EP2871287B1 - Diesel pile driver - Google Patents

Diesel pile driver Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2871287B1
EP2871287B1 EP13192600.8A EP13192600A EP2871287B1 EP 2871287 B1 EP2871287 B1 EP 2871287B1 EP 13192600 A EP13192600 A EP 13192600A EP 2871287 B1 EP2871287 B1 EP 2871287B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pile driver
cylinder
diesel pile
driver according
diesel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13192600.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2871287A1 (en
Inventor
Leopold Jerch
Matthias Heichel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delmag GmbH and Co KG
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Delmag GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Delmag GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Delmag GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP13192600.8A priority Critical patent/EP2871287B1/en
Priority to US14/533,165 priority patent/US20150129271A1/en
Priority to CN201410633628.5A priority patent/CN104631455A/en
Publication of EP2871287A1 publication Critical patent/EP2871287A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2871287B1 publication Critical patent/EP2871287B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers
    • E02D7/12—Drivers with explosion chambers
    • E02D7/125—Diesel drivers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diesel ram, comprising a cylinder, a piston displaceably guided in the cylinder and a striking piece displaceably guided in the cylinder according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Diesel rams also referred to as diesel hammers or diesel bears, are used in particular for foundation work of the construction industry for driving in piles of all kinds, such as concrete pillars, iron girders, sheet pile wall elements or the like in a building ground.
  • the piston is pulled upwards by means of a notching device inside the cylinder and disengaged at a certain height, whereby it falls down on the striking piece under the action of gravity.
  • a fuel pump is actuated by the piston, via which a supply of fuel, in particular of diesel oil takes place.
  • the air in the combustion chamber of the cylinder is compressed and thereby heated so that ignited in the combustion chamber fuel / air mixture, whereupon it burns explosively.
  • the piston is hurled upward again for a new working cycle, with the expanding combustion gases flowing out of the working nozzles and subsequently sucking fresh air into the combustion chamber through the piston rising further upwards.
  • the pile is driven over the hammer in the ground.
  • Diesel rams of the aforementioned type as described for example in the EP 1 828 488 B1 has been described, have proven in practice because of their simple structure and the resulting reliability. In operation, however, such diesel rams are very noisy and can cause a noise level of 100 decibels (A) and more.
  • A decibels
  • US 3,897,851 It is proposed to provide the working nozzle with an exhaust air muffler.
  • a diesel ram of the aforementioned type is provided, the noise emission is reduced.
  • the at least one nozzle is provided with a muffler device, initiated by the expansion of the combustion gases noise emissions are significantly reduced.
  • the at least two working nozzles are arranged on two horizontally spaced conceptual horizontal planes, so that at least one working nozzle is arranged vertically offset relative to a second working nozzle, wherein the at least one arranged on the lower levels lower working nozzle is provided with a muffler device. If the piston is thrown upwards, it first releases the lower working neck, after which the exhaust gases escape through the silencer. Subsequently, the vertically offset second work socket is released, whereby fresh air can be sucked into the combustion chamber.
  • the at least one arranged on the upper level upper working neck on a muffler device Preferably, the at least one arranged on the upper level upper working neck on a muffler device.
  • a muffler device Preferably, an unhindered influx of fresh air is achieved in the combustion chamber. An entry of in an arranged muffler possibly adhering dirt particles in the combustion chamber is thus avoided.
  • the two planes between 80 mm and 120 mm, preferably between 95 mm and 115 mm spaced apart. It has been found that this achieves an optimum trajectory of the upwardly moving piston, in which the combustion gases escape from the lower working nozzle provided with a silencer device, before the upper working nozzles are released, whereby fresh air is drawn into the combustion chamber.
  • the muffler device is formed by a sheathed perforated tube.
  • a simple and effective absorber-muffler is formed, which is not susceptible to contamination by combustion gases.
  • the muffler device is mounted elastically supported by means of vibration elements on the cylinder.
  • the vibration elements are formed as elastomer or rubber components.
  • a striking hood for receiving the ramming material is arranged below the striking piece, wherein the hammering piece is at least partially surrounding a sound absorbing element arranged. As a result, a damping of the impact of the hammer on the striking hood resulting noise emissions is effected.
  • the sound absorption element is formed from at least one filled with an absorber material perforated sheet cassette.
  • the absorber material is preferably formed from mineral insulation wool, hard melanin foam or other suitable porous material.
  • the diesel ram selected as an exemplary embodiment comprises a cylinder 1 which is open on both sides and which can regularly have a length of 3 to 8 meters and a diameter of 0.2 to 1.5 meters.
  • a piston 2 is slidably disposed in the cylinder 1 a.
  • a coaxial to this impact piece 3 engages slidably in the open lower end of the cylinder 1 a.
  • an annular bearing unit 9 is fixed, in which a middle shaft portion 31 of the hammering piece 3 is guided tightly and displaceably, which has a relation to the inner diameter of the cylinder 1 reduced outer diameter.
  • the diesel ram is mounted vertically displaceable over arranged on the cylinder 1 guide jaws 13 along a leader 8.
  • a striking plate 32 located below the cylinder 1, the outwardly directed lower convex boundary surface 33 cooperating in operation with the upper end of a driven-in pile material to be driven in.
  • a piston portion 34 is formed with a plurality of circumferential, axially spaced sealing rings which run on the inner circumferential surface 11 of the cylinder 1.
  • a combustion chamber 12 is limited together with the underside of the piston 2 and the inner circumferential surface 11 of the cylinder 1.
  • the combustion chamber 12 of the cylinder 1 facing end face of the hammer 3 is ground flat with a shallow fuel well.
  • a damping ring 91 is arranged between the impact plate 32 of the hammer 3 and the bearing unit 9 of the cylinder 1.
  • a further damping ring 92 is arranged adjacent to the bearing unit 9 between the upper side of the bearing unit 9 and the underside of the piston portion 34 of the hammer 3.
  • hammer 3 runs in the interior of the cylinder 1 with a circumferential, axially spaced-apart sealing rings 93 provided, lower working end 23 of the piston 2.
  • the lower free, ground flat end face 21 of the piston 2 is offset by a radially outwardly encircling step.
  • a mass portion 2 is formed, which extends in the upper portion of the cylinder 1 inside.
  • an injection device 4 is arranged, which comprises a fuel pump 41 which is connected via a line 43 to the injection nozzle 42.
  • the inlet of the fuel pump 41 is supplied with diesel oil via a fuel tank 45.
  • the fuel pump 41 has a prestressed pump lever 44 projecting into the interior of the cylinder 1, by means of which it is driven when the falling piston 2 passes.
  • the injection nozzle 42 is designed and aligned such that the discharged fuel is injected in a substantially continuous jet approximately centrally on the end face of the hammer 3.
  • a lubricant pump 7 is arranged on the cylinder 1, which is connected to distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 1 lubricant nozzles. Through the lubricant nozzles lubricant between the piston 2 and the inner circumferential surface 11 of the cylinder 1 is given.
  • the peripheral wall of the cylinder 1 is penetrated by two obliquely upwardly extending working nozzle 16, 17, sucked on the combustion air or combustion gases are discharged.
  • the muffler device 5 is essentially formed by a perforated tube 51 provided with a lug pipe section 52, which is arranged centrally in a cylindrical casing 53.
  • the sheath 53 is provided on both sides with a respective receiving flange 54, which receives the perforated tube 51 and which is provided radially circumferentially with holes 55.
  • the muffler device 5 is attached to the cylinder 1 by means of two holding arms 56 arranged at a distance from each other, wherein 5 vibration elements 57 are arranged between the holding arms 56 and the casing 53 of the muffler device, whereby a substantial decoupling of the muffler device 5 from the cylinder 1 is effected.
  • the approach pipe section 52 of the muffler device 5 opens into the lower working socket 16 of the cylinder 1.
  • the lower working socket 16 is arranged offset by 105 millimeters from the upper working socket 17 vertically.
  • the mass portion 22 of the piston 2 a - not illustrated - a driving shoulder forming undercut for engagement of a driver of a - not shown - release device.
  • a striking hood 6 for receiving a pile 81 is arranged below the hammer 3 of the diesel rams.
  • the striking hood 6 is essentially formed by a receptacle 61 encompassing the pile 81, which has a striking plate 62 on its side facing the hammer 3.
  • the receptacle 61 is surrounded by a hood part 63, which projects beyond the receptacle 61 in the direction of the striking piece 3.
  • a frame is formed above the receptacle 61, to which the striking piece surrounding sound absorbing elements 64 are arranged, which rest on the receptacle 61.
  • the sound absorbing elements 64 are designed such that a collision of the hammer 3 with the sound absorbing elements 64 is avoided, however, as the impact plate 32 of the hammer 3 is completely surrounded, creating a significant attenuation of the beating of the hammer 3 on the striking plate 62 of the striking hood 6 generated noise emissions is effected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Dieselramme, mit einem Zylinder, einem in dem Zylinder verschiebbar geführten Kolben und einem in dem Zylinder verschiebbar geführten Schlagstück nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a diesel ram, comprising a cylinder, a piston displaceably guided in the cylinder and a striking piece displaceably guided in the cylinder according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Dieselrammen, auch als Dieselhammer oder Dieselbären bezeichnet, kommen insbesondere bei Gründungsarbeiten der Bauindustrie zum Einrammen von Pfählen aller Art, wie Betonpfeiler, Eisenträger, Spundwandelementen oder dergleichen in einem Baugrund zum Einsatz.Diesel rams, also referred to as diesel hammers or diesel bears, are used in particular for foundation work of the construction industry for driving in piles of all kinds, such as concrete pillars, iron girders, sheet pile wall elements or the like in a building ground.

Zum Starten einer solchen Dieselramme wird der Kolben mithilfe einer Ausklinkvorrichtung innerhalb des Zylinders nach oben gezogen und in einer bestimmten Höhe ausgeklinkt, wodurch er unter Einwirkung der Schwerkraft nach unten auf das Schlagstück fällt. Beim Niederfallen wird durch den Kolben eine Kraftstoffpumpe betätigt, über welche eine Zuführung von Kraftstoff, insbesondere von Dieselöl erfolgt. Durch den niederfallenden Kolben wird die im Brennraum des Zylinders befindliche Luft komprimiert und hierdurch derart erhitzt, dass sich das im Brennraum vorliegende Kraftstoff/Luft-Gemisch entzündet, worauf es explosionsartig verbrennt. Durch die hierbei frei werdende Explosionsenergie wird zum einen der Kolben für einen neuen Arbeitszyklus wieder nach oben geschleudert, wobei die expandierenden Verbrennungsgase aus den Arbeitsstutzen herausströmen und nachfolgend durch den weiter aufwärts steigenden Kolben Frischluft in den Brennraum gesaugt wird. Gleichzeitig wird das Rammgut über das Schlagstück in den Boden getrieben.To start such a diesel ram, the piston is pulled upwards by means of a notching device inside the cylinder and disengaged at a certain height, whereby it falls down on the striking piece under the action of gravity. When falling, a fuel pump is actuated by the piston, via which a supply of fuel, in particular of diesel oil takes place. By the falling piston, the air in the combustion chamber of the cylinder is compressed and thereby heated so that ignited in the combustion chamber fuel / air mixture, whereupon it burns explosively. As a result of the explosion energy released in this process, the piston is hurled upward again for a new working cycle, with the expanding combustion gases flowing out of the working nozzles and subsequently sucking fresh air into the combustion chamber through the piston rising further upwards. At the same time the pile is driven over the hammer in the ground.

Dieselrammen der vorgenannten Art, wie sie beispielsweise in der EP 1 828 488 B1 beschrieben ist, haben sich aufgrund ihres einfachen Aufbaus und der hieraus resultierenden Zuverlässigkeit in der Praxis bewährt. Im Betrieb sind solche Dieselrammen jedoch sehr laut und können einen Lärmpegel von 100 Dezibel (A) und mehr verursachen. In der US 3,897,851 wird vorgeschlagen, die Arbeitsstutzen mit einem Abluftschalldämpfer zu versehen.Diesel rams of the aforementioned type, as described for example in the EP 1 828 488 B1 has been described, have proven in practice because of their simple structure and the resulting reliability. In operation, however, such diesel rams are very noisy and can cause a noise level of 100 decibels (A) and more. In the US 3,897,851 It is proposed to provide the working nozzle with an exhaust air muffler.

Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen. Mit der Erfindung ist eine Dieselramme der vorgenannten Art geschaffen, bei der die Lärmemission vermindert ist. Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Dieselramme mit den Merkmalen des kennzeichnenden Teils des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.The invention aims to remedy this situation. With the invention, a diesel ram of the aforementioned type is created in which the noise emission is reduced. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a diesel rammer having the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Mit der Erfindung ist eine Dieselramme der vorgenannten Art bereitgestellt, deren Lärmemission vermindert ist. Dadurch, dass wenigstens ein Arbeitsstutzen mit einer Schalldämpfereinrichtung versehen ist, werden die durch die Expansion der Verbrennungsgase initiierten Lärmemissionen deutlich reduziert. Dabei sind die wenigstens zwei Arbeitsstutzen auf zwei vertikal zueinander beabstandeten gedanklichen horizontalen Ebenen angeordnet, so dass wenigstens ein Arbeitsstutzen relativ zu einem zweiten Arbeitsstutzen vertikal versetzt angeordnet ist, wobei der wenigstens eine auf der unteren Ebenen angeordnete untere Arbeitsstutzen mit einer Schalldämpfereinrichtung versehen ist. Wird der Kolben nach oben geschleudert, gibt dieser zunächst den unteren Arbeitsstutzen frei, wonach die Abgase durch den Schalldämpfer entweichen. Nachfolgend wird der vertikal versetzte zweite Arbeitsstutzen freigegeben, wodurch Frischluft in den Brennraum angesaugt werden kann.With the invention, a diesel ram of the aforementioned type is provided, the noise emission is reduced. Characterized in that at least one nozzle is provided with a muffler device, initiated by the expansion of the combustion gases noise emissions are significantly reduced. In this case, the at least two working nozzles are arranged on two horizontally spaced conceptual horizontal planes, so that at least one working nozzle is arranged vertically offset relative to a second working nozzle, wherein the at least one arranged on the lower levels lower working nozzle is provided with a muffler device. If the piston is thrown upwards, it first releases the lower working neck, after which the exhaust gases escape through the silencer. Subsequently, the vertically offset second work socket is released, whereby fresh air can be sucked into the combustion chamber.

Bevorzugt weist der wenigstens eine auf der oberen Ebene angeordnete obere Arbeitsstutzen keine Schalldämpfervorrichtung auf. Hierdurch ist ein ungehindertes Einströmen von Frischluft in den Brennraum erzielt. Ein Eintrag von in einem angeordneten Schalldämpfer möglicherweise anhaftenden Schmutzpartikeln in den Brennraum ist so vermieden.Preferably, the at least one arranged on the upper level upper working neck on a muffler device. As a result, an unhindered influx of fresh air is achieved in the combustion chamber. An entry of in an arranged muffler possibly adhering dirt particles in the combustion chamber is thus avoided.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die beiden Ebenen zwischen 80 Millimeter und 120 Millimeter, bevorzugt zwischen 95 Millimeter und 115 Millimeter zueinander beabstandet. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass hierdurch eine optimale Verfahrstrecke des heraufbewegenden Kolbens erzielt ist, in der die Verbrennungsgase aus den unteren mit einer Schalldämpfereinrichtung versehenen Arbeitsstutzen entweichen, bevor die oberen Arbeitsstutzen freigegeben werden, wodurch Frischluft in den Brennraum angesaugt wird.In a further embodiment of the invention, the two planes between 80 mm and 120 mm, preferably between 95 mm and 115 mm spaced apart. It has been found that this achieves an optimum trajectory of the upwardly moving piston, in which the combustion gases escape from the lower working nozzle provided with a silencer device, before the upper working nozzles are released, whereby fresh air is drawn into the combustion chamber.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die Schalldämpfereinrichtung durch ein ummanteltes Lochrohr gebildet. Hierdurch ist ein einfacher und zugleich wirkungsvoller Absorber-Schalldämpfer gebildet, welcher unanfällig gegenüber Verschmutzungen durch Verbrennungsgase ist.In a further development of the invention, the muffler device is formed by a sheathed perforated tube. As a result, a simple and effective absorber-muffler is formed, which is not susceptible to contamination by combustion gases.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Schalldämpfereinrichtung über Schwingungselemente an dem Zylinder elastisch gelagert befestigt. Hierdurch ist eine Entkopplung der Schalldämpfereinrichtung gegenüber dem Zylinder erzielt, wodurch Lärmemissionen weiter vermindert sind. Bevorzugt sind die Schwingungselemente als Elastomer- oder Gummibauteile ausgebildet. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist unterhalb des Schlagstücks eine Schlaghaube zur Aufnahme des Rammguts angeordnet, wobei das Schlagstück zumindest bereichsweise umgebend ein Schallabsorptionselement angeordnet ist. Hierdurch ist eine Dämpfung der beim Aufprall des Schlagstücks auf die Schlaghaube entstehenden Lärmemissionen bewirkt.In a further embodiment of the invention, the muffler device is mounted elastically supported by means of vibration elements on the cylinder. As a result, a decoupling of the muffler device relative to the cylinder is achieved, whereby noise emissions are further reduced. Preferably, the vibration elements are formed as elastomer or rubber components. In a further embodiment, a striking hood for receiving the ramming material is arranged below the striking piece, wherein the hammering piece is at least partially surrounding a sound absorbing element arranged. As a result, a damping of the impact of the hammer on the striking hood resulting noise emissions is effected.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist das Schallabsorptionselement aus wenigstens einer mit einem Absorbermaterial gefüllten Lochblechkassette gebildet. Hierdurch ist ein robustes und erschütterungsresistentes Schallabsorptionselement bewirkt. Dabei ist das Absorbermaterial vorzugsweise aus Mineraldämmwolle, Melaninhartschaum oder sonstigem geeignetem porösem Material gebildet.In a further development of the invention, the sound absorption element is formed from at least one filled with an absorber material perforated sheet cassette. As a result, a robust and vibration-resistant sound absorption element is effected. The absorber material is preferably formed from mineral insulation wool, hard melanin foam or other suitable porous material.

Andere Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den übrigen Unteransprüchen angegeben. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird nachfolgend im Einzelnen beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
die schematische Darstellung einer Dieselramme;
Figur 2
die ausschnittsweise Darstellung der Dieselramme mit an einem Arbeitsstutzen angeordneter Schalldämpfereinrichtung;
Figur 3
die Detaildarstellung der Schalldämpfereinrichtung auf Figur 2 a) in räumlicher Darstellung; b) im Längsschnitt;
Figur 4
die schematische Darstellung des unteren Abschnitts einer Dieselramme mit angeordneter Schlaghaube zur Aufnahme von Rammgut.
Other developments and refinements of the invention are specified in the remaining subclaims. An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be described in detail below. Show it:
FIG. 1
the schematic representation of a diesel rammer;
FIG. 2
the fragmentary representation of the diesel ram arranged on a working nozzle muffler device;
FIG. 3
the detailed representation of the muffler device FIG. 2 a) in a spatial representation; b) in longitudinal section;
FIG. 4
the schematic representation of the lower portion of a diesel ram with arranged striking hood for receiving pile material.

Die als Ausführungsbeispiel gewählte Dieselramme umfasst einen beidseitig offenen Zylinder 1, der regelmäßig eine Länge von 3 bis 8 Metern und einen Durchmesser von 0,2 bis 1,5 Meter aufweisen kann. In dem Zylinder 1 ist ein Kolben 2 verschiebbar angeordnet. Ein hierzu koaxiales Schlagstück 3 greift verschiebbar in das offene untere Ende des Zylinders 1 ein. An dem unteren Ende des Zylinders 1 ist eine ringförmige Lagereinheit 9 befestigt, in der ein mittlerer Schaftabschnitt 31 des Schlagstücks 3 dicht und verschiebbar geführt ist, der einen gegenüber dem Innendurchmesser des Zylinders 1 verminderten Außendurchmesser aufweist. Die Dieselramme ist über an den Zylinder 1 angeordnete Führungsbacken 13 entlang eines Mäklers 8 vertikal verschiebbar gelagert.The diesel ram selected as an exemplary embodiment comprises a cylinder 1 which is open on both sides and which can regularly have a length of 3 to 8 meters and a diameter of 0.2 to 1.5 meters. In the cylinder 1, a piston 2 is slidably disposed. A coaxial to this impact piece 3 engages slidably in the open lower end of the cylinder 1 a. At the lower end of the cylinder 1, an annular bearing unit 9 is fixed, in which a middle shaft portion 31 of the hammering piece 3 is guided tightly and displaceably, which has a relation to the inner diameter of the cylinder 1 reduced outer diameter. The diesel ram is mounted vertically displaceable over arranged on the cylinder 1 guide jaws 13 along a leader 8.

An dem unteren Ende des Schaftabschnitts 31 ist eine unterhalb des Zylinders 1 liegende Schlagplatte 32 angeformt, deren nach außen gerichtete untere konvexe Begrenzungsfläche 33 im Betrieb mit dem oberen Ende eines einzutreibenden Rammgutes zusammenwirkt.At the lower end of the shank portion 31 there is formed a striking plate 32 located below the cylinder 1, the outwardly directed lower convex boundary surface 33 cooperating in operation with the upper end of a driven-in pile material to be driven in.

An dem oberen Ende des Schaftabschnitts 31 des Schlagstücks 3 ist ein Kolbenabschnitt 34 mit mehreren umlaufenden, axial beabstandeten Dichtringen angeformt, die auf der Innenmantelfläche 11 des Zylinders 1 laufen. Durch die Oberseite des Kolbenabschnitt 34 des Schlagstücks 3 ist zusammen mit der Unterseite des Kolbens 2 sowie der Innenmantelfläche 11 des Zylinders 1 ein Brennraum 12 begrenzt. Die dem Brennraum 12 des Zylinders 1 zugewandte Stirnfläche des Schlagstücks 3 ist plan mit einer flachen Brennstoffmulde geschliffen.At the upper end of the shaft portion 31 of the striking piece 3, a piston portion 34 is formed with a plurality of circumferential, axially spaced sealing rings which run on the inner circumferential surface 11 of the cylinder 1. Through the top of the piston portion 34 of the hammer 3, a combustion chamber 12 is limited together with the underside of the piston 2 and the inner circumferential surface 11 of the cylinder 1. The combustion chamber 12 of the cylinder 1 facing end face of the hammer 3 is ground flat with a shallow fuel well.

Zwischen der Schlagplatte 32 des Schlagstücks 3 und der Lagereinheit 9 des Zylinders 1 ist ein Dämpfungsring 91 angeordnet. Ein weiterer Dämpfungsring 92 ist benachbart zur Lagereinheit 9 zwischen der Oberseite der Lagereinheit 9 und der Unterseite des Kolbenabschnitts 34 des Schlagstücks 3 angeordnet.Between the impact plate 32 of the hammer 3 and the bearing unit 9 of the cylinder 1, a damping ring 91 is arranged. A further damping ring 92 is arranged adjacent to the bearing unit 9 between the upper side of the bearing unit 9 and the underside of the piston portion 34 of the hammer 3.

Oberhalb des Schlagstücks 3 läuft im Inneren des Zylinders 1 ein mit umlaufenden, axial zueinander beabstandeten Dichtringen 93 versehenes, unteres Arbeitsende 23 des Kolbens 2. Die untere freie, plan geschliffene Stirnfläche 21 des Kolbens 2 ist durch eine radial außenliegend umlaufende Stufe abgesetzt.Above the hammer 3 runs in the interior of the cylinder 1 with a circumferential, axially spaced-apart sealing rings 93 provided, lower working end 23 of the piston 2. The lower free, ground flat end face 21 of the piston 2 is offset by a radially outwardly encircling step.

An dem unteren Arbeitsende 23 des Kolbens 2 ist ein Massenabschnitt 2 angeformt, der sich in dem oberen Abschnitt des Zylinders 1 hinein erstreckt. An der Umfangswand des Zylinders 1 ist eine Einspritzvorrichtung 4 angeordnet, die eine Kraftstoffpumpe 41 umfasst, die über eine Leitung 43 mit der Einspritzdüse 42 verbunden ist. Der Einlass der Kraftstoffpumpe 41 wird über einen Kraftstofftank 45 mit Dieselöl gespeist.At the lower working end 23 of the piston 2, a mass portion 2 is formed, which extends in the upper portion of the cylinder 1 inside. On the peripheral wall of the cylinder 1, an injection device 4 is arranged, which comprises a fuel pump 41 which is connected via a line 43 to the injection nozzle 42. The inlet of the fuel pump 41 is supplied with diesel oil via a fuel tank 45.

Die Kraftstoffpumpe 41 weist einen ins Innere des Zylinders 1 ragenden, vorgespannten Pumpenhebel 44 auf, über den sie bei Passieren des fallenden Kolbens 2 angetrieben wird. Die Einspritzdüse 42 ist derart ausgebildet und ausgerichtet, dass der abgegebene Kraftstoff in einem im Wesentlichen zusammenhängenden Strahl etwa mittig auf die Stirnfläche des Schlagstücks 3 gespritzt wird.The fuel pump 41 has a prestressed pump lever 44 projecting into the interior of the cylinder 1, by means of which it is driven when the falling piston 2 passes. The injection nozzle 42 is designed and aligned such that the discharged fuel is injected in a substantially continuous jet approximately centrally on the end face of the hammer 3.

Weiterhin ist an dem Zylinder 1 eine Schmierstoffpumpe 7 angeordnet, die mit in Umfangsrichtung des Zylinders 1 verteilten Schmierstoffdüsen verbunden ist. Durch die Schmierstoffdüsen wird Schmierstoff zwischen den Kolben 2 und die Innenmantelfläche 11 des Zylinders 1 gegeben.Furthermore, a lubricant pump 7 is arranged on the cylinder 1, which is connected to distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 1 lubricant nozzles. Through the lubricant nozzles lubricant between the piston 2 and the inner circumferential surface 11 of the cylinder 1 is given.

Etwa in Höhe der Einspritzvorrichtung 4 ist die Umfangswand des Zylinders 1 von zwei schräg nach oben verlaufenden Arbeitsstutzen 16, 17 durchsetzt, über die Verbrennungsluft angesaugt beziehungsweise Verbrennungsgase abgegeben werden.Approximately at the level of the injection device 4, the peripheral wall of the cylinder 1 is penetrated by two obliquely upwardly extending working nozzle 16, 17, sucked on the combustion air or combustion gases are discharged.

Die Arbeitsstutzen 16, 17 sind dabei auf zwei vertikal zueinander beabstandeten gedanklichen horizontalen Ebenen Eu und Eo angeordnet, wobei der auf der unteren Ebene Eu angeordnete untere Arbeitsstutzen 16 auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des auf der oberen Ebene Eo angeordneten oberen Arbeitsstutzens 17 den Zylinder 1 durchdringend angeordnet sind. Der untere Arbeitsstutzen 16 ist mit einer Schalldämpfereinrichtung 5 versehen.The work socket 16, 17 are arranged on two vertically spaced conceptual horizontal planes E u and E o , wherein arranged on the lower level E u lower working socket 16 on the opposite side of the upper level E o arranged upper working nozzle 17 the Cylinder 1 are arranged penetrating. The lower work socket 16 is provided with a muffler 5.

Die Schalldämpfereinrichtung 5 ist im Wesentlichen gebildet durch ein mit einem Ansatzrohrstück 52 versehenes gelochtes Rohr 51, das zentrisch in einer zylindrisch ausgebildeten Ummantelung 53 angeordnet ist. Die Ummantelung 53 ist beidseitig mit jeweils einem Aufnahmeflansch 54 versehen, welcher das gelochte Rohr 51 aufnimmt und der radial umlaufend mit Löchern 55 versehen ist.The muffler device 5 is essentially formed by a perforated tube 51 provided with a lug pipe section 52, which is arranged centrally in a cylindrical casing 53. The sheath 53 is provided on both sides with a respective receiving flange 54, which receives the perforated tube 51 and which is provided radially circumferentially with holes 55.

Die Schalldämpfereinrichtung 5 ist über zwei beabstandet zueinander angeordnete Haltearme 56 an dem Zylinder 1 befestigt, wobei zwischen den Haltearmen 56 und der Ummantelung 53 der Schalldämpfereinrichtung 5 Schwingungselemente 57 angeordnet sind, wodurch eine weitgehende Entkopplung der Schalldämpfereinrichtung 5 von dem Zylinder 1 bewirkt ist. Das Ansatzrohrstück 52 der Schalldämpfereinrichtung 5 mündet in den unteren Arbeitsstutzen 16 des Zylinders 1. Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist der untere Arbeitsstutzen 16 um 105 Millimeter gegenüber dem oberen Arbeitsstutzen 17 vertikal versetzt angeordnet.The muffler device 5 is attached to the cylinder 1 by means of two holding arms 56 arranged at a distance from each other, wherein 5 vibration elements 57 are arranged between the holding arms 56 and the casing 53 of the muffler device, whereby a substantial decoupling of the muffler device 5 from the cylinder 1 is effected. The approach pipe section 52 of the muffler device 5 opens into the lower working socket 16 of the cylinder 1. In the embodiment, the lower working socket 16 is arranged offset by 105 millimeters from the upper working socket 17 vertically.

Um den Kolben 2 zum Starten der Dieselramme ein erstes Mal anzuheben, weist der Massenabschnitt 22 des Kolbens 2 einen - nicht dargestellten - eine Mitnahmeschulter bildenden Hinterschnitt zum Eingriff eines Mitnehmers einer - nicht dargestellten - Ausklinkvorrichtung auf.In order to raise the piston 2 for starting the diesel ram a first time, the mass portion 22 of the piston 2 a - not illustrated - a driving shoulder forming undercut for engagement of a driver of a - not shown - release device.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist unterhalb des Schlagstücks 3 der Dieselramme eine Schlaghaube 6 zur Aufnahme eines Rammguts 81 angeordnet. Die Schlaghaube 6 ist im Wesentlichen gebildet durch eine das Rammgut 81 umgreifende Aufnahme 61, die an ihrer dem Schlagstück 3 zugewandten Seite eine Schlagplatte 62 aufweist. Die Aufnahme 61 ist von einem Haubenteil 63 umgeben, das die Aufnahme 61 in Richtung des Schlagstücks 3 überragt. Hierdurch ist oberhalb der Aufnahme 61 ein Rahmen gebildet, an den das Schlagstück umgebend Schallabsorptionselemente 64 angeordnet sind, die auf der Aufnahme 61 aufliegen. Die Schallabsorptionselemente 64 sind dabei derart ausgebildet, dass eine Kollision des Schlagstücks 3 mit den Schallabsorptionselementen 64 vermieden ist, jedoch gleichsam die Schlagplatte 32 des Schlagstücks 3 vollständig umgeben ist, wodurch eine erhebliche Dämpfung der durch die Schläge des Schlagstücks 3 auf die Schlagplatte 62 der Schlaghaube 6 erzeugten Lärmemissionen bewirkt ist.In the exemplary embodiment, a striking hood 6 for receiving a pile 81 is arranged below the hammer 3 of the diesel rams. The striking hood 6 is essentially formed by a receptacle 61 encompassing the pile 81, which has a striking plate 62 on its side facing the hammer 3. The receptacle 61 is surrounded by a hood part 63, which projects beyond the receptacle 61 in the direction of the striking piece 3. As a result, a frame is formed above the receptacle 61, to which the striking piece surrounding sound absorbing elements 64 are arranged, which rest on the receptacle 61. The sound absorbing elements 64 are designed such that a collision of the hammer 3 with the sound absorbing elements 64 is avoided, however, as the impact plate 32 of the hammer 3 is completely surrounded, creating a significant attenuation of the beating of the hammer 3 on the striking plate 62 of the striking hood 6 generated noise emissions is effected.

Mit dem Aufschlagen des Kolbens 2 auf das Schlagstück 3 wird auf das Schlagstück 3 und über dieses auf die das Rammgut 81 aufnehmende Schlaghaube 6 eine nach unten gerichtete Kraft ausgeübt, welche das Rammgut weiter in das Erdreich treibt. Bei der anschließend durch die explosionsartige Verbrennung des Kraftstoffs ausgelösten Aufwärtsbewegung des Kolbens 3 gibt dieser zunächst den unteren Arbeitsstutzen 16 frei, wodurch sich die Verbrennungsgase entspannen und aus dem Arbeitsstutzen 16 über die Schalldämpfereinrichtung 5 entweichen. Nach Freigabe des oberen Arbeitsstutzens 17 wird durch den weiter nach oben geschleuderten Kolben 2 frische Luft angesaugt, bis dieser seine obere Endstellung erreicht hat und sich der beschriebene Arbeitszyklus wiederholt. Da die Frischluft durch den nicht mit einer Schalldämpfereinrichtung versehenen oberen Arbeitsstutzen 17 ungehindert einströmen kann, erfolgt nur eine verschwindend geringe Ansaugung durch den mit der Schalldämpfereinrichtung 5 versehenen unteren Arbeitsstutzen 16, wodurch ein erneuter Eintrag von Schmutzpartikeln der entwichenen Verbrennungsgase vermieden ist.With the impact of the piston 2 on the hammer 3 is a downwardly directed force exerted on the hammer 3 and this on the the pile 81 receiving striker 6, which drives the pile further into the ground. During the subsequent upward movement of the piston 3 triggered by the explosive combustion of the fuel, the latter initially releases the lower working socket 16, as a result of which the combustion gases relax and escape from the working socket 16 via the muffler device 5. After release of the upper working nozzle 17 fresh air is sucked by the further thrown upwards piston 2, until it has reached its upper end position and repeats the cycle described. Since the fresh air can flow freely through the not provided with a muffler upper working nozzle 17, only a vanishingly low intake through the provided with the muffler 5 lower working nozzle 16, whereby a new entry of dirt particles of the escaped combustion gases is avoided.

Claims (9)

  1. Diesel pile driver having a cylinder, a piston (2) movably guided in the cylinder (1) and a striking piece (3) movably guided in the cylinder (1), which in the operating position of the diesel pile driver is arranged below the piston (2), wherein a combustion chamber (12) is arranged, which is axially delimited by an end face of the striking piece positioned inside the cylinder (1) and an end face (21) of the piston (2) and leads into a fuel supply device (4), by means of which during each work cycle a predetermined amount of fuel can be introduced in the combustion chamber (12) and wherein at the height of the fuel supply device (4) at least two working connectors (16, 17) are arranged passing through the circumferential wall of the cylinder (1), wherein at least one working connector (16) is provided with a silencer device (5), characterised in that the at least two working connectors (16, 17) are arranged on two vertically spaced apart imaginary horizontal planes (Eu, Eo) such that at least one working connector (16) is arranged vertically offset relative to a second working connector (17), wherein the at least one lower working connector (16) arranged on the lower plane (Eu) is provided with a silencer device (5).
  2. Diesel pile driver according to claim 1, characterised in that the at least one upper working connector (17) arranged on the upper plane (Eo) has no silencer device (5).
  3. Diesel pile driver according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the two planes (Eu, Eo) are spaced apart from each other by between 80 mm and 120 mm, preferably between 95 mm and 115 mm.
  4. Diesel pile driver according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the silencer device (5) is formed by a coated perforated pipe (51).
  5. Diesel pile driver according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the silencer device (5) is elastically mounted to the cylinder (1) by way of vibration elements (57).
  6. Diesel pile driver according to claim 5, characterised in that the vibration elements (57) are designed as elastomer or rubber components.
  7. Diesel pile driver according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that below the striking piece (3) a helmet (6) for receiving a pile element (81) is arranged, wherein a sound absorbing element (64) at least partially surrounding the striking piece (3) is arranged.
  8. Diesel pile driver according to claim 7, characterised in that the sound absorbing element (64) is formed of at least one perforated metal sheet cassette filled with an absorber material.
  9. Diesel pile driver according to claim 8, characterised in that the absorber material is formed of mineral insulating wool, melamine resin foam or any other suitable porous material.
EP13192600.8A 2013-11-12 2013-11-12 Diesel pile driver Not-in-force EP2871287B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13192600.8A EP2871287B1 (en) 2013-11-12 2013-11-12 Diesel pile driver
US14/533,165 US20150129271A1 (en) 2013-11-12 2014-11-05 Diesel hammer pile driver
CN201410633628.5A CN104631455A (en) 2013-11-12 2014-11-12 Diesel hammer pile driver

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13192600.8A EP2871287B1 (en) 2013-11-12 2013-11-12 Diesel pile driver

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2871287A1 EP2871287A1 (en) 2015-05-13
EP2871287B1 true EP2871287B1 (en) 2016-06-08

Family

ID=49582593

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13192600.8A Not-in-force EP2871287B1 (en) 2013-11-12 2013-11-12 Diesel pile driver

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20150129271A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2871287B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104631455A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110468839B (en) * 2019-08-26 2022-05-13 成都青舟特机环境技术有限公司 Diesel pile driver tail gas treatment facility

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US20150129271A1 (en) 2015-05-14
EP2871287A1 (en) 2015-05-13
CN104631455A (en) 2015-05-20

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