EP2878377A1 - Dispositif de purification de gaz - Google Patents

Dispositif de purification de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2878377A1
EP2878377A1 EP14194925.5A EP14194925A EP2878377A1 EP 2878377 A1 EP2878377 A1 EP 2878377A1 EP 14194925 A EP14194925 A EP 14194925A EP 2878377 A1 EP2878377 A1 EP 2878377A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
filter material
conductive
gas
flow space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14194925.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2878377B1 (fr
Inventor
Jochen Deichmann
Lutz Deichmann
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Individual
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Publication of EP2878377A1 publication Critical patent/EP2878377A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2878377B1 publication Critical patent/EP2878377B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
    • B03C3/155—Filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/60—Use of special materials other than liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/80—Cleaning the electrodes by gas or solid particle blasting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for purifying gases with a filter container, in which a flow space is formed for the gas to be cleaned, at least one arranged in the flow space and a discharge electrode arranged in the flow space deposition electrode, wherein by applying a voltage between the discharge electrode and the deposition electrode particles of the gas to be purified are deposited on the deposition electrode.
  • electrostatic precipitators in which in an electric field, a negative discharge electrode and a deposition electrode are provided. By applying a high voltage, particles are charged and deposited on the deposition electrode.
  • electrostatic precipitators there is the problem that, on the one hand, the degree of separation is limited and, on the other hand, the separating electrode is contaminated and, as a result, the filter performance is impaired.
  • a mechanical cleaning is usually associated with considerable effort and is not possible in every case.
  • the deposition electrode is formed as a flow-through conductive filter material for the mechanical filtering of particles. This ensures that the gas to be purified flows through the filter material which can be flowed through, and thus the distance between the particles and the separation electrode is extremely small, so that the cleaning performance is increased.
  • the combination of a mechanical filtering and filtering according to the principle of the electrostatic filter can thus improve the filtering. For cleaning only the through-flowable filter material of the separation electrode must be cleaned.
  • the separation electrodes made of conductive materials are flowed through by the gas to be purified in the novel electrostatic precipitators and in particular cleaned by means of pneumatic backwashing.
  • the deposition electrodes or filter elements can consist of multilayer fabrics, nonwovens, porous materials or fillings.
  • the deposition electrodes or filter elements are made of stainless steels
  • the deposition electrode has a conductive filter fabric and / or a conductive filter fleece, and other porous / effetström bare conductive materials made from granules or chips are conceivable
  • the deposition / filter elements can be made of metal, especially stainless steel.
  • the deposition electrode can also be used at high temperatures, in particular for the purification of combustion gases.
  • the filter material may be made of fibers, granules or chips, which have a thickness of less than 2mm or 0.5 mm, in particular less than 0.3 mm.
  • Such fibers, wires, granules or chips can be processed into a filter material whose mesh size or pore size is less than 2 mm, in particular less than 0.6 mm, for example less than 0.3 mm, so that even smaller particles are already mechanically filtered.
  • the filter material may comprise a plurality of layers with a conductive filter fabric and / or a conductive filter fleece.
  • the layers may have different or equal permeability to gases. The permeability can be reduced from the outside to the inside.
  • the layers may for example consist of wire mesh with the same or different mesh size.
  • the filter material preferably has a thickness of more than 2 mm, in particular between 5 mm and 30 mm.
  • the filter material may be formed tubular, bag-shaped or hood-shaped.
  • the filter material of the deposition electrode can be held on dimensionally stable support bodies, such as baskets, in order to assume a defined position within the flow space.
  • dimensionally stable support bodies such as baskets.
  • the production of self-supporting filter elements is conceivable, for example, a self-rigid wire mesh. As a result, both the function of the electrostatic precipitator and the cleaning can be optimized.
  • a blowing in of a cleaning gas in countercurrent operation is preferably used.
  • the flow space is traversed in the region of the filter material by the gas to be cleaned in a first direction, wherein the filter material can be flowed through by a cleaning gas against this flow direction in a second direction, so that detached and collected on the filter material deposited particles in a pneumatic cleaning can be.
  • Such a pneumatic cleaning can be done at regular intervals, with an automatic cleaning is possible.
  • Such cleaning can be carried out simultaneously for all hose, bag or hood-shaped filter elements in the flow space or even for individual subgroups of filter elements.
  • the tubular, pocket or hood-shaped filter elements can be kept vertically suspended or horizontally lying or cantilevered or even arranged at an angle between vertically and horizontally in the flow space.
  • the filter elements are arranged at an angle between 15 ° and 45 °, in particular about 30 ° deflected from the vertical.
  • the flow through the raw gas is designed so that a falling flow is realized in the filter housing (down flow principle).
  • a plurality of spray electrodes in the form of spray wires arranged.
  • the spray electrodes can be stretched between insulators in the flow space and provided at a defined distance, for example between 3 cm and 30 cm, spaced from the deposition electrodes.
  • the spray electrodes may be aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter elements or at an angle thereto, in particular also at right angles.
  • the device according to the invention for purifying gases is particularly suitable for the purification of hot gases, especially combustion gases, especially when the filter material is made of a filter fabric or a filter fabric of metal.
  • the gases may have a temperature greater than 100 ° C, in particular greater than 200 ° C, if necessary, but also temperatures of over 300 or above 400 ° C. Also, the use at ambient temperature is possible.
  • a device 1 for purifying gases comprises a filter container 2, on which an inlet 3 for a gas to be cleaned is formed.
  • a flow space 4 is formed, in which a plurality of discharge electrodes 20 and deposition electrodes 5 is arranged.
  • the deposition electrodes 5 are formed as a filter material through which flow is possible, in particular of a filter fabric and / or a filter fabric, granules or chips made of an electrically conductive material.
  • metallic materials are used for the filter material, for example stainless steel.
  • the filter material can be made of fibers, wires, granules or chips, which have a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm, in particular between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm.
  • the thickness of the filter material is preferably in a range between 2 mm and 30 mm, wherein the filter material can be arranged in one or more layers, in particular also 2 to 15 layers of filter material can be used. If a lattice-shaped filter material, for example a filter fabric, is used, the mesh size can be in a range between 0.2 mm and 10 mm, in particular 1 mm to 5 mm.
  • the deposition electrodes 5 made of the filter material are tubular, pocket or hood-shaped and are flowed through from outside to inside by the gas to be cleaned.
  • the deposition electrodes 5 are formed closed on their underside, while they are mounted at its upper side to an intermediate wall 7 in the filter container 2 to a tubular holder 8 hanging.
  • the tubular separating electrodes 5 are thus flowed through from outside to inside, with the purified gas flowing through the tubular holders 8 to an outlet 6 on the filter container 2.
  • a plurality of spray electrodes 20 in the form of spray wires are provided which are respectively stretched between the insulator 21 and the insulator 22 and spaced from the deposition electrodes 5, for example at a distance of between 1 cm and 30 cm, in particular 3 cm to 10 cm.
  • the insulator 21 may be fixed to the intermediate wall 7 via a holder 24, while the insulator 22 is fixed to a holder 23 fixed to the filter container 2.
  • the separation electrodes 5 are held with the filter material to dimensionally stable support bodies, for example on baskets on which the filter material is fixed. As a result, movements relative to the spray electrodes 20 are largely avoided.
  • a cleaning tube 9 is provided above the tubular holder 8, are provided in the nozzle 10, whose opening is directed to the tubular holders 8.
  • a cleaning gas thus be blown into the individual tubular -, pocket or hood-shaped deposition electrodes 5, wherein the cleaning gas is blown against the flow direction of the gas to be cleaned by the filter material.
  • the deposited particles are collected at the deposition electrodes 5 at a hopper 11 at the bottom of the filter container 2 and disposed of via a rotary valve 12 or other means.
  • the cleaning gas is fed into the cleaning pipe 9 by a pressure vessel 13, which can be charged via a compressor 14.
  • a cleaning gas for example, air can be used, wherein a controller 15 is provided is to repeat the cleaning process at certain intervals.
  • pressure measurements can be made via lines 16 and 17 to determine the pressure in the filter tank 2 on the clean gas side and the raw gas side and thereby detect a possible degree of clogging.
  • Other parameters can be used for the controller 15 for cleaning.
  • particles adhering to the precipitation electrode 5 can be blown away counter to the direction of flow so that they are collected in the funnel 11.
  • the pressure and the volume of the blown cleaning gas can be selected depending on the size of the separator electrodes 5 and the filter container 2.
  • FIG. 2 is a horizontal section through the filter container 2 is shown having on one side of the inlet 3 with the gas to be cleaned.
  • a plurality of tubular, pocket or hood-shaped deposition electrodes 5 are arranged hanging from filter material, which are surrounded by a plurality of spray electrodes 20 in the form of spray wires.
  • a voltage source 25 is arranged, which is connected via a line 26 to the individual spray electrodes 2 and with a line 27 to the deposition electrodes 5, which is shown only schematically.
  • an electrical potential is formed between the spray electrodes 20 and the deposition electrodes 5, which may be in a range between 6 kV and 80 kV, for example, in order to be able to achieve a high degree of separation of electrically charged particles.
  • the device 1 according to the invention is particularly suitable for the purification of hot gases, especially combustion gases, which may have temperatures between 250 ° C and over 500 ° C, for example in biomass incinerators, Syntesegasreaktoren or internal combustion engines, for example marine or large diesel engines. Other applications in the field of gas cleaning are possible.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
EP14194925.5A 2013-12-02 2014-11-26 Dispositif et procédé de purification de gaz Not-in-force EP2878377B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013113334.7A DE102013113334A1 (de) 2013-12-02 2013-12-02 Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Gasen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2878377A1 true EP2878377A1 (fr) 2015-06-03
EP2878377B1 EP2878377B1 (fr) 2019-02-13

Family

ID=52003596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14194925.5A Not-in-force EP2878377B1 (fr) 2013-12-02 2014-11-26 Dispositif et procédé de purification de gaz

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2878377B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013113334A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3725412A4 (fr) * 2018-01-15 2021-01-20 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Environmental Solutions, Ltd. Précipitateur électrostatique

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016121344B4 (de) 2016-11-08 2020-07-23 Camfil Apc Gmbh Filteranlage mit zentralem Vorabscheider und Verfahren zum Reinigen einer Filteranlage

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0299197A2 (fr) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-18 MAN Technologie Aktiengesellschaft Filtre électrostatique pour la purification de gaz
EP1669562A1 (fr) * 2003-08-29 2006-06-14 Nissin Electric Co., Ltd. Procede et systeme de traitement de gaz d echappement
US20090151568A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-18 Krigmont Henry V Space efficient hybrid collector
DE102011050759A1 (de) * 2010-06-04 2011-12-08 Bha Group, Inc. Steuerung der Geometrie der geerdeten Oberfläche in elektrostatisch verbesserten Stofffiltern
EP2614894A1 (fr) * 2012-01-12 2013-07-17 Envibat AB Précipitateur électrostatique humide amélioré

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3939645C3 (de) * 1989-11-30 1996-03-21 Gore W L & Ass Gmbh Staubabscheider mit schlauchförmigen Filterelementen und Verfahren zum Wechseln derselben
AT408843B (de) * 2000-05-31 2002-03-25 Scheuch Gmbh Staubfilter
DE102011056062A1 (de) * 2011-12-05 2013-06-06 Jochen Deichmann Anlage zum Reinigen von Filtern und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Anlage zum Reinigen von Filtern

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0299197A2 (fr) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-18 MAN Technologie Aktiengesellschaft Filtre électrostatique pour la purification de gaz
EP1669562A1 (fr) * 2003-08-29 2006-06-14 Nissin Electric Co., Ltd. Procede et systeme de traitement de gaz d echappement
US20090151568A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-18 Krigmont Henry V Space efficient hybrid collector
DE102011050759A1 (de) * 2010-06-04 2011-12-08 Bha Group, Inc. Steuerung der Geometrie der geerdeten Oberfläche in elektrostatisch verbesserten Stofffiltern
EP2614894A1 (fr) * 2012-01-12 2013-07-17 Envibat AB Précipitateur électrostatique humide amélioré

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3725412A4 (fr) * 2018-01-15 2021-01-20 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Environmental Solutions, Ltd. Précipitateur électrostatique
US11484890B2 (en) 2018-01-15 2022-11-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Power Environmental Solutions, Ltd. Electrostatic precipitator

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Publication number Publication date
DE102013113334A1 (de) 2015-06-03
EP2878377B1 (fr) 2019-02-13

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