Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D5/00—Other wind motors
  • F03D5/06—Other wind motors the wind-engaging parts swinging to-and-fro and not rotating
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
  • F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
  • F03D3/06—Rotors
  • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
  • F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
  • F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
  • F03D3/068—Cyclic movements mechanically controlled by the rotor structure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
  • F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
  • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

• the invention relates to devices aimed to utilisation of kinetic energy of wind, turning it firstly into mechanical energy, and then by electric generators into electric energy.
• Section F - Mechanical engineering Class F 03 D - Wind motors, Group F 03 D 3/06 - Rotors, 5/06 - Wind- engaging parts swinging to-and-fro and not rotating, 7/06 - Wind motors having rotation axis substantially at right angle of attack to wind direction, and 1 1/00 - related to Details and component parts.
• the technical problem that is solved by this invention relates to constructing a wind generator that will efficiently eliminate the above mentioned technical problems and enable better transformation of the wind's kinetic energy into electricity.
• Wind generators are divided into three groups by their sizes, that is, installed powers: small, up to 100 kW, medium, from 100 kW to 1.5 MW, and large, over 1.5 MW. Wind generators are to be used only at locations where the average wind speed is over 4.5 m/sec, and an ideal location should have constant wind flow, free of turbulences. These can be divided into inland, coastal and off-shore ones.
• the essence of the invention is wind generator with a horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of wings.
• the translational wing movement is transmitted by the horizontal bar parallelogram that turns a working shaft with off-centre that, in turn, rotates a fly-wheel positioned on a common shaft with the electric generator.
• the control bar of the horizontal bar parallelogram is fitted an actuator that enables positioning of the wing always at the best angle of attack.
• the wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of wings has at least one symmetrical airfoil shaped wing.
• the wings are positioned vertical and firmly fitted to consoles.
• This invention describes in further details embodiment and functioning of wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of two wings.
• Figure 1 shows wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of two wings - perspective view.
• Figure 2 shows wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of two wings - front view.
• Figure 3 shows the wind generator shown in the Figure 2 - side view.
• Figure 4 shows the wind generator shown in the Figure 2 - top view.
• Figure 5 shows the wind generator shown in the Figure 4 in its left-side intermediate position - top view.
• Figure 6 shows the wind generator shown in the Figure 4 in its right-side intermediate position - top view.
• Figure 7 shows wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of one wing - top view.
• Figure 8 shows wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of three wings - top view.
• Figure 9 shows ideal air flow around a horizontal shaft wind generator.
• Figure 10 shows vectorial presentation of forces acting at aerodynamic profile of wing of a horizontal shaft wind generator.
• wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational wing movements is designed in several variants, with regard to the number of its wings.
• Figure 1 shows a two-wing wind generator of the variant B
• Figure 7 shows a one-wing wind generator of the variant C
• Figure 8 shows a three-wing wind generator of the variant D.
• wind generators may have more than three wings.
• This invention description presents in more details wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of two wings.
• two-wing wind generator instead of its full name “wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of two wings", the invention is referred to as a “two-wing wind generator”.
• Figures 2, 3 and 4 show embodiment of a two-wing wind generator, in its front and side views, as well as the upper view with wings in the central position, whereas Figures 5 and 6 show its upper views with wings in the left-side and right-side intermediate positions.
• Wings 1 are shaped as symmetric airfoils. The wings are firmly, vertically and mutually parallel fitted to the lower console 2 and the upper console 3.
• the consoles ate connected to a wing at about 1/4 of its length from its bottom end and 1/4 from its upper end, respectively.
• upper console 3 To the upper console 3 is connected, by joint 5, upper working bar 4.
• lower console 2 To the lower console 2 is connected, by joint 7, lower working bar 6.
• the upper and the lower working bars are firmly fitted to working shaft 12 that, when wings are in motion, swings left and right.
• control bar 8 is fitted with actuator 1 1.
• the control bar turns in console 10 that is firmly fitted to tubular extension 16 of platform 14.
• the platform 14 is connected to electro motor 15 that swings the platform 14.
• wind indicator 22 and anemometer 23 At the top of the working shaft 12 are fitted wind indicator 22 and anemometer 23.
• the wind indicator shows wind direction, and the anemometer wind force.
• the wind indicator and the anemometer are connected with the actuator 11 and the electro motor 15, this making the wings 1 to move translational, swing and change the movement direction, relative to the wind direction and force.
• Translational movement is enabled by the horizontal bar parallelogram comprising the lower working bar 6 and the control bar 8.
• the horizontal bar parallelogram comprising the lower working bar 6 and the control bar 8 with the console 10 and the actuator 11 , maintains the parallel position of the wings when swinging left and right, where the best angle of attack a of air streamlines to the wing 1 remains unchanged. Centreline of the wing left-to-right swing is downwind, that is, the centreline of the angle 2 ⁇ is always to be downwind, Fig. 4.
• the working shaft 12 has off-centre 13.
• the off-centre 13 has, at its arm, tang 17 that is positioned from the working shaft 12 at the distance "L".
• the tang 17 turns fly-wheel 18.
• the size "L" of the arm is conditioned by the deflection angle ⁇ and the fly-wheel size, aimed to smoother passing the dead point in its rotation.
• the fly-wheel constantly rotates in the same direction, thus turning the swinging moment of the working shaft into mechanical work.
• the common generator shaft 19 with the fly-wheel are fitted revolution multiplier 20 and electricity generator 21 that turns wind energy into electricity.
• the fly-wheel 18 is necessary because the wings 1 at their swing end-positions change the angle of attack a into opposite direction, and the wing passes through a zero drive.
• the wings are to be at the angle of attack a of wind direction to the wing chord. Constancy of the angle of attack a throughout the oscillation is provided by the horizontal bar parallelogram.
• the force F at the wings 1 is to be proportionate to the angle of attack a and the wind speed. This is one of the ways of protecting from extreme wind forces.
• the actuator receives information on the value of extracting or retracting the control bar 8 into or from the actuator 11 , changing thereby the angle of attack a, from the anemometer 23. The stronger the wind, the lesser the control bar 8 is extracted or retracted into or from the actuator 11 , and vice versa.
• the aerodynamic force F at wings of the wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements having three or more wings is multiplied, where mutual distance between the wings is to be at least about 20% larger than the length of the wing chord.
• wind generator with one or more wings makes high towers unnecessary, and other essential wind generator parts are placed on the ground. This reduces costs of constructing, assembling and servicing. There are no rotating wings that endanger the surrounding area when broken, because here a wing may, in the worst option, fall next to the tower. Small speed of wing translational movement eliminates dangers for birds.
• Wind generators with one or more wings eliminate setbacks about circumferential forces that appear at rotating wings in wind generators with horizontal shafts.
• Figure 9 shows air flow around the wind generator with horizontal shaft and rotating wings
• Figure 10 shows vectorial presentation of forces acting at aerodynamic profile of wing of a horizontal shaft wind generator.
• Wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of two wings is started as follows:
• the wind indicator 22 When wind started, the wind indicator 22 automatically positions itself into the wind direction. At the same time, the wind indicator instructs, by wire or wirelessly, the electro motor 15 to turn the platform 14 with the tubular extension 16 to which is fitted the console 10 of the control bar 8.
• the control bar 8 and the lower working bar 6 make parts of the horizontal bar parallelogram, to which, via the lower console 2, fitted are the wings , that are also positioned into the wind direction, regardless of the position they had been in before the wind started.
• Wing movements, between the two end positions, are transmitted by the upper working bar 4 and the lower working bar 6 to the working shaft 2.
• the working shaft turns the off- centre 13 that, by the tang 17 at the tip of the arm "L”, moves fly-wheel 18.
• the fly-wheel is fitted at the common generator shaft 19 with the revolution multiplier 20 and the electricity generator 21 , the latter producing electricity.
• the wind direction and the wing chord are to be at the angle of attack a between each other. Constancy of the angle of attack a throughout the oscillation is provided by the horizontal bar parallelogram and the actuator 1 .
• the actuator 11 retracts, that is, shortens, the control bar 8 by 10-25° before the oscillation end points, in order to obtain the opposite angle of attack a. Consecutive synchronous changing the angle of attack a at the wing oscillation ends results also in changing the direction of the aerodynamic force F.
• the aerodynamic force F at the wings is proportionate to the angle of attack a and the wind speed.
• the actuator 11 receives information from the anemometer 23. The stronger the wind, the lesser are changes at the actuator, and vice versa. This is one of the ways in which the wind generator is protected from extreme wind forces.
• the actuator may be electrical, mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic.
• Wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of wings contributes to obtaining clean energy since it may work at much greater wind speeds. Experts will find obvious possibilities of certain modifications in the described embodiment of wind generator with horizontal parallelogram of bars for translational movements of wings, yet without leaving the scope and spirit of the invention.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Wind Motors (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-01-12 HR HRP20120045AA patent/HRP20120045A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2012-03-14 WO PCT/HR2012/000007 patent/WO2013104935A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2012-03-14 EP EP12716589.2A patent/EP2802771A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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