EP2860468B1 - Heizkessel - Google Patents

Heizkessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2860468B1
EP2860468B1 EP12864957.1A EP12864957A EP2860468B1 EP 2860468 B1 EP2860468 B1 EP 2860468B1 EP 12864957 A EP12864957 A EP 12864957A EP 2860468 B1 EP2860468 B1 EP 2860468B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
reaction chamber
combustion
combustion chamber
openings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12864957.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2860468A2 (de
EP2860468A4 (de
Inventor
Jirgalbek Omuralievitch Sarymsakov
Talgat Bekuzakovisch Tursunov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2860468A2 publication Critical patent/EP2860468A2/de
Publication of EP2860468A4 publication Critical patent/EP2860468A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2860468B1 publication Critical patent/EP2860468B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/006—Stoves or ranges incorporating a catalytic combustor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
    • F23B10/02—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers including separate secondary combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B60/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving
    • F23B60/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving with combustion air supplied through a grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
    • F23B90/08—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion in the presence of catalytic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/06—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air into the fire bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
    • F24B1/026—Closed stoves with several combustion zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/0027—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using fluid fuel
    • F24H1/0045—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using fluid fuel with catalytic combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2230/00—Solid fuel fired boiler

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating boiler with a fire chamber according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention can be used in a boiler construction for solid fuels for the heating of household and industrial spaces with a possibility of recovery of carbonaceous waste.
  • An exhaust pipe connects the combustion chamber and the thermostatic chamber.
  • a technical result of this embodiment consists in a Nachbrennverêtung the exhaust gases and in a safety increase of the device.
  • the lack of the known boiler is a low working efficiency, which is due to the fact that the post combustion of the exhaust gases in the upper air supply into the combustion zone in the upper part of the combustion chamber is spontaneous.
  • regulation of the oxygen super-air supply in proportion to the gases formed is not provided.
  • a larger amount of fire gas will escape in the boiler, and a larger amount of oxygen will be required for its full combustion.
  • the nozzles can only pass a fixed amount of air, so unburned fire gases go into the atmosphere, which reduces the operating characteristics.
  • a furnace, an air duct and a heat exchanger are selected (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2408822, F24B5 / 02, published in 2011), which has a fire chamber with an ash trap, an afterburner, a heat exchanger and a flue pipe connected to each other are connected via exhaust ducts.
  • the afterburner chamber is disposed in a firebox and formed in the form of a horizontally located cylindrical tube. It is supplied by a vortex pattern and an air duct in the form of an additional tube, which is arranged after the tube axes of the afterburner.
  • a reheat tube is provided near the front wall of the combustion chamber with longitudinal cuts with a formation of blades.
  • the vortex image is in the form of bent vanes, and the tube opening is closed at the front.
  • the shortcoming of the prototype furnace, air duct and heat exchanger is its low work efficiency due to incomplete combustion of the fuel. This is due to the fact that the ratio of the leaked fuel gases to the feed air has an unstable character.
  • the gas formation processes depend on the temperature in the combustion chamber, which is also unstable.
  • the amount of air that arrives at a steady rate is not proportional to the rate of reaction of the fuel combustion.
  • there is a deficit of oxygen or excess which complicates regulation and violates the fuel to air ratio. If you increase the supply of first air under the grate, then the particles of fuel, which is located on the grid, the air rush act.
  • the air rush which counteracts the gravity of the fuel particles, proves to be levitating in a hovering state, which increases the thickness of the burning layer or does not burn it out of the chamber at the expense of increased vortex formation.
  • Fr 2,886,277 A1 discloses an apparatus having a combustion chamber with a fuel connected to an afterburner chamber via a combustion reactor.
  • the reactor is provided with an air inlet and a section for mixing the fuel and an oxidant, e.g. For example, air.
  • the post-combustion chamber has an after-combustion gas which is withdrawn via an evacuation tube which is concentric with a tube of the combustion reactor.
  • the heating boiler has a firebox, in the combustion chamber of which a post-combustion chamber in the form of a horizontally located cylindrical tube with a closed end face and openings on its surface and an ash deposit are arranged.
  • the heating boiler is connected to a forced feed source for an oxidizer.
  • the heating boiler on a heat exchanger and a flue pipe, which are connected to each other via exhaust ducts.
  • the afterburner chamber is formed with longitudinal inclined edges on its side surface and openings therebetween, and is provided with a reaction chamber in the form of a cylinder having openings on its side surface provided.
  • the cylinder is coaxial therewith and disposed with an annular clearance connected to a forced feed channel for the oxidizer.
  • the reaction chamber is connected to the heat exchanger via a catalyst which is arranged in its free end face.
  • Guide rails from the cylindrical tube of the post-combustion chamber and the reaction chamber are in the form of ovals whose major axes are perpendicular to the base of the combustion chamber.
  • the execution of the afterburner chamber with the longitudinal inclined edges on the side surface and the openings therebetween provided with the reaction chamber in the form of a cylinder with the openings on its side surface disposed therein coaxially and with an annular clearance provided with a forced feed passage for the oxidizer is associated contributes to a heterogeneous effect of the fuel combustion on various gasification steps and provides Nachbrenn discipline for exhaust gases in the eddy current, which contributes to a balanced stable maintenance of a high temperature in the firebox and to a uniformity of the thermal processes.
  • This phenomenon is due to the fact that the combustion processes take place during concentrated heating and solid fuel combustion in which the contents of the volatile and solid carbon contents are not constant, since the interacting components are in different states of aggregation.
  • the various volatiles differ in different initial temperatures, and process is extended during its allocation. Therefore, its final step is combined with firing in a reaction chamber where it enters through the openings on the side surfaces of a reheat chamber and a reaction chamber.
  • the number of reacted carbon of the number of oxidant supplied becomes stable correspond.
  • the burning process of pure carbon in a reaction chamber is self-regulated, which also contributes to full fuel combustion. With stable oxidant consumption, the number of burned fuel also becomes stable at the expense of an aerodynamic reactive effect in the afterburner chamber.
  • the change in thermal stress is produced at the expense of regulating the oxidant feed to the post-combustion chamber with the simultaneous oxidant feed to the ash.
  • the communication of a reaction chamber with a heat exchanger through the catalyst allows to catch different resinous and solid fuel particles, which substantially reduces the toxicity of exhaust gases.
  • the ecological characteristics are improved, since the catalyst prevents the agglomeration or burning of active component in the heterogeneous catalysis. This allows to maintain a high contact area of active material and reagents.
  • the design of the guide rails from the cylindrical tube of the post-combustion chamber and the reaction chamber in the form of ovals, whose large axes are perpendicular to the base of the combustion chamber, contributes to the concentration of infrared radiation from their walls. This improves the gasification of solid fuel and the stabilization of the interaction processes of the oxidizer with the carbon of the fuel under the conditions of high temperatures. As a result, the coal mass burns most effectively, so that the utility of the boiler is increased overall.
  • the boiler takes on a fire chamber, which consists of a combustion chamber 1 with a tightly closed hatch 2 and a door 3, a grid 4 and an ash case 5 with a sealed door 6.
  • a post-combustion chamber 7 is arranged at the level of the door 3.
  • the afterburner chamber 7 is formed in the form of a horizontally located cylindrical tube 8 with longitudinal inclined edges 9 on its side surface. Between the edges 9 8 openings 10 are formed on the tube.
  • a reaction chamber 12 which is formed in the form of a cylinder 13 with openings 14 on their side surfaces.
  • the annular clearance 11 is connected via a channel 15 to a forced supply source of oxidizing agent in the form of a fan 16.
  • the fan 16 is connected via a channel 17 with the ash case 5.
  • the free end face of the cylinder 13 of the reaction chamber 12 is connected via a catalyst 18, for.
  • an oxidizing support SiO 2, Al 2 O 3 and SiC
  • a heat exchanger 19 in the upper part of a chimney 20 is formed.
  • the boiler works in the following way:
  • an easily inflamed material - firewood - is set up and lit by the door 3 on the grate 4.
  • a set of coal of different fraction is fed to the firing layer.
  • the fan 16 After the firing of the firewood and the laying of the foundation of a coal charge the fan 16 is started, which compresses through the channels 15 and 17, the oxidizing agent - the air - in the annular clearance 11 and the ash case 5 accordingly.
  • the oxidizing agent from the ash deposit 5 passes through the grate 4 directly into the zone of the firing layer and accelerates the burning process of Coal and the process of separation of pyrolysis gases in the combustion chamber.
  • In the combustion chamber 1 is a deep decomposition of organic carbon on solid and gaseous fractions happens.
  • the gases accompanying the thermal reactions pass through the apertures 10 into the annular clearance 11 in which the combustion reaction steps proceed at a significant rate and enter the reaction chamber 12 through the apertures 14.
  • the temperature is at the expense of a high concentration of infrared radiation raised from the walls formed by their oval profile. This ensures an optimal burning rate of fire gases.
  • the fuel gases pass through the catalyst 18, z. Oxidation support (SiO 2, Al 2 O 3 and SiC), where a decomposition reaction of the final hydrocarbons takes place.
  • Their firing process is terminated with formation with the exit of thermal streams passing through the heat exchanger 19, where intensive cooling occurs, and then they pass through the chimney 20 into the external environment.
  • the loaded into the combustion chamber 1 fuel lowers depending on its burning under its own weight and requires no additional feeders.
  • the heating boiler of the offered construction has a high efficiency, corresponds to the conditions of an ecological and a fire safety and is besides user-friendly. An industrial sample has been made and thermal tests have been carried out to determine the efficiency and standards of the efficiency of harmful emissions to the atmosphere.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
EP12864957.1A 2012-01-09 2012-11-08 Heizkessel Not-in-force EP2860468B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EA201200425A EA020432B1 (ru) 2012-01-09 2012-01-09 Отопительный котёл
PCT/KZ2012/000010 WO2013105839A2 (ru) 2012-01-09 2012-11-08 Отопительный котел

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2860468A2 EP2860468A2 (de) 2015-04-15
EP2860468A4 EP2860468A4 (de) 2015-11-25
EP2860468B1 true EP2860468B1 (de) 2017-04-26

Family

ID=48718872

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12864957.1A Not-in-force EP2860468B1 (de) 2012-01-09 2012-11-08 Heizkessel

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2860468B1 (ru)
CN (1) CN103196161B (ru)
EA (1) EA020432B1 (ru)
UA (1) UA103957C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2013105839A2 (ru)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104848260A (zh) * 2015-05-27 2015-08-19 任丘市创新采暖设备有限公司 多种燃料清洁燃烧炊事采暖炉
CN105020746B (zh) * 2015-07-27 2018-08-21 任丘市创新采暖设备有限公司 清洁高效炊事采暖炉
RU2735755C1 (ru) * 2020-05-26 2020-11-06 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Научно - Исследовательский Институт Технологий Органической, Неорганической Химии И Биотехнологий" Каталитическая печь для сжигания твердых отходов

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3602285A1 (de) * 1986-01-25 1987-07-30 Energetec Ges Fuer Energietech Warmluftofen fuer feste brennstoffe
SU1368567A1 (ru) * 1986-07-07 1988-01-23 Научно-Исследовательский Институт Санитарной Техники И Оборудования Зданий И Сооружений Топка дл сжигани древесных отходов
BE1003452A3 (fr) * 1987-11-06 1992-03-31 Gerofina Sa Recuperation perimetrique des gaz et fumees degagees par un corps de chauffe.
GB2215035A (en) * 1988-02-04 1989-09-13 Powerwash Systems Limited Improvements relating to stoves
CN2213925Y (zh) * 1995-02-24 1995-11-29 秦晓波 多功能燃水炊浴采暖高效节能炉
RU2137030C1 (ru) * 1998-07-30 1999-09-10 Каменских Геннадий Георгиевич Горизонтальный жаротрубный котел
US6321743B1 (en) * 2000-06-29 2001-11-27 Institute Of Gas Technology Single-ended self-recuperated radiant tube annulus system
CN100400979C (zh) * 2002-12-03 2008-07-09 吴强 内热管凝结式燃气热水、采暖锅炉
RU2276755C1 (ru) * 2004-11-10 2006-05-20 Владимир Александрович Степанов Печь, воздуховод и дымоход для нее
UA87442C2 (ru) * 2005-02-17 2009-07-27 Евгений Александрович Мамалыга Котел для сжигания твердого топлива
FR2886377B1 (fr) * 2005-05-31 2007-11-23 Jean Guillot Dispositif de combustion avec prechauffage de l'air de combustion par les gaz de postcombustion eux-memes surchauffes par leur passage au coeur de la combustion
CN1834535B (zh) * 2006-03-16 2010-04-14 周开根 一种无烟尘的燃煤锅炉
RU2319909C2 (ru) 2006-04-03 2008-03-20 Сергей Михайлович Котенёв Каталитический котел медленного горения
DE102006046599B4 (de) * 2006-09-30 2012-02-09 Hochschule Karlsruhe-Technik Und Wirtschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur diskontinuierlichen Verbrennung von Brennstoffen
RU2408822C1 (ru) 2009-06-08 2011-01-10 Сергей Александрович Гусаров Печь, воздуховод и теплообменник для нее
CN201443786U (zh) * 2009-07-29 2010-04-28 徐功波 多功能节能家用采暖炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EA020432B1 (ru) 2014-11-28
CN103196161A (zh) 2013-07-10
EP2860468A2 (de) 2015-04-15
WO2013105839A2 (ru) 2013-07-18
CN103196161B (zh) 2016-08-03
UA103957C2 (ru) 2013-12-10
EA201200425A1 (ru) 2013-07-30
EP2860468A4 (de) 2015-11-25
WO2013105839A3 (ru) 2015-03-12

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