EP2834826A1 - Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung mit schaltelement im hilfskontaktstrompfad - Google Patents
Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung mit schaltelement im hilfskontaktstrompfadInfo
- Publication number
- EP2834826A1 EP2834826A1 EP13715636.0A EP13715636A EP2834826A1 EP 2834826 A1 EP2834826 A1 EP 2834826A1 EP 13715636 A EP13715636 A EP 13715636A EP 2834826 A1 EP2834826 A1 EP 2834826A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switching
- signal
- output signal
- auxiliary contact
- safety
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011022 operating instruction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
- H01H47/004—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits using plural redundant serial connected relay operated contacts in controlled circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
- H01H9/0271—Bases, casings, or covers structurally combining a switch and an electronic component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
- H01H2300/026—Application dead man switch: power must be interrupted on release of operating member
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a safety switching device for fail-safe switching on or off of a technical system.
- the safety switching device has a fail-safe control / evaluation unit with an input for receiving an input signal.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit is designed to process the input signal in order to generate an output signal for switching the technical system on or off depending on an output signal time.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit has a first output for transmitting the output signal to an electromechanical switch.
- the electromechanical switch has a normally open contact for switching a load circuit of the technical system and a positively driven auxiliary contact in an auxiliary contact current path, via which a current can be conducted at an applied defined voltage for checking the switching position of the normally open contact.
- the invention further relates to a safety switching system with such a safety switching device and with a spatially separated switching device with the electromechanical switch.
- the invention further relates to a method for operating a fail-safe control / evaluation of a safety switching device for fail-safe on or off a technical system.
- the method includes the steps of receiving an input signal at an input of the fail-safe control / evaluation unit, processing the input signal to generate an output signal for turning on or off the technical equipment in response to an output signal timing, and, at a first Output of the fail-safe control / evaluation unit, transmitting the output signal to an electromechanical switch.
- the electromechanical switch has a normally open contact for switching a load circuit of the technical system and a positively driven auxiliary contact in an auxiliary contact current path, via which a current can be conducted at an applied defined voltage for checking the switching position of the normally open contact.
- a safety switching device and a safety switching system of this type are known from DE 10 2004 033 359 A1.
- a safety switching device or a fail-safe control / evaluation unit is any switching device or control / evaluation unit (for example CPU or microcontroller) that meets the required safety standards, in particular at least category 3, preferably even category 4 , and / or a corresponding PL (performance level) according to the standard EN ISO 13849-1 and / or a corresponding SIL (Safety Integrity Level) according to EN / IEC 62061 or a comparable safety standard, for example the now no longer valid European standard EN 954 -1 .
- These include in particular switching devices, safety controllers, and sensor and actuator modules, which are used for the control and implementation of safety-critical tasks in the field of industrial production environments.
- switching devices which monitor the operating position of an emergency stop switch or a protective door or, for example, the functional state of a light barrier and depending on a machine or switch off a machine area. Failure of such safety switching devices can be life-threatening consequences for machine personnel, which is why safety switching devices may only be used if they are approved by the competent supervisory authorities (in Germany, for example, the professional associations).
- the aforementioned DE 10 2004 033 359 A1 discloses a device for securing an automated robot.
- the device includes a safety switching device that controls two external switching elements on the output side.
- the safety relay receives one or more input signals from appropriately connected signal generators.
- the input signal (s) received are fed to an evaluation and control unit, which is preferably designed to be multichannel-redundant.
- the safety switching device includes two output-side relay whose switching position is determined by the evaluation and control unit. Each relay has a number of positively driven NO and NC contacts.
- the electromechanical switch such as a relay or contactor
- a normally open contact also called normally open contact
- an auxiliary contact forcibly guided also known as normally closed contact
- Forced means in this context that the normally open contact and the auxiliary contact are mechanically connected to each other so that always normally open contact and auxiliary contact can not be closed simultaneously. That is, the auxiliary contact (or normally closed contact) is closed when the normally open contact (or normally open contact) is open, and vice versa.
- the normally open contact is arranged in the load current path or circuit of the technical system so that it can switch the current to the technical system on or off.
- the auxiliary contact is arranged in a separate auxiliary contact current path or circuit, also known as feedback loop (RSK) (in English "feed back loop”). Due to the forced operation between the make contact and auxiliary contact, the switching position of the normally open contact can be checked by a current or a signal in the auxiliary contact current path, for example by a read-back logic.
- the electromechanical switch with the working and auxiliary contact can be arranged spatially separated from the safety switching device. Alternatively, however, the electromechanical switch can also be arranged inside the safety switching device or the housing.
- DE 199 54 460 A1 discloses a safety switching device for switching on and off safely an electrical consumer, in particular an electrically driven machine, with a first and a second electromechanical switching element whose working contacts are connected in series with each other between a first input terminal and a first Output terminal of the switching device are arranged.
- each of the two switching elements has an auxiliary contact, which is forcibly guided with the respective working contacts.
- the auxiliary contacts of the two switching elements are also connected in series with each other. With the help of a current that is passed through the auxiliary contacts, it is therefore possible to check the switching position of the normally open contacts of the switching elements, without interfering directly with the working group of the switching elements.
- a safety switching device may be, for example, a safety switching device for a configurable or programmable controller. It may be a safety switch for a configurable controller such as that sold by the assignee of the present invention under the trademark PNOZ®, or a programmable controller safety switch such as those assigned to the assignee of the present invention under the trademark PSS® sells, or one of these similar. Under configurable here is to understand the adjustment or setting of a hardware component of the controller, such as a wiring. Programmable here is to understand the adaptation or setting of a software component of the controller, for example by means of a programming language.
- PSSuniversal, Programmable control Systems PSS®, System Description - no. No. 21256-EN-04 Disloses a safety switching device sold by the assignee of the present invention under the trademark PSS® This device has a feedback loop input (RFK input) and a feedback loop logic (RFK logic).
- this object is achieved by a safety switching device of the type mentioned above, arranged in the auxiliary contact current path switching element, wherein the fail-safe control / evaluation unit is designed to generate a switching signal at a switching signal time with a time interval at the output signal timing, and wherein the fail-safe control / evaluation unit has a second output for transmitting the switching signal to the switching element, which is designed to switch the current through the auxiliary contact current path upon receipt of the switching signal.
- this object is achieved by a method for operating a control / evaluation unit of a safety switching device of the type mentioned above, comprising the following steps: generating a switching signal at a switching signal time with a time interval to the output signal Time, and at a second output of the control / evaluation Transmitting the switching signal to a arranged in the auxiliary contact current path switching element, which is designed to switch upon receiving the switching signal, the current through the auxiliary contact current path.
- the new safety switching device thus uses an additional switching element in the auxiliary contact current path or circuit, which is controlled by the control / evaluation unit.
- the switching element is arranged in particular in series with the auxiliary contact.
- switching the switching element can be achieved so that only at certain times a current flows in the auxiliary contact current path, and not permanently.
- the current in the auxiliary contact current path can therefore only be switched on when needed. This leads to a lower power consumption and / or heat development in the auxiliary contact current path, for example via a load element.
- a more energy-efficient or energy-efficient safety switching device is provided.
- the new safety switching device the new safety switching system and the new method therefore allow increased energy savings and energy efficiency.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit is formed when it generates the output signal in the form of a switch-on signal for switching on the technical system to a first output signal time, the switching signal in the form of a switch-on to turn on the switching element a first switching signal timing, which is before the first output signal time to produce.
- a current through the auxiliary contact current path only briefly flow to or before switching on the technical system.
- the current flows only when it is needed, as for checking the switching position of the normally open contact or switching on the technical system or dangerous machine. Only a used power consumption and / or heat generation when switching on the technical system is achieved.
- the switching element is in particular designed to switch on the current through the auxiliary contact current path upon receiving the switching signal.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit is designed to generate a further switching signal in the form of a switch-off signal for switching off the switching element to a further switching signal time, which is after the first output signal time.
- the switching element is switched off again after it is no longer needed. This leads to a further reduced power consumption and / or heat efficiency, in particular when still other elements are driven by the switching element, such as multiple auxiliary contact current paths of the plurality of electromechanical switches.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit is formed when it generates the output signal in the form of a switch-off signal for switching off the technical system to a second output signal, the switching signal in the form of a switch-off signal for switching off the switching element to a second switching signal timing, which is after the second output signal time to produce.
- a current can be supplied to the auxiliary contact current path only briefly to or after switching off the system.
- the current therefore flows only when it is needed, for example, to check the switching position of Working contact or read back after switching off the machine. There is thus provided a reduced power consumption and / or heat generation when switching off the machine.
- the switching element is in particular designed to switch off the current through the auxiliary contact current path upon receipt of the switch-off signal.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit is designed to generate a further switching signal in the form of a turn-on signal for switching on the switching element to a further switching signal time, which is before the second output signal time.
- the switching element is turned on again before it is needed again, so it is provided a further reduced power consumption and / or heat development, especially if other elements are controlled by the switching element, such as multiple auxiliary contact current paths of the plurality of electromechanical Switch.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation has at least two first outputs for transmitting in each case an output signal to a respective electromechanical switch, wherein in particular the switching element is arranged in each of the auxiliary contact current paths of the auxiliary contacts of the electromechanical switch.
- a single switching element is used for auxiliary contact current paths of several electromechanical switches. It provides a simple and inexpensive implementation.
- This embodiment can be used in particular in connection with the above-mentioned re-switching after the power is needed and / or the above-mentioned restarting when the power is needed again. In this case, even lower power consumption and / or heat efficiency is achieved.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation has at least two first outputs for transmitting in each case an output signal in each case to an electromechanical switch, wherein in particular the safety switching device has at least two switching elements, each of which is arranged in one of the auxiliary contact current paths of the auxiliary contact current paths of the auxiliary contacts of the electromechanical switches.
- one switching element is used for each auxiliary contact current path of each of a plurality of electromechanical switches.
- the power consumption or the energy can be lowered so maximally.
- the safety switching device has a read-back logic with an input connected to the auxiliary contact current input for receiving a read-back signal for checking the switching position of the normally-open contact.
- the read-back logic can be implemented in the control / evaluation unit or in a separate processing unit. Before the read-back logic, a read-back circuit may be connected, which has a voltage adjustment and / or a filter.
- the remindleselogik is designed to check the switching position of the normally open contact to a first read-back time, which is before the first output signal time, in particular after the first switching signal time.
- the electromechanical switch before switching on the technical system is possible. It can be checked whether the normally closed contact is or is switched on and, for example, not welded.
- the first readback time may lie between the first switch signal time and the first output signal time. It will be like that Period used in which the switching element is turned on, but the auxiliary contact is not yet open.
- the remindleselogik is designed to check the switching position of the normally open contact to a second readback time, which is after the second output signal time, in particular before the second switching signal time.
- the second readback time may in particular be between the second output signal time and the second switch signal time. It is used as the period in which the switching element is turned on and the auxiliary contact is opened again.
- the safety switching device has a loading element arranged in the auxiliary contact current path for setting a defined current through the auxiliary contact current path with a defined defined voltage.
- a defined current can be provided in the auxiliary contact current path, in particular corresponding to or exceeding a minimum current or a minimum power. Only when this minimum current or minimum power is present or exceeded can a low-resistance contact resistance of the auxiliary contact be guaranteed. There is therefore provided improved contact security.
- the minimum current or the minimum power is a property of the respective auxiliary contact, which can be specified by the manufacturer of the electromechanical switch, for example.
- the load element can in particular be dimensioned such that the minimum current and / or the minimum power is guaranteed. The power consumption and / or the thermal efficiency of the loading element is dependent on the selected load element.
- the loading element may in particular be a load resistance. It provides a simple and inexpensive way to define the defined current. Alternatively, however, can any other suitable loading element may be used, such as a current sink (eg electronic load).
- the switching element is an electronic switching element, in particular a transistor.
- the switching element or the transistor switches much faster than the electromechanical switch.
- the time interval between the switching signal time and the output signal time can thus be much smaller than the maximum switching frequency of the electromechanical switch.
- the safety switching device has the electromechanical switch.
- the electromechanical switch is part of the safety switching device.
- the electromechanical switch can be arranged within the housing of the safety switching device.
- the safety switching device can be connected directly to the load circuit.
- the safety switching device has a arranged on a housing of the safety switching device and connected to the first output output terminal for driving the electromechanical switch.
- the electromechanical switch is not part of the safety switching device or not disposed within the housing ofbutschaltvomchtung. It will be an indirect on or off the technical facility allows.
- the electromechanical switch can be arranged in a separate from the safety switching device spatially separated or separate switching device.
- the safety switching device and the switching device then together form the safety switching system.
- the spatially separated switching device may comprise an input terminal arranged on a housing of the switching device for receiving the output signal.
- Fig. 9 is a simplified representation of a sixth embodiment of the new safety switching device.
- a technical system 10 is provided with an embodiment of the safety switching device 1 for fail-safe switching on or off of the technical or hazardous system 10.
- the system 10 includes, by way of example, a robot 12 whose movements during operation constitute a danger to persons who are in the working area of the robot 12. For this reason, the working area of the robot 12 is secured with a protective fence with a protective door 14.
- the protective door 14 allows access to the working area of the robot 12, for example for maintenance or set-up. In normal operation, however, the robot 12 may only operate when the protective door 14 is closed. Once the guard door 14 is opened, the robot 12 must be turned off or otherwise brought to a safe condition.
- the safety switching device 1 in this embodiment has an I / O part 24 having a plurality of terminals (or external or device terminals) 25.
- the terminals 25a, 25b are terminals or field terminals which are on a housing side of the housing 27 of the safety switching device 1 are arranged. For example, it may be spring terminals or screw terminals.
- the terminals may be plugs or sockets that include a plurality of contact elements (pins), with one pin each forming a terminal.
- pins contact elements
- five-pin M8 sockets are used to connect signaling devices or other field-level sensors.
- embodiments of the new safety switching device can be or include field devices which are arranged outside a control cabinet in spatial proximity to the robot 12.
- the safety switching device 1 has a fail-safe control / evaluation unit 28.
- the safety switching device 1 has in this embodiment, two redundant signal processing channels.
- two processing units or microcontrollers 28a, 28b are shown here, which are each connected to the I / O part 24 or the connections 25a, 25b.
- the microcontroller 28a, 28b process here redundant to each other at the inputs 34a, 34 b applied input signals that receives the safety switching device 1 to the device terminals 25a, 25b and inputs of the I / O portion 24, and they compare their results, which an arrow 29 is shown.
- microcontrollers 28a, 28b microprocessors, ASICs, FPGAs, and / or other signal processing circuitry may be used.
- embodiments of the safety switching device 1 preferably have at least two mutually redundant signal processing channels, which are each capable of carrying out logical signal connections in order to produce an output signal depending on an output 36a, 36b.
- This output signal is then used to drive a switching element 30a, 30b or an electromechanical switch 40a, 40b to switch off the technical system 10 or the robot 12.
- Such a safety switching device 1 can then be used for fail-safe (FS) shutdown of the system 10, here the robot 12.
- the safety switching device 1 has two redundant switching elements 30a, 30b, here electronic switching elements 30a, 30b in the form of a transistor.
- Each of these two switching elements is capable of switching on a high voltage potential V to a device connection 38a, 38b of the safety switching device 1 in order to enable a current flow to an electromechanical switch 40a, 40b or to interrupt this current flow.
- each of the switching elements 30 can switch off an electromechanical switch 40, such as a contactor.
- the electromechanical switches 40a, 40b each have a normally open contact 42a, 42b.
- the normally open contacts 42a, 42b are arranged here in series with one another in a power supply path or load circuit 49 from a power supply 48 to the robot 12.
- the electromechanical switches 40a, 40b also each have an auxiliary contact 44a, 44b, which is forcibly guided to the corresponding normally open contact 42a, 42b.
- the auxiliary contacts 44a, 44b are arranged here in series with each other in an auxiliary contact current path 45 with an applied voltage V1.
- the voltage V1 of the auxiliary circuit may be 24 V, for example.
- the voltage of the load circuit can be higher.
- the safety switching device 1 switches off the electromechanical switches 40a, 40b, the working contacts 42 drop out and the power supply for the robot 12 is switched off.
- a "radical" shutdown is exemplified herein. Deviating from this, in the case of a safety requirement, only parts of the robot 12 can be switched off, such as the dangerous drives, while other parts of the robot 12 remain functional. A delayed shutdown is also conceivable, so that the robot 12 may possibly be braked controlled before switching off the drives.
- the safety switching device 1 controls the switching elements 30a, 30b here, for example, depending on the input signal of the safety door switch on the line 19 at the terminal or input 25a and in response to another input signal from an emergency stop button 32 at the port or entrance 25b at.
- the emergency stop button 32 is connected via lines with device connections of the safety switching device 1.
- each of the input signals may be redundant or two input and output lines or connections may be provided in each case. be seen (not shown in Fig. 1).
- two input lines or inputs 25b may be provided for the emergency stop button 32, each supplying an input signal from the emergency stop button 32. The same applies to the signal of the safety door switch.
- the safety switching device 1 generates output signals which are fed to the individual signaling devices.
- an output signal is led via a line 33 to the frame part 18 of the safety door switch.
- the frame member 18 grinds the output signal of the safety switching device 1 from the line 33 to the line 19 when the door part 16 is in the vicinity of the frame part 18, that is, when the protective door 14 is closed. Therefore, the safety switching device 1 can monitor the safety door switch with the aid of the output signal on the line 33 and with the aid of the input signal on the line 19. In a comparable manner, the safety switching device 1 here monitors the emergency stop button 32.
- two redundant output signals of the safety switching device 1 are often used in practice, which are each guided via a separate signal line to a signaling device and are looped back to the safety switching device 1 via this signaling device.
- the emergency stop button 32 is often monitored in practice with redundant input and output lines, as mentioned above.
- Fig. 2 shows a simplified representation of a first embodiment of the new safety switching device 1, for example, the safety switching device described with reference to FIG. 1.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit 28 has a first input 34 for receiving an input signal and is configured to process the input signal to produce an output signal A for switching the technical system 10 on or off depending on an output signal time.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit 28 has a first output 36 for transmitting the output signal A to an electromechanical switch 40
- FIG. 2 shows a corresponding connection or line between the first output 36 and the electromechanical switch 40.
- the electromechanical switch 40 has a normally open contact 42 for switching a load circuit 49 of the technical system 10 and a positively driven auxiliary contact 44 in an auxiliary contact current path 45.
- a current can be conducted via the auxiliary contact 44 or the auxiliary contact current path 45 at an applied defined voltage V1 (eg 24 V) for checking the switching position of the normally open contact 42.
- V1 eg 24 V
- This can be done, for example, by a readback logic which has a second input connected to the auxiliary contact current path 45 58 for receiving a readback signal for checking the switching position of the normally open contact 44 has.
- a connection or line from the auxiliary contact current path 45 to the second input 58 is provided for this purpose. It is possible to check whether the normally open contact 40 is working or welded properly.
- the readback logic is implemented in the control / evaluation unit 28. Alternatively, the readback logic may also be implemented in a separate processing unit.
- the safety switching device 1 includes a switching element 50 arranged in the auxiliary contact current path 45.
- the switching element 50 is arranged in series with the auxiliary contact 44. Therefore, the current in the auxiliary contact current path is interrupted as soon as either the auxiliary contact 44 or the switching element 50 is opened. The current in the auxiliary contact current path only flows when both the auxiliary contact 44 and the switching element 50 are closed.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit 28 is designed to generate a switching signal S at a switching signal time with a time interval to the output signal time.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit 28 has a second output 52 for transmitting the switching signal S to the switching element 50, which is designed to switch the current through the auxiliary contact current path 45 when the switching signal S is received.
- the safety switching device 1 thus uses an additional switching element 50 in the auxiliary contact current path 45, which is controlled by the control / evaluation unit 28.
- switching of the switching element 50 can be achieved so that only at certain times a current in the auxiliary contact current path 45 flows, and not permanently.
- the time interval may, in particular, be It may be small enough so that no delay of the switching operation of the electromechanical switch 40 occurs and / or be large enough so that a significant current in the auxiliary contact current path 45 can flow, such as to check the switching position of the normally open contact 42 and for a readback signal needed.
- the time interval between the switching signal time and the output signal time can be, for example, in the microsecond range, for example between 1 and 100 msec, in particular between 10 and 50 msec, in particular between 20 and 40 msec.
- the switching element 50 is an electronic switching element in the form of a transistor.
- the transistor 50 can switch much faster than the electromechanical switch 40.
- the time interval between the switching signal timing and the output signal timing can thus be much smaller than the maximum switching frequency of the electromechanical switch 40. It will be understood by those skilled in the art Also, another suitable type of switching element can be used.
- the safety switching device 1 has a loading element 54 arranged in the auxiliary contact current path 45 for defining a defined current through the auxiliary contact current path 45 when the defined voltage V1 is applied. It is thus possible to provide or guarantee a minimum current or a minimum power of the auxiliary contact 44 in the auxiliary contact current path 45. Only when the minimum current or the minimum power is present or exceeded can a low-resistance contact resistance of the auxiliary contact 44 be guaranteed.
- the loading element 54 can in particular be dimensioned such that the minimum current and / or the minimum power is ensured.
- the loading element 54 is a load resistance. Alternatively, however, any other suitable loading element may be used, such as a current sink (eg, electronic load).
- the loading element can also be realized in a read-back circuit.
- the read-back circuit would be designed to set the defined current or the minimum current or minimum power.
- Fig. 3 shows a simplified representation of a second embodiment of the new safety switching device. The second embodiment of FIG. 3 is based on the first embodiment of FIG. 2, so that the comments on the embodiment of FIG. 2 also apply to the embodiment of FIG. 3.
- the transistor 50 is disposed in the auxiliary contact current path 45 above or before the auxiliary contact 44, and not below or after, as in FIG. 2.
- Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these arrangements of the switching element or transistor in the auxiliary contact current path are interchangeable are.
- a read-back circuit 56 is additionally connected in front of the read-back logic (here in the control / evaluation unit 28).
- the read-back circuit includes, for example, a voltage adjustment for converting the voltage V1 of the auxiliary current path 45 into a voltage suitable for the input 58 of the read-back logic or the control / evaluation unit 28.
- the readback circuit also includes, for example, a filter such as a low pass filter for filtering a possible bounce of the auxiliary contact 44.
- FIG. 4 shows diagrams of the time profile of states of various elements of the safety switching device 1 according to a circuit diagram, in particular the safety switching device 1 described above with reference to FIG. 2 or FIG. 3.
- FIG. 4 a shows the course over the time t of the switching state ST 42 of the normally open contact 42 or of the output signal A.
- the term output signal A is to be understood here in particular as a change or an edge in the switching state ST42.
- FIG. 4b shows the course over the time t of the switching state ST44 of the positively driven auxiliary contact 44 .
- FIG. 4 c shows the course over the time t of the switching state ST 50 of the switching element 50 or of the switching signal S.
- the term switching signal S is to be understood here in particular as meaning a change or an edge in the switching state ST50.
- the state 0 indicates the open state of the contact or switching element, respectively
- the state 1 indicates the closed state of the contact or switching element, respectively.
- the profile over the time t of the power loss P V 5 4 is shown above the loading element 54.
- the output signal A is in the form of a first output signal instant t1 a turn-on signal A1 to turn on the technical system generated.
- the switch-on signal is shown here in the form of a positive edge or a change from state 0 (open) to state 1 (closed).
- the normally open contact 42 is thus closed, as a result of which the positively driven auxiliary contact 44 is opened, as can be seen in the switching state ST44 of FIG. 4b.
- the technical system is now turned on due to the closed by the contact 42 load circuit.
- the output signal A in the form of a switch-off signal A2 for switching off the technical system is then generated at a second output signal instant t2.
- the switch-off signal is shown here in the form of a negative edge or a change from state 1 (closed) to state 0 (open).
- the normally open contact 42 is therefore opened again, as a result of which the positively driven auxiliary contact 44 is closed again, as can be seen in the switching state ST44 of FIG. 4b.
- the technical system is now switched off again due to the opened by the normally open contact 42 load circuit.
- a switching signal S at a switching signal timing t3, t4 at a time interval At3, At4 at the output timing t1, t2, as shown in Fig. 4c.
- the switching signal S is then transmitted to the arranged in the auxiliary contact current path 45 switching element 50, which is designed upon receipt of the switching signal S to switch the current through the auxiliary contact current path 45.
- the switching signal S in the form of a turn-on signal S1 for turning on the Switching element 50 at a first switching signal time t3, which is before the first output signal time t4 generated.
- the switching element 50 switches off the current through the auxiliary contact current path 45 upon receipt of the switch-off signal S1.
- the time interval between the first switching signal time t3 and the first output time t1 is marked with At3.
- the current in the auxiliary contact current path thus flows only between the first switching signal time t3, when the switching element 50 is closed when the auxiliary contact 44 is closed, and the first output signal time A1, when the auxiliary contact 44 is opened.
- the current through the auxiliary contact current path can thus flow only briefly to or before switching on the technical system.
- a power dissipation P V 5 4 across the loading element 54 can therefore only occur between the first switching signal time t3 and the first output signal time t1, as can be seen in FIG. 4d.
- the switching signal S in the form of a switch-off signal S2 to turn off the switching element 50 at a second switching signal time t4, after the second Output time t3 is generated.
- the switching element 50 turns on receiving the turn-on signal S2, the current through the auxiliary contact current path 45 a.
- the time interval between the second output signal time t2 and the second switching signal time t4 is marked with At4.
- the current in the auxiliary contact current path flows only between the second output signal time t2 when the auxiliary contact 44 is closed when the switching element 50 is closed, and the second switching signal time t4 when the switching element 50 is opened.
- the current over the auxiliary contact current path can thus flow only briefly to or after switching off the technical system.
- a power loss P V 5 4 above the loading element 54 can therefore only occur between the second switch-off time t 2 and the second switch signal time t 4 , as can be seen in FIG. 4 d.
- Fig. 5 shows diagrams of the time history of states of various elements of the safety switching device according to another circuit diagram.
- the circuit diagram of FIG. 5 is based on the circuit diagram of FIG. 4, so that the embodiments of the circuit diagram of FIG. 4 also apply to the circuit diagram of FIG. 5.
- FIG. 5a the course over the time t of the switching state ST42 of the normally open contact 42 and the output signal A
- Fig. 4b the course over the time t of the switching state ST44 of the positively driven auxiliary contact 44 is shown.
- FIG. 5c shows the readback times t RL of the readback logic.
- FIG. 5d shows the course over the time t of the switching state ST50 of the switching element 50 or of the switching signal S
- FIG. 5e shows the course over the time t of the power loss P V 5 4 across the loading element 54.
- the time interval between the first output signal time t1 and the further switch signal time t5 is marked At5.
- the switching element 50 is turned off again after it is no longer needed.
- a further switching signal S in the form of a switch-on signal S1 for switching on the switching element 50 at a further switching signal time t6, which lies before the second output signal time t2, is also generated.
- the time interval between the further switching signal time t6 and the second output signal time t2 is marked with At6.
- the switching element 50 is turned on again before it is needed again.
- the switching element 50 is thus switched off after switching on the system, and turned on again before the system is turned off.
- the switching element 50 is turned off in the period between the further switching signal time t5 and the further switching signal time t6.
- This circuit diagram with the further switching signal instants t5, t6 is particularly advantageous when other elements are actuated by the switching element 50, such as a plurality of auxiliary contact trumps in the case of several electromechanical switches, as will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG ,
- the switching position ST42 of the normally open contact 42 is checked by the remindleselogik to a first readback time t RL i, which is before the first output signal time t1. It is possible to check the electromechanical switch 40 or the normally open contact 42 before switching on the technical system. It can be checked whether the normally open contact 42 is turned on or turned on and, for example, not welded.
- the first Readback time t RL i is also after the first switching signal time t3. In other words, the first readback time t RL i is between the first switching signal time t3 and the first output signal time t1. The period in which the switching element 50 is turned on and the auxiliary contact 44 is not yet open, is used for reading back.
- the switching position ST42 can additionally be checked by the readback logic at a further readback time t RL 3, as shown in FIG. 5c. It can thus be ensured that the switching position ST42 has actually changed or a positive edge is present.
- the switching position of the normally open contact 42 is checked by the read-back logic at a second read-back time t RL 2, which lies after the second output signal time t 2. It is possible to check the electromechanical switch 40 or the normally open contact 42 after switching off the technical system. It can be checked so that the normally open contact 42 has risen or turned off and, for example, not welded.
- the second readback time t RL 2 is also before the second switching signal time t4. In other words, the second readback time t RL 2 is between the second output signal time t2 and the second switching signal time t4. The period in which the switching element 50 is turned on and the auxiliary contact 44 is opened again, is used for read-back.
- the readback logic can be designed for cyclically checking the switching position ST42 of the normally open contact. For example, a read back time may occur at least once per cycle. The switching state of the normally open contact can thus be detected at least once per cycle.
- a programmable controller such as that sold by the assignee of the present invention under the trademark PSS®.
- PSS® programmable logic controller
- the communication can be cyclical.
- FIG. 6 shows a simplified representation of a third exemplary embodiment of the new safety switching device 1, and FIG.
- the safety switching device 1 includes the electromechanical switch 40.
- the electromechanical switch 40 with its normally open contact 42 and auxiliary contact 44 is thus part of the safety switching device.
- the electromechanical switch 40 is arranged inside the housing 27 of the safety switching device 1.
- the safety switching device 1 can be connected directly to the load circuit 49.
- the safety switching device 1 has a arranged on the housing 27 of the safety switching device 1 and connected to the first output 36 output terminal 38 for driving the electromechanical switch 40.
- the electromechanical switch 40 is therefore not part of the Safety switching device 1 or not within the housing 27 of the safety switching device 1 is arranged.
- the electromechanical switch 40 is arranged with its normally open contact 42 and auxiliary contact 44 in a switching device 60 arranged spatially separated from the safety switching device 1. It is thus an indirect switching on or off of the technical system by the safety switching device 1 allows.
- the safety switching device 1 and the switching device 60 together constitute the safety switching system.
- the spatially separated switching device 60 has a arranged on a housing 67 of the switching device 60 input terminal 61 for receiving the output signal A and the resulting voltage potential V from the device port 38 of the safety switching device first
- the switching device 60 further comprises the loading element 54. It should be understood that the loading element can alternatively also be arranged in the safety switching device 1.
- the safety switching device 1 has in this embodiment, an input 39 for receiving the switched by the auxiliary contact 44 voltage potential V1.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit 28 is shown as one unit in the preceding embodiments of FIGS. 2 to 7, it should be understood that the control / evaluation unit 28 may generally also include at least two processing units or microcontrollers 28a, 28b redundant to each other can process the input signal, as explained with reference to FIG. 1.
- each control / evaluation unit 28 then has two first outputs 36a, 36b for transmitting an output signal A to an electromechanical switch 40a, 40b, respectively.
- the normally open contacts 42a, 42b of the electromechanical switches 40a, 40b are usually connected in series with each other in a load circuit 49, and the auxiliary contacts 44a, 44b are connected in series in an auxiliary contact current path 45, as explained with reference to FIG.
- the electromechanical switches 40a, 40b are therefore driven redundantly to each other. This is done via the redundant outputs 36a, 36b of the control / evaluation unit.
- the outputs of the control / evaluation unit can also be two logically separate outputs, as explained below with reference to FIG. 8 or FIG. 9.
- the fail-safe control / evaluation unit 28 has at least two first outputs 36a, 36b for transmitting in each case one output signal Aa, Ab to a respective electromechanical switch 40a, 40b.
- the first outputs 36a, 36b are in the embodiment of FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 two logically separated outputs. In this case, the normally open contacts 42a, 42b and the auxiliary contacts 44a, 44b are not connected in series with each other.
- Each auxiliary contact 44a, 44b is arranged here in its own auxiliary contact current path 45a, 45b, as can be seen in FIG. 8 or FIG.
- Each normally open contact 42a, 42b is arranged in a separate load circuit.
- the working contacts 42a, 42b are checked individually or independently of each other.
- second inputs 58a, 58b of the read-back logic or of the control / evaluation unit 28 are provided. see.
- the second inputs 58a, 58b each receive a readback signal for checking the switching position of one of the normally open contacts 42a, 42b.
- the switching element 50 is disposed in each of the auxiliary contact current paths 45a, 45b of the auxiliary contacts 44a, 44b of the electromechanical switches 40a, 40b.
- the switching element 50 is arranged both in the first auxiliary contact current path 45a with the first auxiliary contact 44a and in the second auxiliary contact current path 45b with the second auxiliary contact 44b.
- a single switching element 50 is used for the two auxiliary contact current paths 45a, 45b of the two electromechanical switches 40a, 40b.
- the switching element 50 is arranged here between the defined voltage V1 and the two auxiliary contacts 44a, 44b.
- the safety switching device 1 has two switching elements 50a, 50b, which are arranged in one of the auxiliary contact current paths 45a, 45b auxiliary contact current paths 45a, 45b of the auxiliary contacts 44a, 44b of the electromechanical switches 40a, 40b.
- the first switching element 50a is disposed in the first auxiliary contact current path 45a with the first auxiliary contact 44a
- the second switching element 50b is disposed in the second auxiliary contact current path 45b with the second auxiliary contact 44b.
- one switching element 50a, 50b is used for each auxiliary contact current path 45a, 45b of each of the two electromechanical switches 40a, 40b.
Landscapes
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201210103015 DE102012103015B4 (de) | 2012-04-05 | 2012-04-05 | Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung mit Schaltelement im Hilfskontaktstrompfad |
PCT/EP2013/056517 WO2013149905A1 (de) | 2012-04-05 | 2013-03-27 | Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung mit schaltelement im hilfskontaktstrompfad |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2834826A1 true EP2834826A1 (de) | 2015-02-11 |
EP2834826B1 EP2834826B1 (de) | 2016-05-11 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP13715636.0A Active EP2834826B1 (de) | 2012-04-05 | 2013-03-27 | Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung mit schaltelement im hilfskontaktstrompfad |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9852852B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2834826B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6316278B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN104272420B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102012103015B4 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1204141A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013149905A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9812898B2 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2017-11-07 | Christopher W. Spivey | Backup power source for providing a fail-safe actuation of an electric actuator |
DE102014117280A1 (de) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-05-25 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sicherheitsschaltgerät zum Ein- und sicheren Ausschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers |
DE102016102150A1 (de) | 2016-02-08 | 2017-08-10 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung |
US11209789B2 (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2021-12-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Safety switching device and safety-related device |
US10360790B2 (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2019-07-23 | Banner Engineering Corp. | Safety touch button system having an intercommunications link |
DE102016109915A1 (de) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-11-30 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zum fehlersicheren Abschalten eines Verbrauchers |
EP3410458B1 (de) * | 2017-06-02 | 2019-05-22 | Sick AG | Modulare sicherheitsrelaisschaltung zum sicheren ein- und/oder ausschalten zumindest einer maschine |
EP3557113A1 (de) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-23 | EUCHNER GmbH + Co. KG | Sicherheitsschalter |
DE102018114781A1 (de) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-24 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schaltungsanordnung zum Schalten einer elektrischen Last und Verfahren zur Überprüfung eines Status eines Sicherheitsausgangs einer Schaltungsanordnung |
JP7157491B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-30 | 2022-10-20 | ワット・フューエル・セル・コーポレイション | 燃料消費装置用の安全制御システムと方法 |
DE102019110066A1 (de) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-22 | Sick Ag | Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung mit einer Vielzahl von Schalterelementen zum Einstellen mindestens eines Betriebsparameters |
JP7332061B2 (ja) | 2020-11-20 | 2023-08-23 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | 車両のフレーム構造 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19944461C1 (de) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-01-11 | Siemens Ag | Überwachungsverfahren für ein elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät und hiermit korrespondierendes elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät |
DE19954460C2 (de) * | 1999-11-12 | 2002-02-28 | Pilz Gmbh & Co | Sicherheitsschaltgerät zum Ein- und sicheren Ausschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers, insbesondere einer elektrisch angetriebenen Maschine |
DE10037383A1 (de) * | 2000-08-01 | 2002-02-21 | Pilz Gmbh & Co | Sicherheitsschaltgerät zum sicheren Abschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers, insbesondere einer elektrisch angetriebenen Maschine |
DE10216226A1 (de) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-30 | Pilz Gmbh & Co | Vorrichtung zum fehlersicheren Abschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers, insbesondere in industriellen Produktionsanlagen |
DE102004020995C5 (de) * | 2004-04-19 | 2016-12-08 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Meldegerät für eine Sicherheitsschaltung |
DE502005009527D1 (de) | 2004-04-19 | 2010-06-17 | Pilz Gmbh & Co Kg | Meldegerät für eine sicherheitsschaltung |
DE102004033359A1 (de) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-02-09 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zum fehlersicheren Abschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers, insbesondere einer elektrisch angetriebenen Maschine |
DE102005014125A1 (de) * | 2005-03-22 | 2006-09-28 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung zum sicheren Abschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers |
DE102005014122A1 (de) * | 2005-03-22 | 2006-09-28 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung zum sicheren Abschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers |
EP2053625A1 (de) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-04-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schalteinrichtung |
DE102007052512B3 (de) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-09 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Steuereinrichtung für eine Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung, Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung, Verwendung einer Steuereinrichtung und Verfahren zum Steuern einer Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung |
-
2012
- 2012-04-05 DE DE201210103015 patent/DE102012103015B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-03-27 JP JP2015503824A patent/JP6316278B2/ja active Active
- 2013-03-27 EP EP13715636.0A patent/EP2834826B1/de active Active
- 2013-03-27 WO PCT/EP2013/056517 patent/WO2013149905A1/de active Application Filing
- 2013-03-27 CN CN201380024217.XA patent/CN104272420B/zh active Active
-
2014
- 2014-10-02 US US14/504,851 patent/US9852852B2/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-05-15 HK HK15104625.8A patent/HK1204141A1/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2013149905A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HK1204141A1 (zh) | 2015-11-06 |
DE102012103015B4 (de) | 2013-12-05 |
EP2834826B1 (de) | 2016-05-11 |
JP2015519632A (ja) | 2015-07-09 |
CN104272420A (zh) | 2015-01-07 |
US9852852B2 (en) | 2017-12-26 |
JP6316278B2 (ja) | 2018-04-25 |
DE102012103015A1 (de) | 2013-10-10 |
WO2013149905A1 (de) | 2013-10-10 |
US20150015089A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
CN104272420B (zh) | 2017-04-12 |
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