optical element 100 is configured to cooperate with the furthest virtual point light source 104 to provide a generally collimated beam pattern similar to the embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3 .
  • the outer optical element 100 closes the open end of a signal lamp housing (not shown) similar to the optical elements 10 and 50 described above.
  • the inner optical element 102 is used to create a virtual far focal point for the optical element 100.
  • the optical element 102 is also used to improve the efficiency of the signal lamp by collecting all, or nearly all, the light for the LED point light source.
  • the optical element 102 reduces the thickness of the signal lamp.
  • the optical element shown in Figure 3 is shown as a positive lens; however, the optical element can be designed to be a refractive element, a diffractive element, an internal refraction element, and/or a reflective element.
  • the inner optical element 102 is configured to cooperate with a virtual point light source 106 that is closer to both the inner optical element 102 and the outer optical element 100.
  • the inner optical element 102 is configured to redirect the incoming light rays 122 from the point light source 106 so that the exiting light rays 124 generally follow the same path as the light rays 126 emanating from the furthest virtual point light source 104.
  • the depth of the housing can be reduced due to the redirection of the light rays provided by the inner optical element 102. Accordingly, LEDs can be provided inwardly (i.e. towards the optical elements 102 and 100) from the virtual point light source 106 in a similar manner to those described with reference to Figures 2 and 3 .
  • the optical elements 100 and 102 can be disposed inside a housing (not shown) similar to the housings 28 and 68 described above.
  • Figure 4B is similar to Figure 4A and shows that the outer refractive optical element 100 and the inner optical element 102 can collectively function as a pair of converging lenses. More particularly, the inner optical element 102 collects most of the light from the point light source 104 and simulates a focal point to the outer refractive optical element 100.
  • the outer refractive optical element 100 generally comprises a complex pin optic that distributes the light from a point source to a given specification, wherein each and every pin has a unique shape.
  • Figure 4B includes a number of additional lines 128 showing the light being collimated while exiting the outer refractive optical element 100. Accordingly, the beam pattern gets narrower after each lens, even while the "shell" (i.e., the outer refractive optical element 100) is distributing the light for a given specification.
  • Figure 7 demonstrates control of the light to generate an asymmetric beam pattern.
  • Outer surface 134 represents an outer surface of an optical element that is similar to outer surface 114 described with reference to Figure 4 .
  • Reference surface 131 is similar to inner surface 112 described with reference to Figure 4 and inner surface 64 described with reference to Figure 3 .
  • Incoming light rays 132 are similar to light rays 124 described with reference to Figure 4 .
  • the inner surface 131 is replaced by the distribution surface 130.
  • the distribution surfaces 130 are oriented at the same angle as the reference inner surfaces which results in the outer surface 134 transmitting the same beam pattern against the central axis 108.
  • the inner distribution surface 130 of the lens which is an optical element including the outer surface 134 and the inner distribution surface 130, can be disposed in a pattern, e.g. a radial or linear (square or diamond) pattern. In certain instances it has been found desirable to move the beam axis 5° down the horizontal axis to provide the desired intensity for a signal lamp.
  • a total internal reflection element 200 for an LED signal is shown in Figure 8 .
  • Total internal reflection (TIR) is a phenomena where electromagnetic radiation (light) in a given medium (e.g., an acrylic or polycarbonite material) incident on the boundary with a less dense medium (e.g., air), at an angle equal to or larger than the critical angle, is completely reflected from the boundary.
  • a given medium e.g., an acrylic or polycarbonite material
  • a plurality of curved entry faces 202 is aligned with a corresponding plurality of TIR faces 204 and exit faces 206, which redirect light emitted from the base of the signal in a generally downward direction.
  • the curved entry faces 202 have the optical effect of concentrating incident light onto a center of the corresponding TIR face 204, thereby allowing light to impinge on the TIR faces 204 from a wider range of angles to be redirected for downward projection through the desired exit faces 206.
  • the TIR element 200 may be constructed with a stepped configuration on the exit faces 206 to minimize the space and materials required for the element 200, among other things.
  • Each of the curved entry faces 202 is sloped in the direction of the next stepped level, which lowers light loss creating zones by decreasing the optical area dedicated to the radiuses between stepped levels of the entry faces 202.
  • the signal may be configured for retrofitting into existing incandescent signal housings.
  • Figure 9 is a close-up view of a portion of the TIR element 200 of Figure 8 .
  • the light rays 210 incident upon the entry faces 202 are preferably parallel aligned with the lens axis whereby generally all of the light incident upon the entry face 202 converges and impacts the corresponding TIR face 204.
  • the light rays 212 exiting the exit faces 206 are thereby directed in a downward manner.
  • FIG 10 shows an alternative TIR element 210, which also has a plurality of curved entry faces 212 that are aligned with a corresponding plurality of TIR faces 214 and exit faces 216, which redirect light emitted from the base of the signal in a generally downward direction.
  • the curved entry faces 212 have the optical effect of concentrating incident light onto a center of the corresponding TIR face 214, thereby allowing light to impinge on the TIR faces 214 from a wider range of angles to be redirected for downward projection through the desired exit faces 216.
  • the TIR element 210 may be constructed with a stepped configuration on the exit faces 216.
  • Each of the curved entry faces 212 is sloped in the direction of the next stepped level, which lowers light loss creating zones by decreasing the optical area dedicated to the radiuses between stepped levels of the entry faces 212.
  • radiuses 218 are added at transition points between the steps of the TIR faces 214 and the exit faces 216. It is to be understood that there is generally a radius on the edge of the stepped optical element due to the machining tool geometry or wearing of the mold. Machining the sharpest edge on a mold may reduce the uncontrolled light generated by the radius, but it may also generate performance variation over time due to wearing of the mold. A sharp edge also increases the fragility of the part at impact and vibration.
  • the light rays 220 incident upon the entry faces 212 are preferably parallel aligned with the lens axis whereby generally all of the light incident upon the entry face 212 converges and impacts the corresponding TIR face 214.
  • the light rays 222 exiting the exit faces 216 are thereby directed in a downward manner.
  • an optical axis 302 is an imaginary line between the center of an LED array 304 to the center of an outer lens (or shell) 306. Note there is an angle 308 between the optical axis 302 and a geometrical axis 310.
  • the angle 308 between the geometrical axis 310 and the optical axis 302 depends on the center of light flux as determined by the specification. For example, in the case of the ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers) specification, the center of flux is around 5 degrees down the horizon. So the optical axis 302 would be approximately 5 degrees lower than the geometrical axis 310 pointing to the horizon.
  • the geometrical axis 310 is an imaginary line crossing perpendicular to the center of an installation rim (or housing) 312.
  • Figure 11 also shows an optional inner lens 314 that is symmetrical with respect to the optical axis 302, but it can be asymmetrical as well. It is to be appreciated that the features shown in Figure 11 may be applied to the previously described embodiments of the signal lamp.
EP14196410.6A 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Dispositif d'éclairage Withdrawn EP2881654A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/040,874 US8668351B2 (en) 2008-09-04 2011-03-04 LED traffic signal and optical element therefor
EP12157934.6A EP2495489A3 (fr) 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Feu de signalisation à DEL et élément optique correspondant

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12157934.6A Division EP2495489A3 (fr) 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Feu de signalisation à DEL et élément optique correspondant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2881654A2 true EP2881654A2 (fr) 2015-06-10
EP2881654A3 EP2881654A3 (fr) 2015-07-15

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EP14196410.6A Withdrawn EP2881654A3 (fr) 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Dispositif d'éclairage
EP12157934.6A Withdrawn EP2495489A3 (fr) 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Feu de signalisation à DEL et élément optique correspondant

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12157934.6A Withdrawn EP2495489A3 (fr) 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Feu de signalisation à DEL et élément optique correspondant

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CN (2) CN105757469A (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011054233B4 (de) * 2011-10-06 2019-06-19 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Transformationsoptikanordnung
CN103343910A (zh) * 2013-07-25 2013-10-09 江西量一光电科技有限公司 一种led球泡灯
CN105371231A (zh) * 2014-09-01 2016-03-02 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 照明装置
CN106523980B (zh) * 2015-09-11 2020-09-25 上海三思电子工程有限公司 Led信号灯

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5947587A (en) 1996-10-16 1999-09-07 U.S. Philips Corporation Signal lamp with LEDs

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105757469A (zh) 2016-07-13
EP2495489A3 (fr) 2014-06-04
EP2495489A2 (fr) 2012-09-05
EP2881654A3 (fr) 2015-07-15
CN102679207A (zh) 2012-09-19

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