EP2880672B1 - Electromagnetic contactor - Google Patents

Electromagnetic contactor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2880672B1
EP2880672B1 EP13780335.9A EP13780335A EP2880672B1 EP 2880672 B1 EP2880672 B1 EP 2880672B1 EP 13780335 A EP13780335 A EP 13780335A EP 2880672 B1 EP2880672 B1 EP 2880672B1
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Prior art keywords
voltage
switching element
switch
switching
coil
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2880672A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Danzer
Christian Oppermann
Bernhard Streich
Norbert Zimmermann
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic contactor with fixed and movable contacts, which are fixed to a contact carrier, which is coupled to a movable armature, which is arranged opposite to a yoke, wherein an armature return spring and a magnetic coil are arranged between the armature and yoke.
  • contactors are increasingly equipped with unit drives for AC and DC / UC operation. That is, for the different types of control, the same iron circle is used. In this case, for example, lathed E-magnet systems or T-anchor systems are used. DC / UC drives are usually realized by connecting a control electronics. However, such E-magnet systems have a problem with the pure AC drive in the suit of the devices.
  • WO 20012/157 174 A1 is an electromagnetic relay forth with fixed and movable contacts, which are fixed to a contact carrier, which is coupled to a movable armature, which is arranged opposite to a yoke, wherein between the armature and yoke, an armature return spring and a magnetic coil are arranged, wherein a switch is arranged with a switching element in front of the magnetic coil.
  • the DE 102 35 297 B3 discloses a control arrangement for an electromagnetic drive. It contains first and second electronic switching means, which act in conjunction with a timer in the starting phase or in the holding phase, the drive coil with a corresponding DC voltage. By a controlled by the timer voltage source and a down-regulating DC-DC converter, a pull-in voltage or a holding voltage are provided.
  • the DE 41 40 034 A1 discloses a drive circuit for a voltage applied to an AC line contactor, through which a load is switchable, with an electronic circuit controlled by a semiconductor switching device, which is in series with the coil of the contactor.
  • a semiconductor switching device which is in series with the coil of the contactor.
  • the GB 2 178 597 A discloses an electrical switching device having a switching contact pair, a switching mechanism having a trigger mechanism with a releasable lever for initiating the opening movement of the switch contacts, and having at least one current-dependent means for triggering the releasable lever upon the occurrence of a predetermined overcurrent, the two switch contacts to two are arranged in the contact closing state approximately parallel to each other and in opposite directions through which the switch current flows through contact arms, one of which is coupled to the releasable lever and the other is releasably coupled to an electromagnetic actuator.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic contactor, which realizes a defined tilting behavior in a simple manner.
  • this object is achieved by an electromagnetic contactor with fixed and movable contacts which are fixed to a contact carrier which is coupled to a movable armature, which is arranged opposite to a yoke, wherein an armature return spring and a magnetic coil are arranged between the armature and yoke ,
  • the Invention is characterized in that a switch with a switching element is arranged in front of the magnetic coil.
  • the switching element according to the invention may be formed, for example, as a thyristor, triac, transistor or relay.
  • the switching element in the switch in front of the magnetic coil only then releases the voltage to the magnetic coil when a certain voltage is exceeded.
  • the voltage is detected at the input terminals, for example via a comparator, a zener diode or a varistor.
  • the voltage at the magnetic coil can also be detected, for example via a comparator, a Zener diode or a varistor, in order to avoid, for example, in the case of thyristors a phase control over the entire period of operation.
  • the two detected voltages are then evaluated (for example, by a microcontroller, comparator, an operational amplifier, a Logic gate or via discrete components) and depending on the set values, the switching element is activated.
  • the switching element according to the invention in the switch in front of the magnetic coil is designed so that it switches off the voltage at the magnetic coil when a certain voltage is exceeded.
  • the voltage at the input terminals for example via a comparator, a Zener diode or a varistor detected.
  • the detected voltage is then evaluated, for example, by a microcontroller, comparator, operational amplifier, logic gates or discrete components, and depending on the set values, the switching element according to the invention is deactivated.
  • the advantages are that the solenoid coil is reached by voltage levels that allow clean switching. Also in this embodiment, there is no longer the risk that the contacts will be welded due to too low a voltage and a simultaneous magnetic shock. Also in this embodiment, there is no energy consumption below the switch-off threshold.
  • the switching element is designed such that the switching element switches off the voltage to the magnetic coil when a certain voltage is reached.
  • the voltage at the input terminals is detected.
  • the detected voltage is then evaluated, and depending on the set values, the switching element is deactivated.
  • the invention provides that the switching element is designed such that the switching element only then releases the voltage to the magnetic coil when a certain voltage is exceeded.
  • the voltage is detected at the input terminals.
  • the voltage at the magnetic coil can also be detected in order to avoid, for example, in the case of thyristors a phase control over the entire period of operation. The two detected voltages are then evaluated and the switching element is activated depending on the set values.
  • the switching element may preferably be designed as a thyristor or as a triac or as a transistor or as a relay.
  • a first detection unit is arranged in the switch, which detects the input voltage and forwards to an evaluation and control unit, which then controls the switching element.
  • a second detection unit is arranged in the switch, which detects the coil voltage and forwards it to the evaluation and control unit, which then controls the switching element via the evaluated voltage values for both voltages.
  • the switch is an AC switch.
  • the electromagnetic contactor according to the invention is characterized in that a defined tilting behavior is made possible by positioning a switching element such as, for example, a thyristor, a triac, a transistor or a relay in a switch in front of the magnetic coil.
  • a switching element such as, for example, a thyristor, a triac, a transistor or a relay in a switch in front of the magnetic coil.
  • This defined tilting behavior prevents the contactor from fluttering due to the fact that the magnetic coil is only reached by voltage values which lead to a defined switching operation.
  • the inventive arrangement with switching element also leads to a welding of the contacts is avoided due to a too low voltage when switching. Furthermore, there is no energy consumption below the switch-on threshold or below the switch-off threshold.
  • Fig. 1 shows a circuit diagram of an electromagnetic contactor according to the invention, in which between a voltage source 1 and a solenoid coil 2, preferably an AC switch 3 is connected.
  • Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram of an AC switch 3 according to the invention, in which via a detection unit 4, the input voltage is detected, this is passed to an evaluation and control unit 5 and the evaluation is transmitted as a result to a switching element 6.
  • the switching element 6 according to the invention can be designed as a thyristor, triac, transistor or relay.
  • the switching element 6 may be formed in front of the magnetic coil such that only then the voltage is released to the magnetic coil 2 when a certain voltage is exceeded.
  • the switching element 6 may be designed such that it switches off the voltage to the magnetic coil 2 in front of the magnetic coil 2, when a certain voltage is exceeded.
  • Fig. 3 is also a circuit diagram of an AC switch 3, wherein in addition to the detection unit 4 for the input voltage, an additional coil voltage detection unit 7 has been implemented in the AC switch 3.
  • the respective detection units 4, 7 transmit their values to the evaluation and control unit 5, which then transmit the result of both evaluated voltage values to the switching element 6.
  • the electromagnetic contactor according to the invention is characterized in that by positioning a switching element such as a thyristor, a triac, a transistor or a relay, in a switch in front of the magnetic coil a defined tilting behavior is made possible.
  • This defined tilting behavior prevents the contactor from fluttering due to the fact that the magnetic coil is only reached by voltage values which lead to a defined switching operation.
  • the inventive arrangement with switching element also leads to a welding the contacts due to a too low voltage when switching is avoided. Furthermore, there is no energy consumption below the switch-on threshold or below the switch-off threshold.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektromagnetisches Schaltschütz mit festen und beweglichen Kontakten, die an einem Kontaktträger fixiert sind, der mit einem beweglichen Anker gekoppelt ist, der gegenüber liegend zu einem Joch angeordnet ist, wobei zwischen Anker und Joch eine Ankerrückstellfeder und eine Magnetspule angeordnet sind.The invention relates to an electromagnetic contactor with fixed and movable contacts, which are fixed to a contact carrier, which is coupled to a movable armature, which is arranged opposite to a yoke, wherein an armature return spring and a magnetic coil are arranged between the armature and yoke.

Schütze werden aus Kostengründen immer häufiger mit Einheitsantrieben für AC- und DC/UC-Betätigung ausgestattet. Das heißt, für die unterschiedlichen Ansteuerungsarten wird der gleiche Eisenkreis verwendet. Hierbei werden zum Beispiel geblechte E-Magnetsysteme oder T-Ankersysteme eingesetzt. DC/UC-Antriebe werden dabei meist durch Vorschalten einer Ansteuerelektronik verwirklicht. Solche E-Magnetsysteme haben aber bei reiner AC-Ansteuerung ein Problem beim Anzug der Geräte.For cost reasons, contactors are increasingly equipped with unit drives for AC and DC / UC operation. That is, for the different types of control, the same iron circle is used. In this case, for example, lathed E-magnet systems or T-anchor systems are used. DC / UC drives are usually realized by connecting a control electronics. However, such E-magnet systems have a problem with the pure AC drive in the suit of the devices.

Die Forderung, ein Kippverhalten nach der Norm NFC63-110 (Normes francaises appareillage industriel a basse tension) wird bei reiner AC-Ansteuerung nicht mehr erreicht. Für die AC-Ansteuerung gibt es keine Einschaltschwelle, was dazu führt, dass bei Anlegen der AC-Spannung an die Spule sich das Magnetsystem in Bewegung setzt, wenn die Energie im Magnetsystem so hoch ist, dass die Kraft der Rückdruckfeder überwunden wird. Problematisch ist nun, dass das Magnetsystem gegen die Hauptkontaktfeder läuft, womit ein Hängenbleiben des Magnetsystems verbunden sein kann. Das heißt, es wird insgesamt kein definiertes Kippverhalten ausgelöst.The requirement, a tilting behavior according to the standard NFC63-110 (Normes francaises appareillage industriel a base tension) is no longer achieved with pure AC control. There is no switch-on threshold for the AC drive, which means that when the AC voltage is applied to the coil, the magnet system starts moving when the energy in the magnet system is so high that the force of the return spring is overcome. The problem now is that the magnet system runs against the main contact spring, which can be connected to a snagging of the magnet system. This means that overall no defined tilting behavior is triggered.

Es sind Antriebssysteme beispielsweise für T-Ankermagnetsysteme bekannt, die jedoch nicht über das Kippverhalten nach der Norm NFC63-110 verfügen. Das Kippverhalten wird hier innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Arbeitsbereichs erreicht. Um die Anforderung nach der Norm zu erfüllen, das heißt, das Hochregeln der Prüfspannung bis das Gerät ohne Verharrzeit einschaltet, ist eine Ansteuerelektronik erforderlich. Dies ist jedoch mit einem erheblichen Kostenaufwand verbunden.Drive systems are known, for example for T-armature magnet systems, but do not have the tilting behavior according to the standard NFC63-110. The tilting behavior is achieved here within a given working range. To meet the requirement of the standard, that is, the up-grading the test voltage until the device turns on without persistence, a control electronics is required. However, this is associated with a considerable cost.

Aus der WO 20012/157 174 A1 geht ein elektromagnetisches Relais hervor mit festen und beweglichen Kontakten, die an einem Kontaktträger fixiert sind, der mit einem beweglichen Anker gekoppelt ist, der gegenüberliegend zu einem Joch angeordnet ist, wobei zwischen Anker und Joch eine Ankerrückstellfeder und eine Magnetspule angeordnet sind, wobei ein Schalter mit einem Schaltelement vor der Magnetspule angeordnet ist.From the WO 20012/157 174 A1 is an electromagnetic relay forth with fixed and movable contacts, which are fixed to a contact carrier, which is coupled to a movable armature, which is arranged opposite to a yoke, wherein between the armature and yoke, an armature return spring and a magnetic coil are arranged, wherein a switch is arranged with a switching element in front of the magnetic coil.

Die DE 102 35 297 B3 offenbart eine Steueranordnung für einen elektromagnetischen Antrieb. Sie enthält erste und zweite elektronische Schaltmittel, die in Verbindung mit einem Zeitglied in der Anzugsphase beziehungsweise in der Haltephase die Antriebsspule mit einer entsprechenden Gleichspannung beaufschlagen. Durch eine vom Zeitglied gesteuerte Spannungsquelle und einen abwärts regelnden Gleichspannungswandler werden eine Anzugsspannung beziehungsweise eine Haltespannung zur Verfügung gestellt.The DE 102 35 297 B3 discloses a control arrangement for an electromagnetic drive. It contains first and second electronic switching means, which act in conjunction with a timer in the starting phase or in the holding phase, the drive coil with a corresponding DC voltage. By a controlled by the timer voltage source and a down-regulating DC-DC converter, a pull-in voltage or a holding voltage are provided.

Aus der DE 197 31 269 A1 geht eine Vorrichtung zum Schalten von elektrischen Kontakten hervor, mit einem durch einen Schaltstrom zu betätigenden elektromechanischen Schaltmechanismus für die Herstellung oder/und Aufhebung einer Leitungsverbindung zwischen den Kontakten. Es ist außerdem vorgesehen, eine zu dem elektromechanischen Schaltmechanismus in Reihe geschaltete zur Freigabe des Schaltstroms ansteuerbare Stromtorschalteinrichtung zu verwenden.From the DE 197 31 269 A1 discloses a device for switching electrical contacts, with an actuatable by a switching current electromechanical switching mechanism for the preparation and / or cancellation of a line connection between the contacts. It is also contemplated to use a switched to the electromechanical switching mechanism in series to enable the switching current controllable Stromtorschalteinrichtung.

Die DE 41 40 034 A1 offenbart eine Ansteuerschaltung für ein an einer Netzwechselspannung anliegendes Schütz, durch welches eine Last schaltbar ist, mit einer von einer Elektronikschaltung gesteuerten Halbleiter-Schalteinrichtung, die in Reihe zur Spule des Schütz liegt. Um bei einer Störung ein abfallendes Schütz zu gewährleisten, ist eine Parallelschaltung von zwei Halbleiterschaltern vorgesehen. Diese liegt in Reihe zu einem Kondensator, der sich nur bei ungestörten Halbleiterschaltern mit der Netzfrequenz über den einen Halbleiterschalter lädt und über den anderen Halbleiterschalter entlädt und sich bei Störung der Halbleiterschalter auf eine den Spulenstrom unterbrechende Spannung lädt.The DE 41 40 034 A1 discloses a drive circuit for a voltage applied to an AC line contactor, through which a load is switchable, with an electronic circuit controlled by a semiconductor switching device, which is in series with the coil of the contactor. In order to ensure a falling contactor in the event of a fault, there is a parallel connection provided by two semiconductor switches. This is in series with a capacitor which charges only in undisturbed semiconductor switches with the mains frequency via the one semiconductor switch and discharges via the other semiconductor switch and loads in case of failure of the semiconductor switch to a coil current interrupting voltage.

Die GB 2 178 597 A offenbart ein elektrisches Schaltgerät mit einem Schaltkontaktpaar, einem Schaltmechanismus, der einen Auslösemechanismus mit einem freigebbaren Hebel zur Einleitung der Öffnungsbewegung der Schaltkontakte aufweist, und mit mindestens einer Strom abhängigen Einrichtung zur Auslösung des freigebbaren Hebels beim Auftreten eines vorgegebenen Überstroms, wobei die beiden Schaltkontakte an zwei schwenkbaren, im Kontaktschließzustand etwa parallel zueinander verlaufenden und gegensinnig vom Schalterstrom durchflossenen Kontaktarmen angeordnet sind, von denen der eine mit dem freigebbaren Hebel gekuppelt und der andere lösbar mit einer elektromagnetischen Betätigungseinrichtung gekuppelt ist.The GB 2 178 597 A discloses an electrical switching device having a switching contact pair, a switching mechanism having a trigger mechanism with a releasable lever for initiating the opening movement of the switch contacts, and having at least one current-dependent means for triggering the releasable lever upon the occurrence of a predetermined overcurrent, the two switch contacts to two are arranged in the contact closing state approximately parallel to each other and in opposite directions through which the switch current flows through contact arms, one of which is coupled to the releasable lever and the other is releasably coupled to an electromagnetic actuator.

Demgemäß besteht die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung darin, ein elektromagnetisches Schaltschütz zu schaffen, das auf einfache Weise ein definiertes Kippverhalten realisiert.Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic contactor, which realizes a defined tilting behavior in a simple manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein elektromagnetisches Schaltschütz mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Aus- und Weiterbildungen, welche einzeln oder in Kombination miteinander eingesetzt werden können, sind der Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved by an electromagnetic contactor with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and developments, which can be used individually or in combination with each other, are the subject of the dependent claims.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch ein elektromagnetisches Schaltschütz mit festen und beweglichen Kontakten gelöst, die an einem Kontaktträger fixiert sind, der mit einem beweglichen Anker gekoppelt ist, der gegenüberliegend zu einem Joch angeordnet ist, wobei zwischen Anker und Joch eine Ankerrückstellfeder und eine Magnetspule angeordnet sind. Die Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass vor der Magnetspule ein Schalter mit einem Schaltelement angeordnet ist.According to the invention this object is achieved by an electromagnetic contactor with fixed and movable contacts which are fixed to a contact carrier which is coupled to a movable armature, which is arranged opposite to a yoke, wherein an armature return spring and a magnetic coil are arranged between the armature and yoke , The Invention is characterized in that a switch with a switching element is arranged in front of the magnetic coil.

Das erfindungsgemäße Schaltelement kann beispielsweise als Thyristor, Triac, Transistor oder Relais ausgebildet sein.The switching element according to the invention may be formed, for example, as a thyristor, triac, transistor or relay.

In einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel schaltet das Schaltelement im Schalter vor der Magnetspule erst dann die Spannung an die Magnetspule frei, wenn eine bestimmte Spannung überschritten wird. Die Spannung wird an den Eingangsklemmen detektiert, zum Beispiel über einen Komparator, eine Z-Diode oder einen Varistor. Die Spannung an der Magnetspule kann ebenfalls detektiert werden, beispielsweise über einen Komparator, eine Z-Diode oder einen Varistor, um zum Beispiel bei Thyristoren einen Phasenanschnitt über den gesamten Zeitraum des Betriebes zu vermeiden. Die beiden detektierten Spannungen werden anschließend ausgewertet (zum Beispiel durch einen Mikrocontroller, Komparator, einen Operationsverstärker, ein Logikgatter oder über diskrete Bauteile) und in Abhängigkeit von den eingestellten Werten wird das Schaltelement angesteuert.In a first embodiment, the switching element in the switch in front of the magnetic coil only then releases the voltage to the magnetic coil when a certain voltage is exceeded. The voltage is detected at the input terminals, for example via a comparator, a zener diode or a varistor. The voltage at the magnetic coil can also be detected, for example via a comparator, a Zener diode or a varistor, in order to avoid, for example, in the case of thyristors a phase control over the entire period of operation. The two detected voltages are then evaluated (for example, by a microcontroller, comparator, an operational amplifier, a Logic gate or via discrete components) and depending on the set values, the switching element is activated.

Die Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung mit Schaltelement vor der Magnetspule bestehen darin, dass die Magnetspule nur noch von Spannungswerten erreicht wird, die zu einer sauberen Schaltung führen. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Schaltelement wird ein Flattern des Schütz vermieden. Es besteht auch nicht mehr das Risiko, dass es wegen einer zu geringen Spannung beim Einschalten zum Verschweißen der Kontakte kommt. Zudem gibt es keinen Energieverbrauch unterhalb der Einschaltschwelle.The advantages of the arrangement according to the invention with a switching element in front of the magnetic coil are that the magnetic coil is only reached by voltage values which lead to a clean circuit. By switching element according to the invention a flutter of the contactor is avoided. There is also no longer the risk that it comes to welding the contacts because of too low a voltage when switching on. In addition, there is no energy consumption below the switch-on threshold.

In einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das erfindungsgemäße Schaltelement im Schalter vor der Magnetspule so ausgebildet, dass es die Spannung an der Magnetspule wegschaltet, wenn eine bestimmte Spannung unterschritten wird. Auch hier wird die Spannung an den Eingangsklemmen zum Beispiel über einen Komparator, eine Z-Diode oder einen Varistor detektiert. Die detektierte Spannung wird anschließend zum Beispiel durch einen Mikrocontroller, Komparator, Operationsverstärker, Logikgatter oder diskrete Bauteile ausgewertet, und in Abhängigkeit von den eingestellten Werten wird das erfindungsgemäße Schaltelement abgesteuert.In a second embodiment, the switching element according to the invention in the switch in front of the magnetic coil is designed so that it switches off the voltage at the magnetic coil when a certain voltage is exceeded. Again, the voltage at the input terminals, for example via a comparator, a Zener diode or a varistor detected. The detected voltage is then evaluated, for example, by a microcontroller, comparator, operational amplifier, logic gates or discrete components, and depending on the set values, the switching element according to the invention is deactivated.

Auch hier bestehen die Vorteile darin, dass die Magnetspule von Spannungswerten erreicht wird, die ein sauberes Schalten ermöglichen. Auch bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel besteht nicht mehr die Gefahr, dass die Kontakte auf Grund einer zu geringen Spannung und eines gleichzeitigen magnetischen Stoßes verschweißen. Auch bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel besteht kein Energieverbrauch unterhalb der Ausschaltschwelle.Again, the advantages are that the solenoid coil is reached by voltage levels that allow clean switching. Also in this embodiment, there is no longer the risk that the contacts will be welded due to too low a voltage and a simultaneous magnetic shock. Also in this embodiment, there is no energy consumption below the switch-off threshold.

In einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel kann erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein, dass das Schaltelement derart ausgebildet ist, dass das Schaltelement die Spannung an die Magnetspule wegschaltet, wenn eine bestimmte Spannung unterschritten ist. Hierbei wird die Spannung an den Eingangsklemmen detektiert. Die detektierte Spannung wird anschließend ausgewertet, und in Abhängigkeit von den eingestellten Werten wird das Schaltelement abgesteuert.In a first embodiment, it may be provided according to the invention that the switching element is designed such that the switching element switches off the voltage to the magnetic coil when a certain voltage is reached. In this case, the voltage at the input terminals is detected. The detected voltage is then evaluated, and depending on the set values, the switching element is deactivated.

In einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass das Schaltelement derart ausgebildet ist, dass das Schaltelement erst dann die Spannung an die Magnetspule freischaltet, wenn eine bestimmte Spannung überschritten ist. Auch hier wird die Spannung an den Eingangsklemmen detektiert. Die Spannung an der Magnetspule kann ebenfalls detektiert werden, um zum Beispiel bei Thyristoren einen Phasenanschnitt über den gesamten Zeitraum des Betriebes zu vermeiden. Die beiden detektierten Spannungen werden anschließend ausgewertet und in Abhängigkeit von den eingestellten Werten wird das Schaltelement angesteuert.In a second embodiment, the invention provides that the switching element is designed such that the switching element only then releases the voltage to the magnetic coil when a certain voltage is exceeded. Again, the voltage is detected at the input terminals. The voltage at the magnetic coil can also be detected in order to avoid, for example, in the case of thyristors a phase control over the entire period of operation. The two detected voltages are then evaluated and the switching element is activated depending on the set values.

Erfindungsgemäß kann das Schaltelement vorzugsweise als Thyristor oder als Triac oder als Transistor oder als Relais ausgebildet sein.According to the invention, the switching element may preferably be designed as a thyristor or as a triac or as a transistor or as a relay.

Bei einem besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass im Schalter eine erste Detektionseinheit angeordnet ist, die die Eingangsspannung detektiert und an eine Auswerte- und Steuereinheit weiterleitet, die dann das Schaltelement steuert.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that a first detection unit is arranged in the switch, which detects the input voltage and forwards to an evaluation and control unit, which then controls the switching element.

Als Weiterführung des obigen Ausführungsbeispiels kann vorgesehen sein dass im Schalter eine zweite Detektionseinheit angeordnet ist, die die Spulenspannung detektiert und an die Auswerte- und Steuereinheit weiterleitet, die dann über die ausgewerteten Spannungswerte für beide Spannungen das Schaltelement steuert.As a continuation of the above embodiment it can be provided that a second detection unit is arranged in the switch, which detects the coil voltage and forwards it to the evaluation and control unit, which then controls the switching element via the evaluated voltage values for both voltages.

Es kann zudem vorgesehen sein, dass der Schalter ein AC-Schalter ist.It can also be provided that the switch is an AC switch.

Das erfindungsgemäße elektromagnetische Schaltschütz zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass durch Positionierung eines Schaltelements wie zum Beispiel vorzugsweise eines Thyristors, eines Triac, eines Transitors oder eines Relais, in einem Schalter vor der Magnetspule ein definiertes Kippverhalten ermöglicht wird. Dieses definierte Kippverhalten führt dazu, dass ein Flattern des Schütz vermieden wird, dadurch, dass die Magnetspule nur noch von Spannungswerten erreicht wird, die zu einem definierten Schaltvorgang führen. Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung mit Schaltelement führt außerdem dazu, dass ein Verschweißen der Kontakte auf Grund einer zu geringen Spannung beim Einschalten vermieden wird. Des Weiteren gibt es keinen Energieverbrauch unterhalb der Einschaltschwelle beziehungsweise unterhalb der Ausschaltschwelle.The electromagnetic contactor according to the invention is characterized in that a defined tilting behavior is made possible by positioning a switching element such as, for example, a thyristor, a triac, a transistor or a relay in a switch in front of the magnetic coil. This defined tilting behavior prevents the contactor from fluttering due to the fact that the magnetic coil is only reached by voltage values which lead to a defined switching operation. The inventive arrangement with switching element also leads to a welding of the contacts is avoided due to a too low voltage when switching. Furthermore, there is no energy consumption below the switch-on threshold or below the switch-off threshold.

Weitere Vorteile und Ausführungen der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels sowie anhand der Zeichnung erläutert.Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment and with reference to the drawing.

Dabei zeigen schematisch:

  • Fig. 1 eine Schaltskizze eines erfindungsgemäßen elektromagnetischen Schaltschütz, bei welchem zwischen Spannungsquelle und Magnetspule vorzugsweise ein AC-Schalter geschaltet ist;
  • Fig. 2 eine Schaltskizze eines erfindungsgemäßen AC-Schalters, bei welchen nur die Eingangsspannung detektiert wird;
  • Fig. 3 eine Schaltskizze eines erfindungsgemäßen AC-Schalters, bei welchen die Eingangsspannung und die Magnetspulenspannung detektiert wird.
Here are shown schematically:
  • Fig. 1 a circuit diagram of an electromagnetic contactor according to the invention, in which between the voltage source and solenoid preferably an AC switch is connected;
  • Fig. 2 a circuit diagram of an AC switch according to the invention, in which only the input voltage is detected;
  • Fig. 3 a circuit diagram of an AC switch according to the invention, in which the input voltage and the magnetic coil voltage is detected.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Schaltskizze eines erfindungsgemäßen elektromagnetischen Schaltschütz, bei welchem zwischen einer Spannungsquelle 1 und einer Magnetspule 2 vorzugsweise ein AC- Schalter 3 geschaltet ist. Fig. 1 shows a circuit diagram of an electromagnetic contactor according to the invention, in which between a voltage source 1 and a solenoid coil 2, preferably an AC switch 3 is connected.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Schaltskizze eines erfindungsgemäßen AC-Schalters 3, bei welchem über eine Detektionseinheit 4 die Eingangsspannung detektiert wird, diese an eine Auswerte- und Steuereinheit 5 weitergegeben wird und die Auswertung als Resultat an ein Schaltelement 6 übermittelt wird. Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram of an AC switch 3 according to the invention, in which via a detection unit 4, the input voltage is detected, this is passed to an evaluation and control unit 5 and the evaluation is transmitted as a result to a switching element 6.

Das erfindungsgemäße Schaltelement 6 kann als Thyristor, Triac, Transistor oder Relais ausgebildet sein.The switching element 6 according to the invention can be designed as a thyristor, triac, transistor or relay.

In einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel kann das Schaltelement 6 vor der Magnetspule derart ausgebildet sein, dass erst dann die Spannung an die Magnetspule 2 freigeschalten wird, wenn eine bestimmte Spannung überschritten wird.In a first embodiment, the switching element 6 may be formed in front of the magnetic coil such that only then the voltage is released to the magnetic coil 2 when a certain voltage is exceeded.

In einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel kann das Schaltelement 6 derart ausgebildet sein, dass es vor der Magnetspule 2 die Spannung an die Magnetspule 2 wegschaltet, wenn eine bestimmte Spannung unterschritten wird.In a second embodiment, the switching element 6 may be designed such that it switches off the voltage to the magnetic coil 2 in front of the magnetic coil 2, when a certain voltage is exceeded.

In Fig. 3 ist ebenfalls eine Schaltskizze eines AC-Schalters 3 dargestellt, wobei hier neben der Detektionseinheit 4 für die Eingangsspannung noch eine zusätzliche Detektionseinheit 7 für die Spulenspannung in den AC-Schalter 3 implementiert wurde. Die jeweiligen Detektionseinheiten 4, 7 übermitteln ihre Werte an die Auswerte- und Steuereinheit 5, die dann das Resultat beider ausgewerteter Spannungswerte an das Schaltelement 6 übermitteln.In Fig. 3 is also a circuit diagram of an AC switch 3, wherein in addition to the detection unit 4 for the input voltage, an additional coil voltage detection unit 7 has been implemented in the AC switch 3. The respective detection units 4, 7 transmit their values to the evaluation and control unit 5, which then transmit the result of both evaluated voltage values to the switching element 6.

Das erfindungsgemäße elektromagnetische Schaltschütz zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass durch Positionierung eines Schaltelements wie zum Beispiel eines Thyristors, eines Triac, eines Transitors oder eines Relais, in einem Schalter vor der Magnetspule ein definiertes Kippverhalten ermöglicht wird. Dieses definierte Kippverhalten führt dazu, dass ein Flattern des Schütz vermieden wird, dadurch, dass die Magnetspule nur noch von Spannungswerten erreicht wird, die zu einem definierten Schaltvorgang führen. Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung mit Schaltelement führt außerdem dazu, dass ein Verschweißen der Kontakte auf Grund einer zu geringen Spannung beim Einschalten vermieden wird. Des Weiteren gibt es keinen Energieverbrauch unterhalb der Einschaltschwelle beziehungsweise unterhalb der Ausschaltschwelle.The electromagnetic contactor according to the invention is characterized in that by positioning a switching element such as a thyristor, a triac, a transistor or a relay, in a switch in front of the magnetic coil a defined tilting behavior is made possible. This defined tilting behavior prevents the contactor from fluttering due to the fact that the magnetic coil is only reached by voltage values which lead to a defined switching operation. The inventive arrangement with switching element also leads to a welding the contacts due to a too low voltage when switching is avoided. Furthermore, there is no energy consumption below the switch-on threshold or below the switch-off threshold.

Claims (6)

  1. Electromagnetic switching contactor comprising fixed and moving contacts which are fixed to a contact support which is coupled to a moving armature which is arranged opposite a yoke, wherein an armature return spring and a magnet coil (2) are arranged between the armature and the yoke, characterized in that a switch (3) having a switching element (6) is arranged in front of the magnet coil (2) in order to allow a defined tilting behaviour, wherein the defined tilting behaviour leads to fluttering of the contactor being avoided on account of only voltage values which lead to a defined switching process reaching the magnet coil, wherein a first detection unit (4) is arranged in the switch (3), the said first detection unit detecting the input voltage and passing on the said input voltage to an evaluation and control unit (5) which then controls the switching element (6), and wherein the switch (3) is an AC switch.
  2. Switching contactor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the switching element (6) is a thyristor.
  3. Switching contactor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the switching element (6) is a triac.
  4. Switching contactor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the switching element (6) is a transistor.
  5. Switching contactor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the switching element (6) is a relay.
  6. Switching contactor according to Claim 1, characterized in that a second detection unit (7) is arranged in the switch (3), the said second detection unit detecting the coil voltage and passing on the said coil voltage to the evaluation and control unit (5) which then controls the switching element (6) by means of the evaluated voltage values of the two voltages.
EP13780335.9A 2012-12-19 2013-10-16 Electromagnetic contactor Active EP2880672B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210223749 DE102012223749A1 (en) 2012-12-19 2012-12-19 Electromagnetic contactor
PCT/EP2013/071588 WO2014095114A1 (en) 2012-12-19 2013-10-16 Electromagnetic contactor

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EP2880672A1 EP2880672A1 (en) 2015-06-10
EP2880672B1 true EP2880672B1 (en) 2017-03-22

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DE4219834A1 (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-23 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic switch

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DE2110071A1 (en) * 1971-03-03 1972-09-14 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie AC-excited switching device
DE2601799A1 (en) * 1976-01-20 1977-07-21 Licentia Gmbh Switch for electromagnetic contact actuation - has sensor in contactor electromagnetic range whose signals affect electronic switching element
DE3118416A1 (en) * 1981-05-09 1982-11-25 INSTA Elektro GmbH & Co KG, 5880 Lüdenscheid Circuit arrangement for controlling an electromechanical relay which is supplied from an AC mains power supply
US4680562A (en) * 1985-07-29 1987-07-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Integral circuit interrupter with separable modules
DE4140034A1 (en) * 1991-12-05 1993-06-09 Ako-Werke Gmbh & Co Kg, 7988 Wangen, De Energising circuit for mains voltage electromagnetic switch controlling e.g. washing machine - has two parallel-connected semiconductor switches in series with capacitor which is charged and discharged during positive and negative half cycles
EP0558868A1 (en) * 1992-03-06 1993-09-08 ABUS Kransysteme GmbH & Co. KG. Arrangement for a contact winding
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DE10235297B3 (en) * 2002-08-02 2004-02-19 Moeller Gmbh Control device for electromagnetic drive e.g. for switching device, has drive coil connected in series between 2 controlled electronic switches
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JP2012243590A (en) * 2011-05-19 2012-12-10 Fuji Electric Fa Components & Systems Co Ltd Electromagnetic contactor

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DE4219834A1 (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-23 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic switch

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DE102012223749A1 (en) 2014-06-26
EP2880672A1 (en) 2015-06-10
CN204809127U (en) 2015-11-25
WO2014095114A1 (en) 2014-06-26

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