EP2821585B1 - Drilling device and drilling method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a drilling device with a rotatably drivable drill string with an inner line, a support cable, a arranged between the drill string and the support cable pivot, which has a standing in contact with the support member and a holding member connected to the rotatable drill string rotary member, a line and a rotary union configured to pass fluid and / or data between the conduit and the inner conduit of the drill string, the rotary union having a rotor connected to the drill string and a non-rotating stator to which the fluid conduit is connected according to , Preamble of claim 1.

The invention further relates to a drilling method in which a drill string is rotationally driven with an inner cavity, the drill string is suspended from a support rope and rotatably supported thereon by a pivot and fluid and / or data between the inner conduit of the drill string and a conduit by means of a rotary union is passed, wherein the rotary feedthrough having a rotor connected to the drill string and a stator connected to the line.

For certain drilling methods, it is necessary to introduce fluid into the borehole via an internal cavity of the tubular drill pipe or to discharge it from the borehole. For supply or discharge of a fluid at the upper end of the drill string a rotary feedthrough for a fluid, also called rinsing, arranged. The rotary feedthrough has a fixedly connected to the rotating drill pipe rotor, which is usually mounted in a sleeve as a stator. To the Stator the outside line is connected, for example, to supply flushing fluid from the outside into the well or drain flushing fluid with cuttings from the drill string to the outside. In order to prevent the outer pipe from rotating by the rotating drill pipe, a torque support is provided for the stator. The torque-assisted ensures that the stator is stationary relative to the rotating rotor.

Typically, the torque-assisted rotatably connects the stator to the drill. From the EP 0 645 519 A1 It is known to firmly couple the stator of the rotary feedthrough a sleeve-shaped anti-rotation device and a rod-shaped torque arm with the drill slide and so to ensure a torque support. However, such a torque support requires appropriate space above the drill string and can hinder work in this area. Also a synchronous movement with the drill carriage is possible.

Next it is from the EP 2 295 645 A1 known to compensate for a rotation of the stator of a rotary feedthrough by a separate rotary drive. For this purpose, a control is necessary, which detects a rotation of the position and controls a corresponding counter-rotation. As a result, the torque arm can be omitted. This solution is associated with an additional expense for the rotary drive and the controller.

Furthermore, it is known to transmit data or electrical current to the rotating drill pipe by means of a rotary feedthrough with sliding contacts from an external pipe.

The invention has for its object to provide a drilling device in which an efficient and reliable torque support of the rotary feedthrough is ensured.

The object is achieved by a drilling apparatus having the features of claim 1 and a drilling method according to claim 11. Preferred embodiments of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims.

The drilling device according to the invention is characterized in that the support cable is designed torsionally rigid and that a rigid connecting element as a torque arm is arranged between the stator of the rotary feedthrough and the torsionally rigid support cable.

A basic idea of the invention is not to support the torque at the stator of the rotating union with respect to a rigid component of the drilling device, such as the mast, the drill sled or the drill, but on the flexible support cable. The invention is based on the recognition that the support cable for winding and unwinding of a winch drum must be flexible only in the axial cable longitudinal direction. According to the invention, however, the carrying cable is torsionally rigid in a circumferential direction relative to the cable longitudinal axis. In this way, the torque can be supported on the stator directly opposite the support cable and absorbed by the latter. In this case, the rotary feedthrough is arranged with the stator spatially close to the supporting cable at the lower end. Thus, a rigid connecting element can be made relatively small as a torque arm. In addition, the rotary feedthrough of the lifting movement of the support cable follows, so that no significant obstruction in the operation of the drilling device or in the implementation of the drilling process occurs by this torque arm. The torque arm can be connected directly to the suspension rope or a non-rotatably attached part.

The support cable is preferably a steel cable, which is torsionally or torsionally stiff. For the purposes of the invention, suspension cable may also be a chain of chain links, which are connected to one another in such a way that, although they can be wound up, they are torsionally stiff or torsionally stiff.

The stator and the rotor can be designed as desired to form a rotary feedthrough. A particularly robust arrangement is achieved according to the invention in that the stator of the rotary feedthrough is sleeve-shaped and that on the outside of the sleeve-shaped stator, the line is connected. The outer line preferably runs parallel to the carrying cable upwards via a mast head and is arranged on a rotatable cable drum. To this is then connected according to about a fluid reservoir. The fluid in the sense of the invention can generally be a medium, in particular flushing liquid, curable suspension, hydraulic fluid or compressed air, but also electric current, which are supplied from outside via the line into the borehole. However, the fluid line can also serve as a discharge line to drain, for example, drilling fluid with cuttings over the interior of the drill pipe and the rotary feedthrough to the outside to a collecting container. The rotary feedthrough can also have a contact ring for transmitting data or current, against which sliding contacts are present as a counterpart.

Furthermore, a preferred embodiment of the invention is that the rotor of the rotary feedthrough is formed in a shaft-shaped manner with a central channel, which is connected via at least one radial channel with the line. The shaft-shaped rotor is preferably rotatably mounted in the sleeve-shaped stator, wherein between the rotor and stator a circumferentially extending annular channel is formed. About a radial access channel liquid can be passed approximately from the fluid line in this annular channel. Via the annular channel, the fluid can be conducted to the central center channel of the rotor via one or more radial channels. The center channel is in line connection with the inner channel-like cavity of the drill pipe, which forms the inner pipe. Thus, fluid may be passed externally via the drill pipe to a downhole drilling tool at the lower end of the drill pipe to cool it and to flush out finished soil material. In principle, a curable suspension for creating a foundation element can be introduced into the borehole. Instead of or in the channels, data / power cables may be provided.

According to one embodiment variant of the invention, it is advantageous for the rotor to have a connection section for the rotationally fixed fastening of the drill pipe. The connection section may in particular be a flange, via which the drill string can be detachably connected to the rotor.

In principle, it is possible that the rotor is formed integrally with the rotary member of the rotary joint. However, in order to use standard parts, it is preferable that the rotor has in its upper portion a connecting portion for connection to the hinge. It can be used as a standard rotary joint and a standard rotary feedthrough, wherein the rotor is releasably connected to the rotary joint via a connecting device. The connecting section can in particular have one or more locking bolts or mounting screws.

Another embodiment of the invention is that the holding member of the rotary joint is formed bolt-shaped and has a connection portion for non-rotatable connection with the supporting cable. Thus, a connection tab or an eye can be arranged at the end of the support cable. About a transverse connecting pin so the support cable can be connected via a connecting bracket with two bolt holes on the support member. But it can also be provided other connection means, with a torsionally rigid connection between the support member and the support cable to be ensured. This is especially true when the torque arm according to the invention is not connected directly to the support cable but in a lower region with the support member.

A preferred embodiment according to the invention further is that the rotary member of the rotary joint has a sleeve-shaped receiving portion in which the bolt-shaped holding member is rotatably mounted. As a result, a particularly robust rotary joint is achieved. In principle, however, the holding member may be sleeve-shaped and the rotary member formed bolt-shaped. The holding member preferably has a portion to which the rigid torque arm can be attached.

A particularly expedient arrangement results according to the invention in that the line extends approximately parallel to the drilling axis and the supporting cable to the top and that the line is connected via at least one connecting clamp with the supporting cable. In principle, it is possible that the line between the rotary feedthrough and the connection clamp is designed as a rigid tube or a torsionally rigid line and so even forms the torque arm between the rotary feedthrough and the support cable. The then extending from the connection clamp further upward fluid line can then be formed in the usual way than conventional hose or data / power cable.

For the purposes of the invention may be understood by drilling device alone, the drill pipe and the drill pipe suspension. In a preferred expansion variant, it is provided that a drill drive for rotationally driving the drill string is provided and that the drill drive comprises an annular drive wheel through which the drill pipe extends therethrough and is in torque transmitting connection with drive elements on the outside of the drill string. The drill pipe can be designed in particular as a simple or telescopic Kelly drill pipe, on the outer sides web-like entrainment bars are provided. The drill drive is arranged so that it lies below the rotary feedthrough at the upper end of the drill string.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a drill with a mast is provided, via which a support cable of a drilling device is guided and along which a drill string of the drilling device is rotatably driven and vertically displaceable. This drill is inventively characterized in that the drilling device described above is arranged. The drill may have as a mast a leader or rigid leader or a pivoting boom. Such drills can be used in particular for earth or rock drilling and in particular for the creation of pile-shaped foundation elements.

With regard to the method, the object mentioned in the present invention is achieved in that the supporting cable is designed to be torsionally rigid and that a torque is supported on the stator of the rotary feedthrough by means of a rigid connecting element relative to the torsionally rigid supporting cable. The drilling method according to the invention is preferably carried out with the above-described drilling device, with the advantages described above resulting. Boreholes for foundation elements can be created with the drilling method according to the invention.

In the following we will further describe the invention with reference to a preferred embodiment, which is shown schematically in the accompanying drawing.

The illustrated drilling apparatus 10 according to the invention comprises a rod-shaped drill pipe 12, at the lower end of which a schematically indicated tool connection 18 is arranged, to which a drilling tool for removing soil material can be attached. The drill pipe 12 has a central channel-like cavity as the inner pipe 14. This is in the illustrated embodiment for supplying a fluid according to arrow P1 formed by the outer conduit 16 to the lower end of the drill string 12. The fluid exits there according to the arrow P2.

The drill pipe 12 is driven in rotation in a known manner via a drill drive, not shown. For this purpose, the drill pipe 12 protrudes through the annular drill drive, wherein a torque from the drill drive to not shown entrainment on the outside of the drill string 12 can be transmitted via an annular drive wheel.

Furthermore, the drill pipe 12 is suspended in a known manner by means of a support cable 30 to a mast, not shown. In order not to transmit a rotational movement of the rotationally driven drill string 12 to the line 16, also called outer line, and the carrying cable 30, according to the invention a rotary feedthrough 50 and a rotary joint 20 are arranged above the drill pipe 12.

The support cable 30 has in known manner at its lower end an eye-shaped connecting strap. The connecting strap of the carrying cable 30 projects into a receiving opening of a shaft-shaped holding member 22 of the rotary joint 20. About a transverse closure pin 23, the support cable 30 is rotatably relative to the drilling axis with the shaft-shaped holding member 22 of the rotary joint 20 is connected. The shaft-shaped holding member 22 is rotatably mounted in a sleeve-shaped receiving portion 26 of a rotary member 24 of the rotary joint 20, but fixed in the axial direction. In this way, the rotary member 24 can be rotated relative to the stationary support member 22, so that the rotary joint 20 prevents torque transmission from the drill pipe 12 to the support member 22.

At the lower end of the holding member 22 by means of a locking bolt 66 rotatably connected to a rotor 52 of the rotary feedthrough 50 releasably connected. The shaft-shaped rotor 52 has at its opposite lower end to a flange-shaped connection portion 60, on which releasably the drill pipe 12 is attached.

The rotor 52 has in its lower half a central channel 56, which is in fluid communication with the channel-like inner pipe 14 of the drill string 12. At its upper end, the center channel 56 opens into two outwardly directed radial channels 58, which in turn open into a ring channel 53 arranged on the outer circumference. The annular channel 53 is formed between the rotor 52 and a surrounding sleeve-shaped stator 54. On the outer circumference of the sleeve-shaped stator 54 of the rotary feedthrough 50, the line 16 is connected via a connecting piece. Via a passage opening 55, fluid can flow from the conduit 16 into the annular channel 53 and thus via the radial channels 58 and the center channel 56 into the channel-like cavity in the drill pipe 12.

The shaft-shaped rotor 52 is rotatably mounted in the sleeve-shaped stator 54, wherein the gap between the two parts is sealed axially via sealing rings 57. In order to prevent co-rotation of the outer conduit 16 with the drill pipe 12, it is necessary to support the sleeve-shaped stator 54 against a rotationally fixed part. For this purpose, a rod-shaped connecting element 40 is provided as a torque support, which on the one hand firmly on the outside of the stator 54 and on the other hand fixedly attached to the lower end of the support cable 30, in the illustrated embodiment, rotatably connected to the support cable 30 holding member 22.

According to the invention, the support cable 30 is formed in the circumferential direction of the drilling axis and thus the Bohrdrehbewegung sufficiently torsionally rigid or torsionally stiff. Thus, via the rod-shaped connecting element 40, the torque acting on the stator 54 against the rotationally fixed support cable 30 and the associated holding member 22 are supported. The torsionally rigid carrying cable 30 can then transmit the transmitted torque via the mast head to the mast and the drill. Thus, the stator 54 is fixed relative to the rotating drill pipe 12 and the rotating rotor 52 and the rotating rotary member 24 of the rotary joint 20. This co-rotation and twisting of the line 16 is reliably prevented without an immediate bulky connection between the rotary feedthrough 50 and the drill must be provided.

Claims (11)

1. Drilling device with

   - a drill rod (12) which can be driven in a rotating manner and has an internal line (14),

   - a support rope (30),

   - a rotary joint (20) which is arranged between the drill rod (12) and the support rope (30) and has a holding member (22) which is in connection with the support rope (30) and a rotary member (24) which is in connection with the rotatable drill rod (12),

   - a line (16) for a fluid and/or data, and

   - a rotary feed-through (50) which is designed for the passage of fluid and/or data between the line (16) and the internal line (14) of the drill rod (12), wherein the rotary feed-through (50) has a rotor (52) connected to the drill rod (12) and a non-rotating stator (54), to which the fluid line (16) is attached,

   characterized in that

   - the support rope (30) is designed in a torsion-proof manner and

   - in that a rigid connecting element (40) is arranged as a torque support between the stator (52) of the rotary feed-through (50) and the torsion-proof support rope (30).
2. Drilling device according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the stator (54) of the rotary feed-through (50) is designed in a sleeve-shaped manner and
   in that on the exterior of the sleeve-shaped stator (54) the line (16) is attached.
3. Drilling device according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the rotor (52) of the rotary feed-through (50) is designed in a shaft-shaped manner with a central duct (56) which is connected to the line (16) via at least one radial duct (58).
4. Drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that
   the rotor (52) has an attachment section (60) for fastening the drill rod (12) in a torque-proof manner.
5. Drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   in its upper area the rotor (52) has a connecting section (62) for connection to the rotary joint (20).
6. Drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that
   the holding member (22) of the rotary joint (20) is designed in a bolt-shaped manner and has a fastening section (64) for the torque-proof connection to the support rope (30).
7. Drilling device according to claim 6,
   characterized in that
   the rotary member (24) of the rotary joint (20) has a sleeve-shaped receiving section (26), in which the bolt-shaped holding member (22) is supported in a rotatable manner.
8. Drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that
   the line (16) extends upwards approximately parallel to the drilling axis and to the support rope (30) and
   in that the line (16) is connected to the support rope (30) via at least one connecting clamp (32).
9. Drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
   characterized in that
   a drill drive is provided for driving the drill rod (12) in a rotating manner and
   in that the drill drive has an annular drive wheel, through which the drill rod (12) extends and which is in torque-transmitting connection with drive elements on the exterior of the drill rod (12).
10. Drilling apparatus with a mast, over which a support rope of a drilling device (10) is guided and along which a drill rod (12) of the drilling device (10) is driven in a rotatable manner and is vertically displaceable,
    characterized in that
    a drilling device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is arranged.
11. Drilling method, in which

    - a drill rod (12) having an internal line (14) is driven in a rotating manner,

    - the drill rod (12) is suspended on a support rope (30) and supported thereon in a rotating manner via a rotary joint (20) and

    - by means of a rotary feed-through (50) fluid and/or data are passed between the internal line (14) of the drill rod (12) and a line (16), wherein the rotary feed-through (50) has a rotor (52) connected to the drill rod (12) and a stator (54) connected to the line (16),

    characterized in that

    - the support rope (30) is designed in a torsion-proof manner and

    - in that a torque present on the stator (54) of the rotary feed-through (50) is supported by means of a rigid connecting element (40) with respect to the torsion-proof support rope (30).

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