EP2804189B1 - Chambre de coupure pour un appareil de protection électrique et appareil de protection électrique le comportant - Google Patents

Chambre de coupure pour un appareil de protection électrique et appareil de protection électrique le comportant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2804189B1
EP2804189B1 EP14163876.7A EP14163876A EP2804189B1 EP 2804189 B1 EP2804189 B1 EP 2804189B1 EP 14163876 A EP14163876 A EP 14163876A EP 2804189 B1 EP2804189 B1 EP 2804189B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
arc
wall
arc extinguishing
extinguishing chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14163876.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2804189A1 (fr
Inventor
Luc Moreau
Loïc Rondot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2804189A1 publication Critical patent/EP2804189A1/fr
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Publication of EP2804189B1 publication Critical patent/EP2804189B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/08—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/345—Mounting of arc chutes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the interrupting chamber of an electrical protection apparatus, comprising an arc-forming chamber enclosing a fixed contact and a movable contact, which, at the moment of their separation form an arc between them, said training chamber arc communicating with the entrance of a second chamber, said arc extinction.
  • circuit breakers in particular miniature limiting circuit-breakers
  • phenomena of reclamation occur, which degrade more or less strongly the quality of the cut.
  • Some of these devices such as those described for example in the documents EP 1 017 072 or FR 2,471,661 , comprise elements forming insulating gates situated downstream of the arc extinguishing chamber, and whose orifices are intended to allow the passage of the gases generated during the arc cutting.
  • This plastic grid placed against the extinguishing chamber and downstream thereof is to evacuate and control the outflow so as to prevent the reclamation between fins at the rear of the extinguishing chamber, and to prevent the arc from settling downstream.
  • This insulating gate placed downstream of the extinguishing chamber is made either by an additional non-fusible piece (fiber or thermosetting plastic), which increases the cost, or by adding a suitable molded form with the thermoplastic case, which melts when the device is subjected to several successive short circuits, which further disrupts the exhaust gas cutoff.
  • the present invention solves these problems and proposes a breaking chamber for an electrical protection device, as well as an electrical protection device comprising it, making it possible to improve the quality of the cutoff so as to improve the energy capacity of the apparatus.
  • the subject of the present invention is a breaking chamber according to claim 1.
  • the invention makes it possible to rebalance the circulation of the gases, by limiting the circulation in certain places where it was satisfactory in favor of another place where it was insufficient.
  • This characteristic has the additional advantage of eliminating the use of an insulating grid usually used to prevent the arc from being established downstream of the chamber, and usually located by necessity very close to the chamber. This grid had indeed the disadvantage of melting at the time of the cut, which caused an obstruction impeding the flow of exhaust gas.
  • this balancing partition performs the same function as the grid, in addition to its primary function which is to balance the flow of gases, does not need to be placed as close to the extinguishing chamber as the grid, present a very limited melting and vaporization, which allows it not to disturb the flow of gases, but is sufficient to maintain the arc in the chamber.
  • this partition also has the advantage of being more robust than a grid, and to be easier to mold.
  • the aforesaid arc extinguishing chamber comprises a number of reduced cooling elements allowing the block formed by all of these cooling elements to be inclined relative to the base of the apparatus, and the aforesaid wall extends substantially parallel to the base of the apparatus.
  • the aforementioned wall extends at an angle of between 3 and 15 ° with the alignment direction of the aforementioned cooling elements.
  • the aforementioned wall is integral with the housing or the cover of the apparatus.
  • said arc extinguishing chamber comprising means for holding the cooling elements relative to each other, said wall being an integral part of these means for holding the cooling elements.
  • the aforementioned balancing wall is an integral part of the bottom wall of the aforementioned holding means of the cooling elements, said bottom wall comprising, around said balancing wall, slots extending substantially parallel to the elements of the cooling, and whose length varies from one end to the other of the wall.
  • the same part performs three functions, namely maintaining the fins, balancing the flow of gas, and the limitation of the risk of reclamation.
  • the present invention also relates to an electrical protection apparatus comprising at least one polar unit mounted in a housing, said polar unit having a breaking chamber having the aforementioned characteristics taken alone or in combination.
  • this device is a low-voltage electrical circuit breaker.
  • a miniature circuit breaker pole p comprising an insulating housing B having on its front face a maneuvering handle M and on its two narrow side faces, connection terminals 1,2. Inside the housing are housed, as is known per se, a movable contact 3 and a fixed contact 4. The movable contact 3 is controlled by a control mechanism C connecting the aforesaid lever M to the movable contact for closing or opening the contacts. In this housing are also housed a thermal trip unit 5 and an electromagnetic release 6 may cause, in case of overload or short circuit, an automatic opening of the contacts 3,4.
  • the lower part of the housing B encloses a breaking chamber 7 constituted by a first so-called arc-forming chamber 8, communicating with the inlet of a second chamber 9, said arc extinction, the latter comprising fins 10.
  • the movable contact 3 extends substantially perpendicular to the plane in which the plates extend, so as to stretch an arc between the contacts during their separation, whose initial direction is substantially parallel to the plates.
  • the aforementioned breaking chamber 7 is delimited laterally by arc horns 11, 12 respectively electrically connected to the two aforementioned terminals. These arc horns are arranged to capture the arc drawn between the contacts during their separation. As such a circuit breaker is well known to specialists, it will be useless to describe in more detail its arrangement or its operation.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 9 of the circuit breaker simply has at its downstream part, a grid 13 made of a plastic material, advantageously molded with the housing or the cover of the device.
  • the function of this grid is to prevent the arc from reforming behind the fins downstream of the arc extinction chamber.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 9 comprises a so-called balancing wall 14 extending along a plane P inclined with respect to the alignment direction D of the separators 10, or still the plane of the base 22 of the apparatus, at an angle ⁇ of about 5 ° preferably, so that the balancing wall 14 is closer to the separators 10 on the side i where the gases enter first in the arc extinguishing chamber 9 (right side of the figure), and further away from the other side j (left side of the figure).
  • this wall extends substantially over the entire width of the interrupting chamber, this width being defined parallel to the base of the apparatus and perpendicular to the plane of attachment of the apparatus.
  • This wall is very close to the block of blades, that is to say almost in contact with it.
  • the value of the aforementioned angle is advantageously between 3 and 15 °, and preferably 5 °.
  • this side where the wall 14 is closest corresponds to the opposite side to the fixed and movable contacts 4 and 3. So, we see on the figure 2 that the wall 14 is closer to the extinguishing chamber 9 on the side of the arcuate horn 12 situated on the side of the fastening surface of the apparatus, and moves away gradually from this chamber when one goes towards the other side.
  • this wall 14 is molded with the housing or the cover of the device.
  • the modulation of the exhaust section is obtained this time by a partition 14 extending substantially parallel to the rear face of the fin block, and having a width l more and more reduced, as illustrated on the figure 5 , so as to create, from one side to the other of the wall 14, an exhaust section s of increasing size, the exhaust section s being the smallest on the side where the gases enter first into the bow extinction chamber 9.
  • this wall has a trapezoidal shape.
  • gray fiber 15 surrounds all the separators 10 on the exhaust side and is intended to maintain these separators so as to form a fin block A constituting the extinction chamber of the arc 9.
  • This part is a part independent of the walls of the housing or the lid, and therefore has a temperature resistance better than the plastic material used for the partitions of the device. It is therefore not necessary to move it away, as is the case when using an inclined wall integral with the walls of the housing.
  • the modulation of the size of the exhaust section s is achieved by producing in the aforementioned part, on either side of a solid portion 16, openings 17 all of the same width, but whose length increases towards the end of the chamber located on the side j of the fixed contact 4, so as to create more exhaust on this side and less on the opposite side i.
  • the size of the arc extinguishing chamber 9 is reduced by the fact that the number of cooling fins 18 is 10 compared to the number of fins, namely 12, used in the previously described embodiments.
  • the alignment direction D of the fins extends substantially parallel to the base 22 of the apparatus, and it is the wall 14 which is inclined with respect to this alignment direction D and this base 22.
  • the fin block A which is inclined with respect to the base 22 of the apparatus, which is made possible by the fact that the number of fins is reduced.
  • the balancing wall 14 extends in this case in a plane parallel to the base 22 of the apparatus, and is inclined with respect to the alignment direction D of the fins 18 of the chamber, by an angle of about 5 °, preferably.
  • the flow of gases generated during the cut is represented by arrows located inside the arc extinguishing chamber.
  • the invention in its various embodiments, makes it possible to eliminate the insulating gate provided in the prior art.
  • the balancing partition is of uniform width, it must necessarily be inclined at an angle between 3 and 15 ° with respect to the alignment direction or the lower face of the cooling elements.
  • the balancing partition is of trapezoidal shape
  • the angle of inclination which may vary between 0 and 15 ° .
  • the flow of gas due to the formation of the arc separates into a part b passing through the arc extinguishing chamber 9 on one side i of this chamber, while another part c gas is discharged in a turbulence zone y, the insulating gate 13 placed downstream of the arc extinguishing chamber 9 thus having a direct exhaust zone u and a discharge zone v.
  • one i sides i, j of the extinguishing chamber 9 is reached first by the gas a, inducing a flow of gas on the fins 18a located on that side.
  • This first circulation hinders or even prevents the flow of gas between the other fins 18b.
  • the exhaust gases are stopped by the central portion 19 of the inclined wall 14 and escape through the outer edges 20 of the partition 14 in the direction of the exhaust port 21 provided in the housing B.
  • FIG. figure 3 which represents the arc voltage and the current flowing through the circuit breaker as a function of time, for a so-called reference product corresponding to the prior art and for an apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the curves d and e represent the arc voltages respectively for the reference product and for an apparatus according to the invention
  • the curves f, g represent the currents flowing through the circuit breaker respectively for these same devices.
  • the current shown on the left scale is in amperes, while the voltage shown on the right scale is in volts.
  • the time on the abscissa is in seconds.
  • the partition 14 of degressive width provides, in the same manner as for the previous embodiment, a rebalancing of the flow of gas through the extinguishing chamber.
  • the known piece known as "gray fiber 15" is used to hold the fins 18 to form the arc extinguishing chamber 9, this part surrounding the exhaust-side chamber, on the one hand, ensure the function associated with the insulating grid 13 and, secondly, ensure a rebalancing of the flow of gases.
  • this fiber 15 comprises a bottom wall 23 having a solid portion 16 having a width degressive as in the case of the embodiment illustrated in FIG.
  • a cut-off chamber of simple design which makes it possible to reduce the relapses due to a bad insertion of the arc into the chamber, this bad insertion being itself due to a poorly controlled circulation of the gases.
  • the elements provided by the invention downstream of the arc extinguishing chamber it increases the gas flow upstream of the chamber and allows a complete insertion of the arc. This generates a gain in robustness of the device, without additional cost.
  • the cut is improved by controlling the arc voltage. Indeed, the increase of the arc voltage reduces the energy to be absorbed by the device, improve the energy capacity of the devices, and thus limit all the damage due to a short circuit.
  • the invention also makes it possible to eliminate the insulating grid that is usually used, which leads to a rationalization in the design of the appliances in which this breaking chamber is intended to be used.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
EP14163876.7A 2013-05-17 2014-04-08 Chambre de coupure pour un appareil de protection électrique et appareil de protection électrique le comportant Active EP2804189B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1354423A FR3005781B1 (fr) 2013-05-17 2013-05-17 Chambre de coupure pour un appareil de protection electrique et appareil de protection electrique la comportant.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2804189A1 EP2804189A1 (fr) 2014-11-19
EP2804189B1 true EP2804189B1 (fr) 2018-03-07

Family

ID=48874334

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14163876.7A Active EP2804189B1 (fr) 2013-05-17 2014-04-08 Chambre de coupure pour un appareil de protection électrique et appareil de protection électrique le comportant

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US9362070B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP2804189B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (1) CN104167315B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR102014011688B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2663241T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR3005781B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IN (1) IN2014CH02374A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
RU (1) RU2649969C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109087829B (zh) * 2017-06-14 2024-08-27 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 小型断路器
CN113302714A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2021-08-24 万高电机及控制装置自动化有限公司 用于断路器的模制壳体中的开关模块和模块化模制壳体中的断路器
FR3098008A1 (fr) * 2019-06-26 2021-01-01 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Appareil électrique de commutation comportant un dispositif de filtrage
CN115547766A (zh) * 2021-06-29 2022-12-30 施耐德电器工业公司 微型断路器
CN114357808B (zh) * 2022-03-15 2022-06-21 国网湖北省电力有限公司营销服务中心(计量中心) 一种招弧角间隙电弧运动模型的建立方法及系统

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR102014011688A2 (pt) 2015-06-02
BR102014011688B1 (pt) 2021-08-17
RU2014119515A (ru) 2015-11-20
CN104167315A (zh) 2014-11-26
US20140339197A1 (en) 2014-11-20
FR3005781A1 (fr) 2014-11-21
EP2804189A1 (fr) 2014-11-19
ES2663241T3 (es) 2018-04-11
IN2014CH02374A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 2015-07-03
CN104167315B (zh) 2019-05-03
US9362070B2 (en) 2016-06-07
RU2649969C2 (ru) 2018-04-06
FR3005781B1 (fr) 2016-09-23

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