Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
  • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B10/00—Drill bits
  • E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
  • E21B10/40—Percussion drill bits with leading portion
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B10/00—Drill bits
  • E21B10/62—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
  • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
  • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
  • E21B17/06—Releasing-joints, e.g. safety joints
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
  • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
  • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
  • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
  • E21D21/0033—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts having a jacket or outer tube
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
  • E21F16/00—Drainage

Definitions

• the invention concerns a device for a combined boring and placement system for jacket tubes, which after introduction into the borehole for creation of a drainage system or a pipe roof or an anchoring or a tubular pile remain in the rock mass and which when creating the borehole are connected via a coupling sleeve with the extension piece of the drill rod assembly, wherein the extension piece is fitted with a non-recoverable drill bit which for this purpose can be partially or fully detached from the extension piece.
• WO 98/21439 and WO 89/58132 disclose how, during the creation of the borehole, for example using a percussion or rotary percussion drilling machine, a jacket tube is introduced into the borehole such that upon completion of the borehole, part of the drill bit together with the drill rod assembly can be removed from the borehole, while the jacket tube itself remains in the borehole. Then a mortar or a multi-component adhesive is introduced into this jacket tube, so that together with the curable material it can act as an anchor in the borehole.
• EP 1 381 756 B2 discloses how a jacket tube is used having a continuous or at least substantially continuous slot and which is introduced with a stress, so that upon completion of the drilling work and removal of the drill rod assembly, with the drill bit remaining in the borehole, through expansion it provides a certain securing of the rock mass.
• the jacket tube or the drill bit or the tip of the drill rod assembly are connected together in such a way that the jacket tube can be introduced simultaneously into the borehole during drilling work. The jacket tube is therefore pulled. Because of the longitudinal slot the drilling debris released by creating the borehole is initially not specifically discharged at one point from the borehole, so that it is only with difficulty that it can be captured and removed.
• folding drilling systems are also known (DE 10 2005 046 495.5).
• the actual drill bit parts are configured such that they are matched to the internal section of the jacket tube to be positioned and similarly to conventional drill bits for the inner drill string can be moved backwards and forwards as required in the jacket tube.
• two or more folding elements are provided for the jacket tube, which can be folded radially markedly beyond the external diameter of the jacket tube. This position is also the drilling position, wherein a hole can be drilled which is greater than the external diameter of the jacket tube.
• the folding elements are designed and mounted in such a way that upon withdrawal of the drill rod assembly they automatically collapse.
• An advantage of this system is that there are no non- recoverable components, no rotation against the direction of rotation of drilling is necessary and that also unintended retraction of the system does not cause any damage.
• the disadvantage of this system is that it can only be used form diameters of > 102 mm. At lower diameters the folding systems in particular could no longer be put into practice in a satisfactory manner.
• the object of the invention now is to further develop a device for a boring and placement system such that boreholes of less than 102 mm, such as in particular 76 mm and also 64 mm, can also be produced and with a sufficiently secure connection between drill bit and drill rod assembly but with easy release of such a connection and with jacket tubes which can also be used as drainage pipes.
• the drill bit is connected with the allocated extension piece of drill rod assembly via a locking element that secures it against rotation, which to this end is arranged in a cage formed by the drill bit, extension piece and jacket tube, preferably secured in the axial, radial and tangential directions, and which can preferably be released from this via the assigned jacket tube covering the cage.
• the jacket tubes via the coupling sleeve which can be coupled to the extension piece in a releasable manner, can be inserted with the drill rod assembly into the borehole and can be used as drainage pipes.
• the jacket tube or typically more accurately the jacket tubes are inserted via the coupling sleeve into the borehole, wherein via an embodiment to be explained further on it is ensured that only a part of the impact and rotational energy is transferred via the coupling sleeve to the jacket tube.
• the main impact energy and the main torque are transferred by the extension piece to the drill bit, which ensures that the rock mass is crushed in the direction of drilling and in so doing the borehole is created.
• the extension piece of the drill rod assembly for its part is typically secured against rotation via the locking element with the drill bit, so that via the extension piece it is ensured that whatever the design of the drill bit this will always be provided with the necessary rotational and impact energy.
• the rotational energy or the torque is transferred via the locking element, which has a correspondingly suitable design and arrangement, which likewise will be explained in more detail further on. Since the jacket tube as such is inserted via the coupling sleeve into the borehole and in fact follows the outer rim of the drill bit, once the end position has been reached the coupling sleeve can be positioned and influenced in such as way that it does not move the jacket tube any further, if via the rotary percussive hammer the extension piece with the corresponding part or the entire drill bit is driven a little further into the borehole. This further driving of this part exposes the cage, because now it is no longer covered by the jacket tube, so that the locking element can leave the cage and thus release the connection.
• the cage is designed to allow the locking element a defined room for manoeuvre.
• the cage is designed to limit the room for manoeuvre of the locking element radially to 0.5 - 1 .5 mm, tangentially to 0.5 - 3 mm and/or axially to 5 - 50 mm.
• the cage in the case of such a non-recoverable ring drill bit and pilot drill bit is created by a longitudinal groove in the pilot drill bit, the sides of a locking window of the ring drill bit and the overlapping inner wall of the jacket tube. It will be clear from just the description that this cage securely accommodates the locking element and accommodates it such that during drilling work it is always securely arranged in the cage and in the process can perform the aforementioned dual function in particular in the case of the non-recoverable ring drill bit.
• the ring drill bit is provided with the necessary torque and at the same time it is ensured that the ring drill bit and the pilot drill bit adopt and retain on the extension piece of the drill rod assembly the precise position that is necessary for creating an optimum borehole.
• the pilot drill bit or in particular the ring drill bit cannot leave the specified position, but during drilling both these always adopt the specified optimum position, so that a secure and even creation of the desired borehole can be achieved.
• the cage in the case of a drill bit in the form of such a non-recoverable full face drill bit is formed by an annular groove in the pilot adapter of the extension piece, the sides of the locking window of the full face bit and the overlapping inner wall of the jacket tube.
• the locking element is designed as a locking bolt or locking ball. It is suitable here for the locking bolt to be used on the non-recoverable ring drill bit and the pilot drill, while the locking ball can in particular be used on the non-recoverable full face.
• a further possibility for torque transmission is if the torque is transferred by the pilot adapter to the non-recoverable full face bit via a polygonal journal on the pilot adapter and a corresponding, polygonal inner contour on the full face bit and the components are correspondingly designed.
• a jacket tube start piece assigned to the drill bit and a jacket tube end piece assigned to the adapter are provided, wherein the MF drill rod assembly of the extension piece to ensure sufficient coverage has approximately the same length as the jacket tube pieces.
• the MF drill rods and the jacket tubes are of the same length it is ensured that the front jacket tube or the jacket tube start piece also always covers the cage described such that the locking element during the drilling process and when in the waiting position always remains securely housed in the cage.
• the normal manufacturing tolerances for both systems are coped with without problems by the drilling system overall.
• the coupling sleeve can then perform the necessary functions, if it comprises an impact, slide and ejection adapter and a slide and ejection bell that comprises these and covers the jacket tubes.
• the adapter or more accurately the impact, slide and ejection adapter is connected between the drill rod assembly and the rotary drill hammer and ensures that above all the described impact energy and also the torque of the hammer is transferred to the drill rod assembly and thus to the drill bit.
• the adapter is at the same time a sliding adapter, because it impinges via the covering sliding and ejection bell on the jacket tube or the jacket tubes and pushes these evenly into the borehole. It serves as an ejection part, which is explained only in extensive detail below, in that it delivers the arriving drilling debris at a constant rate from the borehole, so that the minimum clogging within the borehole occurs.
• jacket tubes are according to the invention mainly used as drainage systems, so that after the drilling debris later on also water or other fluids can also emerge and be drained off, if the coupling sleeve remains on the end of the jacket tube. To open the cage by releasing the connection between the coupling sleeve and the jacket tube, the extension rod or the drill rod assembly is pushed further into the borehole.
• This impact ring has a detachable design, in order that at the moment described above it is possible to release the connection between the drill rod assembly and the jacket tube. It is designed such that during the actual drilling work it ensures that the jacket tube is pushed with it into the borehole and upon completion of the drilling work the drill rod assembly alone can then be pushed further into the borehole. With the further driving-in the cage is opened, because the jacket tube no longer actually covers the cage and the connection between the extension piece and the drill bit is removed. Via the annular groove in the adapter the impact energy is absorbed to a sufficient extent and via the impact ring and sliding and ejection bell transferred to the jacket tube. The sliding and ejection bell itself, on the other hand, sits in a sliding manner on the adapter, thus on the impact, sliding and ejection adapter.
• the release of the impact ring from the adapter is achieved in a particularly suitable manner if the impact ring is comprised two half-shells, which are held together by an elastic O-ring arranged in the annular groove which can be removed from its seat.
• an elastic O-ring keeps the half-shells in the seat and in the active position without any problem, especially as these two half-shells or the impact ring actually sit firmly in the pre-formed annular groove. If now the 0- ring is detached and the two half-shells removed, the sliding and ejection bell no longer experiences any impacts and slides on the adapter, so that the drill rod assembly without taking the jacket tube with it can be drilled further into the rock, until the locking elements or the locking element have or has dropped out of the cage.
• the invention provides that the impact ring positioned in the annular groove is designed to interfere with and be located in a supporting groove formed in the bell. During active work the impact ring is thus also retained by the bell, so that the elastic O- ring really only needs to hold the two half-shells together. Upon completion of the actual drilling work and removal of the O-ring the two half-shells are removed from the annular groove and the supporting groove, so that then as shown the drill rod assembly can be drilled further into the rock mass without taking the jacket tube with it.
• the jacket tubes can at the same time in an especially simple and suitable manner be used as drainage pipes, if as proposed according to the invention they have through-holes arranged and formed distributed over their circumference and length or a mesh design. In particular with said through-holes it is ensured that through the impacts over-stressing of the jacket tubes cannot occur. The same applies if the mesh design is correspondingly strong or "impact resistant".
• the drilling debris is to the greatest possible extent delivered from the borehole, in order not to unnecessarily impede later work, which is achieved in that in order to discharge the drilling debris between the ring drill bit and pilot drill bit and further between the pilot drill bit and jacket tube or between the full face bit and the jacket tube start piece longitudinal grooves and then a sufficiently dimensioned annular space between the extension piece of the drill rod assembly and the jacket tube are provided, and on the coupling sleeve a longitudinal channel between the adapter and sliding and ejection bell and finally an adjoining ejection window in the sliding and ejection bell.
• This embodiment ensures that said drilling debris is delivered at an intended point and thus can also be reliably collected.
• a channel system within the drill rig as a whole is created, so that the drilling debris via the flushing medium, in particular flushing water, can be easily and reliably delivered, without leading the clogging at any point.
• the invention is characterised in particular in that with the drilling system described, unlike the known folding drilling system it is possible to also drill at diameter ranges of significantly less than 102 mm. Where non-recoverable drill bits are used, both ring and full face, unlike the prior art with the new system there are no functional defects to complain of.
• the connection created between the drill rod assembly and the drill bit is so solid and secure that the impact energy can be effectively transferred from the carrier element to the non-recoverable drill bit and also the part drill bit, such that guided rotation and torque transfer are fully guaranteed and that the non-recoverable drill bit cannot unintentionally slip off or be removed from the carrier element in any drilling situation.
• the invention means that the desired decoupling of the non-recoverable drill bit once drilling is complete can take place easily, quickly, securely and without any additional dangers. This also means that for decoupling no rotation against the direction of rotation is necessary.
• the invention allows the use of non-recoverable ring drill bits and also the use of non-recoverable full face bits. It therefore covers a very broad range of dimensions and applications and allows corresponding optimisations.
• Figure 1 a boring and placement rig with jacket tubes having through- holes or a mesh design and with a ring drill bit and pilot drill bit and with a full face bit;
• Figure 2 the boring and placement device with ring and pilot drill bit in cross-section
• Figure 3 the boring and placement device with full face bit in cross- section
• Figure 4 the ring- and pilot drill bit according to Figure 2 in frontal view
• Figure 5 the full face bit according to Figure 3 in frontal view
• Figure 6 the front section of the device according to Figure 2 in an
• Figure 7 the front part of the device according to Figure 3 in an
• Figure 8 the end piece according to Figure 2 or Figure 3 turned towards the drill hammer (not shown) in an enlarged representation.
• Figure 1 shows a boring and placement device 1 without the associated drill hammer, in particular rotary drill hammer. This is connected to the drilling rig at the point identified by 2, wherein 2 is also the actual drill rod assembly.
• the middle representation in Figure 1 shows a boring and placement device 1 composed of a number of parts.
• the coupling sleeve 3 is provided, which ensures that the rotational energy of the rotary drill hammer is transferred from the drill rod assembly 2 to the jacket tube 5 or the jacket tubes.
• These jacket tubes 5 enclose the extension piece 4 of the drill rod assembly 2 and the drill rod assembly 2 itself and at the front end carry the drill bit 6.
• a non-recoverable ring drill bit 7 and a pilot drill bit 8 are shown, while in the bottom representation a full face bit 9 is shown. All drill bits 7, 8, 9 are fitted with hard metal pins 10 and ensure that the impact and rotational energy exerted by the rotary drill hammer is employed so that the upcoming rock mass which is not shown here is crushed and a drill hole results.
• the jacket tubes 5 are provided with through-holes 1 1 , 12 in both the middle and bottom representations while in the top representation a mesh construction 13 is shown, via which the jacket tubes 5 remaining in the boreholes can simultaneously be used as drainage pipes.
• the jacket tube 5 comprises the jacket tube sections 15, 15' and the jacket tube start piece 16 and the jacket tube end piece 17. These jacket tubes 15, 16, 17 have a certain length and serves to ensure that the locking element 20 used as an important connection element always remains in the cage 21 visible in Figure 2, immediately drilling work is carried out.
• Figure 2 shows the boring and placement device 1 in the middle of Figure 1 , wherein the cross-section illustrates how the drill rod assembly 2 extends as far as the extension piece 4, which has a threaded connection with the drill rod assembly 2.
• This extension piece 4 carries at its front end pilot drill bit 8 or transitions into this pilot drill bit 8.
• the ring drill bit 7 is arranged on this pilot drill bit 8 in a detachable or displaceable manner. The two are held together by means of the aforementioned locking element 20, which here takes the form of a locking bolt 32.
• This locking element 20 is arranged in a longitudinal groove 22 of the pilot drill bit 8 and protrudes over this longitudinal groove 22 into and through the locking window 23 which is formed in the ring drill bit 7.
• the locking window 23 with sides 24 results, which always ensure that the ring drill bit 7 rotates along with the pilot drill bit 8.
• the cage 21 is covered via the inner wall 25 of the jacket tube 5 or the jacket tube start piece 16.
• the first drill rod of the drill rod assembly 2 in the representation according to Figure 2 and Figure 3 is referred to as the MF drill rod 34. It has the same length as the individual jacket tube sections 15, 15', so that the necessary coverage of the cage 21 via the jacket tube 5 is always ensured.
• Figure 3 shows a design in which instead of the partitioned drill bit 6 a full face bit 9 is used.
• This full face bit 9 is also equipped with hard metal pins 10.
• the delivery from the flushing hole takes place here via the flushing hole 56 in the full face bit 9.
• pilot adapter 28 is mounted on an extension piece 4 in the form of a pilot adapter 28, wherein this pilot adapter 28 also has a threaded connection with the drill rod assembly 2.
• a locking element 20, here in the form of a locking ball 33 again provides a connection secured against rotation between the full face bit 9 and drill rod assembly 2.
• This locking ball 33 is at first seated in the annular groove 27, which can be seen from Figure 7 and between the sides 30 of the locking window 29 in the full face bit 9 or in its shaft 35.
• This cage 21 is again covered by the jacket tube 5 or more accurately by the jacket tube start piece 16.
• Figure 4 is a frontal view of the combined ring drill bit 7 and pilot drill bit 8, while Figure 5 is a front view of the full face bit 9. It can be seen that all these drill bits are fitted with a plurality of hard metal pins 10.
• Figures 6 and 7 are enlargements of the front parts of the boring and placement devices 1 shown in Figures 2 and 3. Building on that which has already been stated above, here it is shown how the drilling debris in the representation according to Figure 6 initially flows via the longitudinal groove 45 between the ring drill bit 7 and pilot drill bit 8, before ingress from the longitudinal groove 46 between the jacket tube and pilot drill bit into the annular space 48. Discharge of the flushing medium is managed in a similar way in accordance with Figure 7.
• the drilling debris is delivered via the annular space 48 or 49, which extends around the drill rod assembly 2, before reaching via the longitudinal channel 50 the impact, slide and ejection adapter 36 or the sliding and ejection bell 37.
• the longitudinal channel 50 leads into a kind of annular recess 52 and from there via the ejection window 51 into the environment.
• the drilling debris can thus be securely collected and disposed of.
• the impact, slide and ejection adapter 36 has the connection 60 to the drill hammer and also the connection to the drill rod assembly 2, wherein here a screw thread is provided.
• the inner channel for the flushing medium is labelled 54.
• the ejection bell 37 is mounted on the impact, slide and ejection adapter 36, wherein the impact ring 38 ensures that this sliding and ejection bell 37 moves as well, while the sliding and ejection bell 37 in itself is arranged in a sliding manner on the adapter 36.
• This sliding and ejection bell 37 has a sliding surface 58, via which it is ensured that when the sliding and ejection bell 37 moves with the drill rod assembly 2 the jacket tube 5 or the jacket tubes is/are also displaced.
• the impact ring 38 is arranged in an annular groove 39 of the adapter. This comprises two half-shells 40, 41 and an O-ring 42 holding these together. In the design according to Figure 8 it protrudes into the sliding and ejection bell 37, which has a supporting groove 59 for this purpose. This results in the supporting surface labelled 43, which ensures that the impact ring 38 always carries with it the sliding and ejection bell 37 described and thus also the jacket tube 5, as long as it is in the position shown in Figure 8.
• the jacket tubes 5 are slid by the sliding and ejection bell 37 over the corresponding sliding surface and moved forwards as drilling progresses.
• the latter receives the sliding force and thus the sliding movement for its part from the impact, slide and ejection adapter 36 and the half-shells 40, 41 of the impact ring 38 affixed thereto.
• Part of the impact energy of the drill hammer or rotary drill hammer machine is therefore transferred by the adapter 36 via this impact ring 38 and the sliding and ejection bell 37 outwards to the jacket tubes 5 and therefore promotes their forward movement.
• the main component of the impact energy is transferred by the spigots or the connection 60 of the rotary percussion drilling machine via the adapter 36 to the MF drill rod 8 and the furthest forward drill rod 7.
• the impact energy is then transferred further into the pilot drill bit 8, in which it is transferred in part to the front side via the hard metal pins 10 or also plates to the rock and there causes the demolition of the rock in a central area of the bottom of the borehole, part of it being transferred via the locking element 20 and the associated design of the pilot drill bit 8 to the ring drill bit 7, which thus brings about the rock removal in the annular area assigned to it.
• Torque transfer from the pilot drill bit 8 to the non-recoverable ring drill bit 7 takes place as mentioned via the locking bolt 32 or via the locking ball 33 and via the sides 30 of the annular groove 27 in the pilot adapter 28, so that here also the desired drilling work can be reliably performed.
• Torque transfer by the pilot adapter 28 to the non-recoverable full face bit 9 takes place in a variant of the locking bolt 32 or the locking ball 33, via the side 30 of the annular groove or of the locking window 29 and then to the full face bit 9.
• torque transfer by the pilot adapter 28 to the non-recoverable full face bit 9 takes place via a polygonal journal on the pilot adapter 28 and a corresponding polygonal internal contour on the non-recoverable full face bit 9 or its shaft 35.
• the room for manoeuvre for the locking bolt 32 or the locking ball 33 in the cage 21 is ultimately determined by the size of the components. Radial plays of 0.5 - 1 .5 mm, tangential plays of 0.5 - 3 mm and axial plays of 5 - 50 mm are suitable.
• the jacket tube 5 or the jacket tube start piece 16 should be in the correct axial position, e.g. it must fully cover the locking window 23 or 29 or securely overlap this. This is easy to achieve by making the MF drill rods 34 and the die jacket tubes 5 the same length.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-01-20 DE DE201210000983 patent/DE102012000983A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2013
  • 2013-01-21 EP EP13706671.8A patent/EP2805015A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-01-21 WO PCT/GB2013/050130 patent/WO2013108051A2/en not_active Ceased

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