EP2872251A2 - Catalyseur servant à la production d'acides carboxyliques et/ou d'anhydrides d'acide carboxylique - Google Patents

Catalyseur servant à la production d'acides carboxyliques et/ou d'anhydrides d'acide carboxylique

Info

Publication number
EP2872251A2
EP2872251A2 EP13820174.4A EP13820174A EP2872251A2 EP 2872251 A2 EP2872251 A2 EP 2872251A2 EP 13820174 A EP13820174 A EP 13820174A EP 2872251 A2 EP2872251 A2 EP 2872251A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
catalyst
vanadium
crystalline
weight
antimony
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13820174.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2872251A4 (fr
Inventor
Michael Krämer
Jürgen ZÜHLKE
Stefan Altwasser
Nico Frederik FISCHER
Frank Rosowski
Hans-Martin Allmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to EP13820174.4A priority Critical patent/EP2872251A4/fr
Publication of EP2872251A2 publication Critical patent/EP2872251A2/fr
Publication of EP2872251A4 publication Critical patent/EP2872251A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
    • B01J23/22—Vanadium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/391—Physical properties of the active metal ingredient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/391—Physical properties of the active metal ingredient
    • B01J35/393—Metal or metal oxide crystallite size
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61—Surface area
    • B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0215—Coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0215—Coating
    • B01J37/0225—Coating of metal substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
    • B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/04—Mixing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D307/87—Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans
    • C07D307/89—Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans with two oxygen atoms directly attached in positions 1 and 3

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a catalyst for the preparation of carboxylic acids and / or carboxylic anhydrides, which has a plurality of catalyst layers arranged one behind the other, for the production of which a vanadium antimonate having a maximum content of crystalline valentinite of 5% by weight is used. -% was used. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for gas phase oxidation in which a gas stream comprising at least one hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed through a catalyst having a plurality of successively arranged catalyst layers and for its production a vanadium antimonate having a maximum content of crystalline Valentinit was used by 5 wt .-%.
  • a variety of carboxylic acids and / or carboxylic anhydrides are produced industrially by the catalytic gas phase oxidation of hydrocarbons such as benzene, the xylenes, naphthalene, toluene or durene in fixed bed reactors. You can in this way z.
  • PSA phthalic anhydride
  • a mixture of an oxygen-containing gas and the starting material to be oxidized is passed through tubes containing a bed of catalyst. For temperature control, the tubes are surrounded by a heat transfer medium, for example a molten salt.
  • Antimony trioxide has the property to spread better on titanium dioxide compared to antimony oxide and antimony pentoxide, so that a significantly better distribution on the catalyst is achieved.
  • antimony trioxide There are two different modifications of antimony trioxide, the cubic senarmontite and the orthorhombic valentinite (Golunski, S.E. et al., Appl. Catal., 1989, Vol. 48, pages 123-135).
  • phase-pure Senarmontit used see, Schubert, U. -A. et al., Topics in Catalysis, 2001, Vol. 15 (2-4), pages 195 to 200.
  • WO 2012/014154 describes an increase in the PSA yield by using an antimony trioxide having a Valentinitgehalt of at least 2%.
  • This object is achieved by a catalyst for the production of carboxylic acids and / or carboxylic anhydrides, which has a plurality of successively arranged catalyst layers, in the production of at least one layer of vanadium antimonate is added with a maximum content of crystalline Valentinit of 5 wt .-%.
  • a vanadium antimonate is understood as meaning a substance which has as its essential component a crystalline vanadium antimonate phase (for example Powder Diffraction File (PDF) Nos. 01-81-1219, PDF: 01-77-0331 or PDF: 37-1075). contains.
  • the vanadium antimonate phase may also contain small amounts of their crystalline components, in particular to pure oxides of vanadium and / or antimony, contain.
  • the quantitative determination of the content of crystalline valentinite in the vanadium antimonate phase can be carried out, for example, by means of Rietveld refinement of X-ray powder diffractograms.
  • the vanadium antimonate to be used according to the invention with a maximum content of crystalline Valentinit of 5% by weight can be used for the preparation of one or more catalyst layers.
  • the catalyst has three, four or five layers, wherein for the preparation of at least one layer vanadium antimonate was used with a maximum content of crystalline Valentinit of 5 wt .-%.
  • the catalysts according to the invention have a plurality of catalyst layers arranged one behind the other, which may differ in their content of catalytically active composition and their composition as well as in their catalytic activity. In general, preference is given to catalysts in which the activity of the individual catalyst layers increases from the reactor inlet to the reactor outlet. However, it is also possible to use one or more upstream or intermediate catalyst layers which have a higher activity than the subsequent layers.
  • the catalysts according to the invention can be used, for example, to avoid high hot-spot temperatures, also in conjunction with suitable pre-and / or final fillers and together with intermediate layers, the pre-and / or final fillings and the intermediate layers usually being made of catalytically inactive or less active material.
  • the catalysts according to the invention are so-called shell catalysts in which the catalytically active composition is applied in the form of a dish on an inert carrier material.
  • catalyst supports are similar to the catalyst supports commonly used to prepare shell catalysts for the gas phase reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons.
  • Steatite is preferred in the form of spheres with a diameter of 3 to 6 mm or rings with a diameter outer diameter of 5 to 9 mm and a length of 3 to 8 mm and a wall thickness of 1 to 2 mm used.
  • novel catalysts contain a catalytically active composition which comprises at least vanadium oxide or vanadium antimonate and titanium dioxide and can be applied to the support material in one or more layers. Different layers can differ in their composition.
  • the catalytically active composition contains, based on the total amount of the catalytically active composition, 1 to 40% by weight of a vanadium compound, calculated as V2O5, and 60 to 99% by weight of titanium dioxide, calculated as T1O2.
  • the catalytically active composition in preferred embodiments may additionally contain up to 1% by weight of a cesium compound, calculated as Cs, up to 1% by weight of a phosphorus compound, calculated as P, and up to 10% by weight of an antimony compound, calculated as Sb2C "3. All data on the composition of the catalytically active composition refer to their calcined state, eg after calcination of the catalyst for one hour at 450.degree.
  • titanium dioxide is used in the anatase form for catalytically active material.
  • the titanium dioxide preferably has a BET surface area of from 15 to 60 m 2 / g, in particular from 15 to 45 m 2 / g, particularly preferably from 13 to 28 m 2 / g.
  • the titanium dioxide used may consist of a single titanium dioxide or a mixture of titanium dioxides. In the latter case, the value of the BET surface area is determined as a weighted average of the contributions of the individual titanium dioxides.
  • the titanium dioxide used is z. B. advantageous from a mixture of a T1O2 with a BET surface area of 5 to 15 m 2 / g and a T1O2 with a BET surface area of 15 to 50 m 2 / g.
  • Vanadium pentoxide, ammonium metavanadate or vanadium antimonate are particularly suitable as the vanadium source.
  • Suitable antimony sources are various antimony trioxides or vanadium antimonate.
  • the possibilities of limiting the content of crystalline valentinite in the crystalline vanadium antimonate to a maximum of 5% by weight are manifold and are known to the person skilled in the art. To mention is, for example, the use of a Valentinit-poor or-free antimony oxide as antimony source.
  • Commercially available are products such as Selectipur 7835 (Merck), Triox White (Antraco), ACC-BS (Antraco) or Zero valentinite (Campine).
  • the content of crystalline valentinite may be controlled by the reaction conditions during the reaction of the vanadium and antimony compounds, preferably the corresponding oxides.
  • parameters such as particle size of the educts used, reaction time, reaction temperature or thermal aftertreatment and molar ratio V / Sb play a role.
  • phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, ammonium phosphate or phosphoric acid ester and especially ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are suitable as the phosphorus source.
  • Suitable sources of cesium are the oxides or hydroxide or the salts which can be thermally converted into the oxide, such as carboxylates, in particular the acetate, malonate or oxalate, carbonate, bicarbonate, sulfate or nitrate.
  • cesium and phosphorus a small number of other oxidic compounds which, as promoters, influence the activity and selectivity of the catalyst, for example by lowering or increasing its activity, can be present in the catalytically active composition in small amounts.
  • promoters examples include the alkali metals, in particular other than said cesium, lithium, potassium and rubidium, which are usually used in the form of their oxides or hydroxides, thallium (I) oxide, alumina, zirconium oxide, iron oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide, tin oxide , Silver oxide, copper oxide, chromium oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide, iridium oxide, tantalum oxide, niobium oxide, arsenic oxide, antimony tetroxide, antimony pentoxide and ceria.
  • the oxides of nitrobenzene and tungsten in amounts of from 0.01 to 0.50% by weight, based on the catalytically active material, are also suitable as additives.
  • organic binders preferably copolymers, advantageously in the form of an aqueous dispersion of acrylic acid / maleic acid, vinyl acetate / vinyl laurate, vinyl acetate / acrylate, styrene / acrylate and vinyl acetate / ethylene are added to the suspension.
  • the binders are commercially available as aqueous dispersions, with a solids content of, for. B. 35 to 65 wt .-%.
  • the amount of such binder dispersions used is generally from 2 to 45% by weight, preferably from 5 to 35% by weight, particularly preferably from 7 to 20% by weight, based on the weight of the suspension.
  • the carrier is in z.
  • a fluidized bed or fluidized bed apparatus in an ascending gas stream in particular air, fluidized.
  • the apparatuses usually consist of a conical or spherical container in which the fluidizing gas is introduced from below or from above via a dip tube.
  • the suspension is sprayed via nozzles from above, from the side or from below into the fluidized bed.
  • a centrally or concentrically arranged around the dip tube riser Within the riser there is a higher gas velocity, which transports the carrier particles upwards. In the outer ring the gas velocity is only slightly above the loosening speed. So the particles are moved vertically in a circle.
  • a suitable fluidized bed apparatus is z. As described in DE-A 4006935.
  • coating temperatures of 20 to 500 ° C are used, whereby the coating can be carried out under atmospheric pressure or under reduced pressure.
  • the coating is carried out at 0 ° C to 200 ° C, preferably at 20 to 150 ° C, especially at 60 to 120 ° C.
  • the layer thickness of the catalytically active composition is generally 0.02 to 0.2 mm, preferably 0.05 to 0.15 mm.
  • the active mass fraction of the catalyst is usually 5 to 25 wt .-%, usually 7 to 15 wt .-%.
  • thermal treatment of the pre-catalyst thus obtained at temperatures above 200 to 500 ° C escapes the binder by thermal decomposition and / or combustion of the applied layer.
  • the thermal treatment is preferably carried out in situ in the gas phase oxidation reactor.
  • Another object of the invention is a process for the preparation of a catalyst for the production of carboxylic acids and / or carboxylic anhydrides, which has a plurality of successively arranged catalyst layers, wherein at least one layer of vanadium antimonate is added with a maximum content of crystalline Valentinit of 5 wt .-%.
  • Vanadiumantimonats 1869 g of demineralized water and 78.4 g of organic binder (copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl laurate in the form of a 50 wt .-% aqueous
  • the spray powder thus obtained had a BET surface area of 65 m 2 / g and had a vanadium content of 32% by weight and an antimony content of 30% by weight.
  • the product had the following crystalline constituents: Valentinit (PDF: 1 1 -0689): about 7%; Senarmontite (PDF: 43-1071): approx. 1%; Vanadium antimonate (PDF: 01 -81 -1219): approx. 92%.
  • Vanadium antimonate was about 9 nm.
  • the applied to the steatite rings active composition was 8.3 wt .-%.
  • the analyzed composition of the active composition gave contents of 7.1% V 2 0 5 , 4.5% Sb 2 0 3 , 0.50% Cs, remainder TiO 2 .
  • KL3, KL4 and KL5 vanadium pentoxide and antimony trioxide were used instead of vanadium antimonate in KL3, KL4, KL5 and KL6 as V and Sb sources, respectively.
  • TiO 2 of the type Fuji TA 100 CT TiO 2 of the type Fuji TA 100 C (BET surface area: 20 m 2 / g) was used in KL3, KL4 and KL5.
  • V or Sb source Vanadium pentoxide and antimony trioxide as V or Sb source
  • V or Sb source Vanadium pentoxide and antimony trioxide as V or Sb source
  • Example 1 (according to the invention):
  • the catalytic oxidation of o-xylene to phthalic anhydride was carried out in a salt bath-cooled tubular reactor with a tube internal diameter of 25 mm. From reactor inlet to reactor outlet, 80 cm KL1, 60 cm KL3, 70 cm KL4, 50 cm KL5 and 60 cm KL6 were introduced into a 3.5 m long iron tube with a clear width of 25 mm. The iron tube was surrounded by a salt melt for temperature control, a 4 mm outer diameter thermowell with built-in tension element was the catalyst temperature measurement.
  • Hotspot temperatures were below 425 ° C in both cases.
  • Example 1 The PSA yield in Example 1 is significantly higher than in Example 2.
  • the content of phthalide is lower than Example 1 in Example 2.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Furan Compounds (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un catalyseur servant à la production d'acides carboxyliques et/ou d'anhydrides d'acide carboxylique, lequel présente plusieurs couches catalytiques agencées les unes après les autres et qui ont été produites en utilisant un antimoniate de vanadium présentant une teneur maximale en valentinite cristalline de 5 % en poids. La présente invention concerne par ailleurs un procédé d'oxydation en phase gazeuse qui consiste à faire traverser par un flux gazeux contenant au moins un hydrocarbure et de l'oxygène moléculaire un catalyseur qui présente plusieurs couches catalytiques agencées les unes après les autres et qui ont été produites en utilisant un antimoniate de vanadium présentant une teneur maximale en valentinite cristalline de 5 % en poids.
EP13820174.4A 2012-07-16 2013-07-12 Catalyseur servant à la production d'acides carboxyliques et/ou d'anhydrides d'acide carboxylique Withdrawn EP2872251A4 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13820174.4A EP2872251A4 (fr) 2012-07-16 2013-07-12 Catalyseur servant à la production d'acides carboxyliques et/ou d'anhydrides d'acide carboxylique

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12176526 2012-07-16
PCT/IB2013/055729 WO2014013397A2 (fr) 2012-07-16 2013-07-12 Catalyseur servant à la production d'acides carboxyliques et/ou d'anhydrides d'acide carboxylique
EP13820174.4A EP2872251A4 (fr) 2012-07-16 2013-07-12 Catalyseur servant à la production d'acides carboxyliques et/ou d'anhydrides d'acide carboxylique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2872251A2 true EP2872251A2 (fr) 2015-05-20
EP2872251A4 EP2872251A4 (fr) 2016-03-02

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13820174.4A Withdrawn EP2872251A4 (fr) 2012-07-16 2013-07-12 Catalyseur servant à la production d'acides carboxyliques et/ou d'anhydrides d'acide carboxylique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2872251A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2015530228A (fr)
CN (1) CN104487164A (fr)
WO (1) WO2014013397A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6563410B2 (ja) * 2014-02-17 2019-08-21 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ ｏ−キシロールおよび／またはナフタレンをフタル酸無水物に酸化する触媒系

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57180430A (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-11-06 Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd Catalyst for production of phthalic acid anhydride
US5169820A (en) * 1990-03-16 1992-12-08 Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Catalyst for producing phthalic anhydride
DE19823275A1 (de) * 1998-05-26 1999-12-02 Basf Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phthalsäureanhydrid durch katalytische Gasphasenoxidation von x-Xylol-/-Naphthalin-Gemischen
CN102612406A (zh) * 2009-11-20 2012-07-25 巴斯夫欧洲公司 用于制备羧酸和/或羧酸酐的在至少一个催化剂层中具有锑酸钒的多层催化剂及具有低热点温度的制备邻苯二甲酸酐的方法
KR20130131306A (ko) * 2010-07-30 2013-12-03 바스프 에스이 o-자일렌 및/또는 나프탈렌의 프탈산 무수물로의 산화를 위한 촉매
US9212157B2 (en) * 2010-07-30 2015-12-15 Basf Se Catalyst for the oxidation of o-xylene and/or naphthalene to phthalic anhydride

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104487164A (zh) 2015-04-01
JP2015530228A (ja) 2015-10-15
EP2872251A4 (fr) 2016-03-02
WO2014013397A3 (fr) 2014-03-06
WO2014013397A2 (fr) 2014-01-23

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