EP2866960B1 - Outil refroidi de formage à chaud et/ou de trempe sous presse de tôle et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de refroidissement dudit outil - Google Patents

Outil refroidi de formage à chaud et/ou de trempe sous presse de tôle et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de refroidissement dudit outil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2866960B1
EP2866960B1 EP13714286.5A EP13714286A EP2866960B1 EP 2866960 B1 EP2866960 B1 EP 2866960B1 EP 13714286 A EP13714286 A EP 13714286A EP 2866960 B1 EP2866960 B1 EP 2866960B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
tool
die
flow
cooling chambers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13714286.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2866960A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Glück
Bernd Wölfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2866960A1 publication Critical patent/EP2866960A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49988—Metal casting
    • Y10T29/49989—Followed by cutting or removing material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tool for hot forming and / or press hardening of a sheet material, according to the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, such as from JP S64 27920 A known.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing a cooling device for such a tool.
  • Hot working is generally understood to mean the forming of a sheet material above its recrystallization temperature.
  • Under press hardening or form hardening is the forming of a previously heated sheet material with simultaneous cooling understood (within a few seconds), which in addition to the shaping of the sheet material and an increase in strength is brought about.
  • simultaneous cooling understood within a few seconds
  • Hot-forming tools and press-hardening tools are typically formed with integrated cooling devices to actively cool the tool-engaging surfaces in contact with the heated sheet-metal and to purposely remove the thermal energy introduced into the tool by the heated sheet-metal material.
  • These cooling devices are usually arranged in the tool cooling holes or cooling channels, which are flowed through by a cooling medium (in particular water-based), so as to accomplish the active cooling of the tool effective surfaces.
  • a cooling medium in particular water-based
  • a cooling device consists of a cooling insert with incorporated cooling channels and a lid placed on this cooling insert (or. Shell), on which also a tool acting surface is formed, is constructed.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a tool for hot forming and / or press hardening of a sheet material with at least one integrated cooling device in the tool, which can be produced easily and inexpensively.
  • the tool according to the invention has a plurality of cooling devices which are integrated in the tool and can be flowed through with a coolant, but at least such a cooling device in order to be able to actively cool the tool acting surfaces coming into contact with the sheet material at least in regions, or to be able to dissipate heat from the tool ,
  • at least one cooling device of the tool according to the invention comprises a shell element with a tool acting surface formed thereon or a tool active surface section, this shell element having on a back side facing away from this tool effective area a plurality of separate cooling chambers through which a coolant can flow and at least one flow control element in each of these cooling chambers the coolant is arranged.
  • the at least one flow guide With the at least one flow guide a defined flow through the respective cooling chamber is achieved.
  • the at least one flow-guiding element serves to control a coolant volume flow through the cooling chamber.
  • the respective flow guide elements are inserted and fastened in the associated cooling chambers in the shell element.
  • the cooling chambers of the shell element are typically formed with different space contour or shape.
  • the arranged in the cooling chambers flow guide therefore have a different Design or shaping on.
  • an individual adaptation between a cooling chamber and the flow guide elements used therein takes place only by processing or reworking of these flow guide elements, whereby this processing can be carried out at any time (ie even after the tool has already been in operation).
  • the flow guide elements can be formed from a material which can be processed particularly easily, as explained in more detail below.
  • the shell element preferably has a plurality of identical and / or differently configured cooling chambers. However, the shell element may also have only a single cooling chamber.
  • the cooling chambers of the shell element are preferably designed as separate through-flow cooling chambers, d. H. Each cooling chamber is fed separately with cooling medium and flows through it. It is preferably provided that two adjacent cooling chambers are divided by a support rib arranged therebetween.
  • the support rib may also serve to support the shell member on a tool body (or the like) to which the shell member is attached. As a result, the shell stability and the compressive strength are significantly improved.
  • each cooling chamber of the shell element is a one-piece body (also referred to below as a flow guide body).
  • Each body or flow guide is adapted in its shape to the associated cooling chamber in which it is positioned or inserted. It is preferably provided that between the outer surface of the flow guide and the inner wall the cooling chamber (Kühlschdung) at least partially a gap (hereinafter also referred to as flow gap) exists or exists through which the coolant can flow defined or through which a coolant flow can be passed through the control of the coolant flow rate quasi through the surface the flow guide takes place.
  • the flow guide body can be provided at least in regions with a surface that reduces or increases the fluid friction and / or coating.
  • such a flow guide body has no supporting or stabilizing function for the shell element, but merely serves to bring about a defined coolant volume flow in the relevant cooling chamber.
  • the flow through a cooling chamber can be influenced in a targeted manner with so-called turbulence promoters in order, for example, to set a turbulent or laminar flow.
  • the flow guide body arranged within a cooling chamber can be flowed around everywhere by the coolant, as a result of which inter alia an overheating of the flow guide body is prevented.
  • the area offset can be uniform or constant. However, it is preferably provided that it is a locally different area offset.
  • a plurality of flow fins may be provided, which are arranged in a cooling chamber. This will be explained in more detail below in connection with the figures.
  • the flow guide body preferably consists of a plastic material.
  • the flow guide body is a plastic cast body.
  • Plastic materials are characterized by a low weight and ease of processing and workability, which allows the flow guide in a simple manner to adapt to the associated cooling chamber individually.
  • the flow guide bodies arranged in different cooling chambers of a shell element can be connected or combined with at least one retaining rail (or retaining strip or the like) to form a structural unit.
  • An attachment and position fixing of the flow guide within the cooling chambers can also take place via the retaining rail.
  • the shell element can be a metal casting, wherein the cooling chambers are already present in the casting blank and the cooling chamber walls remain largely unprocessed (that is to say, in particular, without a stress-relieving reworking).
  • the shell element provided as a metal casting has largely unprocessed cooling chambers.
  • thedeschanditch can be provided with a coating, for example. With a sprayed plastic coating.
  • Such a trained shell element proves to be relatively inexpensive.
  • the shell element z. B. also be formed as a metal milled part. In particular, it is a one-piece (i.e., made in one piece) metal casting or metal milled part.
  • the tool according to the invention may comprise a tool lower part and a (relatively movable) tool upper part, wherein opposite cooling devices are located in the tool lower part as well as in the tool upper part according to the preceding explanations, but whose cooling chambers are arranged offset from one another.
  • Fig. 1 1 shows a tool lower part 100 belonging to a press-hardening tool (in which a hot-forming tool can be designed essentially identical).
  • the tool upper part 200 belonging to the press-hardening tool which in principle can be constructed identically to the tool lower part 100, is indicated only schematically.
  • the tool parts 100 and 200 have tooling surfaces 120 and 220 between which a heated sheet material is formed and cooled at the same time can be.
  • the lower tool part 100 has a plurality of cooling devices in order to be able to actively cool the tool surface 120 that comes into contact with the heated sheet metal material.
  • the tool upper part 200 also has such cooling devices.
  • These cooling devices include metallic shell elements 130 and 140, which are removably attached to a tool body 110.
  • the left-side cooling device is explained in more detail below, for which purpose the shell element 140 is shown in a sectional view.
  • the right-side cooling device with the shell element 130 is constructed in a comparable manner.
  • two or more cooling devices with shell elements only one cooling device with shell element can be provided on the tool according to the invention.
  • other cooling devices or cooling systems known from the prior art for example conventional cooling bores or cooling channels
  • the shell member 140 has a tool-action surface portion 120 '. Starting from the rear side facing away from the tool effective surface section 120 ', which rests on the main body 110, a plurality of cooling chambers 141 extend into the shell element 140, through which a cooling medium (in particular water) can flow. Each cooling chamber 141 is flowed through separately, wherein the leads and drains for the coolant leading over the tool base body 110 are not shown.
  • the mutually adjacent cooling chambers 141 are divided by support ribs 142, wherein the support ribs 142 on the (only exemplary) flat tool body 110 are supported, which improves the pressure resistance and setting behavior of the shell member 140 and leads to an increase in the service life.
  • the cooling chambers 141 taking into account the shape of the horrying perennial abitess 120 'an individual shape and a different depth (and thus different volumes), wherein the respective depth is dimensioned such that at the bottom of the recesses or cooling chambers 141 an equal thickness distance (shell thickness ) to the tool-engaging portion 120 ', as shown.
  • the shell thicknesses in the area of the tool-active area section 120 ' can be kept very low due to the support by the support ribs 142, which is advantageous for the cooling of the tool-active area section 120'. Due to the support by the support ribs 142, the shell element 120 can also be formed with high hardness in the area of the tool-active area section 120 '.
  • each cooling chamber 141 a core-like flow guide 143 is arranged.
  • the flow guide 143 serves to guide the coolant defined by the cooling chamber 141, as explained in more detail below.
  • the flow-guiding element is a one-piece body (hereinafter referred to as flow-guiding body) made of a plastic material (or of an easily machined metal material, such as, for example, aluminum). In principle, however, a flow-guiding element or flow-guiding body 143 can also be formed in several pieces.
  • Each flow guide body 143 is adapted in its shape to the shape of the associated or corresponding cooling chamber 141.
  • 147 denotes a rod-like or connecting element on which all the flow guide bodies 143 inserted in the shell element 140 are fastened (for example, by screwing), thereby creating an assembly that is easy to handle.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section through the shell member 140, wherein this section according to the in Fig. 1 specified section AA passes through a cooling chamber 141 and the core-like flow guide 143 inserted therein.
  • the one-piece flow guide body 143 is designed with respect to its circumferential outer contour or circumferential contour such that there is a flow gap 145 between the flow guide 143 and the oppositedehuntwandung the cooling chamber 141 results, through which the coolant can flow defined (as illustrated with flow arrows) and so a control of the coolant flow rate is achieved.
  • the gap size of the flow gap 145 can be locally adjusted as required, which takes place by removal or optionally by application of plastic material at the flow guide 143.
  • a flow channel or the like may be incorporated for the coolant.
  • the flow guide 143 may contact the front of the chamber wall (as in Fig. 1 shown). However, it is preferably provided that the shaping of the flow guide body 143 with respect to the shaping of the associated or corresponding cooling chamber 141 or itsdeschdung is such that at each point or everywhere a constant width or locally different width flow gap 145 exists, so that the Flow guide 143 completely, ie, also the front side, can be flowed around by the cooling medium. As a result, overheating of the flow guide body 143 can be effectively prevented.
  • the flow guide body 143 is fixed to the rod-like connecting member 147 and is held therethrough within the cooling chamber 141 and fixed in the position shown.
  • the connecting element 147 may be screwed to the shell element 140.
  • FIG. 1 only schematically illustrated tool upper part 200 may be constructed in a similar manner as the tool base 100.
  • the cooling chambers 141 in the shell element 140 belonging to the tool lower part 100 and the cooling chambers 241 in an opposing shell element on the tool upper part 200 are staggered so that no heat esters can arise due to any insufficient cooling of the tool reaction surfaces 120 and 220.
  • the displacement of the cooling chambers 241 in the upper tool part 200 and the cooling chambers 141 in the lower tool part 100 is designed in particular such that the cooling chambers of a tool part overlap with the support ribs between the cooling chambers of the other tool part (with the tool closed).
  • the cooling device described above can be relatively easily, inexpensively and quickly produced.
  • the shell element 140 may be in one piece Metal milled part or produced as a metal casting. (Optionally, a multi-piece welded construction is also conceivable.) Without elaborate processing of theharimuth (inner walls) can then be poured into the cooling chambers 141, a liquid plastic or metal material, so as to produce the flow guide 143.
  • the cooling chambers 141 may be coated with a release agent (or the like) before casting or lined with a foil (eg a wax foil). Furthermore, draft angles can be provided.
  • the particular massive flow guide 143 can be removed from the cooling chambers 141 and optionally reworked (which is preferably done manually), wherein in particular the post-processing of a plastic material (or aluminum material) proves to be very easy due to the weight and the processing properties.
  • the flow gap 145 between a flow guide body 143 and an associated cooling chamber wall (which, in particular, remains unprocessed) can only be set by machining the flow guide body 143.
  • the cooling chambers 141 are already prepared or prepared prior to pouring in such a way that optimum flow gaps 145 already result without post-processing of the flow guide bodies 143.
  • the flow guide 143 can be attached via the retaining strip or support rail 147 on the shell member 140 and fixed in position.
  • Fig. 3 shows in the same representation as Fig. 2 an alternative embodiment of a cooling device according to the invention. Identical components are designated by the same reference numerals. However, for the sake of distinction, the letter "a" is used in addition.
  • a plurality of flow fins 148a are provided to achieve control of the refrigerant flow rate in the cooling chamber 141a.
  • the flow fins 148a may partially overlap.
  • the flow blades 148a are z. B. made of a metal material and on a support rail 149 a fastened (eg by welding).
  • the flow fins 148a may also be made of a plastic material.
  • the lamellar structure is particularly suitable for small and / or narrow cooling chambers.
  • the cooling devices described above can be used in addition to hot forming and press hardening tools in other tools, such as in particular tools for the production of CFRP components.
  • An inventive tool can be used with minor modifications for a wet pressing process in the course of the production of CFRP components, wherein the cooling means are converted into an oil or water-driven heating device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Outil (100/200) de formage à chaud et/ou de trempe sous presse d'une tôle qui comporte plusieurs dispositifs de refroidissement dans lesquels peut circuler un fluide de refroidissement permettant de refroidir de façon active au moins par zone les surfaces actives de l'outil (120, 220) venant en contact avec la tôle, au moins un dispositif de refroidissement comportant un élément de coque (140) ayant une surface active (120') de l'outil, cet élément de coque (140) comportant sur sa face arrière située à l'opposé de la surface active (120') de l'outil, plusieurs chambres de refroidissement (141) dans lesquelles peut circuler séparément un fluide de refroidissement, et dans chacune de ces chambres de refroidissement (141) est monté au moins un élément de guidage de la circulation (143) du fluide de refroidissement,
    caractérisé en ce que
    dans chaque chambre de refroidissement (141) est monté un élément de guidage de la circulation (143) réalisé sous la forme d'un corps de guidage de l'écoulement en une seule pièce, ces corps de guidage de la circulation (143) étant réalisés en un matériau synthétique et la conformation de chaque corps de guidage de la circulation (143) étant adaptée individuellement à la chambre de guidage (141) associée.
  2. Outil (100/200) conforme à la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    deux chambres de séparation (141) voisines sont subdivisées par une nervure d'appui (142) située entre celles-ci.
  3. Outil (100/200) conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les corps de guidage de la circulation (143) montés dans les différentes chambres de refroidissement (141) sont assemblés en une unité par au moins un rail de maintien (147).
  4. Outil (100/200) conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de coque (140) est une pièce métallique coulée.
  5. Outil (100/200) conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il comporte une partie d'outil inférieure (100) et une partie d'outil supérieure (200), dans la partie d'outil inférieure (100) ainsi que dans la partie d'outil supérieure (200) étant installés des dispositifs de refroidissement conformes aux caractéristiques d'au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, dont les chambres de refroidissement (141, 242) sont décalées les unes par rapport aux autres.
  6. Procédé d'obtention d'un dispositif de refroidissement dans un outil (100/200) conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes comprenant les étapes suivantes consistant à :
    - fabriquer l'élément de coquille (140) sous la forme d'une pièce métallique fraisée ou d'une pièce métallique coulée,
    - couler un matériau synthétique fluide dans les chambres de refroidissement (141) de l'élément de coquille (140) et le laisser durcir, et
    - mettre en forme le corps de guidage de la circulation (143) formé par le durcissement à partir des chambres de refroidissement (140) et le cas échéant, effectuer un usinage ultérieur individuel de ces corps de guidage (143) de la circulation.
EP13714286.5A 2012-06-27 2013-04-04 Outil refroidi de formage à chaud et/ou de trempe sous presse de tôle et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de refroidissement dudit outil Active EP2866960B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210210958 DE102012210958A1 (de) 2012-06-27 2012-06-27 Gekühltes Werkzeug zum Warmumformen und/oder Presshärten eines Blechmaterials sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kühleinrichtung für dieses Werkzeug
PCT/EP2013/057076 WO2014000900A1 (fr) 2012-06-27 2013-04-04 Outil refroidi de formage à chaud et/ou de trempe sous presse de tôle et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de refroidissement dudit outil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2866960A1 EP2866960A1 (fr) 2015-05-06
EP2866960B1 true EP2866960B1 (fr) 2019-01-16

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13714286.5A Active EP2866960B1 (fr) 2012-06-27 2013-04-04 Outil refroidi de formage à chaud et/ou de trempe sous presse de tôle et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de refroidissement dudit outil

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10081047B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2866960B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104220186B (fr)
DE (1) DE102012210958A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2724673T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014000900A1 (fr)

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CN104220186B (zh) 2017-04-19
WO2014000900A1 (fr) 2014-01-03
US10081047B2 (en) 2018-09-25
ES2724673T3 (es) 2019-09-13
CN104220186A (zh) 2014-12-17
EP2866960A1 (fr) 2015-05-06
DE102012210958A1 (de) 2014-04-03
US20150107325A1 (en) 2015-04-23

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