EP2837425B1 - Device for the selective removal of non-ferrous metals - Google Patents

Device for the selective removal of non-ferrous metals Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2837425B1
EP2837425B1 EP13180265.4A EP13180265A EP2837425B1 EP 2837425 B1 EP2837425 B1 EP 2837425B1 EP 13180265 A EP13180265 A EP 13180265A EP 2837425 B1 EP2837425 B1 EP 2837425B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum chamber
grit
ferrous metal
particles
ferrous metals
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EP13180265.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2837425A1 (en
Inventor
Claus Gronholz
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TARTECH eco industries AG
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Tartech eco Ind AG
Tartech Eco Industries AG
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Priority to DK13180265.4T priority Critical patent/DK2837425T3/en
Priority to EP13180265.4A priority patent/EP2837425B1/en
Publication of EP2837425A1 publication Critical patent/EP2837425A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
    • B03C1/247—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields obtained by a rotating magnetic drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation whereby the particles to be separated are in solid form

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for sorting non-ferrous metals from a non-ferrous metal-containing spreading material, with a conveyor and a non-ferrous metal separator, which is connected downstream of the conveyor in the conveying direction.
  • a device of the type mentioned, that is generic type is well known in the art, for example from the DE 20 2005 017 952 U1 ,
  • the material to be sorted is fed by means of a feed device to a conveyor, which conveys the grit to a non-ferrous metal separator.
  • the conveyor is designed as a belt section and has a guided around two pulleys conveyor or conveyor belt.
  • the non-ferrous metal separator is designed as a high-speed rotating magnetic system of permanent magnets and / or electromagnets and within the last in the conveying direction formed pulley of the conveyor, also called the pile drum arranged.
  • the functioning of a previously known non-ferrous metal separator operating on the basis of a rapidly rotating magnet system is the following:
  • the non-ferrous metal-containing spreading material is conveyed in the conveying direction by means of the conveying device.
  • the action of the non-ferrous metal separator on the Induction principle is based.
  • the fast rotating magnetic pole system disposed within the pole drum induces eddy currents in the high conductivity non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, copper, gold and / or the like at high frequency.
  • a device of the type mentioned above is proposed with the invention, which is characterized by a vacuum chamber and in which run the Abschflugbahnen the discarded by the conveyor grit particles within the vacuum chamber.
  • Previously known devices for sorting out non-ferrous metals achieve satisfactory sorting results with an average cross-sectional diameter size of the grit parts of 3 mm or larger.
  • the sorting results to be achieved are no longer satisfactory, that is to say the proportion of non-ferrous metals in the residual material flow is too high.
  • the rejection rate of non-ferrous metals decreases with the size of the particles or particles. The smaller the grit particles or particles, the lower the sorting rate.
  • grit particles can extremely small sizes up in have the ⁇ range. Nevertheless, they can have a significant percentage of the total grit, so that the sorting worthwhile.
  • the vacuum chamber provided according to the embodiment of the invention provides a remedy here, because the sorting in a vacuum also allows the separation of comparatively small grit particles, that is to say of particles having an average cross-sectional diameter of less than 3 mm.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for processing shredder fine fractions, slag or ash residues in particular from the thermal waste treatment and / or the like.
  • the eddy current force acting on conductive non-ferrous metals in the induced magnetic field of the non-ferrous metal separator is a Lorentz force. Among other things, this depends on the current density and the volume of a non-ferrous metal particle.
  • the force acting on a non-ferrous metal particle eddy current force which leads to a magnetic repulsion, that is, ejection of the non-ferrous metal particle from the mixture of the grit, depends on the particle size of the particle.
  • smaller eddy current forces act on smaller non-ferrous metal particles than on larger non-ferrous metal particles, which makes the sorting out of smaller non-ferrous metal particles from the grit more difficult.
  • the induced eddy current force counteracts disturbing forces.
  • the air resistance on the trajectory of rejected non-ferrous metal particles has a significant impact.
  • This circumstance has a disadvantageous effect, in particular with comparatively small non-ferrous metal particles, since due to their relatively small size, they act on only a relatively small eddy current force.
  • this results in that with conventional devices for sorting out non-ferrous metals no sufficiently good sorting results can be achieved with comparatively small grit particles, that is, with grit particles having an average cross-sectional diameter of less than 3 mm.
  • the air resistance acting on a particle is determined by the flow resistance force counteracting a particle flying through the air.
  • the flow resistance is dependent, among other things, on the air density. The smaller the Air density is, the smaller is the flow resistance force acting on the particles flying through the air.
  • the device according to the invention opens up a wider range of applications in contrast to the prior art. It is also possible advantageously to process smaller grit granulations, that is to say granulated material particle sizes, and to sort out non-ferrous metal particles.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for such spreading material, which have a predominantly comparatively small particle size, as is the case for example in the case of thermal or waste incinerating ashes or slag.
  • non-ferrous metal and / or the conveyor are arranged within the vacuum chamber.
  • This embodiment proves advantageous from a constructive point of view.
  • defined grit feeds and grit discharges can be created, which allow an air seal of the vacuum chamber relative to the ambient atmosphere.
  • rotary valves can be used for airtight completion.
  • the non-ferrous metal in the conveying direction downstream of a conveyor serves to promote non-ferrous metals on the one hand and residual grit on the other.
  • the conveying means is preferably disposed within the vacuum chamber and serves to supply the sorted spreading material of a first discharge of the vacuum chamber and a second discharge of the vacuum chamber.
  • the first discharge for the discharge of non-ferrous metals and the second discharge for the discharge of residual grit is provided.
  • FIG. 1 can be seen in a schematic view of an inventive device 1. This serves to sort out non-ferrous metals from a grit 2 containing non-ferrous metals.
  • the grit is a pourable grit with grit particles or particles, which are formed in the average diameter at least partially smaller than 3 mm, possibly even smaller, such as 2 mm, 1 mm, 0.5 mm or even smaller.
  • the grit 2 is conveyed via a feed device 3 to a conveyor 6.
  • the conveyor 6 is disposed within a vacuum chamber 5.
  • the vacuum chamber 5 has a scraper supply 18. This is equipped for airtight completion of the vacuum chamber 5 relative to the atmosphere surrounding the vacuum chamber 5 with a rotary valve 4.
  • the rotary feeder On the supply side, the rotary feeder has a funnel 20, by means of which the grit 2 leaving the feeder 3 is fed to the rotary feeder 4.
  • the feeder 2 leaving the rotary feeder 4 reaches the conveying device 6 arranged inside the vacuum chamber 5.
  • the latter has two Deflection rollers 9 and 10, wherein the deflection roller 10 is designed as a pole drum over which a conveyor belt 8 is guided in a conventional manner.
  • the with respect to the drawing plane after Fig. 1 right guide roller 10 serves as a so-called head or pole drum and includes a known from the prior art per se non-ferrous metal 7, which in turn has a rotating at high speed magnet system of permanent and / or electromagnet.
  • the given on the conveyor 6 grit 2 is in the direction of in Fig. 1 plotted arrows transported and reaches the pole drum 10 of the conveyor 6, where there is a magnet-induced eddy current generation in the non-ferrous metal particle of the grit 2.
  • the residual grit describes the trajectory designated by 12.
  • an adjustable separating plate 11 which forms a vertex, due to the different trajectories 12 and 13, a separation of the grit 2 in non-ferrous metals, that is grit particles with non-ferrous metal content and residual grit occur.
  • a negative pressure prevails in the volume space 21 surrounding the vacuum chamber 5.
  • This embodiment according to the invention causes the particles ejected by the conveyor 6 to counteract a reduced flow resistance force, which advantageously has the consequence that the magnetic-field-induced eddy current force is sufficient, even with respect to relatively small grit particles, around the trajectory designated 13 and behind the separating plate 11 to describe.
  • a conveyor 14 is connected downstream.
  • this has two screw conveyors 15, wherein a first screw conveyor 15 of the fraction of non-ferrous metals and the second screw conveyor 15 is assigned to the fraction of the remaining scattered material.
  • Both augers 15 have on the output side via a discharge, wherein the first discharge 16 is the non-ferrous metals and the second discharge 17 associated with the residual grit.
  • a discharge of the separated material to be spread 2 takes place from the negative pressure chamber 5, wherein for sealing the vacuum chamber 5 relative to the surrounding atmosphere corresponding rotary valves 4 may be provided, which in Fig. 1 is not shown in detail.

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  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Aussortieren von Nichteisenmetallen aus einem Nichteisenmetalle enthaltenden Streugut, mit einer Fördereinrichtung und einem Nichteisenmetallabscheider, der der Fördereinrichtung in Förderrichtung nachgeschaltet ist.The invention relates to a device for sorting non-ferrous metals from a non-ferrous metal-containing spreading material, with a conveyor and a non-ferrous metal separator, which is connected downstream of the conveyor in the conveying direction.

Eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten, das heißt gattungsgemäßen Art ist aus dem Stand der Technik an sich gut bekannt, beispielsweise aus der DE 20 2005 017 952 U1 .A device of the type mentioned, that is generic type is well known in the art, for example from the DE 20 2005 017 952 U1 ,

Gemäß der vorbekannten Vorrichtung wird das zu sortierende Streugut mittels einer Zuführungseinrichtung einer Fördereinrichtung zugeführt, die das Streugut einem Nichteisenmetallabscheider zufördert. Die Fördereinrichtung ist als Bandstrecke ausgebildet und verfügt über ein um zwei Umlenkrollen geführtes Förder- oder Transportband. Der Nichteisenmetallabscheider ist als ein mit hoher Geschwindigkeit rotierendes Magnetsystem aus Permanent- und/oder Elektromagneten ausgebildet und innerhalb der in Förderrichtung zuletzt ausgebildeten Umlenkrolle der Fördereinrichtung, auch Poltrommel genannt, angeordnet.According to the previously known device, the material to be sorted is fed by means of a feed device to a conveyor, which conveys the grit to a non-ferrous metal separator. The conveyor is designed as a belt section and has a guided around two pulleys conveyor or conveyor belt. The non-ferrous metal separator is designed as a high-speed rotating magnetic system of permanent magnets and / or electromagnets and within the last in the conveying direction formed pulley of the conveyor, also called the pile drum arranged.

Die Funktionsweise eines vorbekannten, auf Basis eines schnell rotierenden Magnetsystems arbeitenden Nichteisenmetallabscheider ist die folgende: Das Nichteisenmetalle enthaltende Streugut wird mittels der Fördereinrichtung in Förderrichtung gefördert. Sobald das Streugut die den Nichteisenmetallabscheider beinhaltende Poltrommel erreicht, kommt es zur Abtrennung von Nichteisenmetallen aus dem Streugut, wobei die Wirkungsweise des Nichteisenmetallabscheiders auf dem Induktionsprinzip beruht. Das innerhalb der Poltrommel angeordnete, schnell rotierende Magnetpolsystem induziert bei hoher Frequenz Wirbelströme in den gut leitfähigen Nichteisenmetallen, wie beispielsweise Aluminium, Kupfer, Gold und/oder dergleichen. Diese induzierten Wirbelströme erzeugen ihrerseits zum Magnetrotor gleichgepolte Magnetfelder, was ein Abstoßen der die Nichteisenmetalle enthaltenden Partikel des Streuguts zur Folge hat. Im Ergebnis werden die Nichteisenmetallpartikel des Streuguts mit Verlassen der Fördereinrichtung weiter weg geschleudert als andere Partikel des Streuguts, so dass mittels eines Trennblechs eine Separation von Nichteisenmetallpartikeln einerseits und Reststreugutpartikeln andererseits vorgenommen werden kann.The functioning of a previously known non-ferrous metal separator operating on the basis of a rapidly rotating magnet system is the following: The non-ferrous metal-containing spreading material is conveyed in the conveying direction by means of the conveying device. As soon as the spreading material reaches the polishing drum containing the non-ferrous metal separator, non-ferrous metals are separated from the spreading material, the action of the non-ferrous metal separator on the Induction principle is based. The fast rotating magnetic pole system disposed within the pole drum induces eddy currents in the high conductivity non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, copper, gold and / or the like at high frequency. These induced eddy currents in turn generate magnetic fields with the same polarity as the magnetic rotor, which results in a repulsion of the non-ferrous metal-containing particles of the grit. As a result, the non-ferrous metal particles of the grit are thrown farther away than other particles of the grit when leaving the conveyor so that a separation of non-ferrous metal particles on the one hand and residual grit particles on the other hand can be made by means of a separating plate.

Die vorbeschriebene und aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Funktionsweise hat sich im Praxiseinsatz bewährt. Es besteht gleichwohl Verbesserungsbedarf. So hat sich insbesondere herausgestellt, dass sich bei Streugut mit vergleichsweise kleinen Streugutteilchen eine nur unzureichende Aussortierung von Nichteisenmetallen erzielen lässt. Es ist deshalb die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zum Aussortieren von Nichteisenmetallen der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzuentwickeln, dass hinreichend gute Sortierergebnisse auch bei Streugut mit vergleichsweise kleinen Streugutteilen erreicht werden können.The above-described and known from the prior art operation has been proven in practice. There is nevertheless room for improvement. In particular, it has been found that in the case of grit with comparatively small particles of grit, only insufficient sorting of non-ferrous metals can be achieved. It is therefore an object of the invention to develop a device for sorting out non-ferrous metals of the type mentioned in that sufficiently good sorting results can be achieved even with grit with comparatively small grit parts.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird mit der Erfindung eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art vorgeschlagen, die sich durch eine Unterdruckkammer auszeichnet und bei der die Abwurfflugbahnen der von der Fördereinrichtung abgeworfenen Streugutpartikel innerhalb der Unterdruckkammer verlaufen.To solve this problem, a device of the type mentioned above is proposed with the invention, which is characterized by a vacuum chamber and in which run the Abwurfflugbahnen the discarded by the conveyor grit particles within the vacuum chamber.

Aus dem Stand der Technik vorbekannte Vorrichtungen zum Aussortieren von Nichteisenmetallen erzielen zufriedenstellende Sortierergebnisse bei einer mittleren Querschnittsdurchmessergröße der Streugutteilen von 3 mm oder größer. Bei vergleichsweise kleinen Streugutteilen, das heißt bei Streugutteilen mit einem mittleren Querschnittsdurchmesser von unter 3 mm, beispielsweise von 2 mm, 1 mm oder noch kleiner sind die zu erzielenden Sortierergebnisse nicht mehr zufriedenstellend, das heißt der Anteil an Nichteisenmetallen im Restgutstrom ist zu hoch. Dabei sinkt die Aussortierrate von Nichteisenmetallen mit der Größe der Streugutteilchen beziehungsweise -partikel. Je kleiner die Streugutteilchen beziehungsweise -partikel sind, desto geringer fällt die Sortierrate aus. Bei der Anwendung solcher Vorrichtung beispielsweise in Bezug auf Agglomerate, wie sie unter anderem als industrielle Verbrennungsprodukte entstehen, können Streugutteilchen extrem geringe Größen bis in den µ-Bereich haben. Gleichwohl können sie einen nennenswerten prozentualen Anteil am Gesamtstreugut haben, so dass sich das Aussortieren lohnt.Previously known devices for sorting out non-ferrous metals achieve satisfactory sorting results with an average cross-sectional diameter size of the grit parts of 3 mm or larger. In the case of comparatively small grit parts, ie in the case of grit parts with an average cross-sectional diameter of less than 3 mm, for example 2 mm, 1 mm or even smaller, the sorting results to be achieved are no longer satisfactory, that is to say the proportion of non-ferrous metals in the residual material flow is too high. The rejection rate of non-ferrous metals decreases with the size of the particles or particles. The smaller the grit particles or particles, the lower the sorting rate. In the application of such device, for example, with respect to agglomerates, as they arise, inter alia, as industrial combustion products, grit particles can extremely small sizes up in have the μ range. Nevertheless, they can have a significant percentage of the total grit, so that the sorting worthwhile.

Die nach der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung vorgesehene Unterdruckkammer schafft hier Abhilfe, denn die Sortierung im Vakuum erlaubt die Separation auch von vergleichsweise kleinen Streugutpartikeln, das heißt von Partikeln mit einem mittleren Querschnittsdurchmesser von kleiner als 3 mm. Damit eignet sich die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung insbesondere zur Verarbeitung von Shredder-Feinfraktionen, Schlacke- oder Ascheresten insbesondere aus der thermischen Abfallaufbereitung und/oder dergleichen.The vacuum chamber provided according to the embodiment of the invention provides a remedy here, because the sorting in a vacuum also allows the separation of comparatively small grit particles, that is to say of particles having an average cross-sectional diameter of less than 3 mm. Thus, the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for processing shredder fine fractions, slag or ash residues in particular from the thermal waste treatment and / or the like.

Die im induzierten Magnetfeld des Nichteisenmetallabscheiders auf leitende Nichteisenmetalle wirkende Wirbelstromkraft ist eine Lorentzkraft. Diese ist unter anderem von der Stromdichte und dem Volumen eines Nichteisenmetallpartikels abhängig. Damit hängt die auf ein Nichteisenmetallpartikel wirkende Wirbelstrom kraft, die zu einem magnetischen Abstoßen, das heißt Ausstoßen des Nichteisenmetallpartikels aus dem Stoffgemisch des Streuguts führt, von der Teilchengröße des Partikels ab. Im Ergebnis wirken auf kleinere Nichteisenmetallpartikel geringere Wirbelstromkräfte als auf größere Nichteisenmetallpartikel, was die Aussortierung kleinerer Nichteisenmetallpartikel aus dem Streugut erschwert.The eddy current force acting on conductive non-ferrous metals in the induced magnetic field of the non-ferrous metal separator is a Lorentz force. Among other things, this depends on the current density and the volume of a non-ferrous metal particle. Thus, the force acting on a non-ferrous metal particle eddy current force, which leads to a magnetic repulsion, that is, ejection of the non-ferrous metal particle from the mixture of the grit, depends on the particle size of the particle. As a result, smaller eddy current forces act on smaller non-ferrous metal particles than on larger non-ferrous metal particles, which makes the sorting out of smaller non-ferrous metal particles from the grit more difficult.

Hinzu kommt, dass der induzierten Wirbelstromkraft Störkräfte entgegenwirken. Insbesondere hat der Luftwiderstand auf die Flugbahn abgestoßener Nichteisenmetallpartikel einen erheblichen Einfluss. Dieser wirkt der wirbelstrominduzierten Wirbelkraft entgegen und bremst die Nichteisenmetallpartikel auf ihrer Abwurfflugbahn ab. Dieser Umstand wirkt sich insbesondere bei vergleichsweise kleinen Nichteisenmetallpartikeln nachteilig aus, da auf diese aufgrund ihrer verhältnismäßig kleinen Größe eine nur verhältnismäßig kleine Wirbelstromkraft einwirkt. Im Ergebnis führt dies dazu, dass mit herkömmlichen Vorrichtungen zum Aussortieren von Nichteisenmetallen keine hinreichend guten Sortierergebnisse bei vergleichsweise kleinen Streugutpartikeln, das heißt bei Streugutpartikeln mit einem mittleren Querschnittsdurchmesser von kleiner als 3 mm erreicht werden können.In addition, the induced eddy current force counteracts disturbing forces. In particular, the air resistance on the trajectory of rejected non-ferrous metal particles has a significant impact. This counteracts the eddy-current-induced vortex force and brakes the non-ferrous metal particles on their ejection trajectory. This circumstance has a disadvantageous effect, in particular with comparatively small non-ferrous metal particles, since due to their relatively small size, they act on only a relatively small eddy current force. As a result, this results in that with conventional devices for sorting out non-ferrous metals, no sufficiently good sorting results can be achieved with comparatively small grit particles, that is, with grit particles having an average cross-sectional diameter of less than 3 mm.

Der auf ein Teilchen einwirkende Luftwiderstand ist durch die Strömungswiderstandskraft bestimmt, die einem durch die Luft fliegenden Teilchen entgegenwirkt. Dabei ist die Strömungswiderstandskraft unter anderem von der Luftdichte abhängig. Je kleiner die Luftdichte ist, desto kleiner ist die auf das durch die Luft fliegende Teilchen einwirkende Strömungswiderstandskraft.The air resistance acting on a particle is determined by the flow resistance force counteracting a particle flying through the air. The flow resistance is dependent, among other things, on the air density. The smaller the Air density is, the smaller is the flow resistance force acting on the particles flying through the air.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung wird nun vorgeschlagen, eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Aussortieren von Nichteisenmetallen mit einer Unterdruckkammer auszurüsten. Dies gestattet es, innerhalb der Unterdruckkammer ein Vakuum, das heißt einen Unterdruck zu erzeugen und damit die Luftdichte innerhalb der Unterdruckkammer herabzusetzen. Im bestimmungsgemäßen Verwendungsfall führt dies zu einer Verringerung der auf die durch die Luft innerhalb der Unterdruckkammer fliegenden Teilchen einwirkenden Strömungswiderstandskraft. Im Ergebnis bringt dies wiederum eine Verminderung der Störwirkung, die der auf ein Teilchen im bestimmungsgemäßen Verwendungsfall einwirkenden Wirbelstromkraft entgegensteht, so dass die Abwurfparabel eines auch vergleichsweise kleinen Teilchens innerhalb der Vakuumkammer weniger stark gestört ist. Dies gestattet in vorteilhafter Weise eine zufriedenstellende Aussortierung auch vergleichsweise kleiner Nichteisenmetallpartikel. Der Unterdruck ist in Abhängigkeit der zu separierenden Partikelgrösse regelbar.With the embodiment according to the invention is now proposed to equip a generic device for sorting out non-ferrous metals with a vacuum chamber. This makes it possible to generate a vacuum within the vacuum chamber, that is, a negative pressure and thus to reduce the air density within the vacuum chamber. In the intended use case, this leads to a reduction of the force acting on the air flowing through the air within the vacuum chamber particles flow resistance. As a result, this in turn brings about a reduction in the disturbing effect which is opposed by the eddy current force acting on a particle in the intended use, so that the discharge parabola of a comparatively small particle within the vacuum chamber is less disturbed. This allows advantageously a satisfactory sorting even comparatively small non-ferrous metal particles. The negative pressure can be regulated as a function of the particle size to be separated.

Insgesamt eröffnet die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ein im Unterschied zum Stand der Technik erweitertes Anwendungsspektrum. Es können in vorteilhafter Weise auch kleinere Streugutkörnungen, das heißt Streugutpartikelgrößen verarbeitet und Nichteisenmetallpartikel aussortiert werden. Damit ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung insbesondere auch für solche Streugüter geeignet, die über eine überwiegend vergleichsweise kleine Partikelgröße verfügen, wie dies beispielsweise bei der einer thermischen Müllverwertung entstammenden Asche oder Schlacke der Fall ist.Overall, the device according to the invention opens up a wider range of applications in contrast to the prior art. It is also possible advantageously to process smaller grit granulations, that is to say granulated material particle sizes, and to sort out non-ferrous metal particles. Thus, the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for such spreading material, which have a predominantly comparatively small particle size, as is the case for example in the case of thermal or waste incinerating ashes or slag.

Es ist gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der Nichteisenmetallabscheider und/oder die Fördereinrichtung innerhalb der Unterdruckkammer angeordnet sind. Diese Ausgestaltung erweist sich aus konstruktiver Sicht als vorteilhaft. So können definierte Streugutzuführungen und Streugutabführungen geschaffen werden, die eine Luftabdichtung der Unterdruckkammer gegenüber der Umgebungsatmosphäre gestatten. Für einen luftdichten Abschluss können beispielsweise Zellenradschleusen zum Einsatz kommen.It is provided according to a further feature of the invention that the non-ferrous metal and / or the conveyor are arranged within the vacuum chamber. This embodiment proves advantageous from a constructive point of view. Thus, defined grit feeds and grit discharges can be created, which allow an air seal of the vacuum chamber relative to the ambient atmosphere. For airtight completion, for example, rotary valves can be used.

Es sind aber auch andere Ausgestaltungen denkbar, da es allein von erfindungswesentlicher Bedeutung ist, dass die Abwurfflugbahnen der Streugutteilchen innerhalb der Unterdruckkammer und mithin innerhalb eines Bereiches mit vermindertem Luftdruck verlaufen. Es liegt mithin im Rahmen der Erfindung, die Fördereinrichtung und/oder den Nichtmetallabscheider nur teilweise innerhalb der Unterdruckkammer anzuordnen.But there are also other embodiments conceivable, since it is solely essential to the invention that the Abwurfflugbahnen the grit particles run within the vacuum chamber and thus within a range of reduced air pressure. It is therefore within the scope of the invention to arrange the conveyor and / or the Nichtmetallabscheider only partially within the vacuum chamber.

Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist es bevorzugt, dass dem Nichteisenmetallabscheider in Förderrichtung ein Fördermittel nachgeschaltet ist. Dieses dient der Abförderung von Nichteisenmetallen einerseits und Reststreugut andererseits. Das Fördermittel ist bevorzugterweise innerhalb der Unterdruckkammer angeordnet und dient dazu, das sortierte Streugut einer ersten Abführung der Unterdruckkammer und einer zweiten Abführung der Unterdruckkammer zuzuführen. Dabei ist die erste Abführung zur Abgabe von Nichteisenmetallen und die zweite Abführung zur Abgabe von Reststreugut vorgesehen.According to a further feature of the invention, it is preferred that the non-ferrous metal in the conveying direction downstream of a conveyor. This serves to promote non-ferrous metals on the one hand and residual grit on the other. The conveying means is preferably disposed within the vacuum chamber and serves to supply the sorted spreading material of a first discharge of the vacuum chamber and a second discharge of the vacuum chamber. Here, the first discharge for the discharge of non-ferrous metals and the second discharge for the discharge of residual grit is provided.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung anhand der einzigen Figur 1.Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the single FIG. 1 ,

Figur 1 lässt in schematischer Ansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 erkennen. Diese dient dem Aussortieren von Nichteisenmetallen aus einem Streugut 2, das Nichteisenmetalle enthält. Das Streugut ist ein schüttfähiges Streugut mit Streugutteilchen beziehungsweise -partikeln, die im mittleren Durchmesser zumindest zum Teil kleiner als 3 mm, gegebenenfalls auch noch kleiner, wie zum Beispiel 2 mm, 1 mm, 0,5 mm oder noch kleiner ausgebildet sind. FIG. 1 can be seen in a schematic view of an inventive device 1. This serves to sort out non-ferrous metals from a grit 2 containing non-ferrous metals. The grit is a pourable grit with grit particles or particles, which are formed in the average diameter at least partially smaller than 3 mm, possibly even smaller, such as 2 mm, 1 mm, 0.5 mm or even smaller.

Das Streugut 2 wird über eine Zuführeinrichtung 3 zu einer Fördereinrichtung 6 gefördert. Die Fördereinrichtung 6 ist innerhalb einer Unterdruckkammer 5 angeordnet.The grit 2 is conveyed via a feed device 3 to a conveyor 6. The conveyor 6 is disposed within a vacuum chamber 5.

Die Unterdruckkammer 5 verfügt über eine Streugutzuführung 18. Diese ist für einen luftdichten Abschluss der Unterdruckkammer 5 gegenüber der die Unterdruckkammer 5 umgebenden Atmosphäre mit einer Zellenradschleuse 4 ausgerüstet. Zuführseitig weist die Zellenradschleuse einen Trichter 20 auf, mittels welchem das die Zuführungseinrichtung 3 verlassende Streugut 2 der Zellenradschleuse 4 zugeführt wird.The vacuum chamber 5 has a scraper supply 18. This is equipped for airtight completion of the vacuum chamber 5 relative to the atmosphere surrounding the vacuum chamber 5 with a rotary valve 4. On the supply side, the rotary feeder has a funnel 20, by means of which the grit 2 leaving the feeder 3 is fed to the rotary feeder 4.

Das die Zellenradschleuse 4 verlassende Streugut 2 gelangt auf die innerhalb der Unterdruckkammer 5 angeordnete Fördereinrichtung 6. Diese verfügt über zwei Umlenkrollen 9 und 10, wobei die Umlenkrolle 10 als Poltrommel ausgeführt ist, über die in an sich bekannter Weise ein Förderband 8 geführt ist. Die mit Bezug auf die Zeichnungsebene nach Fig. 1 rechte Umlenkrolle 10 dient als sogenannte Kopf- oder Poltrommel und beinhaltet einen aus dem Stand der Technik an sich bekannten Nichteisenmetallabscheider 7, der seinerseits über ein mit hoher Geschwindigkeit rotierendes Magnetsystem aus Permanent- und/oder Elektromagneten verfügt.The feeder 2 leaving the rotary feeder 4 reaches the conveying device 6 arranged inside the vacuum chamber 5. The latter has two Deflection rollers 9 and 10, wherein the deflection roller 10 is designed as a pole drum over which a conveyor belt 8 is guided in a conventional manner. The with respect to the drawing plane after Fig. 1 right guide roller 10 serves as a so-called head or pole drum and includes a known from the prior art per se non-ferrous metal 7, which in turn has a rotating at high speed magnet system of permanent and / or electromagnet.

Das auf die Fördereinrichtung 6 gegebenen Streugut 2 wird in Richtung der in Fig. 1 eingezeichneten Pfeile transportiert und gelangt zur Poltrommel 10 der Fördereinrichtung 6, wo es zu einer magnetinduzierten Wirbelstromerzeugung in dem Nichteisenmetallteilchen des Streuguts 2 kommt. Infolgedessen kommt es zu einer Abstoßbewegung der Nichteisenmetallteilchen, aufgrund dessen diese mit Abwurf von der Fördereinrichtung 6 die mit 13 bezeichnete Abwurfbahn beschreiben. Das Reststreugut beschreibt indes die mit 12 bezeichnete Flugbahn. Mittels eines verstellbaren Trennblechs 11, welches einen Scheitel bildet, kann aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Flugbahnen 12 und 13 eine Trennung des Streugutes 2 in Nichteisenmetalle, das heißt Streugutteilchen mit Nichteisenmetallanteil und Reststreugut erfolgen.The given on the conveyor 6 grit 2 is in the direction of in Fig. 1 plotted arrows transported and reaches the pole drum 10 of the conveyor 6, where there is a magnet-induced eddy current generation in the non-ferrous metal particle of the grit 2. As a result, there is a repelling movement of the non-ferrous metal particles, due to which they describe with discharge from the conveyor 6 designated 13 discharge path. The residual grit, meanwhile, describes the trajectory designated by 12. By means of an adjustable separating plate 11, which forms a vertex, due to the different trajectories 12 and 13, a separation of the grit 2 in non-ferrous metals, that is grit particles with non-ferrous metal content and residual grit occur.

Mittels einer Vakuumeinrichtung 19, herrscht in dem von der Unterdruckkammer 5 umgebenden Volumenraum 21 ein Unterdruck. Diese erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung bewirkt, dass den von der Fördereinrichtung 6 abgeworfenen Teilchen eine verringerte Strömungswiderstandkraft entgegenwirkt, was in vorteilhafter Weise die Folge hat, dass die magnetfeldinduzierte Wirbelstromkraft auch hinsichtlich verhältnismäßig kleiner Streugutteilchen ausreichend ist, um die mit 13 bezeichnete und hinter das Trennblech 11 führende Flugbahn zu beschreiben.By means of a vacuum device 19, a negative pressure prevails in the volume space 21 surrounding the vacuum chamber 5. This embodiment according to the invention causes the particles ejected by the conveyor 6 to counteract a reduced flow resistance force, which advantageously has the consequence that the magnetic-field-induced eddy current force is sufficient, even with respect to relatively small grit particles, around the trajectory designated 13 and behind the separating plate 11 to describe.

In Förderrichtung ist der Fördereinrichtung 6 ein Fördermittel 14 nachgeschaltet. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel verfügt dieses über zwei Förderschnecken 15, wobei eine erste Förderschnecke 15 der Fraktion der Nichteisenmetalle und die zweite Förderschnecke 15 der Fraktion des Reststreugutes zugeordnet ist. Beide Förderschnecken 15 verfügen ausgangsseitig über eine Abführung, wobei die erste Abführung 16 den Nichteisenmetallen und die zweite Abführung 17 dem Reststreugut zugeordnet ist.In the conveying direction of the conveyor 6, a conveyor 14 is connected downstream. In the illustrated embodiment, this has two screw conveyors 15, wherein a first screw conveyor 15 of the fraction of non-ferrous metals and the second screw conveyor 15 is assigned to the fraction of the remaining scattered material. Both augers 15 have on the output side via a discharge, wherein the first discharge 16 is the non-ferrous metals and the second discharge 17 associated with the residual grit.

Mittels der Abführungen 15 und 16 erfolgt eine Abfuhr des aufgetrennten Streugutes 2 aus der Unterdruckkammer 5 hinaus, wobei zur Abdichtung der Unterdruckkammer 5 gegenüber der umgebenden Atmosphäre entsprechende Zellenradschleusen 4 vorgesehen sein können, was in Fig. 1 nicht im Einzelnen dargestellt ist.By means of the discharges 15 and 16, a discharge of the separated material to be spread 2 takes place from the negative pressure chamber 5, wherein for sealing the vacuum chamber 5 relative to the surrounding atmosphere corresponding rotary valves 4 may be provided, which in Fig. 1 is not shown in detail.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Vorrichtungcontraption
22
Streugutgrit
33
Zuführungseinrichtungfeeder
44
Zellenradschleuserotary
55
UnterdruckkammerVacuum chamber
66
FördereinrichtungConveyor
77
NichteisenmetallabscheiderNichteisenmetallabscheider
88th
Förderbandconveyor belt
99
Umlenkrolleidler pulley
1010
Poltrommelpole drum
1111
TrennblechDivider
1212
Abwurfbahn RestgutDischarge track Restgut
1313
Abwurfbahn NichteisenmetalleDrop-off track Non-ferrous metals
1414
Fördermittelfunding
1515
FörderschneckeAuger
1616
erste Abführungfirst discharge
1717
zweite Abführungsecond discharge
1818
Zuführungfeed
1919
Vakuumeinrichtungvacuum equipment
2020
Trichterfunnel
2121
Volumenraumvolume space

Claims (7)

  1. Separator device of non-ferrous metals from bulk goods containing non-ferrous metal with bulk particles, the average diameter of which is at least in part smaller than 3 mm, having a conveying equipment (6) and a separator of non-ferrous metals (7) downstream the conveying equipment (6) in the conveying direction, characterised by a vacuum chamber (5), the ejection trajectories (12, 13) of said bulk goods ejected by said conveying equipment (6) extending within the vacuum chamber (5).
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that said non-ferrous metal separator (7) is arranged within the vacuum chamber (5).
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that said conveying equipment (6) is arranged within the vacuum chamber (5).
  4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the vacuum chamber (5) has a bulk product feed.
  5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that conveying means (14) are arranged within the vacuum chamber (5), downstream said non-ferrous metal separator (7) in the conveying direction.
  6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said vacuum chamber (5) has a first outlet (16) for non-ferrous metals and a second outlet (17) for residual bulk products.
  7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the vacuum chamber (5) has cellular wheel sluices each at the feeder side and the outlet side.
EP13180265.4A 2013-08-13 2013-08-13 Device for the selective removal of non-ferrous metals Active EP2837425B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK13180265.4T DK2837425T3 (en) 2013-08-13 2013-08-13 Non-ferrous metal sorting device
EP13180265.4A EP2837425B1 (en) 2013-08-13 2013-08-13 Device for the selective removal of non-ferrous metals

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13180265.4A EP2837425B1 (en) 2013-08-13 2013-08-13 Device for the selective removal of non-ferrous metals

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2837425A1 EP2837425A1 (en) 2015-02-18
EP2837425B1 true EP2837425B1 (en) 2019-11-06

Family

ID=49035297

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13180265.4A Active EP2837425B1 (en) 2013-08-13 2013-08-13 Device for the selective removal of non-ferrous metals

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2837425B1 (en)
DK (1) DK2837425T3 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202005017952U1 (en) 2005-11-15 2007-03-29 Wagner Magnete Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus for separating materials containing nonferrous metals, comprising a conveyor for transporting the material to a nonferrous metal separator, comprises a magnetic iron separator mounted above the conveyor
WO2011011523A1 (en) * 2009-07-21 2011-01-27 Velerio Thomas A Method and system for separating and recovering like-type materials from an electronic waste system
BE1019958A5 (en) * 2011-04-28 2013-03-05 Ad Rem N V DEVICE FOR PROCESSING SHREDDER RESIDUE.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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EP2837425A1 (en) 2015-02-18
DK2837425T3 (en) 2020-02-17

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