EP2853319B1 - Device for forging a hollow body from a pre-perforated hollow block - Google Patents

Device for forging a hollow body from a pre-perforated hollow block Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2853319B1
EP2853319B1 EP14183028.1A EP14183028A EP2853319B1 EP 2853319 B1 EP2853319 B1 EP 2853319B1 EP 14183028 A EP14183028 A EP 14183028A EP 2853319 B1 EP2853319 B1 EP 2853319B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
forging
mandrel
carriage
clamping head
hollow block
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EP14183028.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2853319A1 (en
Inventor
Rupert Wieser
Robert Koppensteiner
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GFM GmbH
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GFM GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B25/00—Mandrels for metal tube rolling mills, e.g. mandrels of the types used in the methods covered by group B21B17/00; Accessories or auxiliary means therefor ; Construction of, or alloys for, mandrels or plugs
    • B21B25/02—Guides, supports, or abutments for mandrels, e.g. carriages or steadiers; Adjusting devices for mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
    • B21J13/085—Accessories for handling work or tools handling of tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
    • B21J13/10—Manipulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for forging a hollow body from a pre-hollow block with radially driven to a forging axis forging tools, with a movable on a guide bed in the direction of the forging axis, collets for the hollow block having chuck and with a remote from the forging tools side arranged the clamping head, independently of this along the guide bed movable mandrel carriage, provided with a forging mandrel mandrel passes through the clamping head coaxial with the forging axis.
  • a device according to the preamble of claim 1 is made DE 102010014583 A1 known, for which the collet and the mandrel separate, to provide movable on a common guide along the machine bed carriages, of which the guide carriage for the collet via a spindle drive along the guide is driven, while the mandrel carriage with the guide carriage for the collet by another Spindle drive is connected.
  • the mandrel carriage can therefore be moved along with the guide carriage for the collet along the machine bed, but also adjusted over the spindle drive provided for this purpose with respect to the guide carriage for the collet.
  • the forging of a pre-punched hollow billet over a forging mandrel is, for economic reasons, especially for comparatively small lots used to be produced tubular workpieces.
  • the invention solves the problem set by the fact that the mandrel carriage has an axial actuator for the mandrel and tensile strength with the clamping head can be coupled.
  • the device can be used in a known manner for forging comparatively long tubular workpieces, resulting in a mandrel slide independently movable from the clamping head.
  • a mandrel slide independently movable from the clamping head.
  • the high-tensile coupling between the chuck and the mandrel carriage is an advantageous prerequisite for the forging of hollow bodies made of a material difficult to deform because the forces occurring between the chuck and the mandrel carriage can be removed directly via the clutch and do not burden the guide bed.
  • the axial movement of the forging mandrel with respect to the chucking head required for such a high-tensile coupling of the chuck head and mandrel carriage is ensured by the axial adjusting drive for the mandrel bar associated with the mandrel carriage.
  • the axial feed of the hollow body to be forged compared to the forging tools is achieved in a conventional manner via a drive of the clamping head.
  • the forging mandrel is also to rotate about its axis, wherein the executed during the idle stroke of the forging tools rotational steps in the sense of workpiece rotation on the collets or opposite can be performed.
  • the mandrel carriage need only have a corresponding rotary drive for the mandrel, which is driven accordingly.
  • the temperature load of the forging mandrel can be limited by suitable cooling measures.
  • the additional axial actuator for the mandrel bar also opens up the possibility to shift the forging mandrel axially relative to the forging tools, so that the heat input during forging-related pressing of the workpiece can be distributed to the forging mandrel over a greater length range of the forge mandrel.
  • the forging mandrel is moved in opposite directions to the forging tools.
  • a control device for controlling the axial adjusting drive and / or the rotary drive for the mandrel rod can be provided as a function of the temperature of the forging mandrel. If the forging mandrel has a minimum length corresponding to the travel range of the axial positioning drive, the result is a length which is favorable for an advantageous axial temperature distribution for the forging mandrel.
  • the illustrated apparatus for forging a hollow body from a pre-punched hollow block 1 has forging tools 2 which can be driven radially to a forging axis, to which a clamping head 3 and in mandrel slides 4 are arranged upstream.
  • the clamping head 3 and the mandrel carriage 4 are mounted displaceably on a common guide bed 5 and can be moved independently of each other via travel drives 6 and 7 along the common guide bed 5.
  • the travel drives 6, 7 may include, for example, in a rack 8 engaging drive pinion.
  • the mandrel carriage 4 is provided with a mandrel bar receptacle 9, which can be displaced axially by means of an actuator 10. As actuator 10 actuating cylinder 11 are indicated. To not only axially displace the mandrel 12 with the forging mandrel 13 with respect to the mandrel carriage 4, but also to be able to rotate in rotation steps around the mandrel axis, the correspondingly rotatably mounted mandrel rod receptacle 9 is connected to a rotary drive 14.
  • the chuck 3 is penetrated by the mandrel 12 in a guide opening 15, wherein the forging mandrel 13 projects axially beyond the chuck 3 and extends coaxially to the collets 16 of the chuck 3, with the help of the forged hollow block 1 is clamped forging.
  • the pre-hollow block can be made closed in the region of one end. However, it can be stretched in the area of its open end.
  • Fig. 1 can be removed, the clamping head 3 and the mandrel carriage 4 are held for clamping the held in a forging axis coaxial loading position, pre-hollow block 1 against the forging tools 2 out, the forging mandrel 13 is inserted into the opening of the hollow block 1 and the collets 16 the Hollow block capture, as is the Fig. 2 can be seen.
  • the tensioned in this way hollow block 1 can now in a forging position after the Fig. 3 be moved, in which the forging mandrel 13 with the aid of the mandrel carriage 4 between the forging tools 2 is advanced through the hollow block 1, as the Fig. 3 shows.
  • the mandrel carriage 4 is locked to the guide bed 5 via a locking device 17.
  • the hollow block 1 can thus be subjected via the chuck 3 for forging over the forging mandrel 13 a corresponding feed, wherein the axial feed via the drive 6, a rotary feed over the corresponding drivable collets 16 can be superimposed.
  • the axial actuating drive 10 for the mandrel bar 12 can be actuated via a control device, so that the forging mandrel 13 is displaced in the axial direction with respect to the forging tools 2.
  • This axial displacement of the forging mandrel 13 can be used to forge a hollow body set down with respect to its inner diameter when the forging mandrel 13 has correspondingly offset diameter ranges.
  • the displacement of the forging mandrel 13 relative to the forging tools 2 can also be used advantageously to reduce the temperature load of the forging mandrel 13, because the range of the transferred during the forging load through the forging tools 2 amount of heat are distributed over the mandrel length by the axial displacement of the forging mandrel 13 can.
  • Fig. 4 is the end of the forging process shown.
  • the forged from the pre-hollow block 1 hollow body 18 is released in a conventional manner by the collets 16 of the clamping head 3 to pull it from the opposite end between the forging tools 2 forging the hollow body end. It can be seen that the forging mandrel 13 via the axial actuator 10 of the mandrel carriage 4 with respect to its initial position according to the Fig. 3 was relocated accordingly.
  • Fig. 5 the position of the device for mandrel change is shown.
  • the forging mandrel 13 with the mandrel bar 12 is pulled from the side of the collets 16 forth from the mandrel rod holder 9 of the mandrel carriage 4 through the guide opening 15 of the chuck 3, the together for this purpose is displaced with the mandrel carriage 4 to the remote from the forging tools 2 end of the guide bed 5.
  • the shared in this way forging mandrel 13 can thus be changed together with the mandrel 12 and a new forging mandrel 12 are inserted with a mandrel in the reverse direction through the guide hole 15 of the clamping head 3 in the mandrel rod holder 9 of the mandrel carriage 4.
  • Fig. 6 can be removed, the clamping head 3 and the mandrel carriage 4 can be locked by a coupling device 19 tensile strength each other.
  • the locking can be done by bolts 20 which engage releasably in radial locking recesses 21, so that the clamping head 3 is mechanically connected to the mandrel carriage 4 to form a unit which receives axial forces between the collets 16 and the forging mandrel 13 without loading the guide bed 5.
  • hollow bodies can be forged, where high forming forces are required.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 For example, show the forging of a hollow body of a hard-to-form, pre-punched hollow block 1, wherein the assembly formed from the clamping head 3 and the mandrel carriage 4 is advanced against the forging tools 2 via the drive 6 of the clamping head 3.
  • the forging mandrel 13 therefore requires a length corresponding to the length of the hollow block 1 if the forging mandrel is not displaced counter to the forging advance of the hollow block via the setting drive.
  • the position is specified in which the clamping head 3 must release the hollow block 1 in order to forge the end of the hollow block 1 ready.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Schmieden eines Hohlkörpers aus einem vorgelochten Hohlblock mit radial zu einer Schmiedeachse antreibbaren Schmiedewerkzeugen, mit einem auf einem Führungsbett in Richtung der Schmiedeachse verfahrbaren, Spannzangen für den Hohlblock aufweisenden Spannkopf und mit einem auf der von den Schmiedewerkzeugen abgewandten Seite des Spannkopfs angeordneten, unabhängig von diesem entlang des Führungsbetts verfahrbaren Dornschlitten, dessen mit einem Schmiededorn versehene Dornstange den Spannkopf koaxial zur Schmiedeachse durchsetzt.The invention relates to a device for forging a hollow body from a pre-hollow block with radially driven to a forging axis forging tools, with a movable on a guide bed in the direction of the forging axis, collets for the hollow block having chuck and with a remote from the forging tools side arranged the clamping head, independently of this along the guide bed movable mandrel carriage, provided with a forging mandrel mandrel passes through the clamping head coaxial with the forging axis.

Zum Schmieden langer, rohrförmiger Hohlkörper aus einem vorgelochten Hohlblock ist es bekannt ( EP 2 218 526 B1 ), den Hohlblock im Bereich einer Stirnseite durch die Spannzangen eines Spannkopfs zu erfassen, der eine zu den Spannzangen koaxiale Durchgangsbohrung aufweist, sodass der Schmiededorn für das nachfolgende Schmieden des Hohlblocks zwischen radial zur Schmiedeachse beaufschlagbaren Schmiedewerkzeugen mit Hilfe einer Dornstange durch die Durchgangsbohrung des Spannkopfs in den Hohlblock eingeführt werden kann. Dies wird dadurch sichergestellt, dass der Spannkopf und der die Dornstange aufnehmende Dornschlitten voneinander unabhängig entlang eines gemeinsamen Führungsbetts verfahrbar sind. Da der Schmiededorn innerhalb der Durchgangsbohrung durch den Spannkopf durchgeführt wird, bedarf die gegenüber dem Schmiededorn im Durchmesser abgesetzte, mit einem Drehantrieb im Dornschlitten verbundene Dornstange eines gesonderten Lagerstücks, um sie zentrisch in der Durchgangsbohrung führen zu können. Diese bekannte Schmiedevorrichtung eignet sich für vergleichsweise lange, rohrförmige Werkstücke, nicht aber für das Schmieden von vorgelochten Hohlblöcken aus schwer umformbaren Werkstoffen, weil beim Schmieden solcher Werkstücke erhebliche Kräfte zwischen dem Spannkopf und dem Dornschlitten auftreten, die über das Führungsbett abgetragen werden müssten.For forging long, tubular hollow bodies from a pre-hollow block, it is known ( EP 2 218 526 B1 ), to grasp the hollow block in the region of an end face by the collets of a clamping head having a coaxial through the collets through hole, so that the forging mandrel for the subsequent forging of the hollow block between radially acted on forging axis forging tools using a mandrel through the through hole of the clamping head in the hollow block can be inserted. This is ensured by the fact that the clamping head and the mandrel carriage receiving the mandrel rod are movable independently of one another along a common guide bed. Since the forging mandrel is performed within the through-hole through the chuck, the opposite of the forging mandrel offset in diameter, connected to a rotary drive in the mandrel carriage mandrel requires a separate bearing piece in order to perform centrally in the through hole. This known forging device is suitable for comparatively long, tubular workpieces, but not for the forging of pre-hollow blocks made of difficult to form materials, because when forging such workpieces considerable forces between the chuck and the mandrel carriage occur that would have to be removed via the guide bed.

Um die Baulänge von Schmiedevorrichtungen zu verkürzen, bei denen der gelochte Hohlblock zwischen einem Spannkopf und einem Gegenhalter axial eingespannt wird, ist es außerdem bekannt ( DE 195 23 280 C2 ), die Dornstange im Spannkopf zu lagern und mit einem axialen Stelltrieb zu versehen, sodass die Dornstange insbesondere zum Schmieden von Hohlkörpern mit einem abgesetzten Innendurchmesser gegenüber dem Spannkopf axial verlagert werden kann. Abgesehen davon, dass die axiale Einspannung des vorgelochten Hohlblocks zwischen einem Spannkopf und einem Gegenhalter einen zusätzlichen Konstruktionsaufwand bedingt, ergeben sich auch erhebliche Einschränkungen bezüglich des Einsatzgebiets solcher Schmiedevorrichtungen.In order to shorten the length of forging, in which the perforated hollow block between a chuck and an anvil is clamped axially, it is also known ( DE 195 23 280 C2 ), To store the mandrel in the chuck and provided with an axial actuator, so that the mandrel can be moved axially in particular for the forging of hollow bodies with a remote inner diameter relative to the chuck. Apart from the fact that the axial clamping of the pre-punched hollow block between a chuck and an anvil requires additional design effort, there are also significant restrictions on the field of use of such forging.

Darüber hinaus ist eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 aus DE 102010014583 A1 bekannt, für die die Spannzange und die Dornstange gesonderte, auf einer gemeinsamen Führung entlang des Maschinenbetts verfahrbare Schlitten vorzusehen, von denen der Führungsschlitten für die Spannzange über einen Spindeltrieb entlang der Führung angetrieben wird, während der Dornschlitten mit dem Führungsschlitten für die Spannzange durch einen weiteren Spindeltrieb verbunden ist. Der Dornschlitten kann daher gemeinsam mit dem Führungsschlitten für die Spannzange entlang des Maschinenbetts bewegt, über den hierfür vorgesehenen Spindeltrieb aber auch gegenüber dem Führungsschlitten für die Spannzange verstellt werden. Abgesehen davon, dass der Spindeltrieb zwischen dem Führungsschlitten für die Spannzange und dem Dornschlitten die Konstruktion aufwendig macht und die Verstellmöglichkeit des Dornschlittens begrenzt, muss die gesamte axiale Belastung des Dornschlittens über den Spindeltrieb für den Dornschlitten auf den Führungsschlitten für die Spannzange und von diesem über dessen Spindeltrieb auf das Maschinenbett abgetragen werden.In addition, a device according to the preamble of claim 1 is made DE 102010014583 A1 known, for which the collet and the mandrel separate, to provide movable on a common guide along the machine bed carriages, of which the guide carriage for the collet via a spindle drive along the guide is driven, while the mandrel carriage with the guide carriage for the collet by another Spindle drive is connected. The mandrel carriage can therefore be moved along with the guide carriage for the collet along the machine bed, but also adjusted over the spindle drive provided for this purpose with respect to the guide carriage for the collet. Apart from the fact that the spindle drive between the guide carriage for the collet and the mandrel carriage makes the construction complex and limits the adjustment of the mandrel carriage, the entire axial load of the mandrel carriage on the spindle drive for the mandrel carriage on the guide carriage for the collet and of this on the Spindle drive be removed to the machine bed.

Das Schmieden eines vorgelochten Hohlblocks über einen Schmiededorn wird aus wirtschaftlichen Überlegungen besonders für in vergleichsweise kleinen Losen herzustellende rohrförmige Werkstücke eingesetzt. Dies bedeutet im Allgemeinen, dass die Schmiedevorrichtung einfach umrüstbar sein soll, um sie an die unterschiedlichen Werkstückvorgaben anpassen zu können. Es besteht in diesem Zusammenhang demnach die Forderung eine Vorrichtung zum Schmieden von Hohlkörpern so auszugestalten, dass ein einfaches Umrüsten gewährleistet werden kann, ohne eine Einschränkung des Einsatzgebiets beispielsweise auf das Schmieden vergleichsweise langer rohrförmiger Hohlkörper oder auf das Schmieden von Hohlkörpern aus einem schwer umformbaren Werkstoff in Kauf nehmen zu müssen.The forging of a pre-punched hollow billet over a forging mandrel is, for economic reasons, especially for comparatively small lots used to be produced tubular workpieces. This generally means that the forging device should be easily convertible in order to adapt to the different workpiece specifications can. In this context, there is the requirement to design a device for forging hollow bodies in such a way that simple retooling can be ensured without restricting the field of application, for example to forging comparatively long tubular hollow bodies or forging hollow bodies from a material which is difficult to deform To have to buy.

Ausgehend von einer Vorrichtung der eingangs geschilderten Art löst die Erfindung die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch, dass der Dornschlitten einen axialen Stelltrieb für die Dornstange aufweist und zugfest mit dem Spannkopf kuppelbar ist.Starting from a device of the type described, the invention solves the problem set by the fact that the mandrel carriage has an axial actuator for the mandrel and tensile strength with the clamping head can be coupled.

Zufolge dieser Maßnahmen kann die Vorrichtung in bekannter Weise zum Schmieden vergleichsweise langer rohrförmiger Werkstücke eingesetzt werden, was einen vom Spannkopf unabhängig verfahrbaren Dornschlitten bedingt. Gegenüber bekannten Schmiedevorrichtungen dieser Art ergibt sich durch den axialen Stelltrieb für die Dornstange im Dornschlitten der zusätzliche Vorteil, dass der Schmiededorn auch bei einem gegenüber dem Führungsbett verriegelten Dornschlitten axial verlagert werden kann. Die zugfeste Kupplung zwischen dem Spannkopf und dem Dornschlitten stellt eine vorteilhafte Voraussetzung für das Schmieden von Hohlkörpern aus einem schwer umformbaren Werkstoff dar, weil die zwischen dem Spannkopf und dem Dornschlitten auftretenden Kräfte über die Kupplung unmittelbar abgetragen werden können und nicht das Führungsbett belasten. Die bei einer solchen zugfesten Kupplung von Spannkopf und Dornschlitten erforderliche Axialbewegung des Schmiededorns gegenüber dem Spannkopf wird durch den dem Dornschlitten zugeordneten axialen Stelltrieb für die Dornstange sichergestellt. Der axiale Vorschub des zu schmiedenden Hohlkörpers gegenüber den Schmiedewerkzeugen wird in üblicher Weise über einen Antrieb des Spannkopfs erreicht.According to these measures, the device can be used in a known manner for forging comparatively long tubular workpieces, resulting in a mandrel slide independently movable from the clamping head. Compared with known forging devices of this type results from the axial actuator for the mandrel bar in the mandrel carriage the additional advantage that the forging mandrel can be axially displaced even when locked against the guide bed mandrel carriage. The high-tensile coupling between the chuck and the mandrel carriage is an advantageous prerequisite for the forging of hollow bodies made of a material difficult to deform because the forces occurring between the chuck and the mandrel carriage can be removed directly via the clutch and do not burden the guide bed. The axial movement of the forging mandrel with respect to the chucking head required for such a high-tensile coupling of the chuck head and mandrel carriage is ensured by the axial adjusting drive for the mandrel bar associated with the mandrel carriage. The axial feed of the hollow body to be forged compared to the forging tools is achieved in a conventional manner via a drive of the clamping head.

Um unterschiedlichen Schmiedeanforderungen gerecht zu werden, ist der Schmiededorn zusätzlich um seine Achse zu drehen, wobei die während des Leerhubs der Schmiedewerkzeuge ausgeführten Drehschritte im Sinne der Werkstückdrehung über die Spannzangen oder entgegengesetzt dazu durchgeführt werden können. Zu diesem Zweck braucht der Dornschlitten lediglich einen entsprechenden Drehantrieb für die Dornstange aufzuweisen, der entsprechend angesteuert wird.In order to meet different forging requirements, the forging mandrel is also to rotate about its axis, wherein the executed during the idle stroke of the forging tools rotational steps in the sense of workpiece rotation on the collets or opposite can be performed. For this purpose, the mandrel carriage need only have a corresponding rotary drive for the mandrel, which is driven accordingly.

Die Temperaturbelastung des Schmiededorns kann durch geeignete Kühlmaßnahmen beschränkt werden. Der zusätzliche axiale Stelltrieb für die Dornstange eröffnet darüber hinaus die Möglichkeit, dem Schmiededorn gegenüber den Schmiedewerkzeugen axial zu verlagern, sodass der Wärmeeintrag beim schmiedebedingten Anpressen des Werkstücks an den Schmiededorn über einen größeren Längenbereich des Schmiededorns verteilt werden kann. Gleiches gilt, wenn der Schmiededorn gegenüber den Schmiedewerkzeugen in Drehschritten verlagert wird. Um diesbezüglich vorteilhafte Arbeitsbedingungen einhalten zu können, kann eine Steuereinrichtung zur Ansteuerung des axialen Stelltriebs und/oder des Drehantriebs für die Dornstange in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur des Schmiededorns vorgesehen sein. Weist der Schmiededorn eine Mindestlänge entsprechend dem Stellweg des axialen Stelltriebs auf, so ergibt sich eine für eine vorteilhafte axiale Temperaturverteilung günstige Länge für den Schmiededorn.The temperature load of the forging mandrel can be limited by suitable cooling measures. The additional axial actuator for the mandrel bar also opens up the possibility to shift the forging mandrel axially relative to the forging tools, so that the heat input during forging-related pressing of the workpiece can be distributed to the forging mandrel over a greater length range of the forge mandrel. The same applies if the forging mandrel is moved in opposite directions to the forging tools. In order to be able to comply with advantageous working conditions in this regard, a control device for controlling the axial adjusting drive and / or the rotary drive for the mandrel rod can be provided as a function of the temperature of the forging mandrel. If the forging mandrel has a minimum length corresponding to the travel range of the axial positioning drive, the result is a length which is favorable for an advantageous axial temperature distribution for the forging mandrel.

In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand beispielsweise dargestellt. Es zeigen die

Fig. 1
bis 4 eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Schmieden eines Hohlkörpers in verschiedenen Arbeitsstellungen in einem vereinfachten, rein schematischen Längsschnitt,
Fig. 5
die Stellung der Vorrichtung zum Auswechseln einer Dornstange,
Fig. 6
den Spannkopf und den Dornschlitten in der Kupplungsstellung in einem größeren Maßstab und die
Fig. 7
und 8 zwei unterschiedliche Arbeitsstellungen für den mit dem Dornschlitten gekuppelten Spannkopf.
In the drawing, the subject invention is shown, for example. It show the
Fig. 1
to 4 a device according to the invention for forging a hollow body in different working positions in a simplified, purely schematic longitudinal section,
Fig. 5
the position of the device for exchanging a mandrel bar,
Fig. 6
the chuck and the mandrel carriage in the coupling position on a larger scale and the
Fig. 7
and 8 two different working positions for the clamping head coupled to the mandrel carriage.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung zum Schmieden eines Hohlkörpers aus einem vorgelochten Hohlblock 1 weist radial zu einer Schmiedeachse antreibbare Schmiedewerkzeuge 2 auf, denen ein Spannkopf 3 sowie in Dornschlitten 4 vorgeordnet sind. Der Spannkopf 3 und der Dornschlitten 4 sind auf einem gemeinsamen Führungsbett 5 verschiebbar gelagert und können über Fahrantriebe 6 und 7 voneinander unabhängig entlang des gemeinsamen Führungsbetts 5 verfahren werden. Die Fahrantriebe 6, 7 können beispielsweise in eine Zahnstange 8 eingreifende Antriebsritzel umfassen.The illustrated apparatus for forging a hollow body from a pre-punched hollow block 1 has forging tools 2 which can be driven radially to a forging axis, to which a clamping head 3 and in mandrel slides 4 are arranged upstream. The clamping head 3 and the mandrel carriage 4 are mounted displaceably on a common guide bed 5 and can be moved independently of each other via travel drives 6 and 7 along the common guide bed 5. The travel drives 6, 7 may include, for example, in a rack 8 engaging drive pinion.

Der Dornschlitten 4 ist mit einer Dornstangenaufnahme 9 versehen, die mit Hilfe eines Stelltriebs 10 axial verlagert werden kann. Als Stelltrieb 10 sind Stellzylinder 11 angedeutet. Um die Dornstange 12 mit dem Schmiededorn 13 nicht nur gegenüber dem Dornschlitten 4 axial verschieben, sondern zusätzlich um die Dornachse in Drehschritten drehen zu können, ist die entsprechend drehbar gelagerte Dornstangenaufnahme 9 an einen Drehantrieb 14 angeschlossen.The mandrel carriage 4 is provided with a mandrel bar receptacle 9, which can be displaced axially by means of an actuator 10. As actuator 10 actuating cylinder 11 are indicated. To not only axially displace the mandrel 12 with the forging mandrel 13 with respect to the mandrel carriage 4, but also to be able to rotate in rotation steps around the mandrel axis, the correspondingly rotatably mounted mandrel rod receptacle 9 is connected to a rotary drive 14.

Der Spannkopf 3 wird von der Dornstange 12 in einer Führungsöffnung 15 durchsetzt, wobei der Schmiededorn 13 über den Spannkopf 3 axial vorsteht und koaxial zu den Spannzangen 16 des Spannkopfs 3 verläuft, mit deren Hilfe der zu schmiedende Hohlblock 1 schmiedegerecht gespannt wird. Der vorgelochte Hohlblock kann im Bereich eines Endes geschlossen ausgeführt sein. Al-lerdings ist er im Bereich seines offenen Endes zu spannen.The chuck 3 is penetrated by the mandrel 12 in a guide opening 15, wherein the forging mandrel 13 projects axially beyond the chuck 3 and extends coaxially to the collets 16 of the chuck 3, with the help of the forged hollow block 1 is clamped forging. The pre-hollow block can be made closed in the region of one end. However, it can be stretched in the area of its open end.

Wie der Fig. 1 entnommen werden kann, werden der Spannkopf 3 und der Dornschlitten 4 zum Spannen des in einer zur Schmiedeachse koaxialen Ladestellung gehaltenen, vorgelochten Hohlblocks 1 gegen die Schmiedewerkzeuge 2 hin verfahren, wobei der Schmiededorn 13 in die Öffnung des Hohlblocks 1 eingeschoben wird und die Spannzangen 16 den Hohlblock erfassen, wie dies der Fig. 2 zu entnehmen ist. Der in dieser Weise gespannte Hohlblock 1 kann nunmehr in eine Schmiedestellung nach der Fig. 3 verfahren werden, in der der Schmiededorn 13 mit Hilfe des Dornschlittens 4 zwischen die Schmiedewerkzeuge 2 durch den Hohlblock 1 hindurch vorgeschoben wird, wie dies die Fig. 3 zeigt. In dieser Verschiebestellung wird der Dornschlitten 4 mit dem Führungsbett 5 über eine Verriegelungseinrichtung 17 verriegelt. Der Hohlblock 1 kann somit über den Spannkopf 3 zum Abschmieden über den Schmiededorn 13 einem entsprechenden Vorschub unterworfen werden, wobei dem axialen Vorschub über den Fahrantrieb 6 ein Drehvorschub über die entsprechend antreibbaren Spannzangen 16 überlagert werden kann. Während des Schmiedevorgangs kann der axiale Stelltrieb 10 für die Dornstange 12 über eine Steuereinrichtung betätigt werden, sodass sich der Schmiededorn 13 gegenüber den Schmiedewerkzeugen 2 in axialer Richtung verlagert. Diese axiale Verlagerung des Schmiededorns 13 kann dazu genützt werden, einen hinsichtlich seines Innendurchmessers abgesetzten Hohlkörper zu schmieden, wenn der Schmiededorn 13 entsprechend abgesetzte Durchmesserbereiche aufweist. Die Verschiebung des Schmiededorns 13 gegenüber den Schmiedewerkzeugen 2 kann aber auch vorteilhaft dazu genützt werden, die Temperaturbelastung des Schmiededorns 13 zu verringern, weil durch das axiale Verlagern des Schmiededorns 13 der Bereich der bei der Schmiedebelastung durch die Schmiedewerkzeuge 2 übertragenen Wärmemenge über die Dornlänge verteilt werden kann. Vorteilhafte Konstruktionsverhältnisse ergeben sich in diesem Zusammenhang, wenn die Dornlänge zumindest dem Stellweg des axialen Stelltriebs 10 entspricht.Again Fig. 1 can be removed, the clamping head 3 and the mandrel carriage 4 are held for clamping the held in a forging axis coaxial loading position, pre-hollow block 1 against the forging tools 2 out, the forging mandrel 13 is inserted into the opening of the hollow block 1 and the collets 16 the Hollow block capture, as is the Fig. 2 can be seen. The tensioned in this way hollow block 1 can now in a forging position after the Fig. 3 be moved, in which the forging mandrel 13 with the aid of the mandrel carriage 4 between the forging tools 2 is advanced through the hollow block 1, as the Fig. 3 shows. In this displacement position, the mandrel carriage 4 is locked to the guide bed 5 via a locking device 17. The hollow block 1 can thus be subjected via the chuck 3 for forging over the forging mandrel 13 a corresponding feed, wherein the axial feed via the drive 6, a rotary feed over the corresponding drivable collets 16 can be superimposed. During the forging process, the axial actuating drive 10 for the mandrel bar 12 can be actuated via a control device, so that the forging mandrel 13 is displaced in the axial direction with respect to the forging tools 2. This axial displacement of the forging mandrel 13 can be used to forge a hollow body set down with respect to its inner diameter when the forging mandrel 13 has correspondingly offset diameter ranges. The displacement of the forging mandrel 13 relative to the forging tools 2 can also be used advantageously to reduce the temperature load of the forging mandrel 13, because the range of the transferred during the forging load through the forging tools 2 amount of heat are distributed over the mandrel length by the axial displacement of the forging mandrel 13 can. Advantageous design conditions arise in this context when the mandrel length corresponds at least to the travel of the axial actuator 10.

In der Fig. 4 ist das Ende des Schmiedevorgangs dargestellt. Der aus dem vorgelochten Hohlblock 1 geschmiedete Hohlkörper 18 wird in üblicher Weise von den Spannzangen 16 des Spannkopfs 3 freigegeben, um ihn vom gegenüberliegenden Ende her zwischen den Schmiedewerkzeugen 2 zum Schmieden des Hohlkörperendes hindurchzuziehen. Man erkennt, dass der Schmiededorn 13 über den axialen Stelltrieb 10 des Dornschlittens 4 gegenüber seiner Ausgangslage gemäß der Fig. 3 entsprechend verlagert wurde.In the Fig. 4 is the end of the forging process shown. The forged from the pre-hollow block 1 hollow body 18 is released in a conventional manner by the collets 16 of the clamping head 3 to pull it from the opposite end between the forging tools 2 forging the hollow body end. It can be seen that the forging mandrel 13 via the axial actuator 10 of the mandrel carriage 4 with respect to its initial position according to the Fig. 3 was relocated accordingly.

In der Fig. 5 ist die Stellung der Vorrichtung zum Dornwechsel dargestellt. Der Schmiededorn 13 mit der Dornstange 12 wird von der Seite der Spannzangen 16 her aus der Dornstangenaufnahme 9 des Dornschlittens 4 durch die Führungsöffnung 15 aus dem Spannkopf 3 ausgezogen, der zu diesem Zweck zusammen mit dem Dornschlitten 4 an das von den Schmiedewerkzeugen 2 abgekehrte Ende des Führungsbetts 5 verlagert wird. Der in dieser Art freigegebene Schmiededorn 13 kann somit zusammen mit der Dornstange 12 gewechselt und ein neuer Schmiededorn mit einer Dornstange 12 in umgekehrter Richtung durch die Führungsöffnung 15 des Spannkopfs 3 in die Dornstangenaufnahme 9 des Dornschlittens 4 eingeführt werden.In the Fig. 5 the position of the device for mandrel change is shown. The forging mandrel 13 with the mandrel bar 12 is pulled from the side of the collets 16 forth from the mandrel rod holder 9 of the mandrel carriage 4 through the guide opening 15 of the chuck 3, the together for this purpose is displaced with the mandrel carriage 4 to the remote from the forging tools 2 end of the guide bed 5. The shared in this way forging mandrel 13 can thus be changed together with the mandrel 12 and a new forging mandrel 12 are inserted with a mandrel in the reverse direction through the guide hole 15 of the clamping head 3 in the mandrel rod holder 9 of the mandrel carriage 4.

Wie der Fig. 6 entnommen werden kann, können der Spannkopf 3 und der Dornschlitten 4 über eine Kupplungseinrichtung 19 zugfest miteinander verriegelt werden. Die Verriegelung kann durch Riegel 20 erfolgen, die in radiale Riegelausnehmungen 21 lösbar eingreifen, sodass der Spannkopf 3 mit dem Dornschlitten 4 mechanisch zu einer Baueinheit verbunden wird, die zwischen den Spannzangen 16 und dem Schmiededorn 13 auftretende Axialkräfte ohne Belastung des Führungsbetts 5 aufnimmt. In der Kupplungsstellung gemäß der Fig. 6 können Hohlkörper geschmiedet werden, bei denen hohe Umformkräfte erforderlich sind. Die Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen beispielsweise das Schmieden eines Hohlkörpers aus einem schwer umformbaren, vorgelochten Hohlblock 1, wobei die aus dem Spannkopf 3 und dem Dornschlitten 4 gebildete Baueinheit gegen die Schmiedewerkzeuge 2 über den Fahrantrieb 6 des Spannkopfs 3 vorgeschoben wird. Der Schmiededorn 13 benötigt daher eine der Länge des Hohlblocks 1 entsprechende Länge, wenn der Schmiededorn nicht über den Stelltrieb entgegengesetzt zum Schmiedevorschub des Hohlblocks verlagert wird. Bei kurzen Hohlblöcken 1 kann es unter Umständen vorteilhaft sein, den Schmiededorn 13 zusätzlich in Vorschubrichtung des Spannkopfs 3 zu verlagern, was allerdings eine Verlängerung des Schmiededorns 13 bedingt. In der Fig. 8 ist die Stellung angegeben, in der der Spannkopf 3 den Hohlblock 1 freigeben muss, um das Ende des Hohlblocks 1 fertig schmieden zu können.Again Fig. 6 can be removed, the clamping head 3 and the mandrel carriage 4 can be locked by a coupling device 19 tensile strength each other. The locking can be done by bolts 20 which engage releasably in radial locking recesses 21, so that the clamping head 3 is mechanically connected to the mandrel carriage 4 to form a unit which receives axial forces between the collets 16 and the forging mandrel 13 without loading the guide bed 5. In the coupling position according to the Fig. 6 hollow bodies can be forged, where high forming forces are required. The FIGS. 7 and 8 For example, show the forging of a hollow body of a hard-to-form, pre-punched hollow block 1, wherein the assembly formed from the clamping head 3 and the mandrel carriage 4 is advanced against the forging tools 2 via the drive 6 of the clamping head 3. The forging mandrel 13 therefore requires a length corresponding to the length of the hollow block 1 if the forging mandrel is not displaced counter to the forging advance of the hollow block via the setting drive. In the case of short hollow blocks 1, under some circumstances it may be advantageous to displace the forging mandrel 13 additionally in the feed direction of the clamping head 3, which, however, necessitates an extension of the forging mandrel 13. In the Fig. 8 the position is specified in which the clamping head 3 must release the hollow block 1 in order to forge the end of the hollow block 1 ready.

Claims (4)

  1. Apparatus for forging a hollow body (18) from a pre-perforated hollow block (1), comprising forging tools (2) which can be driven radially with respect to a forging axis, a clamping head (3) which is displaceable on a guide bed (5) in the direction of the forging axis and comprises collet chucks (16) for the hollow block (1), and a mandrel carriage (4) which is arranged on the side of the clamping head (3) facing away from the forging tools (2), is displaceable independently of said clamping head along the guide bed (5) and whose mandrel bar (12) provided with a forging mandrel (13) penetrates the clamping head (3) coaxially with respect to the forging axis, characterised in that the mandrel carriage (4) comprises an axial actuating drive (10) for the mandrel bar (12) and can be coupled to the clamping head (3) in a manner ensuring tensile strength.
  2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the mandrel carriage (4) comprises a rotary drive (14) for the mandrel bar (12).
  3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a control device is provided for activating the axial actuating drive (10) and/or the rotary drive (14) for the mandrel bar (12) in dependence upon the temperature of the forging mandrel (13).
  4. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the forging mandrel (13) has a minimum length corresponding to the actuating distance of the axial actuating drive (10).
EP14183028.1A 2013-09-25 2014-09-01 Device for forging a hollow body from a pre-perforated hollow block Active EP2853319B1 (en)

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ATA50617/2013A AT514894B1 (en) 2013-09-25 2013-09-25 Apparatus for forging a hollow body from a pre-punched hollow block

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EP2853319B1 true EP2853319B1 (en) 2017-02-22

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CN107008841A (en) * 2017-06-05 2017-08-04 威海多晶钨钼科技有限公司 A kind of manufacture device of the T-shaped parts of molybdenum and its alloy
CN111715831A (en) * 2020-06-05 2020-09-29 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 Core rod die-sticking-free device and method in core rod-containing rotary forging process
CN114833296B (en) * 2022-05-25 2023-07-25 江苏明越精密高温合金有限公司 Blank making equipment for tube blank

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EP0492211A1 (en) 1990-12-22 1992-07-01 Walter Späth Method for bending hollow metal profiles and apparatus for carrying out this process
EP2218526A1 (en) 2009-02-11 2010-08-18 SMS Meer GmbH Method and device for producing tubular workpieces from a pre-perforated hollow block
DE102010014583A1 (en) 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Felss Gmbh Establishment of a rotary swaging machine with a workpiece holder and a mandrel bar holder

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DE553623C (en) * 1930-05-21 1933-11-06 Leopold Tschulenk Pilgrim tube rolling mill
AT305734B (en) * 1971-05-06 1973-03-12 Gfm Gesselschaft Fuer Fertigun Forging machine for internal profiling of tubular workpieces
AT322329B (en) * 1973-12-04 1975-05-12 Gfm Fertigungstechnik FORGING MACHINES FOR PRODUCING IN PARTICULAR SCRAP BARRELS
DE2636636B2 (en) * 1976-08-13 1978-07-13 Fritz Werner Industrie-Ausruestungen Gmbh, 6222 Geisenheim Process and rotary swaging machine for internal profiling of tubular workpieces with one-sided cross-section expansion of the internal profile
DE19523280C2 (en) 1995-06-27 2002-12-05 Gfm Gmbh Steyr Forging machine for internal profiling of tubular workpieces
AT501152B8 (en) * 2003-12-30 2007-02-15 Gfm Beteiligungs & Man Gmbh METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A CYLINDRICAL HOLLOW BODY FROM A BOARD
RO127383A2 (en) * 2010-09-03 2012-05-30 Mb Telecom Ltd S.R.L. Method and system for manufacturing hollow and profiled bodies

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0492211A1 (en) 1990-12-22 1992-07-01 Walter Späth Method for bending hollow metal profiles and apparatus for carrying out this process
EP2218526A1 (en) 2009-02-11 2010-08-18 SMS Meer GmbH Method and device for producing tubular workpieces from a pre-perforated hollow block
DE102010014583A1 (en) 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Felss Gmbh Establishment of a rotary swaging machine with a workpiece holder and a mandrel bar holder

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US20150082846A1 (en) 2015-03-26
US9862012B2 (en) 2018-01-09
AT514894A1 (en) 2015-04-15
AT514894B1 (en) 2016-04-15
EP2853319A1 (en) 2015-04-01

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