EP2807108B1 - Rope winch - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a winch, in particular hoist winch, with a cable drum, the winding area is limited by two lateral flanges, wherein between the side flanges at least one further flanged wheel for dividing the winding area is provided in at least two Teilwickelbereiche, wherein the rope on said further Flange wheel away in the at least two Teilwickelbereiche is feasible.

Usually occur on winches winding problems when the cable drum has many turns next to each other and the rope is to be wound in several layers one above the other. The problem is exacerbated in this case, especially when the rope is to be wound up with little or no rope pretension. Act on a more or less loosely wound rope package suddenly higher tensile forces, as may occur, for example, demolition or dismantling work, the loose winding package can be moved, the rope tends to incise between underlying winding layers. Even in applications in the deep-sea sector, this problem occurs increasingly, since often cable lengths over several thousand meters have to be wound up and unwound. A severely cut rope leads in the worst case to the destruction of the rope, so this must be replaced. Furthermore, there is a risk that the lifting process can not be completed and expensive support measures must be initiated.

Background of the possible cutting of a rope between underlying cable layers here is the fact that for the windings of the rope on the cable drum thickness tolerances of the rope to be wound are taken into account. The groove pitch on the cable drum is to be adapted to the possible rope tolerances, between the rope to be wound and the winch a certain play is necessary so that the rope sections next to each other when winding place, this game is significantly influenced by the Seildickentoleranz, the winch pitch tolerance and the nominal game , For commercially available ropes the tolerance of the rope diameter is about 2-4% of the nominal diameter, so that the pitch on the winch drum must account for about 5% of the nominal diameter of the rope. Tighter rope width tolerances are available on the market, but are expensive and not widely available. Accordingly, the cable gap lying between the windings can vary depending on the tolerance of the rope diameter, with the cable gaps adding up over the windings, so that in the abovementioned tolerance ranges and the cable thicknesses customary for hoists at about a number of windings of 40, the maximum , added gap can exceed the rope thickness. Accordingly, it can by a taut in the next winding layer rope that the underlying layers can move or cut the said rope between two underlying winding sections.

Furthermore, the winding problems mentioned are also influenced by the outflow angle or entry angle of the cable to the drum longitudinal axis. The more obliquely the rope runs off the winch or runs on the winch, the greater the tendency to transverse displacements and winding problems.

In order to avoid the problem mentioned or to mitigate this problem, therefore, a cable drum with a very large drum diameter is usually chosen for very large rope lengths, in order to be able to wind up and unroll large pitches with a limited number of turns. However, this leads to structurally heavy rope drums, which are relatively expensive to manufacture. In addition, due to the cable pull and the drum radius as well as the lever arm derived therefrom, inevitably high torques in the winch gear are produced with large drum diameters, which lead to corresponding loads and wear.

The font DE 20 2005 011 277 U1 proposes a winch of the type mentioned, in which the winding area is divided into several sub-winding areas in which the rope is wound in succession. Between the lateral flange, which limit the entire winding area in a conventional manner, is a further flanged wheel arranged approximately centrally, which divides the winding area in two sub-winding areas. Via a spiral-shaped cable guide channel on the said further flanged wheel, the cable can be guided over the flanged wheel in order to wind the cable in the second partial winding area after winding of the first partial winding area.

With such a subdivision of the winding area of the cable drum, the above-described winding problems can be significantly mitigated. However, the windable pitches are also ultimately limited here, since with correspondingly higher cable lengths a larger number of subdivisions would have to be made, which, in turn, would lead to large drum lengths or widths, in which the lateral sub-winding areas always lead to the front end of the cable drum sloping inlet angle of the rope would lead to ever greater lateral forces on the cable winding.

The font CN 102285603 proposes to adjust the cable drum axially during winding, so that the inlet angle of the rope is as straight as possible on the drum. For this purpose, a drum axis is connected to a spindle gear in which a synchronously rotating with the winch spindle in a spindle nut is rotated, whereby the winch is adjusted axially according to its rotation angle and the pitch of the spindle gears.

From the US 6,811,112 B1 Furthermore, a cable drum is known, can be wound on the diameter-changing cable. The diameter-changing cable is passed over a cable guide on the drum, the cable guide can be adjusted via a spindle drive axially to the drum.

The present invention has for its object to provide an improved winch of the type mentioned above, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and the latter develops in an advantageous manner. In particular, winding problems such as the cutting of the rope between underlying winding sections Even with very large cable lengths of up to several thousand meters, even in the absence of or only slight cable prestressing or greatly varying cable tension can be safely avoided without buying this through excessive drum diameter, high winch weight and resulting high torques.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a winch according to claim 1 and claim 7. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

It is proposed, in addition to the division of the winding area into several sub-winding areas, to move the cable drum and / or a cable transverse guide arranged in front of the cable drum transversely to the longitudinal direction of the incoming / outgoing cable approximately in the longitudinal direction of the drum.

Preferably, the cable drum is adjustable in its angular position with respect to at least one transverse axis transverse to the drum longitudinal direction in order to keep the helix angle of the incoming / outgoing cable in the different sub-winding areas small. The axial and / or angular position of the cable drum and / or the axial position of the cable transverse guide in front of the cable drum is adapted to the part winding area to be wound / unwound.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, the cable drum is axially adjustable in the drum longitudinal direction, wherein a cable inlet control device is provided for adjusting different axial positions of the cable drum for the winding / unwinding of at least two different Teilwickelbereiche the cable drum. If the rope is wound / unwound on one side of the dividing flange, the cable drum is moved in a different axial position than when the rope is wound / unwound on the other side of said dividing flange.

Alternatively or in addition to an axial adjustment of the cable drum can also be a cable inlet guide, leading to the leading of the incoming / outgoing rope the cable drum can be provided to be displaced axially relative to the cable drum in the longitudinal direction of the drum in order to guide the incoming / outgoing cable section in different axial positions when the cable is wound / unwound in different partial winding areas of the cable drum.

The axial adjustability of the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide in drum longitudinal direction can be done more or less exactly parallel to the drum rotation axis, but in an alternative development of the invention, a drum rotation axis more or less inclined adjustment can be provided as long as the adjustment a component in Drum longitudinal direction. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, said travel is in this case formed straight or linear and aligned substantially parallel to the drum rotation axis in order to have no unwanted effects on the cable length in a transverse adjustment or not to have to compensate consuming.

In addition to such axial adjustment, the cable drum may be tiltable and / or pivotable about at least one transverse axis transverse to the drum longitudinal direction to bring the cable drum into different tilt and / or pivot positions when the cable is wound / unwound into different sub-winding areas of the cable drum becomes. By tilting or pivoting the cable drum, a skew of the cable otherwise produced at different cable entry directions or during winding of different partial winding areas of the cable drum can be compensated or reduced. At the same time, the space required for the adjustment of the winch can be minimized, since tilting or pivoting can be carried out in the smallest space. If the rope is wound / unrolled on one side of the dividing flange, the cable drum is tilted or pivoted to a different angular position than when the rope is wound / unwound on the other side of said dividing flange.

Preferably, the cable drum can be tilted and pivoted biaxially about differently oriented transverse axes in order to be able to compensate for or reduce skewing of the cable for different cable entry directions. In particular, the cable drum may be tiltable about a tilting axis and pivotable about a pivot axis, wherein the tilting axis and the pivoting axis are at least approximately vertically aligned relative to each other and in each case at least approximately perpendicular to the drum longitudinal direction. In this case, the tilting axis and the pivoting axis need not intersect one another, but may also be arranged offset to one another in different, preferably parallel planes in the case of approximately right-angled or transverse alignment, depending on how the tiltability and pivotability are realized. A multi-axis tiltability or pivoting of the cable drum is particularly advantageous if the cable inlet / cable outlet not only transversely to the cable drum, but also in terms of the circumferential angle varies, i. the entry point of the rope on the cable drum can be in different angular sectors, as is the case for example, when a crane jib, on which the entry roller is mounted, moves relative to the winch, in particular turns up and down. By a multi-axis tiltability or pivotability of the cable drum, a skew of the rope relative to the cable drum can be compensated or reduced, regardless of the peripheral region in which the rope runs onto the drum.

By an axial and / or angular adjustment of the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide in drum longitudinal direction can be divided in the invention of the winding area of the cable drum not only in two Teilwickelbereiche, but in three or four or any number Teilwickelbereiche, bringing the winch in the Position is offset to be able to roll up and unwind almost as long as desired while maintaining the desired winding parameters. In particular, in a displaceability of the winch itself only the winch according to the pitch of the winding area must be moved accordingly further when a Teilwickelbereich is fully wound or developed, without that in this case other geometric parameters of the running or incoming rope would have to be changed or an unwanted Querzug would arise on the rope.

The adjustability of the cable drum transversely to the cable longitudinal direction can basically be realized in various ways. For example, the cable drum could be adjustable via a handlebar guide or the like in the desired direction. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, however, the cable drum is supported at opposite end portions by a respective bearing carriage, wherein the bearing carriage are mounted displaceable substantially parallel to the drum longitudinal direction. A slide guide of the cable drum allows easy movement with simultaneous stable removal of high bearing forces.

The said end-side bearing carriage parts could in principle be connected to each other and form part of a common sliding carriage, which is displaceable in a sliding guide in the desired manner. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, however, the bearing carriage, which are provided at opposite end portions of the cable drum, be independently displaceable or be held in the axial direction only by the cable drum relative to each other. By such independent design of the bearing carriage at opposite ends, the cable drum can be stored tension-free and adjusted in the manner of a fixed-lot camp. A distortion of the winch plates due to heat influence, component tolerances and deformations due to the cable tensile forces are thereby prevented. In this case, the lateral bearing skate parts may well be displaceably mounted on a common, possibly continuous sliding guide. Alternatively, however, separate sliding guide sections can be provided so that each of the said lateral bearing slide parts is held displaceably on its own sliding guide.

To adjust the cable drum an actuator is provided in a further development of the invention, which may be connected to one of said bearing carriage parts to move the cable drum in the drum longitudinal direction back and forth. The said actuator can in principle be designed differently, for example, have a pressure medium cylinder or other actuating actuators such as a spindle drive include.

The adjustability of the angular orientation of the cable drum can basically be realized in various ways. For example, the bearing plates or bearing carriage, between which the cable drum is arranged and on which the opposite end portions of the cable drum are rotatably mounted, tiltable about a tilting axis and / or pivotally mounted about a pivot axis, so that a tilting or pivoting of the cable drum can be effected by a corresponding adjustment of the bearing plates or bearing carriage. Here, simple pivot bearing can be provided between the end shields and the ends of the cable drum. The end shields can in this case be connected to one another and, for example, form an approximately U-shaped bearing block, which is mounted tiltably or pivotably.

Alternatively or in addition to a tiltable and / or pivotable mounting of the end shields, the desired tilting and / or pivoting of the cable drum can be achieved by appropriate movement of the cable drum relative to the end shields. For this purpose, for example, one of the end portions of the cable drum on the corresponding bearing plate or bearing carriage not only rotatable, but also be mounted oscillating or tiltable, for example by a corresponding self-aligning bearing. The opposite end portion of the cable drum can be adjusted with at least one suitable actuator relative to the bearing plate or bearing carriage provided there transversely to the drum longitudinal direction, so that the desired tilting or pivoting movement of the cable drum takes place. Here, for example, actuators in the form of adjusting cylinders can be used. Alternatively or additionally, a bearing can be provided by means of an eccentric, which in the corresponding bearing plate or Bearing carriage can be integrated such that a rotation of the eccentric leads to an adjustment of the corresponding cable drum end transverse to the drum longitudinal direction.

If the incoming / outgoing cable for the winding / unwinding of the different sub-winding areas in its inlet / outlet angle controlled by a transversely adjustable cable inlet guide, such a cable inlet guide can be designed basically different. In a further development of the invention, said cable inlet guide may comprise an axially adjustable in the drum longitudinal direction Seilumlenkrolle. Depending on which partial winding area is to be wound / developed, the cable deflection roller is adjusted relative to the cable drum.

Alternatively or in addition to such an axially adjustable Seilumlenkrolle the cable inlet guide can also comprise other axially adjustable cable transverse guide means, which can be advantageously arranged between said Seilumlenkrolle and the cable drum. In this case, advantageously, said Seilumlenkrolle, in particular when this Seilumlenkrolle is axially fixed, be mounted oscillating such that the said Seilumlenkrolle aligns with the cable transverse guide means. In particular, the cable deflection roller at the inlet / outlet of the rope can be pivotally or gimbal-mounted, so that the Seilumlenkrolle the diagonal train, which is formed by the method of said cable transverse guide means, follow and less wear on the pulley edges arises.

The axial adjustment of the winch and / or the cable inlet guide can basically be adapted in different ways to the winding / unwinding of the different sub-winding areas or controlled in dependence thereon. According to an advantageous development of the invention, the axial adjustment of the winch and / or the rope inlet guide can be continuous or approximately continuous, ie incrementally in small steps, advantageously as a function of drum rotation and winch pitch. The aforementioned axial adjustment can actually be carried out continuously, wherein the speed of the axial displacement is adapted to the drum rotation speed and the winch pitch, so that the rope always runs or is guided exactly in front of the respective winding section to be wound / unwound. Alternatively, such a continuous axial adjustment can also be approximated incrementally or stepwise, for example to the effect that, for example, after each full rotation of the cable drum or every other revolution, ie, rotation through 720 °, the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide is pushed axially one step further.

Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that only a limited number of axial positions of the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide is set for each sub-winding area.

If more than one axial position is provided for a partial winding area, for example with continuous or stepwise axial adjustment depending on the drum rotation and the winch pitch, the cable inlet control device can provide different axial adjustment areas for the different partial winding areas, the different axial adjustment areas for the axial adjustment of the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide may be formed differently from each other, in particular may be free of overlap. For the winding / unwinding of a first part of the winding area of the cable drum, the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide can be brought into axial positions, which differ from the axial positions in which the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide are brought when another Teilwickelbereich wound or developed becomes.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a detection device for detecting the cable entry angle may be provided, wherein the cable inlet control device controls the cable drum and / or the cable inlet guide in response to a signal of said detection device.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, said detection device and / or a further detection device can detect the position of the cable relative to the cable drum, in particular a position indicating overrunning or overflow of the sub-winding area boundary and / or the subdividing, interposed flanged wheel. Such a detection device may for example be a gear cam limit switch, but also be designed differently. If a passing over of the subdividing flange or the sub-winding area boundary is detected, the control device of the winch can reduce the rotational speed of the cable drum to a predetermined extent in an advantageous development of the invention in order to achieve the transition from one sub-winding area to another sub-winding area without appreciable cable wear.

In a further development of the invention, the winch in addition to said, divided into different sub-winding areas cable drum have another cable drum, which can serve as an auxiliary winch. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the second cable drum can be placed on the first cable drum and / or stored axially displaceably together with the first cable drum. Alternatively or additionally, the second, additional cable drum can be designed axially adjustable relative to the aforementioned first cable drum.

Fig. 1:

eine Draufsicht auf eine Seilwinde eines Hubwerks nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, wobei die Seiltrommel in zwei Teilwickelbereiche unterteilt ist und schematisch die Bewickelung beider Teilbereiche dargestellt ist, wobei die Seiltrommel über einen Schlitten axial verschieblich ausgebildet ist,

Fig. 2:

eine Draufsicht auf die Seilwinde eines Hubwerks nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der die Seiltrommel in drei Teilwickelbereiche unterteilt ist, wobei die Bewickelung eines mittleren Teilwickelbereiches dargestellt ist und die Seiltrommel über einen Schlitten längsverschieblich ausgebildet ist,

Fig. 3:

eine Draufsicht auf die Seilwinde eines Hubwerks ähnlich Fig. 1 nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der eine Seilumlenkrolle axial verschieblich ausgebildet ist, wobei die Seilumlenkrolle in verschiedenen Stellungen für die Bewickelung verschiedener Teilwickelbereiche dargestellt ist,

Fig. 4:

eine Draufsicht auf die Seilwinde eines Hubwerks nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der die Seileinlaufführung zwischen der Seiltrommel und der Seilumlenkrolle angeordnete, axial verstellbare Seilquerführungsmittel umfasst, wobei die genannten Seilquerführungsmittel in verschiedenen Stellungen für die Bewickelung verschiedener Teilwickelbereiche der Seiltrommel dargestellt sind,

Fig. 5:

eine Draufsicht auf die Seilwinde eines Hubwerks nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der die Seilwinde zwei Seiltrommeln umfasst, die als Hauptwinde und Hilfswinde eingesetzt werden können und gemeinsam axial in Trommellängsrichtung verstellbar sind,

Fig. 6:

eine Draufsicht auf die Seilwinde eines Hubwerks nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der die Seilwinde zwei Seiltrommeln umfasst, die als Hauptwinde und Hilfswinde eingesetzt werden können und gemeinsam und relativ zueinander axial in Trommellängsrichtung verstellbar sind,

Fig. 7:

eine Draufsicht auf eine Seilwinde eines Hubwerks nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der die Seiltrommel in mehrere Teilwickelbereiche unterteilt ist und um eine Kippachse quer zur Trommellängsrichtung verkippbar ist, wobei die beiden Ansichten Fig. 7a und Fig. 7b verschiedene Kippstellungen der Seiltrommel zeigen,

Fig. 8:

eine Darstellung einer Seilwinde eines Hubwerks nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der die Seiltrommel in mehrere Teilwickelbereiche unterteilt ist und um eine Schwenkachse senkrecht zur Trommellängsrichtung verschwenkbar ist, wobei die Teilansicht Fig. 8a eine Draufsicht der Seiltrommel und die Teilansicht Fig. 8b eine Seitenansicht der Seiltrommel zeigt,

Fig. 9:

eine Draufsicht auf eine Seilwinde eines Hubwerks nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der die Seiltrommel in zwei oder mehrere Teilwickelbereiche unterteilt ist und in ihrer Winkelausrichtung zweiachsig verstellbar ist, und zwar um eine Kippachse verkippbar und um eine Schwenkachse verschwenkbar, wobei die Kippachse und die Schwenkachse in zueinander senkrecht ausgerichtete Richtungen verlaufen,

Fig. 10:

eine Darstellung einer Seilwinde eines Hubwerks nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der die Seiltrommel in mehrere Teilwickelbereiche unterteilt ist und in ihrer Winkelstellung - ähnlich der Ausführung nach Fig. 9 - zweiachsig verstellbar, nämlich um eine Kippachse verkippbar und um eine Schwenkachse verschwenkbar ist, wobei - anders als bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 9 - die Seiltrommel gegenüber einem feststehenden Lagerschild verkippbar und verschwenkbar ist und mit zwei in zueinander senkrechten Wirkrichtungen betätigbaren Stellaktoren verbunden ist, wobei die Teilansicht Fig. 10a eine Draufsicht auf die Seilwinde und die Teilansicht Fig. 10b eine Seitenansicht der Seilwinde zeigt, und

Fig. 11:

eine Darstellung einer Seilwinde eines Hubwerks nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, gemäß der die Seiltrommel in mehrere Teilwickelbereiche unterteilt und in ihrer Winkelstellung zweiachsig verstellbar ist, wobei zur Winkelverstellung der Seiltrommel eines der Trommelenden pendelnd gelagert und das andere der Trommelenden durch eine Exzenter quer zur Trommellängsrichtung verstellbar ist.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments and associated drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1:

a top view of a winch of a hoist according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, wherein the cable drum is divided into two Teilwickelbereiche and schematically the Bewickelung both sections is shown, wherein the cable drum is formed axially slidably via a carriage,

Fig. 2:

a top view of the winch of a hoist according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the cable drum is divided into three Teilwickelbereiche, wherein the winding of a central Teilwickelbereiches is shown and the cable drum is longitudinally displaceable via a carriage,

3:

a top view of the winch of a hoist similar Fig. 1 according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which a Seilumlenkrolle is axially displaceable, wherein the Seilumlenkrolle is shown in different positions for the winding of different Teilwickelbereiche,

4:

a top view of the winch of a hoist according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to the cable entry guide between the cable drum and the Seilumlenkrolle arranged, axially adjustable cable transverse guide means, said cable transverse guide means are shown in different positions for the winding of different Teilwickelbereiche the cable drum

Fig. 5:

a top view of the winch of a hoist according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the winch comprises two cable drums, which can be used as a main winch and auxiliary winch and are axially adjustable in the drum longitudinal direction,

Fig. 6:

a top view of the winch of a hoist according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the winch comprises two cable drums, which can be used as a main winch and auxiliary winch and are mutually adjustable relative to each other axially in the drum longitudinal direction,

Fig. 7:

a top view of a winch of a hoist according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the cable drum is divided into a plurality of sub-winding areas and about a tilt axis transverse to the drum longitudinal direction is tilted, the two views Fig. 7a and Fig. 7b show different tilting positions of the cable drum,

Fig. 8:

an illustration of a winch of a hoist according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the cable drum is divided into a plurality of sub-winding areas and about a pivot axis perpendicular to the drum longitudinal direction is pivotable, wherein the partial view Fig. 8a a top view of the cable drum and the partial view Fig. 8b a side view of the cable drum shows

Fig. 9:

a plan view of a winch of a hoist according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the cable drum is divided into two or more Teilwickelbereiche and biaxially adjustable in its angular orientation, namely tiltable about a tilt axis and pivotable about a pivot axis, wherein the tilt axis and the pivot axis extend in mutually perpendicular directions,

Fig. 10:

an illustration of a winch of a hoist according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the cable drum is divided into a plurality of sub-winding areas and in its angular position - similar to the embodiment according to Fig. 9 - Biaxially adjustable, namely tiltable about a tilting axis and is pivotable about a pivot axis, wherein - unlike in the embodiment according to Fig. 9 - The cable drum with respect to a fixed bearing plate is tilted and pivoted and is connected to two operable in mutually perpendicular directions of action Stellaktoren, wherein the partial view Fig. 10a a top view of the winch and the partial view Fig. 10b a side view of the winch shows, and

Fig. 11:

an illustration of a winch of a hoist according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, according to which the cable drum is divided into several Teilwickelbereiche and biaxially adjustable in its angular position, for angular adjustment of the cable drum one of the drum ends oscillating and the other of the drum ends by an eccentric to the transverse Drum longitudinal direction is adjustable.

The winch 1 shown in the figures comprises a substantially cylindrical cable drum 2, on whose end faces two flanges 4 and 5 extending radially to the cable drum rotation axis 3 are provided, between which the winding region 6 of the cable drum 2 is defined. In known manner can be provided on the cable drum 2 bearing and / or drive stub 7 in the form of axially projecting stub shafts with which the winch 1 in a hoist of a crane or the like can be installed and stored longitudinally displaceable, as will be explained ,

The lateral surface of the cable drum 2 is how FIG. 1 shows, provided with rope grooves 8, which extend in the manner of a thread helically on the outside of the cable drum 2 to guide the wound rope, more precisely, the first rope layer on the cable drum 2.

As FIG. 1 shows, the winding portion 6 of the cable drum 2 by another flanged disc 9, which sits between the two front flanges 4 and 5 on the cable drum 2 and also extends radially, divided into two Teilwickelbereiche 10 and 11. In the illustrated embodiment, the additional flange disc 9 is located centrally between the two front side flanges 4 and 5, but it can be moved depending on the circumstances in the usual cable winder to one or the other flanged wheel 4 or 5 out. It is further understood that the winding region 6 of the cable drum 2 can be subdivided by more additional flanged wheels 9 in more than two Teilwickelbereiche. In the usual applications of a crane hoist, the problem can be However, between the winding layers einklemmenden hoist rope are already effectively prevented by an additional flanged wheel, so that an additional flanged wheel 9 is already sufficient.

As the FIGS. 1 and 2 show, is provided as a cable guide device 12 on the flanged wheel 9 away at this a cable guide channel 13 which is substantially groove or groove-shaped incorporated into the lateral surface of the flanged wheel 9. The said cable guide channel 13 has in this case to both sub-winding areas 10 and 11, ie. On both sides of the flanged wheel 9, expiring ends or mouths, so that it leads from the first part of winding area 10 to the second part of winding area 11.

The cable guide channel 13 is formed overall helical. Its inlet 14 facing the first part-winding region 10 lies approximately at the level of the uppermost winding layer, i. the rope 16 runs when it rests on the flanged wheel 9 only in the inlet 14 when the first part of winding area 10 completely wound and the rope runs in the uppermost winding layer on the flange 9. When subdividing the winding area 6 into only two sub-winding areas, the first wound part-winding area 10 is the one in which the attachment point of the cable 16 is provided on the cable drum 2.

Runs the cable 16 after complete winding of the first part of the winding area 10 in the inlet 14, it is automatically guided by the cable guide channel 13 on further winding on the other side of the flange 9. The local outlet 15 of the cable guide channel 13 opens into the second part of the winding area 11 approximately at the level of the lateral surface of the cable drum 2, ie the rope 16 runs smoothly directly at the height of the very first winding layer directly on the cable drum 2 on this. The slope of the cable guide channel 13 in the radial direction thus smoothly overcomes the height difference between the uppermost winding layer of the first partial winding region 10 and the lowermost, ie first, winding layer in the partial winding region 11.

Upon further winding on the cable drum 2, the second sub-winding area 11 is then wound until it is full and the cable is completely wound up. When unwinding the cable 16, conversely, first the second part of the winding area 11 empties until the cable 16 is unwound from the cable guide channel 13 during further unwinding while the outgoing end is guided over the flange 9 in the first part of winding area 10, so that they are unwound can.

As Fig. 1 shows, the cable drum 2 can be moved in the axial direction, ie approximately parallel to the drum rotation axis 3 and to the drum longitudinal direction. The side end shields on which the cable drum 2 is mounted with their drive stubs 7, forming bearing carriages 17 and 18, which are mounted longitudinally displaceably on a carriage guide 19, for example in the form of a T-rail profile. As Fig. 1 shows, advantageously, the two bearing carriages 17 and 18 are independently displaced longitudinally, wherein they are held in the axial direction relative to each other only by the cable drum 2. As a result, tensions of said bearing plates or bearing carriage 17 and 18 can be avoided.

In order to control the longitudinal displacement of the cable drum 2, an actuator 20 may be connected to one of the bearing carriage 17, which may be formed according to the illustrated embodiment, for example as a pressure cylinder and one of the bearing carriage 17 in the axial direction S shifts. The cable drum storage is accordingly designed in the manner of a lot-fixed storage, the fixed storage by said actuator 20 is axially adjustable.

The displacement of the cable drum 2 in the axial direction can basically be controlled differently, wherein in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the control is at least such that the deflection angle α of the running of the cable drum 2 or incoming rope 16 does not exceed a predetermined limit, advantageously ≤ 1.5 °. Depending on the geometric conditions of the winch 1, in particular the distance of the Seilumlenkrolle 21 of the cable drum 2 and the number of rope grooves 20 of a Teilwickelbereiches 10 and 11, it may be sufficient for each sub-winding area 10 and 11 set a fixed axial position of the cable drum 2 relative to Seilumlenkrolle 21. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, however, it can also be provided that for the loading or unwinding of each sub-winding region 10 and 11 are each approached a plurality of axial positions to keep the deflection angle α of the cable 16 sufficiently small. The axial positions of the cable drum 2 relative to the Seilumlenkrolle 21 are hereby advantageously varied for each sub-winding area 10 and 11 within a respective adjustment range, wherein the adjustment for the different Teilwickelbereiche differently formed, in particular can be without overlap each other.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, the cable drum 2 can also be adjusted continuously or quasi-continuously in the sense of incremental steps as a function of the rotational position of the cable drum 2 and the pitch of the cable grooves 2 in order to keep the aforementioned deflection angle α as low as possible. Alternatively or additionally, for adjusting the axial position of the cable drum 2, the said deflection angle α itself can also be taken into account. For this purpose, it can be monitored or determined by a suitable detection device, for example in the form of a limit switch or another sensor. The actuator 20 can be controlled in dependence on the detected deflection angle α in order to keep said deflection angle α within a predetermined range or to a desired value.

If, after winding a part of the winding area 10, the flange 9 delimiting this part of the winding area 10 is run over by the cable 16, the rotational speed of the cable drum 2 can advantageously be reduced in order to minimize wear on the cheeks of the cable guide channel 13. Alternatively or additionally, the cable drum 2 can be moved into an axial position in which said deflection angle α is minimal or goes to zero, so that the cable 16 runs exactly straight into the cable guide channel 13 in the flange 9, as this Fig. 1 clarified.

As Fig. 2 clarified, the cable drum 2 can also be divided into more than two Teilwickelbereiche, according to execution according to Fig. 2 For example, two additional flanged wheels 9 and 23 can be arranged between the end-side, side flanges 8 and 9 in order to subdivide the winding region 6 into three sub-winding regions 10, 11 and 22. In principle, any number of sub-winding areas can be provided in order to at least theoretically be able to store an infinitely long cable and still comply with the desired winding parameters, in particular limited number of turns, limited number of layers and limited deflection angle. According to an advantageous development of the invention, the cable drum 2 is subdivided into a plurality of sub-winding areas such that less than 40 windings are wound side by side and less than eight layers one above the other in one sub-winding area, the axial adjustment of the cable drum 2 and / or the cable inlet guide 24 being controlled in such a way, that the maximum deflection angle α does not exceed 1.5 °.

As Fig. 3 shows, alternatively or in addition to the axial adjustment of the cable drum 2 and the cable inlet guide 24 axially approximately parallel to the drum rotation axis 3 can be adjusted. The cable entry guide 24 may in this case comprise a cable deflection roller 21 which can be displaced axially displaceably in the longitudinal direction S in the aforementioned manner, wherein an actuator 20, for example in the form of a pressure medium cylinder, can provide a displacement of the cable deflection roller 21. A control of the axial adjustment and the winding of the cable drum 2 can be done otherwise analogous to the previously described embodiment, so that reference may be made thereto.

As Fig. 4 shows the Querverschieblichkeit the cable entry guide 24 can also be effected by cable transverse guide means 25, which can be arranged between the Seilumlenkrolle 21 and the cable drum 2 and the cable 16 can transversely. The said cable transverse guide means 25 may, for example, comprise two deflection rollers, between which the cable 16 runs. As Fig. 4 shows, the cable transverse guide means 25 can be axially displaced approximately parallel to the drum rotation axis 3, wherein an actuator 20 with said cable transverse guide means 25 is connected, for example, can be formed by a pressure cylinder.

Thus, the Seilumlenkrolle 21 align automatically and can adapt to the respective axial position of the cable cross guide means 25, said Seilumlenkrolle 21 can advantageously be pivoted, for example, gimbal mounted, so that the orientation of the pivot axis may change, see. Fig. 4 , depending on which axial position take the cable transverse guide means 25.

As Fig. 5 shows, the winch assembly may also comprise two cable drums 2 and 26, of which a first cable drum 2 may be divided into a plurality of sub-winding areas 10 and 11 in the manner described above. The second cable drum 26 may also be subdivided in a corresponding manner into a plurality of sub-winding areas, but may also, as this Fig. 5 shows, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention comprise only one winding region 6. Of the two rope drums 2 and 26, one can be used as a main winch and the other as an auxiliary winch. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in this case the cable drum 2 may be placed on the cable drum 26 and / or may be provided a common, sliding support for the two cable drums 2 and 26, so that the two cable drums 2 and 26 together in the axial direction, ie in Can be moved substantially parallel to the cable drum rotation axis 3. According to the embodiments described above, an actuator 20 may be provided here, which may be connected, for example, with one of the bearing carriage 17 of the winch assembly.

As Fig. 6 shows, the two cable drums 2 and 26 in this case also have different drum lengths and widths. For example, the cable drum 26 having only one winding area can be made wider than the cable drum 2 divided into different partial winding areas.

To use both cable drums 2 and 26 at the same time, can be provided in an advantageous embodiment of the invention that in addition to the axial Slidability of the cable drums 2 and 26 through the carriage storage and the actuator 20 in addition also a Axialverschiebbarkeit the cable inlet guide 24 is provided, according to the execution of the Figures 3 and 4 may be formed and an axially displaceable Seilumlenkrolle 21 and / or additional cable transverse guide means 25 which are axially adjustable, may have. Through such a double axial displaceability, so to speak, a cable entry with the desired small deflection angles α for both cable drums can be realized by moving in opposite directions, and the transition from one partial winding area into the other partial winding area can be controlled.

Furthermore, in an embodiment of the invention, a Axialverschiebbarkeit the cable drums 2 and 26 may be provided relative to each other.

As Fig. 7 shows the aforementioned deflection angle α of running off the cable drum 2 or on incoming rope 16 despite several Teilwickelbereiche also be kept small in that the cable drum 2 can be tilted about a tilt axis 30. Said tilting axis 30 extends transversely to the drum longitudinal direction S and advantageously at least approximately perpendicular to the inlet direction of the cable 16, so that a skew of the cable with respect to the cable drum can be eliminated or minimized by tilting the cable drum. As Fig. 7 shows, said tilting axis 30 can thereby approximately parallel to the mounting plane of the winch 1 run. The adjustability of the angle from the direction of the cable drum 2 can be achieved by appropriate storage of the side end plates 17 and 18. As Fig. 7 shows, a bearing plate 17 may be tiltably mounted about said tilt axis 30, while the opposite end plate 18 by an actuator 32, for example in the form of an actuating cylinder is adjustable such that the winch 1 can tilt about the tilt axis 30, as a comparison of FIGS. 7a and 7b shows.

As Fig. 8 shows, the cable drum 2 can also be formed pivotable about a pivot axis 31, in which case said pivot axis 31 is aligned substantially perpendicular to the drum longitudinal axis and in the region of the cable drum center can extend, so that perform the same movements when pivoting the cable drum 2 whose ends. The said pivot axis 31 advantageously also extends at least approximately perpendicular to the inlet direction of the cable 16, cf. Fig. 8b ,

The pivoting of the cable drum 2 can, as this Fig. 8 shows can be achieved by corresponding pivotal suspension of the side end plates 17 and 18. The aforementioned bearing plates 17 and 18 may be mounted on a base support 34 which is pivotally mounted about said pivot axis. By a corresponding pivot drive 33, the base support 34 and thus the cable drum 2 can be pivoted in the desired manner.

As Fig. 9 shows, the tiltability of the execution can after Fig. 7 and the pivoting of the execution Fig. 8 also be combined with each other in particular such that the tilting axis 30 and the pivot axis 33 are aligned in mutually transverse directions. Such a biaxial angular adjustability of the cable drum 2 is particularly advantageous when the cable entry into the winch 1 is variable, ie the incoming / outgoing cable 16 is pivoted about the drum longitudinal axis or an axis parallel thereto, so that the cable entry point / rope discharge point moves in the circumferential direction , This is often the case, for example, in cranes, which have a tilting arm, to which the inlet roller is attached, so that when the crane boom rises and falls, the cable entry direction pivots in the manner mentioned.

As Fig. 9 shows, the end plates 17 and 18 of the cable drum 2 are similar to the embodiment according to Fig. 7 tiltably mounted about a tilt axis 30 and connected to a corresponding tilting drive 32, wherein the tiltability is provided with respect to a base support 34, which in turn similar to the embodiment according to Fig. 8 pivoted about the pivot axis 31 and actuated by a pivot drive 33.

As an alternative to such a pivoting of the end shields, the angular adjustability of the cable drum 2 can also be achieved by a mobility of the cable drum 2 relative to the end shields, as the Figures 10 and 11 demonstrate. According to Fig. 10 a rigidly mounted bearing plate 17 may be provided, on which the cable drum 2 is mounted with one of its ends rotatable and oscillating or tiltable. This is possible, for example, by a self-aligning bearing 35 with a spherically curved bearing shell. The cable drum 2 is multi-axis tilted relative to said bearing plate 17. To control this multi-axis tiltability, two actuators are provided at the opposite end of the cable drum 2, which have mutually substantially vertical directions of action and make it possible to move the cable drum 2 at this end in each case perpendicular to the drum longitudinal direction S. The one actuator here forms a tilting drive 32, while the other actuator forms a pivot drive 33, so that the cable drum two in the aforementioned manner about tilt and pivot axes 30 and 31 is both tiltable and pivotable.

As Fig. 11 shows, an adjustment of the angular orientation of the cable drum 2 can also be achieved by a Exzenterlagerung. This may be similar to the execution Fig. 10 one end of the cable drum 2 rotatable and oscillating or tiltable be mounted on a rigidly rigid end plate 17. The opposite end of the cable drum 2 is rotatably mounted in an eccentric 36 which is adjustable relative to a likewise rigidly mounted bearing plate 18. Said eccentric 36 may in this case form a rotatable eccentric disc, which is mounted rotatably about an axis parallel to the drum longitudinal direction in said bearing plate 18. By turning the eccentric 36, said end of the cable drum 2 can be adjusted, so that a tilting or pivoting of the cable drum 2 is achieved about an axis transverse to the drum longitudinal direction. A corresponding actuator may be provided to adjust said eccentric, wherein as an actuator, for example, an electric motor via a gear stage can drive said eccentric.

The tilting and / or pivoting of the cable drum 2 can in principle be controlled differently, wherein in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the control is at least such that the deflection angle α of the running of the cable drum 2 or incoming rope 16 does not exceed a predetermined limit, advantageously ≦ 1.5 ° is maintained. Depending on the geometric conditions of the winch 1, in particular the distance of the Seilumlenkrolle 21 of the cable drum 2 and the number of rope grooves 20 a Teilwickelbereiches 10 and 11, it may be sufficient for each Teilwickelbereich 10 and 11 a fixed angular position of the cable drum 2 respect of the tilting axis 30 and / or with respect to the pivot axis 31. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, however, it can also be provided that for the loading or unwinding of each sub-winding area 10 and 11 are each approached a plurality of angular positions to keep the deflection angle α of the cable 16 sufficiently small. The tilting or pivoting positions of the cable drum 2 are here advantageously varied for each sub-winding area 10 and 11 within a respective adjustment range, wherein the adjustment ranges for the different sub-winding areas may be different, in particular non-overlapping with each other.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, the cable drum 2 can also be tilted or pivoted continuously or quasi continuously in the sense of incremental steps as a function of the rotational position of the cable drum 2 and the pitch of the cable grooves 2 in order to keep the said deflection angle α as low as possible. Alternatively or additionally, the setting of the angular position of the cable drum 2 and the said deflection angle α itself be taken into account. For this purpose, it can be monitored or determined by a suitable detection device, for example in the form of a limit switch or another sensor. The tilting drive 32 and / or the pivoting drive 33 can be activated as a function of the detected deflection angle α in order to keep the aforementioned deflection angle α within a predetermined range or to a desired value.

If, after winding a part of the winding area 10, the flange 9 delimiting this part of the winding area 10 is run over by the cable 16, the rotational speed of the cable drum 2 can advantageously be reduced in order to minimize wear on the cheeks of the cable guide channel 13. Alternatively or additionally, the cable drum 2 can be tilted or pivoted, so that said deflection angle α is minimal or goes to zero, so that the cable 16 runs exactly straight into the cable guide channel 13 in the flange 9, as this Fig. 1 clarified. Advantageously, the cable drum 2 can also be tilted or pivoted so that the rope runs away from the flanged wheels or end plates.

Said tilting or gift of the cable drum can optionally be combined with the axial displacement of the cable drum and / or the Seilumlenkrolle.

Claims (15)

1. A hoisting winch, in particular a hoisting gear winch, having a hoisting drum (2) whose winding region (6) is bounded by two lateral flanged wheels (4, 5), with at least one further flanged wheel (9, 23) being provided between the two lateral flanged wheels (4, 5) for dividing the winding region (6) into at least two part winding regions (10, 11, 22), wherein the cable (16) can be guided beyond the named further flanged wheel (9, 23) into the at least two part winding regions (10, 11, 22) and can be wound in a plurality of winding layers over one another, characterized in that the hoisting drum (2) is axially adjustable in the longitudinal direction (S) of the drum, with a cable run-in control apparatus (27) being provided for setting a respective plurality of axial positions of the hoisting drum (2) for the respective multilayer winding/unwinding of each part winding region (10, 11, 12).
2. A hoisting winch in accordance with the preceding claim, wherein the hoisting drum (2) is supported at oppositely disposed end sections (7) by a respective bearing slide (17, 18), wherein the bearing slides (17, 18) are displaceably supported substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction (S) of the drum, wherein an actuating drive (20) is associated with one of the bearing slides (17) for adjusting the hoisting drum (2) in the longitudinal direction (S) of the drum, wherein the bearing slides (17, 18) are displaceable independently of one another and/or are only held relative to one another in the axial direction by the hoisting winch (2).
3. A hoisting winch in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the hoisting drum (2) is configured as tiltable and/or pivotable about at least one transverse axis (30, 31) transversely to the longitudinal direction (S) of the drum, wherein a/the cable run-in control apparatus (27) is provided for setting at least two tilt and/or pivot angle positions of the hoisting drum (2) for the winding/unwinding of the at least two different part winding regions (10, 11,22).
4. A hoisting winch in accordance with the preceding claim, wherein the hoisting winch (2) is configured as tiltable and pivotable biaxially about two different transverse axes (30, 31) transversely to the longitudinal direction (S) of the drum, wherein in particular a tiltability of the hoisting drum (2) about a tilt axis (30) and a pivotability of the hoisting drum (2) about a pivot axis (31) is provided, wherein the tilt axis (30) and the pivot axis (31) are each orientated transversely to the longitudinal direction (S) of the drum and are orientated in transversely extending directions with respect to one another, wherein the cable run-in control apparatus (27) controls the tilt angle and/or pivot angle of the hoisting drum (2) in dependence on the run-in direction/run-off direction of the cable running into/off the hoisting drum (2).
5. A hoisting winch in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the hoisting drum (2) is supported by a respective bearing plate (17, 18) at oppositely disposed end sections (7), wherein the bearing plates (17, 18) are tiltably and/or pivotably supported and are adjustable by a tilt and/or pivot drive (32, 33).
6. A hoisting winch in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein an end section of the hoisting drum (2) is rotatably and tiltably supported at a bearing plate (17) and is coupled at an oppositely disposed end section (7) of the hoisting drum to a tilt and/or pivot drive (32, 33) and/or to an eccentric tappet (36) such that the named oppositely disposed end section (7) is adjustable relative to the tiltably supported end section of the hoisting drum (2) transversely to the longitudinal direction (S) of the drum by actuating the tilt and/or pivot drive (32, 33) and/or the eccentric tappet (36).
7. A hoisting winch in accordance with the preamble of claim 1 or in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein a cable run-in guide (24) is provided for guiding the run-in/run-off cable (16), wherein the cable run-in guide (24) is adjustable axially in the longitudinal direction (S) of the drum relative to the hoisting drum (2), wherein a/the cable run-in control apparatus (27) is provided for setting a respective plurality of axial positions of the cable run-in guide (24) for the multilayer winding/unwinding of each part winding region (10, 11, 22).
8. A hoisting winch in accordance with the preceding claim, wherein the cable run-in guide (24) comprises an axially adjustable cable deflection roller (21) with which an actuating drive (20) is associated, wherein the cable run-in guide (24) comprises axially adjustable transverse cable guide means (25) which are arranged between the hoisting drum (26) and the/a cable deflection roller (21), wherein the named cable deflection roller (21) is preferably supported in an oscillating and/or pivotable manner such that the cable deflection roller (21) aligns itself with respect to the transverse cable guide means (25) in accordance with the axial position thereof.
9. A hoisting winch in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable run-in control apparatus (27) holds the hoisting drum (2) and/or the cable run-in guide (24) on winding/unwinding of a first part winding region (10) in a first axial adjustment region and holds it in a second axial adjustment region on winding/unwinding a second part winding region (11), wherein the first and second axial adjustment regions are configured as different and preferably overlap-free.
10. A hoisting winch in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable run-in control apparatus (27) holds the hoisting drum (2) and/or the cable run-in guide (24) in an axial position on the running over of the at least one further flanged wheel (9) by the cable (16), the axial position being different from the axial positions on the winding/unwinding of the part winding regions (10, 11) and in particular being selected such that the cable (16) runs on and/or in substantially deflection-free onto the flanged wheel (9) and/or into a cable guide channel (23) formed therein.
11. A hoisting winch in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable run-in control apparatus (27) axially adjusts the hoisting drum (2) and/or the cable run-in guide (24) continuously or stepwise in dependence on a drum revolution, in particular a rotational position of the drum and/or a rotational speed of the drum, and on a winch pitch.
12. A hoisting winch in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable run-in control apparatus (27) axially adjusts the hoisting drum (2) and/or the cable run-in guide (24) continuously or stepwise in dependence on a cable run-in deflection angle (α), wherein a detection device (28) is provided for detecting the cable run-in deflection angle (α) and the cable run-in control apparatus (27) controls the hoisting drum (2) and/or the cable run-in guide (24) in dependence on a signal of the detection device (28).
13. A hoisting winch in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable run-in control apparatus (27) provides only a limited number of axial positions of the hoisting drum (2) and/or of the cable run-in guide (24) for each part winding region (10, 11, 22).
14. A hoisting winch in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotational speed of the hoisting drum (2) is reduced by a control apparatus on the moving of the cable (16) beyond the at least one further flanged wheel (9, 23).
15. A hoisting winch in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein a second hoisting drum (26) is provided which is axially displaceably supported together with the first hoisting drum (2), wherein the second hoisting drum (26) and the first hoisting drum (2) are configured as axially adjustable relative to one another.

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