EP2861930B1 - Plate heat exchanger - Google Patents

Plate heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2861930B1
EP2861930B1 EP13730487.9A EP13730487A EP2861930B1 EP 2861930 B1 EP2861930 B1 EP 2861930B1 EP 13730487 A EP13730487 A EP 13730487A EP 2861930 B1 EP2861930 B1 EP 2861930B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
exchanger according
housing
plate
enamel coating
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Application number
EP13730487.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2861930A1 (en
Inventor
Volker Wagner
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API Schmidt Bretten GmbH and Co KG
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API Schmidt Bretten GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2861930A1 publication Critical patent/EP2861930A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F28F19/04—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of rubber; of plastics material; of varnish
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/04—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of ceramic; of concrete; of natural stone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plate heat exchanger consisting of a plate stack and the plate stack surrounding housing, wherein the plates are interconnected in the plate stack such that adjacent plate interspaces are alternately flowed through by a first and at least one other medium, wherein the one medium the plate stack over in Stacking direction extending flow channels to or from it is dissipated, while the other medium via a gap between the housing and plate stack on the outer periphery of the associated plate interspaces or is deducible thereof.
  • WO 2008/046952 discloses such a plate heat exchanger.
  • the present invention relates both to those designs in which the plates have seals at their edge and around part of their throughflow openings and are tightly compressed in the stacking direction.
  • This design has the advantage that the plate stack can be opened, inspected and cleaned in a simple manner.
  • the present invention also relates to fully welded plate heat exchanger according to the US 6,158,238 . US 2005/0039896 . WO 2008/046952 and WO 2010/149858 whose content is also included in the present application in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
  • the plate stack consists of a plurality of plate pairs, wherein each pair of plates is formed by two plates which are welded together at least along their outer periphery.
  • Each plate has at least two openings for the flow of one medium, wherein adjacent pairs of plates are joined together by welding along these openings, so that said medium passes through these openings from one pair of plates to the next.
  • the other medium flows through the gap between the housing and plate stack and passes over the outer periphery of the plate stack in the spaces between adjacent plate pairs.
  • the invention also relates to mixed forms between the two aforementioned plate heat exchanger types, ie to partially welded heat exchanger in which welded plate pairs are pressed against each other via seals, so only the spaces between adjacent plate pairs can be opened.
  • these plate heat exchangers can also be configured so that more than two media participate in the heat transfer or that heat-transferring plate interspaces do not follow each other directly, but an inactive plate interspace is interposed, for example, acts as a safety cushion.
  • a third medium may be accommodated, be it stationary, be it as a flowing medium.
  • the material for the plate heat exchangers it is common to use stainless steels alloyed with chromium and nickel. For corrosion resistance z. As against acids, it is also known to add molybdenum as a further alloying component or to use plates of titanium, nickel or their alloys. However, these materials have the disadvantage that they are very expensive. It is therefore through the WO 2008/046952 have become known, the plates and the housing of the heat exchanger made of carbon steel with 0.05% to 2.1% carbon content, resulting in sufficient for many applications corrosion resistance should result.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve the heat exchanger of the types described above in that on the one hand excellent corrosion resistance is ensured, on the other hand, the production costs are considerably cheaper than before.
  • the plates of the plate stack consist in known manner of corrosion-resistant material, in particular stainless steel, whereas the housing consists of a non-corrosion-resistant material, which on its acted upon by medium inside an enamel Coating has.
  • the housing of the heat exchanger can be made of almost any material, as long as it is sufficiently stable and strong and is suitable as a carrier for the enamel coating. It is particularly useful to make the case of enameled black steel.
  • a multilayer enamel coating is advantageously used, consisting of base enamel, which is characterized by good adhesion to the metallic substrate of the housing and by smoothing the same and deck enamel, which has high chemical resistance, in particular acid-resistant is.
  • the material composition of the enamel coating at least with regard to its cover layer, it is recommended that it contains more than 50%, preferably more than 60% SiO 2 and / or more than 3.5%, preferably more than 4.5% TiO 2 and / or contains more than 12%, preferably more than 15% Na 2 O.
  • the enamel coating at least in its outer layer B 2 O 3 and / or Ka 2 O and / or Li 2 O and / or MoO 3 and / or MnO and / or ZrO 2 and / or F preferably each contains in the single-digit percentage range.
  • the thickness of the enamel coating is about 1 mm to 3 mm, preferably about 2 mm.
  • a housing 1 which surrounds a plate package 2 in a conventional manner.
  • the housing as well as the plate pack can have a rectangular, but also a circular or other contour.
  • the plate pack 2 consists of pairs welded together plates 2a, wherein each plate pair is flowed through by a medium which is supplied via at least one connecting piece 3 in the upper region of the plate pack and discharged via at least one connecting piece 4 at the bottom of the plate pack.
  • the plates 2 a have flow-through openings in a manner known per se, which are in alignment with the connecting pieces 3 and 4.
  • the described heat exchanger is fully welded and sealless. It can be operated depending on the selected direction of flow in DC, countercurrent or cross flow.
  • the housing 1 is made of non-corrosion-resistant material and has on all its inner walls - at least as far as they are acted upon by its associated medium - a technical enamel coating which is about 2 mm thick.
  • the plate package 2 and its connecting pieces 3 and 4 made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel.
  • a releasable cover For the formation of the housing 1, it is recommended that it is to be opened at least from the one end side by there is provided a releasable cover.
  • this cover may also have the above-described enamel coating on its side acted upon by medium. If it comes to the direct contact of opposite enamel layers when tightening the lid, this is preferably avoided by an elastic seal of corrosion-resistant plastic is interposed.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the possibilities of how adjacent plate pairs and how the plates of a pair of plates are connected to each other or detachably connected to each other, the former in the left half, the other view in the right half of FIG. 2 is shown.
  • connection piece 3 associated flow-through in the plate 2a with the reference numeral 3a, which marks the lower connection piece 4 associated flow opening with the reference numeral 4a.
  • connection with the adjacent plate pair - be it solvable or unsolvable - along the circumference of the flow openings 3a and 4a, ie in the blackened region 13a and 14a.
  • adjacent plate pairs can be welded together.
  • FIG. 2 In the right half of FIG. 2 is the connection of two plates of the same pair of plates shown, with a view from the interior of the plate pair.
  • the plates are each welded together along their outer circumference or pressed releasably against an intermediate seal.
  • This welding or sealing area is marked by the reference numeral 15, whereby it has to be realized here too that the welding or sealing area extends over the entire circumference, ie over 360 °.
  • the flow-through openings 3a and 4a are open towards the interior of the plate pair, so that the medium can flow from the flow-through opening 3a through the interior of the plate pair to the flow-through opening 4a.
  • the heat exchanger is in FIG. 1 and 2 shown only schematically, because in the present case is only about the special combination of materials and the flow charts and the Versch spaungssectionn the plates correspond to the known prior art.
  • the present invention is characterized by the illustrated material combination by excellent corrosion resistance at a comparatively low manufacturing cost.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Plattenwärmeübertrager bestehend aus einem Plattenstapel und einem den Plattenstapel umgebenden Gehäuse, wobei die Platten in dem Plattenstapel derart miteinander verbunden sind, dass benachbarte Plattenzwischenräume abwechselnd von einem ersten und zumindest einem weiteren Medium durchströmbar sind, wobei das eine Medium dem Plattenstapel über in Stapelrichtung verlaufende Durchströmkanäle zu- bzw. davon abführbar ist, während das andere Medium über einen Zwischenraum zwischen Gehäuse und Plattenstapel am äußeren Umfang den ihm zugeordneten Plattenzwischenräumen zu- bzw. davon abführbar ist.The invention relates to a plate heat exchanger consisting of a plate stack and the plate stack surrounding housing, wherein the plates are interconnected in the plate stack such that adjacent plate interspaces are alternately flowed through by a first and at least one other medium, wherein the one medium the plate stack over in Stacking direction extending flow channels to or from it is dissipated, while the other medium via a gap between the housing and plate stack on the outer periphery of the associated plate interspaces or is deducible thereof.

WO 2008/046952 offenbart einen derartiger Plattenwärmeübertrager. WO 2008/046952 discloses such a plate heat exchanger.

Derartige Plattenwärmeübertrager sind in zahlreichen Ausführungsformen bekannt. Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich sowohl auf solche Bauformen, bei denen die Platten an ihrem Rand und um einen Teil ihrer Durchströmöffnungen Dichtungen aufweisen und in Stapelrichtung dicht zusammengepresst werden. Diese Bauform hat den Vorteil, dass der Plattenstapel in einfacher Weise geöffnet, inspiziert und gereinigt werden kann.Such plate heat exchangers are known in numerous embodiments. The present invention relates both to those designs in which the plates have seals at their edge and around part of their throughflow openings and are tightly compressed in the stacking direction. This design has the advantage that the plate stack can be opened, inspected and cleaned in a simple manner.

Daneben bezieht sich die vorliegende Erfindung aber auch auf vollverschweißte Plattenwärmeübertrager gemäß den US 6,158,238 , US 2005/0039896 ,
WO 2008/046952 und WO 2010/149858 , deren Inhalt zur Vermeidung unnötiger Wiederholungen auch zum Inhalt der vorliegenden Anmeldung gemacht wird. Dabei besteht der Plattenstapel aus einer Vielzahl von Plattenpaaren, wobei jedes Plattenpaar durch zwei Platten gebildet wird, die zumindest entlang ihrem äußeren Umfang miteinander verschweißt sind. Jede Platte hat zumindest zwei Öffnungen für den Durchfluss des einen Mediums, wobei benachbarte Plattenpaare durch Verschweißung entlang dieser Öffnungen miteinander verbunden sind, so dass das genannte Medium durch diese Öffnungen von einem Plattenpaar zum nächsten gelangt. Demgegenüber durchströmt das andere Medium den Zwischenraum zwischen Gehäuse und Plattenstapel und gelangt über den äußeren Umfang des Plattenstapels in die Zwischenräume zwischen benachbarten Plattenpaaren.In addition, however, the present invention also relates to fully welded plate heat exchanger according to the US 6,158,238 . US 2005/0039896 .
WO 2008/046952 and WO 2010/149858 whose content is also included in the present application in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. In this case, the plate stack consists of a plurality of plate pairs, wherein each pair of plates is formed by two plates which are welded together at least along their outer periphery. Each plate has at least two openings for the flow of one medium, wherein adjacent pairs of plates are joined together by welding along these openings, so that said medium passes through these openings from one pair of plates to the next. In contrast, the other medium flows through the gap between the housing and plate stack and passes over the outer periphery of the plate stack in the spaces between adjacent plate pairs.

Des Weiteren bezieht sich die Erfindung auch auf Mischformen zwischen den beiden vorgenannten Plattenwärmeübertrager-Bauarten, also auf teilgeschweißte Wärmeübertrager, bei denen miteinander verschweißte Plattenpaare über Dichtungen aneinander gepresst werden, also immer nur die Zwischenräume zwischen benachbarten Plattenpaaren geöffnet werden können.Furthermore, the invention also relates to mixed forms between the two aforementioned plate heat exchanger types, ie to partially welded heat exchanger in which welded plate pairs are pressed against each other via seals, so only the spaces between adjacent plate pairs can be opened.

Selbstverständlich können diese Plattenwärmeübertrager auch so konfiguriert werden, dass mehr als zwei Medien an der Wärmeübertragung teilnehmen oder dass wärmeübertragende Plattenzwischenräume nicht direkt aufeinanderfolgen, sondern ein inaktiver Plattenzwischenraum zwischengeschaltet ist, der beispielsweise als Sicherheitspolster fungiert.Of course, these plate heat exchangers can also be configured so that more than two media participate in the heat transfer or that heat-transferring plate interspaces do not follow each other directly, but an inactive plate interspace is interposed, for example, acts as a safety cushion.

Soweit eingangs davon gesprochen wird, dass benachbarte Plattenzwischenräume abwechselnd von einem ersten und zumindest einem weiteren Medium durchströmbar sind, bedeutet dies also nicht, dass es sich dabei stets um unmittelbar benachbarte Zwischenräume handeln muss; vielmehr kann im unmittelbar benachbarten Zwischenraum ein drittes Medium untergebracht sein, sei es stationär, sei es als durchströmendes Medium.As far as the beginning is spoken of that adjacent plate interspaces are alternately flowed through by a first and at least one other medium, this does not mean that it must always be immediately adjacent spaces; Rather, in the immediately adjacent intermediate space, a third medium may be accommodated, be it stationary, be it as a flowing medium.

Hinsichtlich des Werkstoffes für die Plattenwärmeübertrager ist es üblich, rostfreie Stähle zu verwenden, die mit Chrom und Nickel legiert sind. Zur Korrosionsbeständigkeit z. B. gegenüber Säuren ist es außerdem bekannt, Molybdän als weitere Legierungskomponente zuzufügen oder Platten aus Titan, Nickel oder deren Legierungen zu verwenden. Allerdings haben diese Werkstoffe den Nachteil, dass sie sehr kostenintensiv sind. Es ist daher durch die WO 2008/046952 bekannt geworden, die Platten und das Gehäuse des Wärmeübertragers aus Kohlenstoffstahl mit 0,05 % bis 2,1 % Kohlenstoffgehalt herzustellen, woraus eine für viele Anwendungsfälle ausreichende Korrosionsbeständigkeit resultieren soll.As for the material for the plate heat exchangers, it is common to use stainless steels alloyed with chromium and nickel. For corrosion resistance z. As against acids, it is also known to add molybdenum as a further alloying component or to use plates of titanium, nickel or their alloys. However, these materials have the disadvantage that they are very expensive. It is therefore through the WO 2008/046952 have become known, the plates and the housing of the heat exchanger made of carbon steel with 0.05% to 2.1% carbon content, resulting in sufficient for many applications corrosion resistance should result.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Wärmeübertrager der eingangs beschriebenen Bauformen dahingehend zu verbessern, dass einerseits hervorragende Korrosionsbeständigkeit gewährleistet ist, andererseits die Herstellungskosten erheblich günstiger als bisher sind.The present invention has for its object to improve the heat exchanger of the types described above in that on the one hand excellent corrosion resistance is ensured, on the other hand, the production costs are considerably cheaper than before.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass folgende Werkstoffkombination gewählt wird: Die Platten des Plattenstapels bestehen in an sich bekannter Weise aus korrosionsbeständigem Werkstoff, insbesondere Edelstahl, wogegen das Gehäuse aus einem nicht korrosionsbeständigen Werkstoff besteht, der an seiner von Medium beaufschlagten Innenseite eine Emaille-Beschichtung aufweist.This object is achieved in that the following material combination is selected: The plates of the plate stack consist in known manner of corrosion-resistant material, in particular stainless steel, whereas the housing consists of a non-corrosion-resistant material, which on its acted upon by medium inside an enamel Coating has.

Durch diese Werkstoffkombination verringern sich die Materialkosten des Gehäuses erheblich, ohne dass seine Korrosionsbeständigkeit leidet. Man erreicht also hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit bei geringeren Kosten.This combination of materials significantly reduces the material cost of the housing without sacrificing its corrosion resistance. So you can achieve high corrosion resistance at lower cost.

Prinzipiell kann das Gehäuse des Wärmeübertragers aus nahezu beliebigem Material bestehen, solange es ausreichend stabil und fest ist und als Träger für die Emaille-Beschichtung geeignet ist. Besonders zweckmäßig ist es, das Gehäuse aus emailliertem Schwarzstahl herzustellen.In principle, the housing of the heat exchanger can be made of almost any material, as long as it is sufficiently stable and strong and is suitable as a carrier for the enamel coating. It is particularly useful to make the case of enameled black steel.

Für die Emaille-Beschichtung wird zweckmäßig eine mehrlagige Emaille-Beschichtung verwendet, bestehend aus Grund-Emaille, das sich durch gute Haftung auf dem metallischen Trägermaterial des Gehäuses und durch Glättung desselben auszeichnet und aus Deck-Emaille, das hohe chemische Beständigkeit aufweist, insbesondere säurefest ist.For the enamel coating a multilayer enamel coating is advantageously used, consisting of base enamel, which is characterized by good adhesion to the metallic substrate of the housing and by smoothing the same and deck enamel, which has high chemical resistance, in particular acid-resistant is.

Für die stoffliche Zusammensetzung der Emaille-Beschichtung, zumindest hinsichtlich ihrer Deckschicht, empfiehlt es sich, dass sie über 50 %, vorzugsweise über 60 % SiO2 und/oder über 3,5 %, vorzugsweise über 4,5 % TiO2 und/oder über 12 %, vorzugsweise über 15 % Na2O enthält.For the material composition of the enamel coating, at least with regard to its cover layer, it is recommended that it contains more than 50%, preferably more than 60% SiO 2 and / or more than 3.5%, preferably more than 4.5% TiO 2 and / or contains more than 12%, preferably more than 15% Na 2 O.

Des Weiteren empfiehlt es sich, dass die Emaille-Beschichtung zumindest in ihrer Deckschicht B2O3 und/oder Ka2O und/oder Li2O und/oder MoO3 und/oder MnO und/oder ZrO2 und/oder F, bevorzugt jeweils im einstelligen Prozentbereich enthält. Zusätzlich empfiehlt sich die Zugabe von BaO und/oder CoO und/oder V2O5, bevorzugt jeweils im Promillebereich.Furthermore, it is recommended that the enamel coating at least in its outer layer B 2 O 3 and / or Ka 2 O and / or Li 2 O and / or MoO 3 and / or MnO and / or ZrO 2 and / or F, preferably each contains in the single-digit percentage range. In addition, it is advisable to add BaO and / or CoO and / or V 2 O 5 , preferably in the per thousand range.

Die Dicke der Emaille-Beschichtung beträgt etwa 1 mm bis 3 mm, vorzugsweise etwa 2 mm.The thickness of the enamel coating is about 1 mm to 3 mm, preferably about 2 mm.

Für die üblicherweise am Gehäuse angeschweißten Anschlussstutzen bieten sich dem Fachmann die bekannten Alternativen, insbesondere also die Verwendung von Edelstahl. Es liegt aber auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, diese Anschlussstutzen, insbesondere soweit sie für das den Zwischenraum zwischen Gehäuse und Plattenpaket durchströmende Medium vorgesehen sind, ebenfalls emailliertes Schwarzblech einzusetzen.For the usually welded to the housing connecting pieces offer the expert the known alternatives, in particular therefore the use of stainless steel. However, it is also within the scope of the invention, these connecting pieces, in particular as far as they are provided for the medium between the housing and plate package flowing medium, also enamelled black plate.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispieles und aus der Zeichnung; dabei zeigt

Figur 1:
einen Schnitt durch den erfindungsgemäßen Plattenwärmeübertrager quer zu den Platten;
Figur 2:
eine Draufsicht auf die Außenseite und die Innenseite eines Plattenpaares;
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment and from the drawing; shows
FIG. 1:
a section through the plate heat exchanger according to the invention transverse to the plates;
FIG. 2:
a plan view of the outside and inside of a plate pair;

Man erkennt in der Zeichnung ein Gehäuse 1, das in an sich bekannter Weise ein Plattenpaket 2 umgibt. Das Gehäuse wie auch das Plattenpaket können eine rechteckige, ebenso aber auch eine kreisförmige oder sonstige Kontur aufweisen.It can be seen in the drawing, a housing 1, which surrounds a plate package 2 in a conventional manner. The housing as well as the plate pack can have a rectangular, but also a circular or other contour.

Das Plattenpaket 2 besteht aus paarweise miteinander verschweißten Platten 2a, wobei jedes Plattenpaar von einem Medium durchströmt wird, das über zumindest einen Anschlussstutzen 3 im oberen Bereich des Plattenpaketes zugeführt und über mindestens einen Anschlussstutzen 4 am unteren Bereich des Plattenpaketes abgeführt wird. Die Platten 2a weisen hierzu in an sich bekannter Weise Durchströmöffnungen auf, die mit den Anschlussstutzen 3 und 4 fluchten.The plate pack 2 consists of pairs welded together plates 2a, wherein each plate pair is flowed through by a medium which is supplied via at least one connecting piece 3 in the upper region of the plate pack and discharged via at least one connecting piece 4 at the bottom of the plate pack. For this purpose, the plates 2 a have flow-through openings in a manner known per se, which are in alignment with the connecting pieces 3 and 4.

Zumindest entlang dieser Durchströmöffnungen sind benachbarte Plattenpaare miteinander verschweißt, so dass zwischen allen benachbarten Plattenpaaren Durchströmspalte für das andere Medium entstehen. Dieses andere Medium wird über einen Anschlussstutzen 5 dem oberen Umfang des Plattenpaketes 2 zugeführt, verlässt das Plattenpaket am unteren Rand und wird durch einen Anschlussstutzen 6 abgeleitet. Dabei stellen an sich bekannte Einbauten 1 a im Gehäuse 1 sicher, dass das letztgenannte Medium nicht außen um das Plattenpaket herum strömen kann, sondern durch die Spalte zwischen den Plattenpaaren hindurchfließen muss.At least along these throughflow openings adjacent plate pairs are welded together, so that arise between all adjacent plate pairs Durchströmspalte for the other medium. This other medium is supplied via a connecting piece 5 to the upper periphery of the plate pack 2, leaves the plate pack at the bottom and is discharged through a connecting piece 6. In this case, known internals 1 a in the housing 1 ensure that the latter medium can not flow around the outside around the plate pack, but must flow through the gaps between the plate pairs.

Der beschriebene Wärmeübertrager ist vollverschweißt und dichtungslos ausgeführt. Er kann je nach gewählter Strömungsrichtung im Gleichstrom, Gegenstrom oder Kreuzstrom betrieben werden.The described heat exchanger is fully welded and sealless. It can be operated depending on the selected direction of flow in DC, countercurrent or cross flow.

Wesentlich ist nun, dass das Gehäuse 1 aus nicht korrosionsbeständigem Werkstoff besteht und an all seinen Innenwänden - zumindest soweit sie von seinem zugeordneten Medium beaufschlagt werden - eine technische Emaille-Beschichtung aufweist, die etwa 2 mm stark ist. Dagegen besteht das Plattenpaket 2 und seine Anschlussstutzen 3 und 4 aus korrosionsbeständigem Edelstahl.It is essential that the housing 1 is made of non-corrosion-resistant material and has on all its inner walls - at least as far as they are acted upon by its associated medium - a technical enamel coating which is about 2 mm thick. In contrast, the plate package 2 and its connecting pieces 3 and 4 made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel.

Soweit vorstehend von der Innenbeschichtung des Gehäuses 1 mit Emaille gesprochen worden ist, bezieht sich dies selbstverständlich auch auf die zur Strömungsführung dienenden Einbauten 1 a, die nicht nur an den Stirnseiten des Plattenstapels 2, sondern auch in Umfangsbereichen des Plattenstapels angeordnet sind.As far as has been spoken above of the inner coating of the housing 1 with enamel, this of course also refers to the flow guidance serving internals 1 a, which are arranged not only on the end faces of the plate stack 2, but also in the peripheral regions of the plate stack.

Für die Ausbildung des Gehäuses 1 empfiehlt es sich, dass es zumindest von der einen Stirnseite her zu öffnen ist, indem dort ein lösbarer Deckel vorgesehen ist. Selbstverständlich kann dieser Deckel an seiner von Medium beaufschlagten Seite ebenfalls die vorbeschriebene Emaille-Beschichtung aufweisen. Falls es beim Festschrauben des Deckels zum direkten Kontakt gegenüberliegender Emaille-Schichten kommt, wird dies vorzugsweise vermieden, indem eine elastische Dichtung aus korrosionsbeständigem Kunststoff zwischengelegt wird.For the formation of the housing 1, it is recommended that it is to be opened at least from the one end side by there is provided a releasable cover. Of course, this cover may also have the above-described enamel coating on its side acted upon by medium. If it comes to the direct contact of opposite enamel layers when tightening the lid, this is preferably avoided by an elastic seal of corrosion-resistant plastic is interposed.

Eine besonders zweckmäßige Zusammensetzung der Emaille-Beschichtung, zumindest ihrer äußeren Deckschicht lässt sich wie folgt definieren:

  • 65 % SiO2, 15 % Na2O, 5 % TiO2, 3,5 ZrO2, 2,5 % B2O3,
  • 1,8 % F, 1,7 % Li2O, 1,4 % MnO, 1,1 % MoO3, 1 % Ka2O,
  • 0,3 % BaO, 0,25 % V2O5 und 0,1 % CoO;
dabei liegt es selbstverständlich im Rahmen der Erfindung, die vorgenannten Prozentangaben nach oben oder unten um jeweils 5 % bis 10 % vom Ausgangswert zu verändern.A particularly useful composition of the enamel coating, at least its outer cover layer, can be defined as follows:
  • 65% SiO 2 , 15% Na 2 O, 5% TiO 2 , 3.5 ZrO 2 , 2.5% B 2 O 3 ,
  • 1.8% F, 1.7% Li 2 O, 1.4% MnO, 1.1% MoO 3 , 1% Ka 2 O,
  • 0.3% BaO, 0.25% V 2 O 5 and 0.1% CoO;
It is of course within the scope of the invention to change the aforementioned percentages up or down by 5% to 10% of the initial value.

Figur 2 verdeutlicht die Möglichkeiten, wie benachbarte Plattenpaare und wie die Platten eines Plattenpaares miteinander verbunden oder lösbar aneinander angeschlossen werden, wobei ersteres in der linken Hälfte, die andere Ansicht in der rechten Hälfte von Figur 2 dargestellt ist. FIG. 2 illustrates the possibilities of how adjacent plate pairs and how the plates of a pair of plates are connected to each other or detachably connected to each other, the former in the left half, the other view in the right half of FIG. 2 is shown.

In Anlehnung an die in Figur 1 verwendeten Bezugszeichen für die Anschlussstutzen ist die dem oberen Anschlussstutzen 3 zugeordnete Durchströmöffnung in der Platte 2a mit dem Bezugszeichen 3a, die dem unteren Anschlussstutzen 4 zugeordnete Durchströmöffnung mit dem Bezugszeichen 4a markiert.Based on the in FIG. 1 used reference numerals for the connecting pieces is the upper connection piece 3 associated flow-through in the plate 2a with the reference numeral 3a, which marks the lower connection piece 4 associated flow opening with the reference numeral 4a.

Bei der links dargestellten Draufsicht auf die Außenseite eines Plattenpaares erfolgt die Verbindung mit dem benachbarten Plattenpaar - sei sie lösbar oder unlösbar - entlang dem Umfang der Durchströmöffnungen 3a und 4a, also in dem geschwärzten Bereich 13a bzw. 14a. An diesen Bereichen, die man sich in Praxis nicht mit den gezeichneten Umfangsbereichen von 180°, sondern mit den vollen Umfangsbereichen von 360° vorzustellen hat, können benachbarte Plattenpaare miteinander verschweißt sein.In the plan view of the outside of a plate pair shown on the left, the connection with the adjacent plate pair - be it solvable or unsolvable - along the circumference of the flow openings 3a and 4a, ie in the blackened region 13a and 14a. In these areas, which one has to imagine in practice not with the drawn peripheral areas of 180 °, but with the full peripheral areas of 360 °, adjacent plate pairs can be welded together.

Ebenso ist es möglich, anstelle einer Schweißverbindung eine lösbare Verbindung vorzusehen; dann ist an den geschwärzten Bereichen, selbstverständlich wieder über den gesamten Öffnungsumfang, eine Dichtung angeordnet und die Plattenpaare werden von außen axial zusammengedrückt, so dass benachbarte Plattenpaare im Umfangsbereich der Durchströmöffnungen 3a und 4a abgedichtet aufeinanderfolgen.It is also possible to provide a detachable connection instead of a welded joint; then at the blackened areas, of course, again over the entire opening circumference, a seal arranged and the plate pairs are axially compressed from the outside, so that adjacent pairs of plates in the peripheral region of the flow-through openings 3a and 4a follow each other sealed.

In beiden Fällen wird der außerhalb der Schweißnähte bzw. Dichtungen 13a und 14a liegende Zwischenraum zwischen benachbarten Plattenpaaren von dem anderen Medium durchströmt, das über die Anschlussstutzen 5 und 6 zugeleitet bzw. abgeleitet wird.In either case, the gap between adjacent plate pairs outside the welds 13a and 14a becomes different from the other Medium flows through, which is fed or discharged via the connecting pieces 5 and 6.

In der rechten Hälfte von Figur 2 ist die Verbindung zweier Platten desselben Plattenpaares dargestellt, und zwar mit Sicht aus dem Innenraum des Plattenpaares. Hier sind die Platten jeweils längs ihres äußeren Umfanges miteinander verschweißt oder lösbar gegen eine Zwischendichtung gepresst. Dieser Schweiß- oder Dichtungsbereich ist durch das Bezugszeichen 15 markiert, wobei man sich auch hier zu vergegenwärtigen hat, dass der Schweiß- oder Dichtungsbereich über den gesamten Umfang, also über 360°, geht.In the right half of FIG. 2 is the connection of two plates of the same pair of plates shown, with a view from the interior of the plate pair. Here, the plates are each welded together along their outer circumference or pressed releasably against an intermediate seal. This welding or sealing area is marked by the reference numeral 15, whereby it has to be realized here too that the welding or sealing area extends over the entire circumference, ie over 360 °.

Die Durchströmöffnungen 3a und 4a sind zum Innenraum des Plattenpaares hin offen, damit das Medium von der Durchströmöffnung 3a durch den Innenraum des Plattenpaares zur Durchströmöffnung 4a fließen kann.The flow-through openings 3a and 4a are open towards the interior of the plate pair, so that the medium can flow from the flow-through opening 3a through the interior of the plate pair to the flow-through opening 4a.

Der Wärmeübertrager ist in Figur 1 und 2 nur schematisch dargestellt, weil es vorliegend nur um die spezielle Werkstoff-Kombination geht und die Fließschemata und die Verschweißungsvarianten der Platten dem bekannten Stand der Technik entsprechen.The heat exchanger is in FIG. 1 and 2 shown only schematically, because in the present case is only about the special combination of materials and the flow charts and the Verschweißungsvarianten the plates correspond to the known prior art.

Im Ergebnis kann festgestellt werden, dass sich die vorliegende Erfindung durch die dargestellte Werkstoffkombination durch exzellente Korrosionsbeständigkeit bei vergleichsweise niedrigen Herstellungskosten auszeichnet.As a result, it can be said that the present invention is characterized by the illustrated material combination by excellent corrosion resistance at a comparatively low manufacturing cost.

Claims (13)

  1. Plate heat exchanger consisting of a plate stack (2) and a housing (1) surrounding the plate stack, the plates (2a) in the plate stack (2) being connected to one another in such a way that a first medium and at least one further medium are able to flow alternately through adjacent plate interspaces and the first medium is conductible to and from the plate stack (2) via throughflow channels running in the stack direction, while the other medium is conductible to and from the plate interspaces associated therewith via an interspace between the housing (1) and the plate stack (2) on the outer periphery,
    characterised in that
    the following material combination is present: the plates (2a) of the plate stack (2) consist in a manner known per se of corrosion-resistant material, whereas the housing (1) consists of a non-corrosion-resistant material having an enamel coating on its inner side which is acted upon by medium.
  2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the housing consists of enamelled black steel.
  3. Heat exchanger according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the enamel coating is multi-layered.
  4. Heat exchanger according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the enamel coating consists of at least one base coating and at least one cover coating.
  5. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 4,
    characterised in that
    the enamel coating contains, at least in its cover layer, more than 50 %, preferably more than 60 %, SiO2.
  6. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 4,
    characterised in that
    the enamel coating contains, at least in its cover layer, more than 3.5 %, preferably more than 4.5 %, TiO2.
  7. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 4,
    characterised in that
    the enamel coating contains, at least in its cover layer, more than 12 %, preferably approximately 15 %, Na2O.
  8. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 4,
    characterised in that
    the enamel coating contains, at least in its cover layer, B2O3 and/or Ka2O and/or Li2O and/or MoO3 and/or MnO and/or ZrO2 and/or F, preferably in a single-digit percentage range in each case.
  9. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 4,
    characterised in that
    the enamel coating contains, at least in its cover layer, BaO and/or CoO and/or V2O5, preferably in a parts per thousand range in each case.
  10. Heat exchanger according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the enamel coating has a thickness of from approximately 1 mm to approximately 3 mm, preferably from approximately 1.5 mm to approximately 2.5 mm.
  11. Heat exchanger according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the housing (1) has welded-on inbuilt elements (1a), which likewise consist of enamelled black steel, for guiding the flow.
  12. Heat exchanger according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the housing (1) has welded-on connectors (5, 6) which likewise consist of enamelled black steel.
  13. Heat exchanger according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the housing (1) has housing parts (1 a, 1 b) which are screwable to one another.
EP13730487.9A 2012-06-18 2013-06-17 Plate heat exchanger Active EP2861930B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012011936A DE102012011936A1 (en) 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Plate heat exchangers
PCT/EP2013/001788 WO2013189587A1 (en) 2012-06-18 2013-06-17 Plate heat exchanger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2861930A1 EP2861930A1 (en) 2015-04-22
EP2861930B1 true EP2861930B1 (en) 2017-04-05

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ID=48670487

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US (1) US20150168085A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2861930B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2015524044A (en)
KR (1) KR20150029709A (en)
CN (1) CN104395686A (en)
BR (1) BR112014031145B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2876547C (en)
DE (1) DE102012011936A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2622452C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2013189587A1 (en)

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US11746241B2 (en) 2020-01-14 2023-09-05 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Antifungal/antibacterial hydrophilic coating
US11970414B2 (en) * 2020-07-07 2024-04-30 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Water system component

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KR20150029709A (en) 2015-03-18
BR112014031145A2 (en) 2017-08-08
CA2876547C (en) 2020-06-09
RU2014150458A (en) 2016-08-10
US20150168085A1 (en) 2015-06-18
CN104395686A (en) 2015-03-04
DE102012011936A1 (en) 2013-12-19
WO2013189587A1 (en) 2013-12-27
RU2622452C2 (en) 2017-06-15
BR112014031145B1 (en) 2020-09-01
JP2015524044A (en) 2015-08-20
EP2861930A1 (en) 2015-04-22
CA2876547A1 (en) 2013-12-27

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