EP2857791B1 - Dispositif de simulation d'incendie et procédé de simulation d'un incendie - Google Patents

Dispositif de simulation d'incendie et procédé de simulation d'un incendie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2857791B1
EP2857791B1 EP14186046.0A EP14186046A EP2857791B1 EP 2857791 B1 EP2857791 B1 EP 2857791B1 EP 14186046 A EP14186046 A EP 14186046A EP 2857791 B1 EP2857791 B1 EP 2857791B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas burner
fuel
amount
unit
combustion air
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EP14186046.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2857791A1 (fr
Inventor
Mario Venturini
Juan Jose Blond
Andreas Kanitz
Matthias Wegmann
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Basler & Hoffmann AG Ingenieure Planer und Berater
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Basler & Hoffmann AG Ingenieure Planer und Berater
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
    • F41H9/06—Apparatus for generating artificial fog or smoke screens
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0081—Training methods or equipment for fire-fighting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a real fire simulation device and a method for simulating a real fire.
  • Real fire simulation equipment and procedures are used to experimentally simulate real fires and for functional testing of smoke and heat exhaust systems of buildings as well as tunnels.
  • Tunnels The European Directives 2004/54 / EC require that, in order to ensure the safety of fires in road tunnels, smoke tests are carried out regularly, which should be as realistic as possible and give clear results should deliver. In addition, the tests must not damage the tunnels.
  • Tunnels and buildings In fires in tunnels and in buildings, flue gases are the main problem for people's chances of survival. For fire police reasons, the buildings must be designed so that flue gas can be safely diverted or the affected space can be kept smoke-free at least for a certain time below 2 meters to ensure a safe escape.
  • Smoke tests can be divided into three groups: cold smoke tests, hot smoke tests and true-to-scale fire tests.
  • True-to-scale fire tests are rarely used in buildings, as they almost always cause great damage and pollution.
  • Cold smoke tests have the disadvantage that they do not produce suitable stratification of the smoke due to the lack of buoyancy, which is why these tests can not realistically realign real fires. Therefore, hot smoke tests are usually carried out for the experimental simulation of real fires in buildings or buildings.
  • the known hot smoke method have disadvantages in that they lead to significant contamination, which must be removed after the test consuming.
  • the known methods can only produce constant heat release rates and therefore can hardly realistically adjust real fire progressions.
  • a method for checking the smoke propagation behavior of smoke is known to improve the functionality and / or effectiveness of smoke and heat exhaust systems, to test fire extinguishing and fire detection systems experimentally, as well as the smoke propagation behavior, eg for securing escape and rescue routes to document.
  • a hot gas stream is generated by burning liquefied petroleum gas, for example propane gas, in which a heat-resistant oil-based mist is introduced. Due to the thermal of the fire, the mist is pulled upwards into the flue gas layer and the propagation behavior of fire gases can be made visible. To simulate larger fires, more burners and fog generators are used.
  • the direct combustion of liquid gas such as propane gas is indeed cleaner than an oil burner, but even with these methods, no pollution can be guaranteed, as in the process of DE10233547 gas that has been emitted in large quantities does not burn completely without residues.
  • EP1829584 a method for the simulation of flue gas in fire tests with high heat release is known, in which the hot gas flow above a fire test device evaporated or evaporating oil, for example, a paraffin oil, is supplied.
  • DE102008011567 describes a device for checking smoke extraction systems in buildings or other structures.
  • the device has at least two gas burner nozzle levels for heat release, which are at different heights. There are several gas burner nozzles in each level.
  • the device is passively supplied with combustion air from the immediate environment.
  • the gas supply can be regulated in the individual gas burner nozzles.
  • To simulate the Flue gases is provided for example a thea fog generating smoke fluid generator.
  • DE102008059051 describes a device for simulating a real fire with a pore burner. Such pore burners burn air / fuel mixtures with reasonable application flame-free within a three-dimensional pore body and have relatively low pollutant emissions. Pore burners generate a high amount of radiant heat, which is not desirable in real fire simulation methods.
  • EP1334749 describes a device for fire simulation, in which the time course of real fire events is adjusted by one or more controllable and / or controllable gas burner.
  • the gas burners are operated with LPG or gaseous fuels.
  • a permeable impact surface is arranged above the burner field. The necessary combustion air can flow unimpeded laterally.
  • the EP1884262 shows a training device for firefighters. Fire fighting techniques include firing hose aiming to direct water at the fire in a compact jet. These techniques also include painting over a surface.
  • the exercise facility includes a tank of water. A fuel distributor distributes fuel below the water surface. An air distribution device distributes air below the water surface. An igniter ignites a vapor with fuel and air at the water surface. An apertured shield plate covers the tank from the water surface. The air distribution device comprises a blower. The air flow can be varied.
  • the EP1884262 shows no real fire simulation facility.
  • the WO9002393 shows a training device for firefighters.
  • a propane gas system and smoke generators generate fire and smoke in one or more chambers, to which separate piping systems are arranged.
  • firefighters must use the correct extinguishing agent. This can be monitored by the control console and associated sensors.
  • a smoke generator includes an air blower, an air heater, a prop guide, and a housing.
  • the smoke generator has a smoke fluid tank.
  • the output line is connected to lines for supplying the smoke to the chambers.
  • the injector is used to inject a fine mist with light oil into the hot air stream. This will lead smoke to the chambers.
  • the WO9002393 shows no real fire simulation facility.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a real-fire simulation device and a method for real-fire simulation, which do not have the aforementioned disadvantages.
  • the real fire simulation device according to the invention comprises a gas burner unit with a gas burner for direct process air heating for generating a hot gas flow for propagating a fog generated by a mist generator and a fuel supply for supplying a fuel for the gas burner.
  • the generated hot gas stream is preferably directed substantially vertically upward.
  • the gas burner is provided with a device for the active supply of at least one necessary for complete combustion amount of combustion air.
  • the real-fire simulation device may include, as needed, a mist generator for introducing a marker nebula into the vertical flow of hot gas.
  • a control unit is also provided which determines the amount of combustion air necessary for a complete combustion of the supplied fuel based on a measured amount of fuel supplied.
  • the gas burner unit may be provided with a fuel control valve for controlling the amount of fuel, wherein the fuel control valve is controlled by the control unit. Based on the fuel flow rate, the burner output is controlled.
  • the gas burner unit may further comprise a fuel quantity meter for measuring an amount of fuel supplied, and the control unit may be configured to control the apparatus for actively supplying combustion air, which may be configured so as to be responsive to the measured amount of fuel supplied determines a complete combustion necessary amount of combustion air, which can then be supplied to the gas burner.
  • the device controlled by the control unit preferably a combustion air blower, actively supplies at least the amount of combustion air determined by the control unit to the gas burner.
  • the necessary amount of combustion air usually corresponds to the minimum necessary stoichiometric air mass, which is necessary for complete combustion of the fuel (so-called stoichiometric combustion air ratio). However, it may also be slightly higher, i. there may be a slight excess of air.
  • the device for the active supply of combustion air resp. the combustion air blower can be controlled via a frequency converter. This allows accurate adjustment and control of the speed of the device resp. of the blower.
  • a pressure and / or volume sensor in the outlet of the device for the active supply of combustion air resp. be provided of the combustion air blower, which feeds the measured values in the control unit to check the optimal supply of combustion air and correct if necessary.
  • the control unit may be configured or controlled such that it continuously regulates based on a predetermined curve for the heat release, a so-called fire curve, the amount of fuel supplied and the amount of combustion air supplied.
  • the heat release can be infinitely variable depending on the maximum power of the gas burner, for example in a range between 2.4% and 100%. With the Realbrandsimulations adopted different, real fires can be simulated in a simple manner.
  • the control unit allows dynamic control of active resp. mechanically introduced air and the fuel to ensure at all power levels always optimal, low-emission and low-emission combustion. In addition, the temperature and the speed of the hot gas flow can be influenced.
  • the control unit can be controlled via a hand panel or via a central, programmable control unit via a computer interface (via cable or wireless). With such a digital control of the control unit, the parameters (amount of fuel, Combustion air volume, heat output, etc.) are regulated and documented.
  • the gas burner for example, have a maximum power of 1250 to 2500 kilowatts. Smaller gas burners are also conceivable.
  • the performance of the entire real fire simulation device is freely scalable, as will be explained below.
  • the gas burner may have a combustion chamber in which the fuel and the necessary amount of combustion air is supplied via separate inputs.
  • the combustion chamber can be closed down and laterally from the ambient air and have only an upward opening. An optimal, easily controllable and upwardly directed hot gas flow is generated.
  • a gas surface burner (also called channel burner) is suitable for direct fresh air heating (eg MAXON APX® gas burners, which work according to the nozzle mixing principle).
  • the combustion chamber is formed by a channel-shaped trough, in which gaseous fuel and the combustion air flow, mixed and burned. With optimum mixing of fuel and combustion air, the gas surface burner generates almost exclusively convective heat (about 95%) and thus an optimal vertical flow of hot gas for performing real fire simulations.
  • the channel-shaped tub can consist of modules of about 30 cm and have a total length of up to 300 cm.
  • the fuel supply can be a stationary installed fuel supply resp. Include supply line, which is connected via a fuel supply line to the gas burner.
  • the fuel supply may be formed as a mobile fuel supply unit, which is preferably arranged in a mobile frame.
  • the fuel supply resp. the fuel supply unit can be releasably connected to the gas burner via a detachable fuel supply line. be connected to a mobile gas burner unit, the supply line is usually solvable with simple tools by hand.
  • a pressure regulator may be provided to adjust the pressure provided for the gas burners.
  • liquid gas such as propane, butane or the like can be used.
  • the supply line has a sufficient length, so that a sufficient safety margin between fuel supply and gas burner is ensured.
  • the fuel supply is also possible via a stationary natural gas connection.
  • the fuel supply is housed as a fuel supply unit in a mobile rack and typically includes one or more gas cylinders to facilitate easy transportation, assembly and disassembly.
  • the supply line is detachable with the fuel supply and the gas burner resp. connected to the gas burner unit.
  • a pressure regulating valve may be provided in the fuel supply line to adjust the pressure provided for the gas burner unit.
  • the fuel supply unit can additionally have an evaporator. The evaporator can be used to ensure that the pressure of the gas remains constant. Due to the rapid evaporation otherwise the gas bottles would cool down very much and the pressure would collapse (bottle icing).
  • a soot and low-emission complete combustion in the gas phase can be guaranteed. no liquid fuel (eg LPG) enters the combustion chamber, which would then not be optimally miscible with combustion air and would lead to high emission of nitrogen oxides.
  • the fuel supply unit may comprise a plurality of replaceable LPG bottles, which may be e.g. are arranged on two levels in a mobile frame.
  • the gas cylinders are connected via several supply lines with a likewise arranged on the mobile frame evaporator.
  • gas cylinders for example, conventional gas cylinders with a filling weight of 5 kg, 11 kg or 33 kg can be used.
  • portable gas burner unit and fuel supply unit are that they can be used quickly at the test site.
  • the fuel is usually supplied to the pressure regulator with a pressure of 500 to 3000 mbar, which reduces the pressure to about 200 mbar.
  • Gas burners, apparatus for actively supplying combustion air and control unit can be arranged in a mobile gas burner unit, which preferably comprises a mobile frame.
  • the real fire simulation device may comprise a central programmable control unit which is connected via an interface to at least one controllable and controllable gas burner unit.
  • the gas burner of the gas burner unit need not necessarily have a device for the active supply of at least one necessary for complete combustion amount of combustion air. Other gas burners are also possible.
  • the connection of the central control unit can be made via a cable or wireless.
  • the gas burner units are preferably separate autonomous, i. independent, gas burner units, which are usually designed as mobile gas burner units.
  • the real fire simulation device has a central programmable control unit which is coupled via an interface to the control unit of one or more gas burner units. For multiple gas burner units, these may have common or separate fuel supplies.
  • the Realbrandsimulations featured Optionally have at least one mist generator, which is coupled via an interface indirectly via the gas burner unit or directly to the control unit.
  • the control unit can individually control the gas burner units and fog generators. Another advantage of the central, programmable control unit is that it can be operated via a cable or wirelessly from an optimal monitoring location.
  • the real fire simulation device may further comprise a plurality of measuring devices for determining the heat and smoke distribution, which are also coupled to the control unit.
  • the central control unit can log the measured data.
  • the central control unit and the various interfaces on the burner units, fog generators and fuel supplies are designed such that the real fire simulation device can be modularly expanded as needed to include further burner units, mist generators and fuel supplies to replicate the entire spectrum from small to very large real fires.
  • different sized gas burner units can be used.
  • the control units of the various gas burner units can be controlled via the programmable control unit of the real fire simulation device.
  • the individual gas burner units can thus be combined as a single source of fire or they can emulate several spatially and temporally spaced fire foci, such as in a fire of several vehicles in a tunnel.
  • the gas burner units may be fueled by one or more separate fuel supply (s) or fuel supply unit (s).
  • the fuel supplies can also be coupled via an interface with the central programmable control unit and controlled by this.
  • the gas burners or the gas burner units can each be configured so that they each achieve a power of, for example, 1.25 megawatts, so that with a modular design of several gas burner units maximum heat release resp. Heat output of several megawatts can be achieved.
  • the mist generator is used to supply visible mark nebulae for coloring and visualization of the gas stream produced by the gas burner and the flue gas layering.
  • the marker mist can be a heat-resistant and cleaner, ie deposit-free and pollution-free, marker fog.
  • the marker mist is introduced at a predetermined level into the hot gas stream and simulates the smoke generated in a real fire.
  • the mist outlet of the mist generator is usually adjustable in height relative to the combustion chamber of the gas burner unit. This is achieved for example via a supply pipe or by the mist generator is arranged on a mobile lift.
  • the mist generator may be provided with a mist control which, depending on the simulated fire, introduces more or less mist into the hot gas stream. In this way, fires with changing smoke development resp.
  • Smoke progression or combustion gas course are simulated.
  • the fog control can be controlled via the central programmable control unit of the real fire simulation device.
  • a gas burner device having a plurality of mist generators or a plurality of gas burner devices may also be provided with a mist generator.
  • the real fire simulation device can also be operated without mist generator.
  • the flue gas distribution can be measured by thermal sensors.
  • the real-fire simulation device may further comprise one or more sensors, e.g. can be mounted in a test room near the ceiling to measure the ceiling temperature.
  • the real fire simulation device is then set up in such a way that it automatically switches off or lowers the combustion when a maximum ceiling temperature of, for example, about 130 ° C. is exceeded.
  • the Realbrandsimulations invested can multiple placeable in the test room probe, e.g. for temperature, flow velocities, pollutant, oxygen, etc., which are coupled to document the measurement data with the programmable controller.
  • the units of the Realbrandsimulations namely gas burner unit, fuel supply and mist generator can be built in their size and weight so that they can be easily transported and quickly assembled and disassembled.
  • the fuel supply unit can be integrated into the gas burner unit.
  • the modular designed and arbitrarily scalable real fire simulation device can also be seen as a separate invention, although other gas burner units can be used with / without active combustion air supply.
  • the invention further relates to a method for simulating a real fire comprising: (i) supplying an amount of fuel to a gas burner of a gas burner unit, preferably the combustion chamber of a gas burner, for direct process air heating for generating a vertical flow of hot gas; (ii) measuring the amount of fuel supplied; (iii) determining a quantity of combustion air necessary for complete combustion of the supplied fuel from the measured amount of fuel supplied by means of a control unit; and (iv) supplying the necessary amount of combustion air into the gas burner, preferably the combustion chamber of the gas burner.
  • introducing a marker mist can be introduced into the vertical hot gas stream above the gas burner.
  • the control unit can calculate the at least necessary stoichiometric air mass which is required for a complete combustion of the fuel (so-called stoichiometric combustion air ratio) and the device for supplying combustion air such that at least the necessary quantity is guided in combustion air in the gas burner.
  • the amount of combustion air can also be slightly above the stoichiometrically necessary amount, ie there may be a slight excess of air.
  • control unit In the method for simulating a real fire, the control unit according to a predetermined curve for the heat release continuously regulate the amount of fuel supplied and the amount of combustion air supplied.
  • the control unit can control a fuel control valve to control the amount of fuel supplied.
  • the supplied amount of combustion air can with a pressure and / or volume sensor in the outlet of the device for active supply of combustion air resp. the combustion air blower are measured, wherein the measured values are fed to the control unit to check the optimal supply of combustion air and correct if necessary.
  • the fuel with an evaporator can be completely converted into the gas phase before being fed into the combustion chamber.
  • the temperature of the hot gas flow can be measured, and when the maximum temperature is exceeded, the gas burner is turned off or reduced.
  • the control unit is usually with a fuel meter for measuring the fuel supplied, a fuel control valve to control the supplied fuel, a pressure and / or volume sensor of the device for the active supply of combustion air and a frequency converter for controlling the device for active supply of combustion air coupled.
  • the real fire simulation device can be modularly extended by at least one further gas burner unit, at least one further mist generator and / or at least one fuel supply, wherein at least the gas burner units are controlled via a central, programmable control unit.
  • the one or more fog generators and / or the fuel supply (s) can also be connected to the programmable control unit and controlled by it.
  • Fig. 1 1 shows an illustration of a real fire simulation device with a mobile gas burner unit 1.
  • the gas burner unit has a gas burner 2 with a combustion chamber 3 for direct process air heating for the generation of a vertical hot gas flow (three parallel arrows above the combustion chamber 3).
  • the real-fire simulation device shown also has an optional mist generator 4 for generating marker fog.
  • a mist outlet 5 of the mist generator 4 is arranged such that the marker mist is introduced into the vertical stream of hot gas and carried upwardly through it and distributed in the test room.
  • the gas burner unit 1 is supplied with fuel via a fuel feed line 6. Between fuel supply line 6 and gas burner 2, a pressure regulator 7 is provided to adjust the pressure provided for the gas burner 2.
  • the fuel supply line 6 is detachably connected to the pressure regulator 7, so that it can be easily solved by hand with suitable tools.
  • the pressure regulator 7 is detachably connected to the gas burner 2, so that it can be easily solved by hand with suitable tools.
  • the gas burner 2 is housed in a mobile frame 8.
  • Fig. 2 shows the Realbrandsimulations worn Fig. 1 in a view from above.
  • a device for the active supply of combustion air in the manner of a combustion air blower 9 can be seen. This is laterally releasably attached to the gas burner unit 1 and blows the necessary combustion air into the combustion chamber 3 of the gas burner 2.
  • the gas burner unit 1, respectively. the pressure regulator 7 is connected via the fuel supply line 6 to a mobile fuel supply unit 10.
  • the fuel supply line 6 is detachably connected to the fuel supply unit 10, so that it can be easily solved by hand with suitable tools.
  • the length of the fuel supply line 6 is selected such that the fuel supply unit 10 can be placed in a sufficient safety distance.
  • Fig. 3 the gas burner unit 1 is shown in a side view on which additionally the control unit 11 can be seen.
  • the control unit 11 is configured to determine the amount of combustion air necessary for complete combustion depending on the amount of fuel supplied. The necessary amount of combustion air is then blown into the combustion chamber 2 via the combustion air blower 9 driven by the control unit 11.
  • Fig. 4 shows a detailed view of the fuel supply unit 10, which is also housed in a mobile frame 12.
  • the fuel supply unit has a plurality of liquid gas cylinders 13, 14 which are in this Embodiment are arranged on two levels.
  • the LPG bottles 13, 14 are connected via leads to an evaporator 15.
  • the real fire simulation device comprises at least one gas burner unit (1), at least one fuel supply (10, 16), which may be stationary (16) or mobile (10), and at least one mist generator (4) whose marker mist is above the hot gas flow (three parallel arrows). the gas burner unit is initiated.
  • Gas burner unit (s) (1) and mist generator (4) are connected via an interface to a central, programmable control unit (17). It is also possible to connect gas burner units to one another via the interface or to connect the mist generators (4) directly to the gas burner unit (1).
  • the fuel supplies may also be connected via an interface to the central control unit (17).
  • Fig. 5 (a) shows an example of a real fire simulation device with a gas burner unit (1) and a mist generator (4) which are connected to the central control unit (17).
  • the gas burner unit (1) is connected via the fuel supply line (6) to a mobile gas supply unit (10) and / or a stationary gas supply unit (16).
  • a real fire simulation device can emulate, for example, a small to medium fire source.
  • Fig. 5 (b) shows an example of a real fire simulation device with two gas burner units (1) and a mist generator (4), which can emulate a large to very large fire, for example.
  • the two gas burner units (1) can be connected in series.
  • Fig. 5 (c) shows an example of a real fire simulation device with two gas burner units (1) each with a mist generator (4) and a separate fuel supply (10, 16) are provided.
  • a real fire simulation device can be used, for example, to simulate a plurality of spatially separate sources of fire.

Claims (15)

  1. Système simulateur d'un incendie réel, comprenant :
    une unité de brûleur à gaz (1) dotée d'un brûleur à gaz (2), pour le chauffage direct de l'air de processus, afin de générer un flux de gaz chaud, destiné à propager un brouillard marqueur généré par un générateur de brouillard (4) ; et
    une alimentation en combustible (10, 16) pour alimenter un combustible pour le brûleur à gaz (2) ;
    le brûleur à gaz étant équipé d'un dispositif (9) destiné à alimenter activement au moins une quantité d'air de combustion nécessaire pour une combustion totale, une unité de régulation (11) étant prévue, laquelle détermine à l'aide d'une quantité mesurée de combustible alimentée la quantité d'air de combustion nécessaire pour une combustion totale du combustible alimenté.
  2. Système simulateur d'un incendie réel selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de régulation (11) est aménagée pour commander la quantité de combustible alimentée.
  3. Système simulateur d'un incendie réel selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de brûleur à gaz (1) comprend un compteur de la quantité de combustible, destiné à mesurer une quantité de combustible alimentée et l'unité de régulation (11) est aménagée pour commander le dispositif (9) pour l'alimentation active d'air de combustion.
  4. Système simulateur d'un incendie réel selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de régulation (11) est configurée ou commandée de sorte à régler la quantité alimentée de combustible et la quantité alimentée d'air de combustion à l'aide d'une courbe prédéfinie de la libération de chaleur.
  5. Système simulateur d'un incendie réel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'alimentation en combustible comprend une alimentation en combustible (16) installée de manière fixe et/ou une unité mobile d'alimentation en combustible (10), lesquelles sont respectivement reliées avec l'unité de brûleur à gaz (1) par l'intermédiaire d'une canalisation de combustible (6).
  6. Système simulateur d'un incendie réel selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'unité mobile d'alimentation de combustible (10) comprend une ou plusieurs bouteilles de gaz liquide (13, 14), qui par l'intermédiaire de canalisations sont reliées avec un évaporateur (15).
  7. Système simulateur d'un incendie réel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur à gaz (2), le dispositif d'alimentation active d'air de combustion (9) et l'unité de régulation (11) sont placés dans une unité mobile de brûleur à gaz (1), cette dernière comprenant de préférence un châssis d'encadrement (8).
  8. Système simulateur d'un incendie réel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une unité de commande (17) centralisée programmable, qui par l'intermédiaire d'une interface est respectivement couplée avec une ou plusieurs unités de brûleur à gaz.
  9. Système simulateur d'un incendie réel selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un générateur de brouillard (4), qui par l'intermédiaire d'une interface est couplé indirectement sur l'unité de brûleur à gaz (1) ou directement sur l'unité de commande (17) centralisée.
  10. Système simulateur d'un incendie réel selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (17) centralisée et les interfaces sont conçues de telle sorte que le système simulateur d'un incendie réel puisse être étendu de manière modulaire avec des unités de brûleurs (1), des générateurs de brouillard (4) et/ou des alimentations en combustible (10, 16) supplémentaires.
  11. Procédé de simulation d'un incendie réel, comprenant :
    - l'alimentation d'une quantité de combustible dans un brûleur à gaz (2) d'une unité de brûleur à gaz (1), destinée à chauffer directement l'air de processus, afin de générer un flux de gaz de chauffage vertical ;
    - la mesure de la quantité alimentée de combustible ;
    - la détermination d'une quantité d'air de combustion nécessaire pour une combustion totale du combustible alimenté à l'aide de la quantité mesurée de combustible alimentée, au moyen d'une unité de régulation (11) ;
    - en option, l'introduction d'un brouillard marqueur dans le flux de gaz de chauffage vertical, au-dessus du brûleur à gaz (2).
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de régulation (11) règle la quantité alimentée de combustible et la quantité alimentée d'air de combustion selon une courbe prédéterminée pour la propagation de chaleur.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que la quantité nécessaire d'air de combustion est dirigée au moyen d'un dispositif, de préférence d'une soufflante d'air de combustion (9) pour l'alimentation active d'air de combustion dans le brûleur à gaz (2), le dispositif d'alimentation active d'air de combustion étant commandé par l'unité de régulation (11).
  14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'avant l'alimentation dans les brûleurs à gaz (2), le combustible alimenté est totalement transformé dans la phase gazeuse à l'aide d'un évaporateur (15).
  15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'on étend le système simulateur d'un incendie réel de manière modulaire avec au moins une unité de brûleur à gaz (1) supplémentaire, au moins un générateur de brouillard (4) et/ou au moins une alimentation de combustible supplémentaire, au moins les unités de brûleur à gaz (1) étant commandées par l'intermédiaire d'un système de commande (17) centralisé programmable.
EP14186046.0A 2013-10-07 2014-09-23 Dispositif de simulation d'incendie et procédé de simulation d'un incendie Active EP2857791B1 (fr)

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CH01713/13A CH708664A1 (de) 2013-10-07 2013-10-07 Realbrandsimulationseinrichtung und Verfahren zur Simulation eines Realbrands.

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EP2857791B1 true EP2857791B1 (fr) 2018-07-04

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CN106128286B (zh) * 2016-09-05 2022-09-20 清华大学 一种用于地铁高架站与地下站换乘通道的火灾试验装置及方法
CN106530930A (zh) * 2016-11-29 2017-03-22 广东工业大学 工业生产线火灾模拟实验系统
CN106680416A (zh) * 2016-12-15 2017-05-17 青岛海尔股份有限公司 家电起燃模拟实验室及其模拟起燃的检测方法
CN107393403A (zh) * 2017-07-31 2017-11-24 西南交通大学 一种多用途地下空间结构火灾燃烧模拟试验装置系统
CN107990313A (zh) * 2017-12-14 2018-05-04 中国科学技术大学 一种朝向及形状可调用来模拟竖向火源的燃烧器装置
CN108766087A (zh) * 2018-05-31 2018-11-06 中南大学 隧道火灾动模型试验列车
CN111103230B (zh) * 2019-12-18 2021-09-21 西南交通大学 一种模拟真实火灾作用下隧道衬砌灾变特性测试平台
CN112546489A (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-03-26 石家庄先润贸易有限公司 一种用于楼宇内电脑机房的安全防护装置
CN115792084B (zh) * 2022-11-10 2023-08-04 中国矿业大学(北京) 模拟不同液位高度储罐灭火及复燃的装置
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EP2857791A1 (fr) 2015-04-08
HK1208066A1 (en) 2016-02-19

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