EP2816180A2 - Safety device for locking device - Google Patents
Safety device for locking device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2816180A2 EP2816180A2 EP14450031.1A EP14450031A EP2816180A2 EP 2816180 A2 EP2816180 A2 EP 2816180A2 EP 14450031 A EP14450031 A EP 14450031A EP 2816180 A2 EP2816180 A2 EP 2816180A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- handle
- safety device
- eddy current
- locking
- counter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B9/00—Lock casings or latch-mechanism casings ; Fastening locks or fasteners or parts thereof to the wing
- E05B9/04—Casings of cylinder locks
- E05B9/041—Double cylinder locks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B13/00—Devices preventing the key or the handle or both from being used
- E05B13/002—Devices preventing the key or the handle or both from being used locking the handle
- E05B13/004—Devices preventing the key or the handle or both from being used locking the handle by locking the spindle, follower, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B17/00—Accessories in connection with locks
- E05B17/20—Means independent of the locking mechanism for preventing unauthorised opening, e.g. for securing the bolt in the fastening position
- E05B17/2084—Means to prevent forced opening by attack, tampering or jimmying
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B17/00—Accessories in connection with locks
- E05B17/20—Means independent of the locking mechanism for preventing unauthorised opening, e.g. for securing the bolt in the fastening position
- E05B17/2084—Means to prevent forced opening by attack, tampering or jimmying
- E05B17/2092—Means responsive to tampering or attack providing additional locking
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
- E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
- E05B47/0615—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control operated by handles, e.g. by knobs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
- E05B47/0676—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents by disconnecting the handle
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
- E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
- E05B2047/0018—Details of actuator transmissions
- E05B2047/0026—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B37/00—Permutation or combination locks; Puzzle locks
- E05B37/0003—Permutation or combination locks; Puzzle locks preventing detection of the combination
- E05B37/002—Speed sensors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a safety device for locking devices with a handle which is freely rotatable in the idle state and in the open or closed state with a locking member of the locking device comprising a brake and possibly blocking device which brakes the rotation of the handle and possibly blocked.
- Conventional locking devices such as lock cylinder can be operated by means of a key, wherein by turning a key in a lock, a corresponding locking lug is rotated, which moves a bolt in a closed position or retracts from a closed position to an open position.
- a recognition logic and an electronic key in the form of cards or other identification media replace the key.
- the rotational movement of a handle such as a knob or handle via a corresponding coupling with another rotatably mounted part rotatably coupled, which actuates the latch in the sequence.
- electronic security systems which are designed as a double-knob cylinder, wherein on one side of the door to be opened elements of a detection logic, and in particular antennas or the like., Are arranged, whereas the coupling of the rotational movement of this outer rotatable part after detecting the correct key via an electronics usually made by electrical means by coupling a coupling element.
- the external handle is freely rotatable without such a coupling.
- This freely rotatable handle is connected via a shaft to the opposite side of the door or window to which the coupling with the actuator the locking device is made.
- the shaft is thereby passed with relatively little play through the locking device, the free rotation at the same time relatively little play without the risk of jamming and without the risk of unintentional coupling must be guaranteed.
- a possible training is for example the DE 19851308 A1 can be seen in which the lock cylinder is provided on both sides with Drehknäufen, of which the inside door knob has access control electronics.
- an access authorization is determined, wherein a clutch is actuated electromagnetically in such a way that a locking bit can be moved from the outside door-side rotary knob.
- the invention therefore aims to improve a safety device of the type mentioned in that the functionality is guaranteed even at very high rotational speeds and high torques that are applied to the handle.
- the safety device should be largely independent of the outside of the castle acting forces work. Furthermore, the safety device should already ensure a certain braking effect even at lower speeds.
- the invention provides in a safety device of the type mentioned that the braking device is designed as an eddy current brake.
- the eddy current brake in this case comprises in particular an eddy current element and a magnetic element, one of which is a rotary element which is coupled to the rotational movement of the handle, and the other is a counter-element which is stationary or can be deflected against a restoring force.
- the magnetic element can either have at least one permanent magnet or an electromagnet which is switched on when an abusive rotational characteristic of the handle is detected, whereby the eddy current brake applies a torque which opposes the torque of the handle.
- the operation of the eddy current brake is such that due to the eddy currents in the eddy current element, an additional field energy is created. This field energy would be avoided if the eddy current element would co-rotate. But it is prevented by rigidly attached or deflected by a restoring element only limited.
- the magnetic field linearly increases with the speed, the field energy quadratic, the force acting as their derivative linear again, so that the braking torque exerted by the eddy current brake is directly proportional to the rotational speed.
- the inventive design of the brake as eddy current brake thus ensures that the required braking effect is provided safely even at high speeds.
- the safety device according to the invention is both in embodiments of the locking device with a knob as a handle as well as in training with pushers used.
- a braking effect is particularly advantageous because of the risk that an unrestrained depression with appropriate application of force leads to damage of the blocking element.
- the invention is also not limited to locking devices in the form of lock cylinders. Also in fitting incorporated in a fitting, as e.g. are widely used in hotel room doors, the safety device according to the invention is useful. In many such systems, the pusher in the idle state is freely operable without effect. Only upon detection of a legitimate electronic key in the fitting, a coupling element is actuated, which couples the handle with the locking member so that an actuation of the handle retracts the locking member.
- the eddy current element is now the rotary element or the counter element.
- the eddy current element forms the counter element.
- the eddy current element may be formed, for example, as a disc or ring of ferromagnetic material. If the eddy current element is designed as a counter element, a design as a ring is advantageous in order to allow the passage of waves or the like. For connecting the handle to the locking member and / or with an opposite handle or coupling.
- the magnetic element regardless of whether it is used as a rotating element or as a counter element, at least one pair of magnetic pole a north pole and a south pole, wherein preferably the north and the south pole follow one another in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis of rotation.
- the magnetic element comprises a plurality of, in particular at least 10, preferably at least 20 magnetic pole pairs. The higher the number of pole pairs, the greater the braking effect of the eddy current brake.
- the counter element in particular the eddy current element
- the housing of the closing device acts in the sense of a surface enlargement, so that the heat dissipation is improved to the environment.
- the bearing of the counter element is preferably not by means of a ball bearing, but by the support of the annular surface directly on a corresponding annular surface of the housing.
- the braking device according to the invention can be used in a simple manner in combination with a blocking device.
- the counter-element is coupled to a blocking member which, depending on the deflection of the counter-element between a Release position, and a blocking position in which it blocks the further rotational movement of the handle, is displaced.
- the blocking member is mounted or guided on a stationary part of the closing device and cooperates in the blocking position with a stop of the handle or a rotationally coupled to the handle part.
- the displacement of the blocking member is thus preferably driven by the eddy current brake, wherein at least in the release position results in a mechanical decoupling of the blocking member of the rotating handle or the rotatably connected to the handle part.
- the mechanical decoupling ensures that forces acting on the outside of the handle and the shaft possibly connected with the handle can not be transmitted to the part responsible for the application of the braking torque or the blocking, namely to the blocking member. Manipulation or damage due to violence is thus excluded.
- the blocking member is thus structurally separated in particular in the release position of the handle or a rotatably connected to the handle element and in particular does not rotate with the handle. According to a preferred development, the blocking member cooperates only in the blocking position with the handle or a non-rotatably coupled to the handle part to brake or block the further rotational movement.
- the mechanical decoupling of the rotational movement of the handle of the blocking member is preferably achieved in that a drive for displacing the blocking member between the release position and the blocking position is provided, which is displaceable by non-contact, in particular magnetic coupling with the rotational movement of the handle in motion.
- the non-contact coupling is preferred from that of the rotational movement formed the handle driven eddy current brake, which then takes over the function of an eddy current coupling.
- the eddy current brake is designed in the manner of an eddy current tachometer, in which the counter element of the eddy current brake is held by a return element and therefore can only be deflected to a limited extent.
- the deflection is proportional to the rotational speed of the rotary element of the eddy current brake.
- the return element may in this case preferably be designed as a spring element.
- any other element suitable for receiving a torque or a force may be used as the return element.
- the repulsion of two identically polarized magnets could be used as resistance to the angular deflection.
- the angular deflection of the counter element of the eddy current tachometer connected to the return element is preferably translated via a gear or a conversion unit into a displacement movement of the blocking member, so that the blocking member is displaced from the release position into the blocking position.
- the training is in this case made such that the transmission or the conversion unit can move the blocking member regardless of the direction of rotation of the handle from the release position to the blocking position.
- the transmission or the conversion element comprises, for example, a ramp formed on the counter element of the eddy current tachometer connected to the return element, which converts the angular deflection of the counter element into an axial and / or radial movement of the blocking element.
- the blocking member may in this case be guided in the axial and / or radial direction and axially and / or radially with a rotatably connected to the handle Part of the locking device engage and thereby block the further rotational movement of the handle.
- a preferred embodiment provides that the counter element of the eddy current brake is formed of ferromagnetic material.
- the use of a ferromagnetic material can lead to an amplification of the eddy currents.
- the safety device according to the invention is used in a closing device in which the handle is rotatably connected to a locking device passing through the coupling shaft, which is coupled via a coupling with an actuating shaft which is rotatably connected to the locking member of the locking device, wherein the actuating shaft as Hollow shaft is formed, which is penetrated by the coupling shaft.
- FIG. 1 a schematic overall view of a locking device according to the invention in teilzerlegtem state with safety device
- Fig. 2 an enlarged view of the safety device
- Fig. 3 a diagram of the braking torque as a function of the speed.
- Fig. 1 is denoted by 1 a knob, which is freely rotatably connected via a hollow shaft 2 and a coupling shaft 3 with a housed in another knob 4 electromechanical clutch disc.
- the clutch disc itself may be formed in any desired manner and, for example, magnetically or mechanically coupled with a corresponding component, such as the knob 4.
- the actuating shaft is denoted by 5 and is penetrated by a sliding sleeve 6.
- a locking lug 7 is provided for the operation of the lock bolt, said locking lug 7 is held in the axial direction adjusted by corresponding snap rings 8 and rotatably connected to the actuating shaft 5, which in turn rotatably with the inside knob 4 or after the coupling rotatably connected to the clutch shaft 3 is connected.
- the hollow shaft 2 and the coupling shaft 3 connected thereto can be freely rotated.
- the coupling shaft extends through the sliding sleeve 6 and rotates inside the same.
- the knob 1 and thus the coupling shaft 3 is acted upon at a high speed about the axis of rotation 10 and rotated at rotational speeds of 5,000 - 20,000 rev / min, it can cause thermal expansion and trituration, so that the sliding sleeve 6 suddenly rotated with the clutch shaft 3.
- the actuating shaft 5 can be taken away from the sliding sleeve 6, which can lead to an undesired actuation of the locking lug 7.
- a safety device is arranged in the housing 9 of the lock cylinder, which is coupled to the rotational movement of the coupling shaft 3 and brakes the further rotational movement from a defined rotational speed and possibly blocked.
- the safety device comprises in the in Fig. 2 illustrated first embodiment designed as a disc permanent magnet element 11 which rotatably coupled to the clutch shaft 3 and preferably arranged coaxially thereto is.
- the permanent magnet element 11 has at least a plurality of circumferentially successive pairs of magnetic poles 12 and cooperates with an eddy current element 13, which is annular and surrounds the disk-shaped permanent magnet element 11 circumferentially.
- the permanent magnet element 11 and the eddy current element 13 together form an eddy current brake, wherein the eddy current element 13 is connected to a retaining element (not shown) formed as a spring, for example, which exerts a restoring moment on the eddy current element 13 as soon as it experiences an angular deflection starting from the rest position.
- a retaining element (not shown) formed as a spring, for example, which exerts a restoring moment on the eddy current element 13 as soon as it experiences an angular deflection starting from the rest position.
- the angular deflection of the eddy current element 13 is directly proportional to the rotational speed of the permanent magnet element 11.
- the eddy current element 13 may also be arranged rigidly, so that the retaining element can be dispensed with.
- the eddy current element 13 exerts a braking torque dependent on the rotational speed of the permanent magnet element 11 on the permanent magnet element 11 and thus also brakes the knob 1.
- the eddy current element 13 is mounted in the housing 9 of the lock cylinder.
- the eddy current element 13 has a substantially U-shaped cross section with lateral extensions 14 in order to achieve both a lateral and a radial guidance of the eddy current element 13 in the housing 9.
- a blocking effect can be achieved in addition to the braking effect, which starts at a defined rotational speed.
- the angular displacement of the eddy current element 13 is translated for this purpose via a suitable gear in a sliding movement of a blocking member, not shown, so that the blocking member is displaced from a release position to a blocking position.
- the blocking member engages in a recess of the coupling shaft 3 or cooperates in another way with the coupling shaft 3 or a rotatably connected thereto component to exert a blocking effect on the coupling shaft 3 and the knob 1.
- Fig. 3 is the course of the braking torque M BR as a function of the speed n shown. It can be seen that the braking torque due to the eddy current brake increases continuously with increasing speed. Upon reaching a speed 15, the blocking member reaches the blocking position and the further rotation of the knob is blocked.
- the invention is not limited to specific embodiments of locking devices.
- the safety device according to the invention can be used not only in cylinder locks, but for example in fittings, which have the function to couple the handle with the door latch operation or decouple.
- the handle such as e.g. a pusher without effect
- the safety device according to the invention is used and is intended to prevent a jerky actuation of the handle without access authorization to an actuation of the case.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
- Breakers (AREA)
Abstract
Bei einer Sicherheitseinrichtung für Schließeinrichtungen mit einer Handhabe (1), welche im Ruhezustand frei drehbar und im Öffnungs- oder Schließzustand mit einem Verriegelungsglied (7) der Schließeinrichtung kuppelbar ist, ist eine Brems- und ggf. Blockiereinrichtung vorgesehen, welche die Drehbewegung der Handhabe (1) bremst und ggf. blockiert, wobei die Bremseinrichtung als Wirbelstrombremse ausgebildet ist.In a safety device for locking devices with a handle (1) which is freely rotatable in the idle state and in the open or closed state with a locking member (7) of the locking device, a brake and possibly blocking device is provided, which controls the rotational movement of the handle ( 1) brakes and possibly blocked, wherein the braking device is designed as an eddy current brake.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sicherheitseinrichtung für Schließeinrichtungen mit einer Handhabe, welche im Ruhezustand frei drehbar und im Öffnungs- oder Schließzustand mit einem Verriegelungsglied der Schließeinrichtung kuppelbar ist, umfassend eine Brems- und ggf. Blockiereinrichtung, welche die Drehbewegung der Handhabe bremst und ggf. blockiert.The invention relates to a safety device for locking devices with a handle which is freely rotatable in the idle state and in the open or closed state with a locking member of the locking device comprising a brake and possibly blocking device which brakes the rotation of the handle and possibly blocked.
Konventionelle Schließeinrichtungen wie z.B. Schließzylinder können mittels eines Schlüssels betätigt werden, wobei durch Verdrehen eines Schlüssels in einem Schloss eine entsprechende Verriegelungsnase verdreht wird, welche einen Riegel in eine Schließposition verschiebt oder aus einer Schließposition in eine Offenposition zurückzieht. Bei elektronischen Sicherheitssystemen treten anstelle des Schlüssels eine Erkennungslogik und ein elektronischer Schlüssel in Form von Karten oder anderen Identifikationsmedien. Nach einem Lesen des elektronischen Schlüssels, was dem mechanischen Abtasten eines konventionellen Schlüssels entspricht, wird die Drehbewegung einer Handhabe, wie z.B. eines Knaufes oder Griffes über eine entsprechende Kupplung mit einem weiteren drehbar gelagerten Teil drehfest gekuppelt, welcher in der Folge den Riegel betätigt. In diesem Zusammenhang sind elektronische Sicherheitssysteme bekannt geworden, welche als Doppelknaufzylinder ausgebildet sind, wobei an einer Seite der zu öffnenden Tür Elemente einer Erkennungslogik, und insbesondere Antennen oder dgl., angeordnet sind, wohingegen die Kupplung der Drehbewegung dieses außen liegenden drehbaren Teils nach Erkennen des korrekten Schlüssels über eine Elektronik zumeist auf elektrischem Weg durch Einkuppeln eines Kuppelglieds vorgenommen wird. Bei derartigen Einrichtungen ist ohne eine derartige Kupplung die außen liegende Handhabe frei drehbar. Diese frei drehbare Handhabe ist über eine Welle mit der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Türe oder des Fensters verbunden, an welcher die Kupplung mit dem Betätigungsglied der Schließeinrichtung vorgenommen wird. Die Welle wird hierbei mit relativ geringem Spiel durch die Schließeinrichtung hindurchgeführt, wobei die freie Drehbarkeit bei gleichzeitig relativ geringem Spiel ohne die Gefahr eines Klemmens und ohne die Gefahr einer unbeabsichtigten Kupplung gewährleistet sein muss. Eine mögliche Ausbildung ist beispielsweise der
Bedingt durch die geringen Toleranzen bei der Fertigung derartiger Schließeinrichtungen hat sich aber nun gezeigt, dass eine mögliche missbräuchliche Manipulation dadurch geschaffen wird, dass an die frei drehbare Handhabe ein entsprechendes Antriebsaggregat, beispielsweise ein elektrischer Motor oder Federwerksmotor, angeschlossen wird, welches die Handhabe in rasche Rotation versetzt. Bei einer derartigen raschen Rotation wird eine entsprechende Reibungswärme im Inneren des Schlosses generiert, welche bei Ausdehnung der üblicherweise frei durchdrehenden Welle zu einem Verreiben oder aber einem unbeabsichtigten Kuppeln einer Außenwelle mit einer Innenwelle führen kann, sodass auf diese Weise trotz fehlender elektronischer Freigabe der Kupplung auf mechanischem Weg eine durch thermische Ausdehnung oder Verreiben erzielte Kupplung zwischen der üblicher Weise frei drehbaren Handhabe und dem Sperrbart entsteht, wodurch die Schließeinrichtung betätigt werden kann. Eine derartige Fehlbedienung bzw. Sabotagebedienung setzt allerdings voraus, dass die frei drehbare Handhabe über eine Mindestzeit auf eine entsprechende Mindestdrehzahl gebracht werden kann, welche zu einer thermischen Ausdehnung bzw. zum Verreiben führen kann.Due to the low tolerances in the production of such locking devices but has now been shown that a possible improper manipulation is created by the fact that a corresponding drive unit, such as an electric motor or spring mechanism motor is connected to the freely rotatable handle, which quickly in the handle Rotation offset. In such a rapid rotation, a corresponding frictional heat is generated in the interior of the lock, which can lead to rubbing or unintentional coupling of an outer shaft with an inner shaft upon expansion of the usually freely spinning shaft, so in this way, despite the lack of electronic release of the clutch mechanical way a obtained by thermal expansion or trituration coupling between the usual manner freely rotatable handle and the pawl arises, whereby the locking device can be actuated. However, such an incorrect operation or sabotage operation presupposes that the freely rotatable handle can be brought to a corresponding minimum speed over a minimum time, which can lead to thermal expansion or trituration.
Um eine derartige Sabotage- bzw. Fehlbedienung auszuschließen und gleichzeitig zu gewährleisten, dass die frei drehbare Handhabe nur mit einer relativ geringen Drehgeschwindigkeit frei drehbar bleibt und in anderen Fällen einem Verreiben oder Verklemmen entgegenwirkt, ist in der
Bei einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung des in der
Die Erfindung zielt daher darauf ab, eine Sicherheitseinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, dass die Funktionsfähigkeit auch bei sehr hohen Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeiten und bei hohen Drehmomenten, die auf die Handhabe aufgebracht werden, gewährleistet ist. Die Sicherheitseinrichtung soll weitestgehend unabhängig von den von außen auf das Schloss einwirkenden Kräften funktionieren. Weiters soll die Sicherheitseinrichtung auch bei niedrigeren Drehzahlen bereits eine gewisse Bremswirkung sicherstellen.The invention therefore aims to improve a safety device of the type mentioned in that the functionality is guaranteed even at very high rotational speeds and high torques that are applied to the handle. The safety device should be largely independent of the outside of the castle acting forces work. Furthermore, the safety device should already ensure a certain braking effect even at lower speeds.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung bei einer Sicherheitseinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art vor, dass die Bremseinrichtung als Wirbelstrombremse ausgebildet ist. Die Wirbelstrombremse umfasst hierbei insbesondere ein Wirbelstromelement und ein Magnetelement, von denen eines ein Drehelement ist, das mit der Drehbewegung der Handhabe gekoppelt ist, und das andere ein Gegenelement ist, das stationär ist oder gegen eine Rückstellkraft auslenkbar ist. Das Magnetelement kann entweder wenigstens einen Permanentmagneten aufweisen oder einen Elektromagneten, der bei Erkennen einer missbräuchlichen Drehcharakteristik der Handhabe eingeschaltet wird, wodurch die Wirbelstrombremse ein dem Drehmoment der Handhabe entgegengesetztes Drehmoment aufbringt. Die Funktionsweise der Wirbelstrombremse ist derart, dass auf Grund der Wirbelströme im Wirbelstromelement eine zusätzliche Feldenergie entsteht. Diese Feldenergie würde vermieden werden, wenn das Wirbelstromelement mitrotieren würde. Daran wird es aber gehindert indem es starr befestigt oder durch ein Rückstellelement nur begrenzt auslenkbar ist. Bei geeigneter Ausführung steigt das Magnetfeld linear mit der Geschwindigkeit, die Feldenergie quadratisch, die Kraftwirkung als deren Ableitung wieder linear, sodass das von der Wirbelstrombremse ausgeübte Bremsmoment direkt proportional mit der Drehgeschwindigkeit ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung der Bremse als Wirbelstrombremse stellt somit sicher, dass die erforderliche Bremswirkung auch bei hohen Drehzahlen sicher bereitgestellt wird.To solve this problem, the invention provides in a safety device of the type mentioned that the braking device is designed as an eddy current brake. The eddy current brake in this case comprises in particular an eddy current element and a magnetic element, one of which is a rotary element which is coupled to the rotational movement of the handle, and the other is a counter-element which is stationary or can be deflected against a restoring force. The magnetic element can either have at least one permanent magnet or an electromagnet which is switched on when an abusive rotational characteristic of the handle is detected, whereby the eddy current brake applies a torque which opposes the torque of the handle. The operation of the eddy current brake is such that due to the eddy currents in the eddy current element, an additional field energy is created. This field energy would be avoided if the eddy current element would co-rotate. But it is prevented by rigidly attached or deflected by a restoring element only limited. In a suitable embodiment, the magnetic field linearly increases with the speed, the field energy quadratic, the force acting as their derivative linear again, so that the braking torque exerted by the eddy current brake is directly proportional to the rotational speed. The inventive design of the brake as eddy current brake thus ensures that the required braking effect is provided safely even at high speeds.
Die erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitseinrichtung ist sowohl bei Ausbildungen der Schließeinrichtung mit einem Drehknauf als Handhabe als auch bei Ausbildungen mit Drücker einsetzbar. Bei Ausbildungen mit Drücker ist eine Bremswirkung insbesondere deshalb vorteilhaft, weil die Gefahr besteht, dass ein ungebremstes Niederdrücken bei entsprechender Kraftanwendung zu einer Beschädigung des Sperrelements führt.The safety device according to the invention is both in embodiments of the locking device with a knob as a handle as well as in training with pushers used. In training with pushers a braking effect is particularly advantageous because of the risk that an unrestrained depression with appropriate application of force leads to damage of the blocking element.
Die Erfindung ist auch nicht auf Schließeinrichtungen in der Form von Schließzylindern beschränkt. Auch bei in einen Beschlag integrierten Schließeinrichtungen, wie sie z.B. bei Hotelzimmertüren weit verbreitet sind, ist die erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitseinrichtung nützlich. Bei vielen solcher Systeme ist der Drücker im Ruhezustand ohne Wirkung frei betätigbar. Nur bei Erkennen eines berechtigten elektronischen Schlüssels wird im Beschlag ein Kupplungselement betätigt, das die Handhabe mit dem Verriegelungsglied kuppelt, sodass ein Betätigen der Handhabe das Verriegelungsglied zurückzieht.The invention is also not limited to locking devices in the form of lock cylinders. Also in fitting incorporated in a fitting, as e.g. are widely used in hotel room doors, the safety device according to the invention is useful. In many such systems, the pusher in the idle state is freely operable without effect. Only upon detection of a legitimate electronic key in the fitting, a coupling element is actuated, which couples the handle with the locking member so that an actuation of the handle retracts the locking member.
Für die Wirkung der Wirbelstrombremse ist es unerheblich, ob das Wirbelstromelement nun das Drehelement oder das Gegenelement ist. Bevorzugt ist jedoch vorgesehen, dass das Wirbelstromelement das Gegenelement bildet.For the effect of the eddy current brake, it is irrelevant whether the eddy current element is now the rotary element or the counter element. Preferably, however, it is provided that the eddy current element forms the counter element.
Das Wirbelstromelement kann zum Beispiel als Scheibe oder Ring aus ferromagnetischem Material ausgebildet sein. Wenn das Wirbelstromelement als Gegenelement ausgebildet ist, ist eine Ausbildung als Ring vorteilhaft, um das Hindurchtreten von Wellen oder dgl. zur Verbindung der Handhabe mit dem Verriegelungsglied und/oder mit einer gegenüberliegenden Handhabe bzw. Kupplung zu ermöglichen.The eddy current element may be formed, for example, as a disc or ring of ferromagnetic material. If the eddy current element is designed as a counter element, a design as a ring is advantageous in order to allow the passage of waves or the like. For connecting the handle to the locking member and / or with an opposite handle or coupling.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung ist vorgesehen, dass das Magnetelement, unabhängig davon ob es als Drehelement oder als Gegenelement eingesetzt ist, wenigstens ein Magnetpolpaar aus einem Nordpol und einem Südpol umfasst, wobei bevorzugt der Nord- und der Südpol in Umfangsrichtung in Bezug auf die Rotationsachse aufeinander folgen. Die Ausgestaltung mit in Umfangsrichtung aufeinanderfolgenden Polen, wobei abwechselnd Nord- und Südpole angeordnet sind, ermöglicht die Anordnung einer Vielzahl von Polen auf engem Raum. Bevorzugt ist hierbei vorgesehen, dass das Magnetelement eine Vielzahl von, insbesondere wenigstens 10, bevorzugt wenigstens 20 Magnetpolpaare umfasst. Je höher die Anzahl der Polpaare ist, desto größer ist die Bremswirkung der Wirbelstrombremse.According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the magnetic element, regardless of whether it is used as a rotating element or as a counter element, at least one pair of magnetic pole a north pole and a south pole, wherein preferably the north and the south pole follow one another in the circumferential direction with respect to the axis of rotation. The configuration with circumferentially successive poles, wherein alternately north and south poles are arranged, allows the arrangement of a plurality of poles in a small space. Preferably, it is provided that the magnetic element comprises a plurality of, in particular at least 10, preferably at least 20 magnetic pole pairs. The higher the number of pole pairs, the greater the braking effect of the eddy current brake.
Bei hohem Bremsmoment ist in der Wirbelstrombremse eine große Wärmeentwicklung zu beobachten. Um den Wärmeabtransport zu begünstigen, sieht eine bevorzugte Ausbildung vor, dass das Gegenelement, insbesondere das Wirbelstromelement, ringförmig ausgebildet und in einem Gehäuse der Schließeinrichtung, insbesondere in einem Schließzylindergehäuse, drehbar gelagert ist. Dadurch wirkt das Gehäuse der Schließeinrichtung im Sinne einer Oberflächenvergrößerung, sodass die Wärmeabfuhr an die Umgebung verbessert wird. Um die Kontaktfläche zwischen dem Gegenelement und dem Gehäuse zu maximieren, erfolgt die Lagerung des Gegenelements bevorzugt nicht mittels eines Kugellagers, sondern durch die Abstützung der Ringfläche unmittelbar auf einer korrespondierenden Ringfläche des Gehäuses. Durch eine geeignete Materialpaarung, wie z.B. Messing/Messing oder Stahl/Messing kann auch ohne Kugellager eine ausreichende Leichtgängigkeit des Gegenelements erreicht werden.At high braking torque in the eddy current brake a large heat development is observed. In order to promote the heat dissipation, a preferred embodiment provides that the counter element, in particular the eddy current element, is annular and is rotatably mounted in a housing of the closing device, in particular in a lock cylinder housing. As a result, the housing of the closing device acts in the sense of a surface enlargement, so that the heat dissipation is improved to the environment. In order to maximize the contact area between the counter element and the housing, the bearing of the counter element is preferably not by means of a ball bearing, but by the support of the annular surface directly on a corresponding annular surface of the housing. By a suitable combination of materials, such as Brass / brass or steel / brass can be achieved without ball bearings sufficient ease of the counter-element.
Die erfindungsgemäße Bremseinrichtung kann in einfacher Weise auch in Kombination mit einer Blockiereinrichtung eingesetzt werden. Zum diesem Zweck ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass das Gegenelement mit einem Blockierglied gekoppelt ist, das in Abhängigkeit von der Auslenkung des Gegenelements zwischen einer Freigabeposition, und einer Blockierposition, in welcher es die weitere Drehbewegung der Handhabe blockiert, verlagerbar ist. Insbesondere ist das Blockierglied an einem stationären Teil der Schließeinrichtung gelagert oder geführt und wirkt in der Blockierposition mit einem Anschlag der Handhabe oder eines mit der Handhabe drehgekoppelten Teils zusammen.The braking device according to the invention can be used in a simple manner in combination with a blocking device. For this purpose, it is preferably provided that the counter-element is coupled to a blocking member which, depending on the deflection of the counter-element between a Release position, and a blocking position in which it blocks the further rotational movement of the handle, is displaced. In particular, the blocking member is mounted or guided on a stationary part of the closing device and cooperates in the blocking position with a stop of the handle or a rotationally coupled to the handle part.
Die Verlagerung des Blockierglieds wird somit bevorzugt durch die Wirbelstrombremse angetrieben, wobei sich zumindest in der Freigabestellung eine mechanische Entkopplung des Blockierglieds von der drehenden Handhabe oder dem mit der Handhabe drehfest verbundenen Teil ergibt. Die mechanische Entkoppelung stellt sicher, dass von außen auf die Handhabe und die mit der Handhabe ggf. verbundene Welle einwirkende Kräfte nicht auf den für die Aufbringung des Bremsmoments oder die Blockierung verantwortlichen Teil, nämlich auf das Blockierglied übertragen werden können. Eine Manipulation oder Beschädigung durch Gewalteinwirkung ist somit ausgeschlossen. Das Blockierglied ist insbesondere in der Freigabeposition somit baulich von der Handhabe oder einem mit der Handhabe drehfest verbundenen Element getrennt und dreht sich insbesondere nicht mit der Handhabe mit. Entsprechend einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung wirkt das Blockierglied erst in der Blockierposition mit der Handhabe oder einem mit der Handhabe drehfest gekoppelten Teil zusammen, um die weitere Drehbewegung zu bremsen oder zu blockieren.The displacement of the blocking member is thus preferably driven by the eddy current brake, wherein at least in the release position results in a mechanical decoupling of the blocking member of the rotating handle or the rotatably connected to the handle part. The mechanical decoupling ensures that forces acting on the outside of the handle and the shaft possibly connected with the handle can not be transmitted to the part responsible for the application of the braking torque or the blocking, namely to the blocking member. Manipulation or damage due to violence is thus excluded. The blocking member is thus structurally separated in particular in the release position of the handle or a rotatably connected to the handle element and in particular does not rotate with the handle. According to a preferred development, the blocking member cooperates only in the blocking position with the handle or a non-rotatably coupled to the handle part to brake or block the further rotational movement.
Die mechanische Entkopplung der Drehbewegung der Handhabe von dem Blockierglied wird bevorzugt dadurch erreicht, dass ein Antrieb zum Verlagern des Blockierglieds zwischen der Freigabeposition und der Blockierposition vorgesehen ist, der durch berührungslose, insbesondere magnetische Kopplung mit der Drehbewegung der Handhabe in Bewegung versetzbar ist. Die berührungslose Kopplung ist bevorzugt von der von der Drehbewegung der Handhabe angetriebenen Wirbelstrombremse gebildet, die dann die Funktion einer Wirbelstromkupplung übernimmt.The mechanical decoupling of the rotational movement of the handle of the blocking member is preferably achieved in that a drive for displacing the blocking member between the release position and the blocking position is provided, which is displaceable by non-contact, in particular magnetic coupling with the rotational movement of the handle in motion. The non-contact coupling is preferred from that of the rotational movement formed the handle driven eddy current brake, which then takes over the function of an eddy current coupling.
Besonders bevorzugt ist die Wirbelstrombremse hierbei nach Art eines Wirbelstromtachometers ausgebildet, bei dem das Gegenelement der Wirbelstrombremse durch ein Rückstellelement gehalten und daher nur begrenzt auslenkbar ist. Die Auslenkung ist dabei proportional zu der Drehgeschwindigkeit des Drehelements der Wirbelstrombremse. Das Rückstellelement kann hierbei bevorzugt als Federelement ausgebildet sein. Alternativ kann als Rückstellelement jedes andere zur Aufnahme eines Drehmoments oder einer Kraft geeignete Element verwendet werden. Beispielsweise könnte die Abstoßung zweier gleich gepolter Magneten als Widerstand gegen die Winkelauslenkung genutzt werden.Particularly preferably, the eddy current brake is designed in the manner of an eddy current tachometer, in which the counter element of the eddy current brake is held by a return element and therefore can only be deflected to a limited extent. The deflection is proportional to the rotational speed of the rotary element of the eddy current brake. The return element may in this case preferably be designed as a spring element. Alternatively, any other element suitable for receiving a torque or a force may be used as the return element. For example, the repulsion of two identically polarized magnets could be used as resistance to the angular deflection.
Die Winkelauslenkung des mit dem Rückstellelement verbundenen Gegenelements des Wirbelstromtachometers wird bevorzugt über ein Getriebe oder eine Umsetzeinheit in eine Verlagerungsbewegung des Blockierglieds übersetzt, sodass das Blockierglied aus der Freigabeposition in die Blockierposition verlagert wird. Bevorzugt ist die Ausbildung hierbei so getroffen, dass das Getriebe oder die Umsetzeinheit das Blockierglied unabhängig von der Drehrichtung der Handhabe aus der Freigabeposition in die Blockierposition verlagern kann.The angular deflection of the counter element of the eddy current tachometer connected to the return element is preferably translated via a gear or a conversion unit into a displacement movement of the blocking member, so that the blocking member is displaced from the release position into the blocking position. Preferably, the training is in this case made such that the transmission or the conversion unit can move the blocking member regardless of the direction of rotation of the handle from the release position to the blocking position.
Das Getriebe oder das Umsetzelement umfasst beispielsweise eine an dem mit dem Rückstellelement verbundenen Gegenelement des Wirbelstromtachometers ausgebildete Rampe, welche die Winkelauslenkung des Gegenelements in eine axiale und/oder radiale Bewegung des Blockierglieds umsetzt. Das Blockierglied kann hierbei in axialer und/oder radialer Richtung geführt sein und axial und/oder radial mit einem mit der Handhabe drehfest verbundenen Teil der Schließeinrichtung in Eingriff gelangen und dadurch die weitere Drehbewegung der Handhabe blockieren.The transmission or the conversion element comprises, for example, a ramp formed on the counter element of the eddy current tachometer connected to the return element, which converts the angular deflection of the counter element into an axial and / or radial movement of the blocking element. The blocking member may in this case be guided in the axial and / or radial direction and axially and / or radially with a rotatably connected to the handle Part of the locking device engage and thereby block the further rotational movement of the handle.
Eine bevorzugte Ausbildung sieht vor, dass das Gegenelement der Wirbelstrombremse aus ferromagnetischem Material ausgebildet ist. Unter gewissen Umständen kann die Verwendung eines ferromagnetischen Materials zu einer Verstärkung der Wirbelströme führen.A preferred embodiment provides that the counter element of the eddy current brake is formed of ferromagnetic material. In some circumstances, the use of a ferromagnetic material can lead to an amplification of the eddy currents.
Besonders bevorzugt kommt die erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitseinrichtung bei einer Schließeinrichtung zum Einsatz, bei der die Handhabe drehfest mit einer die Schließeinrichtung durchsetzenden Kupplungswelle verbunden ist, die über eine Kupplung mit einer Betätigungswelle kuppelbar ist, die drehfest mit dem Verriegelungsglied der Schließeinrichtung verbunden ist, wobei die Betätigungswelle als Hohlwelle ausgebildet ist, welche von der Kupplungswelle durchsetzt ist.Particularly preferably, the safety device according to the invention is used in a closing device in which the handle is rotatably connected to a locking device passing through the coupling shaft, which is coupled via a coupling with an actuating shaft which is rotatably connected to the locking member of the locking device, wherein the actuating shaft as Hollow shaft is formed, which is penetrated by the coupling shaft.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In dieser zeigen
In
Ohne eine entsprechende Kupplung der Betätigungswelle 5 mit dem Knauf 1 kann die Hohlwelle 2 und die damit verbundene Kupplungswelle 3 frei verdreht werden. Die Kupplungswelle erstreckt sich hierbei durch die Gleithülse 6 hindurch und dreht sich im Inneren derselben. Bei einer Sabotage, bei welcher der Knauf 1 und damit die Kupplungswelle 3 mit einer hohen Drehzahl um die Drehachse 10 beaufschlagt und in Rotation mit Drehgeschwindigkeiten von 5.000 - 20.000 U/min versetzt wird, kann es zu thermischen Ausdehnungen und Verreibungen kommen, sodass die Gleithülse 6 plötzlich mit der Kupplungswelle 3 mitrotiert. In weiterer Folge kann auf Grund desselben Effektes auch die Betätigungswelle 5 von der Gleithülse 6 mitgenommen werden, was in unerwünschter Weise zu einer Betätigung der Sperrnase 7 führen kann.Without a corresponding coupling of the
Um die oben beschriebene unerwünschte Betätigung der Sperrnase 7 zu vermeiden, ist im Gehäuse 9 des Schließzylinders eine Sicherheitseinrichtung angeordnet, welche mit der Drehbewegung der Kupplungswelle 3 gekoppelt ist und deren weitere Drehbewegung ab einer definierten Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit bremst und ggf. blockiert. Die Sicherheitseinrichtung umfasst bei dem in
Im Falle einer auslenkbaren Lagerung des Wirbelstromelements 13 kann zusätzlich zur Bremswirkung eine Blockierwirkung erreicht werden, die ab einer definierten Drehgeschwindigkeit einsetzt. Die Winkelauslenkung des Wirbelstromelements 13 wird zu diesem Zweck über ein geeignetes Getriebe in eine Verschiebebewegung eines nicht dargestellten Blockierglieds übersetzt, sodass das Blockierglied aus einer Freigabeposition in eine Blockierposition verlagert wird. In der Blockierposition greift das Blockierglied in eine Ausnehmung der Kupplungswelle 3 oder wirkt in anderer Weise mit der Kupplungswelle 3 oder einem mit dieser drehfest verbundenen Bauteil zusammen, um einen Blockiereffekt auf die Kupplungswelle 3 bzw. den Knauf 1 auszuüben.In the case of a deflectable mounting of the
In
Grundsätzlich ist die Erfindung nicht auf bestimmte Ausführungen von Verriegelungseinrichtungen beschränkt. So kann die erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitseinrichtung nicht nur bei Zylinderschlössern zum Einsatz gelangen, sondern beispielsweise auch in Beschlägen, welche die Funktion haben, die Handhabe mit der Türfallenbetätigung zu koppeln oder zu entkoppeln. Im entkoppelten Zustand ist die Handhabe, wie z.B. ein Drücker ohne Wirkung, während die Handhabe im gekoppelten Zustand die Falle betätigt. Im entkoppelten Zustand kommt die erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitseinrichtung zum Einsatz und soll verhindern, dass eine ruckartige Betätigung der Handhabe ohne Zutrittsberechtigung zu einer Betätigung der Falle führt.In principle, the invention is not limited to specific embodiments of locking devices. Thus, the safety device according to the invention can be used not only in cylinder locks, but for example in fittings, which have the function to couple the handle with the door latch operation or decouple. In the decoupled state, the handle, such as e.g. a pusher without effect, while the handle in the coupled state actuates the case. In the decoupled state, the safety device according to the invention is used and is intended to prevent a jerky actuation of the handle without access authorization to an actuation of the case.
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ATA487/2013A AT514596B1 (en) | 2013-06-18 | 2013-06-18 | Safety device for locking device |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2816180A2 true EP2816180A2 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
EP2816180A3 EP2816180A3 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
EP2816180B1 EP2816180B1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
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EP14450031.1A Active EP2816180B1 (en) | 2013-06-18 | 2014-06-05 | Safety device for locking device |
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EP (1) | EP2816180B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT514596B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2748333T3 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102018110203A1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | Hochschule Osnabrück | Door handle set for conveying information, which is transmitted during an opening or closing operation of a belonging to the door handle set door to a user |
WO2021214036A1 (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-10-28 | Assa Abloy Ab | Bumping preventing arrangement for lock device, lock device and method |
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DE19851308A1 (en) | 1997-11-07 | 1999-05-12 | Terra Dom Hausbau Gmbh | Lock cylinder, especially electronic, for door insertion locks |
WO2007095652A1 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-30 | EVVA-WERK SPEZIALERZEUGUNG von Zylinder- und Sicherheitsschlössern Gesellschaft m.b.H. & Co. KG | Safety mechanism for locks |
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AT387065B (en) * | 1987-04-14 | 1988-11-25 | Evva Werke | Lock with at least one magnetic rotor |
CA2097992A1 (en) * | 1993-06-08 | 1994-12-09 | Ilan Goldman | Combination lock with arrangement for defeating automatic dialer |
DE19601424A1 (en) * | 1996-01-17 | 1997-07-24 | Fliether Karl Gmbh & Co | Drive device for a lock, a lock cylinder or the like |
DE10230344B3 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-22 | Dom-Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Tamper-proof electromagnet assembly, electronic lock cylinder and method for preventing manipulation of a solenoid assembly |
DE102005040161A1 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2007-03-01 | Cestronics Gmbh | Lock cylinder with centrifugal brake |
AT512658B1 (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-10-15 | Evva Sicherheitstechnologie | Safety device for locks |
-
2013
- 2013-06-18 AT ATA487/2013A patent/AT514596B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2014
- 2014-06-05 EP EP14450031.1A patent/EP2816180B1/en active Active
- 2014-06-05 ES ES14450031T patent/ES2748333T3/en active Active
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DE19851308A1 (en) | 1997-11-07 | 1999-05-12 | Terra Dom Hausbau Gmbh | Lock cylinder, especially electronic, for door insertion locks |
WO2007095652A1 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-30 | EVVA-WERK SPEZIALERZEUGUNG von Zylinder- und Sicherheitsschlössern Gesellschaft m.b.H. & Co. KG | Safety mechanism for locks |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102018110203A1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | Hochschule Osnabrück | Door handle set for conveying information, which is transmitted during an opening or closing operation of a belonging to the door handle set door to a user |
DE102018110203B4 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2020-02-20 | Hochschule Osnabrück | Door handle set for conveying information to a user which is transmitted when a door belonging to the door handle set is opened or closed |
WO2021214036A1 (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-10-28 | Assa Abloy Ab | Bumping preventing arrangement for lock device, lock device and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT514596B1 (en) | 2015-02-15 |
AT514596A4 (en) | 2015-02-15 |
EP2816180B1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
ES2748333T3 (en) | 2020-03-16 |
EP2816180A3 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
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