Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
  • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
  • B42D25/355—Security threads
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
  • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
  • B42D25/369—Magnetised or magnetisable materials
• • B42D2035/08—
• • B42D2035/34—
• • B42D2035/44—

Definitions

• the present invention relates to security elements, especially those intended to be introduced in secure documents.
• “Secure document” means a means of payment, such as a bank note, a check or a restaurant ticket, an identity document, such as an identity card, a visa, a passport or a passport. driver's license, a lottery ticket, a ticket or a ticket to cultural or sporting events.
• EP 2 121 320 B1 discloses a security element comprising a succession of lines whose thickness varies locally so as to reveal a pattern in transmitted light.
• US 2009/0020999 A1 discloses a security document comprising microimpressions arranged in a pattern and an image formed within the pattern by local pattern changes.
• the pattern is formed by parallel lines of microtext and the local changes are curvatures of the lines of the microtext to reveal characters of larger dimensions.
• US 2009 008923 discloses a security element having a pattern that can be characters and a micro lens array covering the pattern.
• EP 0 659 587 B1 relates to a security element in wire form having patterns of two different sizes, one of the patterns being easily discernible to the naked eye while the other pattern is more difficult to discern.
• WO 2007/020370 discloses a security element comprising first characters themselves formed of second characters of smaller dimensions. In an exemplary embodiment, the sizes of the first and second characters vary so that the size of the first characters reaches that of the second. In one example, patterns such as the number "20" are repeated with, in places, an absence of the number "20". There is no question in this document of a variation of the inter-lettering, that is to say of the spacing between the letters or digits of the same word or number.
• WO 2007/141459 discloses a security element comprising a set of elementary characters arranged with a variation of shape and / or density and / or size so as to reveal at least one discernable pattern, for example alphanumeric.
• US 2009/0315319 discloses a security document comprising a microtext formed by printing, with a size sufficiently small to interfere with reproduction by photocopying.
• Microcharacters can be arranged to define larger characters. Microcharacters of different sizes, orientations, fonts or weights (that is, some in bold, others not) can be used.
• US 2003/0106943 A1 discloses a security document having text printed with a gray level gradient.
• the object of the invention is, according to one of its aspects, a security element comprising a support and on it a text, in particular a microtext or nanotext, at least one characteristic of the text varying in at least one direction.
• This characteristic can be the letter spacing, the font of the characters, the fat of the characters or the line spacing.
• the size of the characters is defined as the height of the "eye" of the character, and excludes the jamb and the stem.
• the font size differs by less than 30%, that is, the largest size is at most 30% greater than the smallest size. Preferably, the largest size is at most greater than 20%> at the smallest size, even better at more than 10%.
• the character size can be the same for all characters. For example, one can start from characters having the same size on the Microsoft Word ® software, for example size 12, and the size of the characters present on the security element corresponds, to a factor of scale, to that of an impression of the Word ® document with these characters of the same size.
• the text comprises a succession of terms without spaces formed between them, forming a sentence in which the spacing varies, at least partially, especially in a linear manner, so as to produce an optical density variation producing a gradient effect.
• the spacing may vary between characters within the same term.
• the absence of one or more of these terms does not create a variation of the inter-lettering between the characters within these terms.
• the term "term” is understood to mean a succession of characters, in particular alphanumeric characters, forming for example a recognizable or identifiable word, having for example a definition in a given language, an appellation, a denomination, a banknote cut, a currency, the name of a country, a proper name, an acronym, ...
• the successive terms, identical or not, may or may not be separated by a space along said direction.
• the font may be different. Similarly, the font may be different within the same term.
• the invention makes it more difficult to reproduce the security element.
• new visual effects related to the variation above can be obtained.
• the variation of at least one of the letter-spacing, the font of the characters, the fat of the characters and the line spacing makes it possible to create a gradient, a multiton effect and / or a code visible to the naked eye.
• the variation may especially create several degrees of optical density in said direction.
• the advantage of creating these degrees is to allow optical recognition in greyscale, which can facilitate the coding of information.
• the security element comprises a support and, on the latter, a text, in particular a microtext or a nanotext, at least one characteristic of the text varying in said at least one direction so as to create in said direction at least two, preferably three areas, still more preferably at least four or more preferably at least five areas, appearing with hindsight as having different degrees of respective optical density, preferably degraded.
• degraded it is to be understood that the optical density levels corresponding to the different zones vary monotonically in said direction, for example from at least dense to at least dense or vice versa.
• Each zone can have between 1 and 200 characters.
• the characteristic of the text that varies can be the letter spacing, the font of the characters, the fat of the characters or the line spacing, as indicated above.
• the different levels of optical density can encode reference information that is otherwise found on the document.
• the text is arranged to generate 2 n gray levels with n> 2, better n> 2, distinct and recognizable by machine.
• the security element has a plurality of zones each having a gray level selected from the 2 n levels; the arrangement of these areas within the security element encodes information and this information, after decoding, can be compared with the reference information.
• the code read is 2 s , 2 k , 2 1 and 2 m , with j, k, 1 and m integers between 0 and n.
• the reference code is 2 s , 2 k , 2 1 and 2 m .
• Each of the optical density levels corresponds to a clean fat value at that level, for example.
• the security element comprises a support carrying a text, in particular a microtext or a nanotext, at least one characteristic of the text varying in said at least one direction so as to create in said direction at least two zones, more preferably at least three or more zones, each formed of at least two identical lines of characters extending in said direction, the characters being different from one zone to another, said zones appearing in hindsight as having different optical density levels.
• the different levels of optical density obtained using a variation in the fat of the characters, the font, the lettering or the line spacing may advantageously form a pattern or a part of a recognizable pattern, for example a portrait, a flag, a symbol, a figure, a drawing.
• This pattern may also be similar or identical to another pattern carried by the security document outside the security element.
• this pattern can be viewed on another security element.
• the pattern carried by the security element according to the invention can also be printed on the security document and / or visible in light transmitted via a watermark.
• the pattern is formed of lines of characters, notably substantially parallel, forming local modifications of optical density which give a multi-tone appearance to the pattern and can reproduce a 3-dimensional effect of the pattern, which makes it even easier to authentication of the document.
• the invention makes it possible to obtain, if desired, a security at three levels: 1 / security level 1: at a certain distance the observer authenticates / identifies the document by observing a macroscopic effect related to the variation of optical density and which can be easily recognized, for example a degrading or printing effect of volume, bumps and hollows, bar code or other; 21 security level 2: the observer, by means of a small magnifying device of the magnifying glass type, can authenticate / identify the document by observing the variation of grease, font of the characters, of spacing and / or of spacing, which is at the base of the optical density variation;
• 3 / security level 3 the sequence of the words or characters and / or fonts of the characters forms a code, for example a barcode, which can be read by a machine, for example using an optical sensor; if necessary, the characters are magnetic and a magnetic code is read by a machine.
• the variation of the fat of the characters and / or the font of the characters and / or the line spacing and / or the spacing can be done periodically in said at least one direction.
• the repetition period is for example between 0.5 mm and 15 mm.
• the spacing may vary in the said direction, and in particular only the spacing may vary.
• the grease may vary in said direction, and in particular only the grease may vary.
• the line spacing may vary in the said direction, and in particular only the line spacing may vary.
• the font of the characters may vary in the said direction, and in particular only the font may vary. The variation of the font of the characters can be made with font of constant size.
• the security element may comprise several lines of text parallel to each other, in particular rectilinear, wavy or broken lines. Said lines may extend transversely to a longitudinal direction of the element or, alternatively, said lines extend parallel to a longitudinal direction of the element.
• the lines of text are not parallel to the longitudinal direction of the security element; they are for example perpendicular to this longitudinal direction.
• the variation can take place over more than half of the width of the safety element, measured perpendicular to the direction in which the variation takes place; preferably, said variation takes place over more than 80%, 90% or 95% of said width.
• the variation can take place, especially in the same way, over the entire width of the element.
• the text has several lines of text parallel and within each line, for the same axial position along the element, the variation is the same within each line.
• the value of the interleaving or fat characters is the same.
• the variation can be done on a line, which can be single and / or rectilinear.
• the variation may define a machine-readable code, as mentioned above.
• the variation may not reveal a recognizable character for the observer; for example, the variation brings up a gradient that contains information in greyscale that can not be apprehended by the observer and which can only be read by machine.
• the variation in particular of fat of the characters, of spacing or line spacing, or of optical density, can be carried out with at least three different levels.
• the variation of a level at a consecutive level may be perceptible to the naked eye or not; in the latter case, a difference can appear only between two levels separated by at least one intermediate level.
• the number of levels can be between 3 and 256, or even more.
• the variation of fat is distributed on enough levels not to be perceptible to the naked eye from one level to another.
• this difference is noticeable to the naked eye. It may be interesting that the difference is noticeable to the eye with optical magnification, in order to constitute a level 2 security.
• the text may comprise at least two characters of a line which follow each other in the said direction and which have the same lettering or grease value, while the lettering or the fat varies on the same line.
• the security element may have one or more lines with the same succession of repetitive letters or signs, with variation, in particular from one succession to another, between these letters or signs, by example of interlace, fat or line spacing; this makes it possible to easily generate a variation of optical density in the longitudinal direction, since it is possible to play for example on the interlace, the line spacing, the font or the fat of the characters, all things being equal, to generate the variation optical density and thus create a gradient or machine-readable code.
• the set of characters can define several levels of optical density encoding information, including information that is otherwise found on a document that incorporates the security element, the set of characters preferably defining 2 n gray levels, with n> 2, better n> 2.
• the security element can thus have optical density levels forming a machine-readable code, in particular a barcode, this code being preferably formed of font, grease, or inter-lettering or spacing variations, which preferably extend on substantially the whole width of the text, better of the element.
• the security element may have variations concerning the same terms, repeated on identical lines, in particular corrugated lines. These variations can be variations of fat, creating gradients.
• the period of the undulations can be the same as those of the variations, in particular of grease. This can result in a particularly aesthetic effect.
• the characters of the text are preferably readable with the naked eye, in visible light, for example daylight, or invisible, especially UV or IR, in the presence of at least one luminescent compound, for example fluorescent or phosphorescent.
• Text characters can be less than 10 mm in height.
• the height includes the pole and the jamb.
• the text is preferably a microtext or nanotext.
• the height of the microtexts is preferably between 0.1 and 0.25 mm and the height of the nanotexts is preferably less than 20 microns.
• the text can be formed by metallization, demetallization, heat transfer and / or printing.
• the support may comprise a thermoplastic material.
• the support is preferably non-opaque, and more preferably transparent.
• the security element may have areas of different opacities defining the text in positive or negative, so that the text is visible in light transmitted through the medium.
• the security element may comprise at least one zone where the text is positive and at least one zone where the text is negative, in particular a succession of terms alternately positive and negative, the text preferably being defined by selective demetallization. of the support.
• the security element may comprise magnetic elements, in particular disjoint, forming a magnetic code.
• the text be formed with a magnetic material.
• Each magnetic element is for example a text character.
• the security element may constitute a security thread, a film, a patch or a foil.
• the security thread is intended to extend from one edge of the document to the opposite edge.
• the security element may be coated with a heat-sealable varnish.
• the text may be masked in reflection by a semi-reflective coating, or opacity variable depending on the viewing angle, for example opaque at a first angle of observation and transparent at a second angle.
• the coating may be goniochromatic.
• the text may be further associated with a thermochromic or luminescent coating.
• the security element comprises a support carrying a text, in particular a microtext or nanotext, comprising a set of characters whose size is substantially the same, with within this set at least one of the font characters, fat characters, leading and / or spacing that varies in at least one direction,
• the security element comprises a support carrying a text, in particular a microtext or nanotext, comprising a set of characters whose size is substantially the same, with within this set at least one of the font characters, fat characters, leading and / or spacing that varies in at least one direction,
• the security element comprises a support carrying a text, in particular a microtext or nanotext, comprising a set of characters whose size is substantially the same, with within this set at least one of the font characters, fat characters, leading and / or spacing that varies in at least one direction,
• the security element comprises a support carrying a text, in particular a microtext or nanotext, comprising a set of characters whose size is substantially the same, with within this set at least one of the font characters, fat characters, leading and / or spacing that varies in at least one direction,
• the invention further relates, in another aspect, a document, including a secure document, incorporating a security element according to the invention.
• the security element may or may not extend from one edge to the other of the document.
• the security element may or may not be incorporated into window (s) in the document.
• the document, or the security element according to the invention that it comprises, may comprise one or more additional security elements as defined below.
• security elements comprise for example colored fibers or boards, fully or partially printed or metallized wires. These security elements are called first level.
• Additional security elements are detectable only with a relatively simple apparatus, such as a lamp emitting in the ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR).
• UV ultraviolet
• IR infrared
• These security elements comprise, for example, fibers, boards, strips, wires or particles. These security elements may be visible to the naked eye or not, being for example luminescent under a lighting of a Wood lamp emitting at a wavelength of 365 nm. These security elements are said to be second level.
• Additional security elements require for their detection a more sophisticated detection device.
• These security elements are for example capable of generating a specific signal when they are subjected, simultaneously or not, to one or more external excitation sources. The automatic detection of the signal makes it possible to authenticate, if necessary, the document.
• These security elements comprise for example tracers in the form of active materials, particles or fibers, capable of generating a specific signal when submitted. to optronic, electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic excitation. These security elements are said to be third level.
• the additional security element (s) present in the document, or the security element according to the invention that it comprises, may have first, second or third level security features.
• the invention further relates, in another of its aspects, to a method of authenticating a document as defined above, comprising the step of observing the security element in transmitted or reflected light and to determine at least in the light of this observation whether the document is authentic.
• the variation of at least one of the word spacing, the grease, the font and the line spacing can be detected automatically by machine.
• the method may include the step of verifying that the text has a succession of characters that is otherwise reproduced on the document.
• the method may include the step of detecting a magnetic or optical code on the security element using a suitable machine.
• the security element is scanned with an optical sensor to determine the optical density level of multiple areas of the security element and the different levels thus determined provide a code, which can then be compared. to reference information.
• the different levels of optical density are advantageously obtained by means of a variation in the fat of the characters, the font, the word-spacing or the line spacing.
• FIG. 1 represents a front view of an example of a security document incorporating a security element produced according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic section along II-II of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 3 represents separately, in front view, a security element
• FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic section along IV - IV of FIG. 3;
• FIG. 5 is a front view, partially and schematically, of an alternative embodiment of the security element, and
• FIGS. 6A to 6L illustrate other examples of texts that may be present on security elements in accordance with the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows an example of a secure document 1 according to the invention. This is for example a bank note.
• the document 1 incorporates a security element 2, produced in accordance with the invention, and for example, as illustrated, in the form of a security thread introduced into the window (s) in the document, which for example comprises a substrate 4 based on cellulosic and synthetic fibers.
• the substrate advantageously comprises flax fibers or cotton linters.
• the thickness of the substrate 4 is for example generally between 30 and 150 microns.
• the grammage thereof measured according to the NF EN ISO 536 standard, is for example between 30 and 160 g / m 2 .
• the security element 2 comprises a support 5 and on it a text, in this case a microtext or nanotext.
• a text in this case a microtext or nanotext.
• at least one of the inter lettering, character fat, font and / or line spacing varies in at least one direction.
• the security element may be as shown in the form of a wire, that is, a relatively narrow web for incorporation into a document during manufacture thereof.
• the security element is a patch or a foil.
• patch is meant a security element that does not extend over the entire width of the document.
• foil is meant an element applied on the surface, by transfer, generally in band form.
• the security element may also be in the form of a film, in particular a variable data protection film.
• the film can extend over the entire surface of the document.
• the support may be devoid of paper fibers.
• the security element may comprise an optically variable element such as for example a holographic or iridescent coating.
• the security element may comprise a layer of a luminescent compound.
• the thickness of the support is for example between 5 and 50 microns and its width, especially also in the case of a safety thread, between 0.5 and 10 mm.
• the width can range from 5 mm to 25 mm.
• the support is coated on one side with a deposit 6 which makes it possible to form the characters, but the security element can be made with one or more layers of various materials on one of its faces or on both sides.
• the characters are advantageously formed using a deposition of at least one metal, with a thickness of this metal, for example between 30 and 500 nanometers.
• the metal is for example aluminum, gold, zinc, silver, copper, nickel ... and this metal can receive on the surface if necessary a thin colored layer to adapt its visual rendering.
• the security element advantageously comprises disjoint magnetic elements forming a magnetic code.
• the characters can be obtained at least over part of their thickness by selective printing of an ink containing magnetic particles or by vacuum metallization of a magnetic material.
• the sequence of characters may constitute a magnetic code having a particular magnetic response which makes it possible to authenticate the document carrying the security element.
• a banknote of a particular denomination comprising the security element with a particular pattern that is related to the denomination, has a magnetic response associated with the denomination and which makes it possible to authenticate the bank note.
• the reading of the magnetic code also makes it possible to identify the cutoff automatically during a sorting machine treatment.
• Magnetism is read or detected for example by means of inductive heads that measure magnetic flux variations.
• Magnetic particles can be applied in layers of varying concentration of particles, so as to vary the flow to get a more accurate code or to increase the amount of codes that can be detected.
• Other equipment is also suitable for reading this magnetic code, such as Hall effect probes or magnetoresistive sensors.
• the magnetic code is masked and is not detectable visually but only with the aid of a suitable reading device.
• a magnetic ink can be printed under the characters of the text so as to be masked by them.
• the magnetic code comprises at least two magnetic materials having strong and different coercivities but arranged on or in the security element so as to have substantially equal and strong remanence.
• the strong coercivity notably makes it possible to avoid fraudulent attempts to modify the magnetic code.
• the security element may comprise a weakly coercive magnetic zone at least partially covered by a highly coercive magnetic zone that magnetizes the weakly coercive magnetic zone to avoid fraudulent attempts to modify the magnetic code.
• the weakly coercive magnetic zone comprises a plurality of independently magnetizable partial areas forming the disjoint bits or magnetic elements of the magnetic code.
• the support 5 is preferably made of a transparent material, in particular a transparent thermoplastic material, preferably a polyester, but may also be produced from another polymer of the polyimide, polyamide, polymethyl methacrylate or polyvinyl chloride type, among others. .
• text is meant a series of characters preferably having a meaning, in particular for creating words or numbers.
• the text can be formed by metallization, demetallization or printing.
• the writing can be positive, as illustrated in FIG. 3, that is to say that the characters correspond to opaque areas of the security element, or negative, as illustrated in FIG. that is, the characters are formed by non-opaque areas of the security element, for example by selective demetallization.
• the text can include words or numbers in positive writing and others in negative writing, which preferably alternate.
• the text may contain terms that are found elsewhere on the document.
• Characters can be alphanumeric characters or other characters, especially used in Asian or Arabic countries.
• the characters can belong to one of the fonts available in Microsoft Word ® , in the latest version on the day of the deposit.
• the font of the security element may advantageously correspond to the font used on the security document outside the security element, which further facilitates the authentication of the document.
• Text can have a single line of characters or multiple lines. In the presence of several lines, they are for example parallel and identical.
• the height of the text characters can be constant.
• the font of the characters of the text can be constant, the text comprising for example several fonts.
• the police can also vary.
• the font change may be accompanied by a change in character fat, letter spacing, and / or line spacing.
• the width of the text may for example be greater than 90% of the width of the security element, or even be greater than or equal to 95% of its width.
• the text in the example of a security thread 6 mm wide, the text can occupy more than 5.7 mm.
• the height of these can be equal to 5.7 mm for a wire 6 mm wide.
• the maximum size of the characters is preferably less than or equal to 3 mm. Fat of characters
• the height of the characters can remain constant while the fat varies.
• the text may contain the same series of repeated characters, for example the succession of the three letters A, W and S, the fat of all the characters of the same series being the same, but the fat varying from an AWS series to the other.
• the text may also contain a series of repeating characters and the fat may vary from one character to another or from n characters to n characters (n> 2). Thus, within the same series of characters, for example AWS, the fat can vary.
• the text may have at least three levels of fat, or more, including at least five levels.
• Two consecutive fat levels can be visually distinguishable from one another without a magnifying device, or not.
• the variation between the two fat levels may be accompanied by dimensional variations less than the separation power of the human eye at 10 cm, or 0.05 mm.
• the fat can vary periodically, increasing and then decreasing, with a period of for example between 0.010 mm and 0.5 mm.
• the variation of fat can be accompanied by a variation of the font or not.
• the variation in letter spacing may be obtained by varying the extended or condensed spacing in the Microsoft Word ® software.
• the different spacing values are then obtained by modifying the value, in points, of the spacing.
• Interleaving can be defined by the existing approach of a character to the next as defined in the field of typography. Interleaving can be defined by the edge-to-edge distance between two boxes respectively enclosing two successive characters. Such a box is a rectangle each of whose sides is in contact with a portion of the character without any portion of said character being arranged outside the rectangle, so that the rectangle has the smallest surface. To measure the edge-to-edge distance, the rectangle is oriented with one side aligned in the direction of variation of F interlighting.
• Figure 6A illustrates an example of text where only ⁇ letter spacing varies in the longitudinal direction of the security element.
• the spacing may remain positive, ie the difference between the characters is sufficient so that the characters do not touch or become null or negative, that is, the characters touch or overlap. Spelling may range from positive to negative periodically with a period greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm.
• the security element can be made in such a way that only the interleaving varies, the characters retaining their fat and size.
• the spacing may vary, for a body or a size or character height of 250 microns, in a range between half the width of said box negative value, so that the characters are superimposed, 500 microns, preferably 100 microns.
• sequence of characters "arjowiggins” has different word spacing values, for example 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, respectively, if we take the value of the interlace spacing between a and r. as a reference value, equal to 1.
• At least two, better three, different letter spacing values may relate to at least two, more preferably at least three, different terms, the interlace spacing varying between characters within a single term, eg "AWSBN F " which corresponds to a variation of the spacing 1, 2, 1, 1, 2 ....
• At least two, preferably three, different letter-spacing values may relate to at least two, more preferably at least three, identical terms, repeating themselves in the same direction, the inter-spacing varying between at least two characters of the same ranks of said terms, or even between all the characters of the same ranks from one term to the next.
• AWSAW S the letter-spacing variation is 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, considering that the spacing between A and W (characters of respective ranks 1 and 2 within the term AWS which is the acronym for ARJOWIGGINS SECURITY) is normal and that the spacing between A and W then increases, to take a given value taken as a reference, equal to 1, then doubled, etc.
• the interlaying may vary between the characters within the same term, and take at least two, better three different letter spacing values.
• a SAWSAWS the variation of the letter-spacing is 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3 ...
• AW AW S AW S the variation The letter spacing is 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1.
• the inter-lettering variation between characters within the same term may or may not be different from one term to the next.
• the spacing between terms can be constant.
• the word-spacing values within a term may be different from that within another term of said repetition of terms. This is particularly the case in the example "AW SAWSAW S " with the variation of the spacing 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3 ....
• the line spacing designates the spacing between lines of consecutive characters, which are parallel to one another. This spacing can be measured between lines that can be rectilinear or not.
• the lines between which the line spacing is measured can be composed of the same succession of characters, shifted longitudinally or not from one line to another. Preferably, the successions of characters are not shifted.
• the line spacing may remain positive, that is, the characters of two adjacent lines do not touch, or become negative, that is, the lines overlap partially.
• the variation of the line spacing can be done with lines oriented generally perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the security element, as shown in FIG. 6F.
• the variation of the line spacing may gradually decrease to zero or negative, then increase, so as to create periodic variations in gradient or at several levels of optical density, when the security element is observed at a sufficient distance.
• the period of variation of the line spacing is for example between 0.1 and 0.6 mm.
• the text may include a variation of the font of the characters.
• the font of the characters is defined here as a set of characters that have the same style.
• the ARIAL and ALGERIAN fonts as available on the Microsoft Word ® software are two font examples.
• the font change may result in a change in the style of the characters varying the optical density.
• the variations of fat, of spacing and / or spacing according to the invention can be carried out with the same font, that is to say that the style of the characters remains the same, or with a change of the style of the characters. characters, for example by switching to a font of another name.
• the term "change of font” includes the transition from the straight style to the italic or highlighted style.
• the variation of the font is for example limited to a variation of the style only.
• the font refers to the set of characters corresponding to the same body, fat and italic characteristics within the same font.
• FIG. 6B represents a text comprising several parallel lines of the same content, with within each line a variation of the fat of the characters, of two characters in two characters, as in the example of FIG.
• the characters are no longer, as such, perceptible.
• the gradient can have detectable gray levels per machine. These gray levels may encode information, where appropriate, which information may be included elsewhere in the document, for example in printed form or recorded on a magnetic medium or in an electronic chip.
• Figure 6C illustrates a text consisting of parallel wavy lines, with within each line a variation of the fat of the characters.
• FIG. 6D represents a text formed of parallel broken lines, each comprising an alternation of two series of characters having respective different greases. In this example, there are only two levels of fat.
• Figure 6E represents in isolation one of the lines of the text of Figure 6D.
• Figure 6G shows a line of text whose characters are coated relative to the longitudinal direction of the security element.
• the spacing varies periodically along the element.
• Figure 6H shows a text with series of characters of different fats.
• the higher fat characters are grouped together as the bars of a barcode.
• the example illustrated in FIG. 6H thus provides level 1 security in that a bar code appears visible to the naked eye at a certain distance.
• This code is constituted by the sequence of words "AWS" fat or not, forming a binary code.
• Figure 61 shows a single line of text, allowing as in the example of Figure 6H, to generate the appearance of a bar code at a certain viewing distance.
• Figures 6J and 6K are views similar to Figures 6H and 61, with different coding.
• areas devoid of characters are present, in the example of FIGS. 6J and 6K the security element has unbroken lines of characters.
• Figure 6L illustrates a variation of the font of the text, by passing the font
• the variation is in one direction only, in particular the longitudinal direction of the security element.
• the variation is in a transverse direction.
• the variation can be carried out in two perpendicular directions, if necessary, for example to reveal at a certain observation distance a matrix bar code, for example of barcode type or two-dimensional code type "datamatrix" or QR code, or of the UPC code type, ITF or PDF 417.
• information is coded in one direction by the variation of line spacing between parallel lines and within a same line by a variation of the interleaving and / or fat.

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• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
• Finance (AREA)
• Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
• Printing Methods (AREA)
• Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-04-27 FR FR1253954A patent/FR2989932A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2013
  • 2013-04-26 WO PCT/IB2013/053317 patent/WO2013160880A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2013-04-26 EP EP13727387.6A patent/EP2841285A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-04-26 KR KR1020147030894A patent/KR20150004824A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation

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