EP2801101B1 - Switchgear arrangement - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a switching device arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1, such a switching device arrangement is known from US 5,793,597 known.

Another switching device arrangement is for example from the patent DE 102 21 580 B3 known. The local switching device arrangement comprises an interrupter unit with a switching path and with relatively movable switching contact pieces. In order to dissipate switching gas arising in the switching path, a switching gas channel is provided, which originates in the switching path and runs through the interrupter unit. About the switching gas channel, a connection between the switching path and the environment of the interrupter unit is established. The switching gas channel is delimited by a hollow-volume vessel arrangement which is connected to one of the contact pieces.

In the known arrangement, the switching gas channel in the interior of the vessel arrangement is designed in such a way that the switching gas channel is deflected several times by encompassing elements arranged substantially coaxially. This makes it possible to swirl hot switching gas along the flow path with cold insulating gas and finally to let this swirling switching gas flow into the environment of the interrupter unit. Due to the coaxial arrangement of the elements embracing each other, the switching gas is in the axial direction pushed out. For positioning the interrupter unit insulators are provided, against which is emitted from the switching gas channel leaking switching gas. Likewise, electrical connections which serve to integrate the interrupter unit into an electrical network are exposed to the expelled switching gas. In particular, at the insulators, it proves to be critical that the switching gas added with Abbrandpartikeln flows against the surface of the insulators. Even with a patent according to DE 102 21 580 B3 provided ribbing of the insulators is to be feared that forms an electrically conductive coating after multiple switching operations on the insulators, which represents a Kriechstrompfad between the interrupter unit and the local encapsulating. Such creepage paths jeopardize the functionality of the known switching device arrangement. In addition, premature aging of the illuminated insulators is to be expected by the thermal action emanating from the switching gas.

Therefore, it is an object of the invention to provide a switching device arrangement, which has an increased reliability.

According to the invention, the object is achieved with a switching device arrangement of the type mentioned above in that the hollow volume vessel arrangement is penetrated by a shell body which divides the switching gas channel shell-shaped, wherein the tube body has at least one passage opening on the shell side, via which shells separated by the tubular body communicate with each other, and wherein the outlet opening and the passage opening are arranged offset to one another.

A switching device arrangement serves to establish or interrupt a current path. For this purpose, the switchgear assembly comprises an interrupter unit with relatively movable switching contact pieces. The switching contact pieces produce a current path in the contacted state and secure an insulating path of the switching device arrangement in the separated state. In the area of the switching contact pieces, a switching path is arranged within which are performed, for example, resulting in a switching operation switching arcs. The switching path is the space within which a contacting / separation of contact areas of the relatively movable switching contact pieces takes place. The switching path can be within a switching chamber. For example, a switching chamber limits the space in which an arc can burn. A switching arc occurs, for example, as a rollover during a switch-on and as a switch-off during a switch-off. The switching contact pieces can be designed, for example, as rated current contact pieces, as arcing contact pieces or as combined nominal and arcing contact pieces. Especially in high voltage use when switching high power, it is advantageous to use separate Nennstrom- and arcing contact pieces, so that in the ON state, a rated current is preferably performed on low-resistance rated current contact pieces. On the other hand, arcs occurring during a turn-off operation or a turn-on operation are preferably routed to the arcing contact pieces, which have a high resistance to thermal effects of an arc. The switching contact pieces may preferably be linearly displaceable with respect to one another, so that a linear movement is necessary for producing or canceling an electrically conductive connection between the switching contact pieces. In this case, bolt-shaped switching contact pieces have proven to be advantageous, which are aligned with its bolt longitudinal axis coaxial with a counter-shaped bush-shaped switching contact piece. It can be provided that for generating a relative movement, only one of the switching contact pieces is driven and the other switching contact piece remains at rest. However, it can also be provided that both switching contact pieces are movably mounted.

In the event of a switching arc, it may due to the thermal action of the same to an expansion of Fluids such as gases and liquids come, which are in the range of the switching path. In addition, there may be an evaporation of solid or liquid substances, so that there is a switching gas heated by the arc, expanded and contaminated with Abbrandprodukten switching gas in the switching path. In order to protect the switching path from bursting or to prevent any flow of the switching gas from the switching path, a switching gas channel is set up, which rises in the switching path and has an inlet opening in the region of the switching path. Preferably, the switching gas channel can extend exclusively on a potential side of the switching path. This counteracts a potential carryover across the switching path. Driven by an outgoing from the arc pressure increase within the switching path, the switching gas flows into an inlet opening of the switching gas channel. The switching gas channel is limited at least in sections by the hollow-volume vessel arrangement. Hollow bodies which receive and direct the switching gas in their interior are suitable as a hollow-volume vessel arrangement. Such a hollow body, for example, each substantially balloon-shaped, bottle-shaped, rotationally symmetrical, hollow cylindrical, etc. be formed. This hollow-volume vascular system must have a corresponding resistance to pressures originating from the switching gas as well as thermal stresses. The hollow-volume vessel assembly should provide after a transgression of the switching gas from the switching path a portion of the switching gas channel available, in which the switching gas can relax, ie expand and swirl. The hollow-volume vessel arrangement should serve as an expansion volume. The hollow-volume vessel arrangement can be formed in one or more pieces. By way of example, the hollow-volume vessel arrangement can have a basic body, for example in the manner of a hood, which, for example, is preferably substantially rotationally symmetrical. The hollow-volume vessel arrangement has a relation to the switching distance increased volume, so that within the hollow volume Vessel arrangement is formed a relaxation volume, in which the switching gas can experience a pressure reduction and temperature reduction. Advantageously, the hollow-volume vessel arrangement as well as the switching path should be filled with an electrically insulating fluid. For example, insulating gases or insulating liquids are suitable as electrically insulating fluids. Nitrogen and sulfur hexafluoride have proven to be advantageous. In order to further increase the electrical insulation resistance, the insulating fluid located in the switching path and the hollow-volume vessel arrangement can be excessively high in its pressure. The insulating fluoride should preferably flow around the interrupter unit and flush through the interrupter unit. The insulating fluid located outside the interrupter unit forms the surroundings of the interrupter unit, wherein the switching gas channel discharges the switching gas which has been transferred from the switching path into the environment of the interrupter unit. Via the outlet opening, the switching gas leaves the switching gas channel and enters the environment. It may be provided to use one or more outlet openings.

In the region of the connection of the contact piece with the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, the switching gas is introduced into the switching gas channel. The switching gas channel can be limited, for example, by a switching contact piece. Thus, a possibility is given to initiate the switching gas in a short way directly at the place of its formation in the switching gas channel. The switching gas channel extends in the interior of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, wherein within the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, the switching gas can perform an expansion. As a result of the expansion, swirling takes place with the (cold) electrically insulating fluid located in the interior of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement. The region of the generation of the switching gas, namely in the region of the contact piece connected to the hollow-volume vessel arrangement and the region of the outlet opening of the switching gas in the surroundings of the interrupter unit, are to be spaced as far as possible from each other, so that the switching gas can mix and cool inside the hollow volume vessel assembly. The course of the switching gas channel prevents direct penetration of a gas flowing through the hollow-volume vessel arrangement switching gas. The switching gas should be forcibly deflected at least once by at least 90 ° in order to be discharged from an axial inflow direction into a radial outflow direction through an outlet opening in the shell of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement. The switching gas should preferably enter the hollow-volume vessel arrangement in the axial direction and flow out of the hollow vessel arrangement in a radial direction. It has proven to be advantageous to carry out the hollow-volume vessel arrangement as a substantially hollow cylinder, in particular substantially rotationally symmetrical hollow cylinder are advantageous. For the purposes of this document, a substantially hollow cylinder is considered to be a hollow body extending along a cylinder axis, which may also have different cross sections in the course of the cylinder axis and which, for example, may have additional requirements on the front side. The switching gas should preferably be blown in the direction of the cylinder axis in the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, wherein the shell-side outlet opening of the switching gas channel in a cylinder axis enclosed in the self-encompassing wall, so a shell of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement is arranged. By way of example, the hollow-volume vessel arrangement can essentially have a bottle-shaped structure, wherein the inlet opening of the switching gas channel is arranged on the front side on a cross-section reduced bottleneck and an outlet opening on the bottom of the bottle is arranged on the shell side. For example, the hollow-volume vessel arrangement can be hood-shaped at least in sections, ie, have a substantially hollow-cylindrical structure, with cross-sections varying along the cylinder axis being possible. So it is possible, for example, a radially extended hood with z. B. at least partially conical structure to use.

According to the invention, it is provided that the hollow-volume vessel arrangement has a substantially cup-shaped valve body at the second end. An armature body serves for a dielectric closure of the hollow-volume phase conductor arrangement at its second end facing away from the first end. The fitting body should have a dielectrically favorable shape in order to prevent discharge phenomena. For this purpose, the fitting body can be formed in particular substantially pot-shaped. However, the fitting body can also have different dielectrically favorable shapes. The fitting body can also be cup-shaped only in a section and also have further shape. An armature body can advantageously be set up to connect the hollow-volume vessel arrangement with a further contact element, so that the interrupter unit can be looped into a current path to be interrupted. The fitting body can be configured correspondingly conductive, in particular, a pot shape in terms of its dielectric properties is advantageous. In this case, the fitting body, starting from a pot bottom, with the shell side surrounding the bottom of the pot surrounding jacket walls should open to the switching path. This makes it possible to connect the fitting body, for example, with a base body, wherein the pot-shaped surrounding volume of the valve body together with the main body of the hollow volume vessel arrangement provides a volume for forming the switching gas channel. For example, the main body may be designed in the manner of a hood, wherein the hood opens in the direction of the valve body and the cup-shaped valve body opens in turn towards the base body. The openings of the hood and the cup-shaped valve body may preferably sealing each other, the inner Volume of the hollow volume vessel assembly abut each other bordering or embrace each other. By means of such a multi-part hollow-volume vessel arrangement, the volume bounded by the hollow-volume vessel arrangement and limited can be increased. Furthermore, the possibility is given to connect variously dimensioned components to a hollow-volume vessel arrangement. Thus, for example, a position for contacting the interrupter unit may be set differently on the fitting body. However, it can also be provided that the fitting body is free of electrical connection components, so that the fitting body only provides a volume which, together with a further body or several further bodies, delimits the hollow-volume vessel arrangement.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the shell-side outlet opening is at least partially, in particular completely limited by the fitting body.

An armature body may for example be integrally formed. For example, casting methods can be used to mold the fitting body. Corresponding jacket walls of the cup-shaped portion of the valve body can be used to limit a shell-side outlet opening. However, it can also be provided that the fitting body limits only a part of a shell-side outlet opening. It can thus be provided that the outlet opening is limited, for example, together by various elements which jointly enclose the hollow-volume vessel arrangement.

Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that a plug contact is arranged on the fitting body.

By means of a plug contact, it is easily possible to connect the interrupter unit of the switching device arrangement with a connecting cable. The valve body can as a carrier serve a plug-in contact, as well as possibly even be designed as a plug-in contact itself. Depending on the design of the switching device arrangement, the plug contact can be located at any desired position. It is particularly advantageous if the plug contact is arranged in the bottom region of a cup-shaped valve body. In this case, the plug contact should be arranged in the bottom region of the fitting body, in particular outside the pot-shaped enclosed volume, that is, free from encasing by a jacket wall. For example, when using a substantially rotationally symmetrical pot, the plug contact may be arranged as centrally as possible in the bottom region of the cup-shaped valve body.

According to the invention, it is provided that the hollow-volume vessel arrangement is traversed on the inner shell side by a tubular body which divides the switching gas channel in a shell-shaped manner.

The switching gas channel may extend differently in the interior of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement. By drawing in a tubular body, it is possible to divide the interior of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement into different zones or partial volumes. It can be provided, for example, that the tube is substantially hollow cylindrical, in particular substantially annularly hollow cylindrical, so that a centrally located in the interior of the tubular body (in particular circular cylindrical) shell is surrounded by a substantially hollow cylindrical shell. The shells are separated by the tubular body. It may further be provided that a plurality of tube bodies nested together delimit a larger number of shell-like sections of the switching gas channel. Advantageously, a main flow direction of the tubular body should be directed substantially identically on the inside and on the outside of the shell, so that an intensive and rapid swirling of switching gas and dielectrically more favorable electrically insulating fluid is possible. Thus, the switching gas channel can be flowed through in a direction of switching gas. Direction changes are reduced to a small number while maintaining the main flow direction. Transverse flows essentially serve to swirl the switching gas. Switching gas can flow continuously into and out of the switching gas channel. In the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, while maintaining the flow direction, the switching gas can swirl and possibly also temporarily flow in transverse directions and overlap with the main flow direction.

According to the invention, it is provided that the tube body has on the jacket side at least one passage opening, via which shells separated by the tube body communicate with one another.

Via passages, it is possible to communicate with each other the inner shell encircled by the tubular body and the outer shell of the enclosed volume of the hollow-volume vessel assembly extending around the tubular body. Thus, switching gas fractions can pass both from the interior of the tubular body into the outer region of the tubular body and vice versa from the outer region around the tubular body into the inner region enclosed by the tubular body. Thus, despite the same direction flow directions both inner shell side and outer shell side of the tubular body cross flows are allowed, which allow a rapid mixing of the switching gas along the longitudinal axis of the tubular body. The skin flow direction is in the direction of the longitudinal axis.

For example, slots may be provided as passage openings whose longitudinal extent is substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the tubular body. In particular, an offset of the position of the passage openings can be provided. The position of the passage openings can vary. However, it should be provided that passages, which are located in the area of the fitting body, only in one and the same (radial) direction provide a passage for the switching gas available.

Advantageously, it can be provided that the tube body has on the shell side at least one passage opening which is spanned by the hollow volume vessel arrangement, in particular spaced from the valve body.

A passage opening may be spaced from the tube body by a closed wall of the hollow volume vessel arrangement, in particular the valve body to be spanned. The spanning wall should be on the outer shell side to the tubular body. The wall serves as a deflector for the spanned passage opening passing switching gas. Advantageously, an overstretched passage opening should be covered by a portion of a jacket wall of the fitting body surrounding the bottom of the pot. This provides a possibility to flow through the passage opening passing switching gas against the spanning wall of the valve body and redirect there. The wall is a barrier.

Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that the tubular body spans the outlet opening of the switching gas channel at a distance.

Accordingly, it can also be provided that the outlet opening of the switching gas channel is covered by a closed wall of the tubular body. The wall serves as a deflector for switching gas. Here it can be provided in particular that the tubular body is arranged on the inner shell side in front of the outlet opening, so that a direct escape of switching gas from the shell enclosed by the tubular body within the hollow volume vessel arrangement is prevented via an outlet opening in the vicinity of the interrupter unit. Corresponding a barrier is provided which additionally deflects and deflects the switching gas which is directed towards the outlet opening, whereby, for example, it is also possible to divide parts of the switching gas flow which flow along the tubular body both on the inside and on the outside. This causes additional swirling shortly before the switching gas leaks into the environment of the interrupter unit.

According to the invention, it is provided that the outlet opening and the passage opening are arranged offset to one another.

An offset of outlet opening and passage opening prevents a direct escape of a passage opening passing Schaltgasanteilen through the outlet opening in the vicinity of the interrupter unit. In particular, the outlet opening and the passage opening should be provided in diametrically opposite sections in the wall of the hollow volume vessel arrangement (preferably in the fitting body) and the wall of the tubular body. This ensures that the switching gas is at least partially forced into an orbit around the tubular body immediately before the switching gas exits the switching gas channel. These are, in particular, the switching gas portions which flow through passage openings in the region of the second end of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement. Thus, for example, in addition to a substantially axial forwarding of the switching gas before leakage of the switching gas through the outlet opening and a rotation of the switching gas can be effected, wherein in this rotating switching gas stream before an exit of the switching gas from the switching gas channel and an axially flowing component of the switching gas can be directed , A mixing of the switching gas with electrically insulating fluid is thereby additionally promoted and supported. At the second end of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, the outlet opening (s) should be opposite to that in the region of the second end of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement lying through openings. Thus, in the region of the second end, passage openings and outlet openings essentially have the same gas passage direction. However, the openings are arranged opposite to each other at different modules. In particular, the offset should be provided such that, relative to a vertical axis, which essentially perpendicularly intersects the pot base of the fitting body, and which is aligned parallel or congruent to the cylinder axis of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, an offset of the outlet opening and passage opening is given in the circumferential direction. Thus, in the region of the second end, an axial overlap of outlet openings and through openings can be permitted. At the second end, in particular in an axial region, all passage openings located there and all outlet openings located there should each allow switching gas to pass through in a common jet direction. The beam directions of the passage openings and the outlet openings should be different from each other. The beam directions may also be substantially parallel to each other. In this case, the switching gas should flow through the openings and the outlet openings in the opposite direction.

The passage opening and the outlet opening can be formed, for example, in the manner of oblong holes, wherein both the outlet opening and the passage opening can be located on one and the same orbit, wherein the outlet opening and passage opening should be arranged at diametrically opposite points of the orbit.

Advantageously, it can further be provided that, supported on the fitting body, the tubular body cantilevered protrudes into the hollow-volume vessel arrangement.

A supporting of the tubular body on the fitting body allows a simplified assembly of the interrupter unit, since the tubular body can be mounted together with the fitting body, for example, during a completion of the hollow-volume vessel assembly. The tubular body can protrude, for example, in the cup-shaped recess into the pot bottom and rest against the bottom of the pot, so that the tubular body is connected to the end face with a bottom of the cup-shaped valve body. The tubular body preferably projects, starting from the bottom region of the fitting body through the cup-shaped jacket wall and projects beyond the fitting body and passes through a majority of the extension of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement between the first and second ends. The tubular body is preferably spaced apart from the jacket walls of the pot-shaped fitting body, so that an annular gap is formed on the outer surface of the tubular body. Preferably, the tubular body should be connected in the manner of a circular ring with the bottom of the fitting body. By a cantilevered design of the tubular body support and support internals in the hollow volume vessel assembly are not required. Furthermore, a self-supporting construction results in a simplified assembly of the valve body. The fitting body may for example be aligned with its free end in alignment with one of the contacts or to an inlet opening of the switching gas channel in the switching path of the hollow volume vessel assembly, so that by an inlet opening into the interior of the hollow volume phase conductor arrangement incoming switching gas preferably initially in the interior of the tubular body enclosed area flows. Between the free end of the tubular body and an inflow opening of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, a gap may remain which acts like the passage openings.

The tubular body may, for example, comprise electrically conductive material.

A further advantageous embodiment may provide that between the tubular body and the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, a shell of the switching gas channel with an annular cross-section is limited, wherein the flow resistance of the annular shell at the first end of the hollow volume phase conductor assembly is lower than at the second end of the hollow-volume vessel assembly.

The tubular body subdivides the hollow volume of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement into various shells which surround one another. For example, may be provided centrally in the interior of the tubular body, a cylindrical shell, which is enclosed on the outer shell side separated by the tubular body of a hollow cylindrical shell. In each of the shells there is a flow of the switching gas, wherein the main flow direction of the switching gas in each of the shells is similar. About the passages communication between the individual shells is possible. If an increase in the flow resistance, starting from the first side of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement toward the second side of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, is now carried out in the outer shell with an annular cross section, it is possible first to allow the incoming switching gas to be expanded, with a cross-sectional reduction and increased flow resistance in the direction of the outlet opening of the switching gas channel into the environment, a re-acceleration of the flow within the switching gas channel can be forced. Thus, on the one hand, it is possible to make the switching gas in the lower-resistance section, which is arranged in the direction of the first side of the hollow-volume vessel assembly, a relaxation of the switching gas and then press this relaxed switching gas in the resistance increased portion of the shell, resulting in the second end an increase in the flow velocity of the outflowing switching gas results. Thus, a rapid escape of switching gas can be carried out of the switching gas channel. An increase in resistance can be made stepwise or continuously by changing the cross section of the switching gas channel.

Advantageously, it can be provided that the annular shell is bounded at the second end of the valve body and at the first end of the valve frontally receiving hood on the hollow volume vessel assembly.

By a corresponding cross-sectional configuration of the valve body and the hood, it is possible in a simple manner to connect the hood and the fitting body together and thereby make a conclusion of the hollow-volume phase conductor arrangement. For example, it can be provided that the hood is designed substantially hollow cylindrical, or, for example, is also shaped in the manner of a cone, wherein the valve body is encompassed by the hood and is inserted into the hood. The openings of the fitting body and the hood opening should be facing each other, so that the volumes of hood and pot can complement each other to a total volume of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement. Between the hood and pot a sealing compound is advantageous to drive the switching gas in the direction of the outlet opening. The joint can be used to form a transition from the lower-flow portion to the larger-flow portion of the annular shell. The two sections are preferably bounded in each case by the hood and the fitting body, wherein the housing and the fitting body have different influences on the flow resistance due to different cross sections. Thus, on the one hand a simplified composite of valve body and hood is given. On the other hand, a Querschnittreduktion is made in a simple manner to cause changes in flow resistance in a shell. Furthermore, a cross-sectional reduction of the outer envelope contour of the interrupter unit can thus also be achieved. In an arrangement of the shell-side outlet opening on the valve body, the outlet opening is located in a region which is projected completely in a projection in the direction of the cylinder axis of the hood. Thus, this area is additionally shielded by the hood dielectrically.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the hollow-volume vessel arrangement is a phase conductor arrangement which is electrically contacted with one of the contact pieces.

A design of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement as a phase conductor arrangement has the advantage of contacting one of the contact pieces in an electrically conductive manner with the hollow-volume vessel arrangement. As a phase conductor arrangement, the hollow-volume vessel arrangement can be used to form a section of a current path to be interrupted or switched by the switching device arrangement. The hollow-volume vessel arrangement can be made, for example, from metallic castings. Thus, for example, be provided that the fitting body is made as a cast aluminum. Furthermore, a base body, which is connected to the fitting body, also be made of cast aluminum. This makes it possible to make an electrical contact with one of the contacts on the one hand. On the other hand, the hollow-volume vessel arrangement can be advantageously formed in a dielectrically advantageous manner. For example, the hollow-volume vessel arrangement can extend substantially rotationally symmetrically to a longitudinal axis or cylinder axis, so that the hollow volume, which is enclosed by the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, is dielectrically protected. Thus, within the hollow-volume vessel assembly and assemblies may be arranged, for example, have the projecting edges. For example, a deflection gear to drive a movable contact piece also project at least partially into the hollow volume vessel assembly. Furthermore, the hollow-volume vessel arrangement can be used as part of the current path to be interrupted or the current path to be produced by the switching device arrangement. A contacted with the hollow-volume vessel assembly contact piece should be permanently contacted with the hollow volume phase conductor assembly, so that regardless of a switching position of Interrupter unit, the hollow volume vessel assembly and the contact lead the same electrical potential.

Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that at least one of the contact pieces is supported by the hollow-volume vessel arrangement.

For its part, the hollow-volume vessel arrangement must have sufficient mechanical and thermal stability in order to resist the switching gases flowing in the interior. Accordingly, the hollow-volume vessel arrangement has a rigid-angle structure, which can also be used to stabilize the interrupter unit. The hollow-volume vessel arrangement can thus serve, for example, as a support element in order to position one of the contact pieces in the interior of the switching device arrangement. The hollow-volume vessel arrangement, for example, engage around one of the contact pieces on the outer jacket side and receive it, for example, in the manner of a pipe socket. About such a pipe socket, it is possible to provide an inlet opening of the switching gas channel to the switching path towards available, the pipe socket / the contact piece, for example, from the switching path in the switching gas channel entering switching gas can flow freely into the interior of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement. Furthermore, by supporting the contact piece, in particular at the first end of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement, it is possible to support the hollow-volume vessel arrangement itself in the region of the second end and to carry out the first end in a self-supporting manner. Thus, the electrically active parts of the contact point on the hollow volume vessel assembly can be kept spaced to breakpoints of the interrupter unit. This makes it possible to relieve the contact pieces themselves of holding and guiding functions and to channel holding and guiding forces on the hollow-volume vessel arrangement. Accordingly, additional Stützführungs- and positioning mechanisms for a supported by the hollow-volume vessel assembly contact piece is not necessary.

In the following, an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in a drawing and described in more detail below.

Figur

einen Schnitt durch eine Schaltgeräteanordnung.

It shows the

figure

a section through a switching device arrangement.

The figure shows a section through a switching device arrangement in a schematic embodiment. The switching device arrangement has a housing 1. In the present case, the housing 1 is a cast housing made of electrically conductive material, for example aluminum, which carries ground potential. The housing 1 has a first flange 2 and a second flange 3. The housing 1 is designed as a pressure-resistant encapsulating, so that in the interior of the housing 1, an overpressure built up and a fluid can be included.

In the interior of the housing 1, an interrupter unit 4 of the switching device arrangement is arranged. The interrupter unit 4 has a first arcing contact piece 5 and a second arcing contact piece 6 as well as a first rated current contact piece 7 and a second rated current contact piece 8. The first arcing contact piece 5 and the first rated current contact piece 7 are permanently galvanically contacted with each other. The second arcing contact piece 6 and the second rated current contact piece 8 are also permanently contacted with each other galvanically. As a result, the mutually associated contact pieces 5, 6, 7, 8 are permanently exposed to the same electrical potential. The first arcing contact piece 5 is designed as a hollow cylinder and has a bush-shaped contact area. The first arcing contact piece 5 is arranged coaxially to a longitudinal axis 9. The second arcing contact piece 6 is arranged opposite the first arcing contact piece 5 on the face side, wherein the second arcing contact piece 6 is substantially bolt-shaped is formed and is aligned coaxially to the longitudinal axis 9. Both the first arcing contact piece 5 and the second arcing contact piece 6 are drivable for generating a switching movement, wherein the first arcing contact piece 5 and the second arcing contact piece 6 are each mounted displaceably and drivably along the longitudinal axis 9. The first arcing contact piece 5 and the second arcing contact piece 6 always move in the opposite direction. The second arcing contact piece 6 is formed at its contact region opposite to the socket-shaped contact region of the first arcing contact piece 5, so that the second arcing contact piece 6 can enter into the first arcing contact piece 5 to produce a current path. The first rated current contact piece 7 is tubular and surrounds the first arcing contact piece 5 on the outer jacket side and is aligned coaxially with the longitudinal axis 9. The second rated current contact piece 8 surrounds the second arcing contact piece 6 on the outer jacket side, wherein the second rated current contact piece 8 is aligned coaxially with the second arcing contact piece 6. The second rated current contact piece 8 has a contact socket with elastic contact fingers into which an outer circumferential surface of the tubular first rated current contact piece 7 can be inserted. The second rated current contact piece 8 is mounted stationary. The first rated current contact piece 7 is displaceable along the longitudinal axis 9 together with the first arcing contact piece 5. For positioning the first arcing contact piece 5 and the first rated current contact piece 7, a guide bushing 10 is provided. The guide bushing 10 is aligned coaxially with the longitudinal axis 9. The guide bushing 10 surrounds the first rated current contact piece 7 on the outer shell side. Between the guide bush 10 and the first rated current contact piece 7, a sliding contact arrangement is arranged. With the first arcing contact piece 5 and with the first rated current contact piece 7 a Isolierstoffdüse 11 is connected rigid angle. The insulating material nozzle 11 surrounds the first arcing contact piece 5 on the outer jacket side and is itself of the first rated current contact piece 7 at least partially embraced. The insulating nozzle 11 provides a Isolierstoffdüsenkanal available, in which the second arcing contact piece 6 can dip or dive during a switching operation. A burning between the arcing contact pieces 5, 6 arc is thus prevented from radial bulging.

With the insulating material 11, a push rod 12 is connected. About the push rod 12, a movement of the first rated current contact piece 7 and the first arcing contact piece 5 via the switching path between the contact pieces 5, 6, 7, 8 are transmitted. A short-circuiting of the switching path is prevented by the electrically insulating insulating material 11. Thus, it is possible to couple a movement to the second arcing contact piece 6. For this purpose, a reversing gear 13 is further used, which transmits a linear movement of the coupling rod 12 via a two-armed lever on the second arcing contact piece 6. By the reversing gear 13, a transformation of the movement is made possible, wherein the movement is reversed in their sense of direction.

The second rated current contact piece 8 is struck frontally on a hollow-volume vessel assembly 14. The hollow-volume vessel arrangement 14 surrounds the second rated current contact piece 8 on the outer jacket side. The hollow-volume vessel assembly 14 is designed to be electrically conductive as a phase conductor arrangement and part of a current path to be switched by the switching device arrangement. About the hollow volume vessel assembly 14, the second rated current contact piece 8 and the second arcing contact piece 7 are mechanically held. Furthermore, a contacting of the second rated current contact piece 8 and the second arcing contact piece 6 is made on the hollow volume housing assembly 14. The hollow volume phase conductor arrangement 14 has a main body 15. The main body 15 is formed in the manner of a hood, which has a hollow cylindrical or conical character. At one first end of the hollow-volume vessel assembly 14, the second rated current contact piece 8 is contacted. At a second end, which is opposite to the first end (based on the longitudinal axis 9 and on the cylinder axis of the main body 15), a cup-shaped valve body 16 is arranged. The cup-shaped valve body 16 and the base body 15 in the form of a hood are facing each other with their respective pot opening or hood opening, so that the embraced by the cup-shaped valve body 16 and the base body 15 partial volumes complement each other and together a volume for the hollow-volume vessel arrangement 14 provide. It is provided that the cup-shaped valve body 16 is surrounded with its shell-side pot walls outer shell side of the base body 15, wherein the base body 15 has a larger cross section than the cup-shaped valve body 16. Thus, at the transition between the base body 15 and pot-shaped fitting body 16 is a reduction of made in the interior of the hollow volume vessel assembly 14 enclosed cross-section.

The hollow-volume vessel arrangement 14 is penetrated by a tubular body 17 over almost its entire axial extent. The tubular body 17 advantageously has a hollow cylindrical basic structure, in particular with an annular cross section. The tubular body 17 thus divides the volume delimited by the hollow-volume vessel arrangement 14, so that a plurality of shells are formed within the hollow-volume vessel arrangement 14. Thus results between the outer shell side of the tubular body 17 and the inner shell side of the hollow volume phase conductor assembly 14, a shell 18 with annular cross-section. Furthermore, a further shell 19 with a fully cylindrical cross section results centrally in the interior of the tubular body. The shell 18 has at its second rated current contact piece 8 facing the first end to a larger cross-section than at its the cup-shaped valve body 16 facing the second end. The tubular body 17 is frontally flush with the pot bottom of the pot-shaped fitting body 16 connected. The tubular body 17 extends starting from the pot bottom or starting from the cup-shaped valve body 16 through the hollow volume vessel assembly 14 in the direction of the second rated current contact piece 8. The tubular body 17 is cantilevered out into the room running, the free end of the tubular body 17 spaced from a pipe socket 20 is. Between the pipe socket 20 and the free end of the tubular body 17, an annular gap is formed. In the present case, the pipe socket 20 is formed as part of the hollow-volume vessel assembly 14, wherein the pipe socket 20 may also be configured as a discrete assembly or as part of the second rated current contact piece 8. The pipe socket 20 engages around a cross section, which is formed substantially flush with the cross section of the socket of the second rated current contact piece 8. The second rated current contact piece 8 is penetrated by the switching gas channel, which springs in a switching path. The switching path is the space in which a contacting, separation of the contact areas of the contact pieces 5, 6, 7, 8 takes place. A switching path is presently arranged between the two arcing contact pieces 5, 6. Another switching path is arranged between the rated current contact pieces 7, 8. The switching gas channel originates in both the one and in the other switching path. This ensures that in each of the switching paths optionally generated switching gas can be removed via the same switching gas channel. The tubular body 17 is provided with passage openings 21, which are introduced on the shell side. The passage openings 21 are distributed symmetrically on the circumference, so that a communication of the shell 18 and the further shell 19 via the passage openings 21 is made possible. The passage openings 21, which lie in the region of the cup-shaped valve body 16, are aligned exclusively in one direction. Spanning the passage opening 18 in the region of the pot-shaped fitting body 16, a closed wall is formed on the tubular body 17, in which arrangement of passages 21 has been dispensed with.

On the cup-shaped fitting body 16, outlet openings 22 of the switching gas channel are introduced into the jacket wall on the shell side. The position of the outlet openings 22 on the cup-shaped valve body 16 is provided such that the passage openings 21 are aligned diametrically opposite to the outlet openings 22 in the region of the cup-shaped valve body 16. Outlet openings 22 and passage openings 21 are arranged offset from one another. Thus, the passage openings 21 are spanned on the outer shell side by a wall of the hollow-volume phase conductor arrangement 14. The outlet openings 22, however, are spanned on the inner shell side by a wall of the tubular body 17.

Thus, it is ensured that after a passage of switching gas through the passage openings 21 in a radial direction, first an impact on a passage 21 covering the wall and only then followed by a radial deflection, an exit from the outlet openings 22 can take place.

At the pot-shaped fitting body 16, a plug contact 23 is arranged. In the present case, the plug-type contact 23 is screwed by means of a screw connection to the pot base of the cup-shaped valve body 16, wherein a first connecting line 24 is connected to the plug contact 23. The first connecting line 24 protrudes through the first flange 2 and serves to couple the switching device arrangement, for example in a switchgear. To make a dielectric shielding of the plug contact 23, the plug contact 23 is surrounded by a shield cap 25. At the pot-shaped fitting body 16, a shield ring 26 is formed, which together with the shield cap 25 for a dielectric shielding of the region of the plug contact 23 provides. In addition to an end-face centric arrangement of the plug contact 23, this may for example also be arranged eccentrically, shell-side or otherwise on the cup-shaped valve body 16. On the Plug contact 23 and the first connecting line 24 is an electrical contacting of the hollow volume vessel assembly 14 is provided so that the valve body 16 and the base body 15 serve as parts of the hollow volume vessel assembly 14 as a current path for supplying an electric current to the second rated current contact piece 8 / the second arcing contact piece 6 ,

On the guide bushing 10, a further plug-in contact 27 is arranged on the shell side, in which a second connecting line 28 is electrically connected. The second connecting line 28 protrudes through the second flange 3 and serves for electrical contacting of the first rated current contact piece 7 and the first arcing contact piece 5 with the interposition of the guide bushing 10. The two connecting lines 25, 28 may in turn be electrically isolated relative to the housing 1 supported, via the connectors 23, 27 and the interrupter unit 4 may be positioned. In the figure, the use of separate insulators 29 is indicated by a dashed line, via which the interrupter unit 4 can alternatively or additionally be supported on the housing 1. The flange openings of the first and second flange 2, 3 can be gas-tight and pressure-tight, for example, by using electrically insulating closure means, which are penetrated by the connection lines 24, 28. Thus, it is possible to fill the interior of the housing 1 with an electrically insulating fluid, for example sulfur hexafluoride gas or nitrogen gas, or mixtures with these gases. In the embodiment of the housing 1 as a pressure-resistant housing, an admission of the fluid inside the housing 1 is made possible with overpressure. The interrupter unit 4 is thus surrounded by an electrically insulating fluid and flushed by the electrically insulating fluid. The electrically insulating fluid, which is enclosed in the housing 1 and which surrounds the interrupter unit 4, provides the environment the interrupter unit 4, in which from the outlet openings 22 ejected switching gas is discharged.

The following is an example of a switch-on and a switch-off and the switching gas flows occurring are described. In the figure, the switching device arrangement is shown in the off state, ie, both the rated current contact pieces 7, 8 and the arcing contact pieces 5, 6 are separated from each other. Between the switching contact pieces 5, 6, 7, 8, an insulating gap is formed, which is filled with electrically insulating fluid. During a switch-on operation, a movement of the first rated current contact piece 7 as well as the first arcing contact piece 5 and the insulating material nozzle 11 in the direction of the second rated current contact piece 8 is initiated. For this purpose, the housing 1 is penetrated by a shaft 30 to which a pivot lever is attached. About the pivot lever and a connecting rod 31, a rotational movement of the shaft 30 is converted into a linear movement in the direction of the longitudinal axis 9. The shaft 30 passes through the housing 1 in a fluid-tight manner, so that a drive movement from outside the housing 1 into the interior of the housing 1 can be transmitted in a fluid-tight manner. A movement of the first arcing contact piece 5 and the first rated current contact piece 7 and insulating nozzle 11 in the direction of the second rated current contact piece 8 causes a movement of the coupling rod 12 and driving the reversing gear 13. As a result, the second arcing contact piece 6 is driven in the direction of the first arcing contact piece 5, so that in time before contacting the rated current contact pieces 7, 8 a contacting of the arcing contact pieces 5, 6 takes place. This ensures that a switch-on arc is conducted between the arcing contact pieces 5, 6. Upon occurrence of a Einschaltlichtbogens this expires immediately after a galvanic contact of the two arcing contact pieces 5, 6. The Nennstromkontaktstücke 7, 8 can then come into galvanic contact with each other, wherein a virtually arc-free commutation of a current from the arcing contact pieces 5, 6 on the rated current contact pieces 7, 8 is possible.

During a switch-off operation, a movement with reversed direction sense is initiated, ie, the first rated current contact piece 7 and the first arcing contact piece 5 are moved away from the second arcing contact piece 6 and the second rated current contact piece 8. First, the two rated current contact pieces 7, 8 separate from each other. An off-current can commutate virtually arc-free on the arcing contact pieces 5, 6, which are separated from each other in terms of time. Depending on the current to be interrupted, the separation may cause the arc to be ignited. The arc is preferably performed within the Isolierstoffdüsenkanals. The arc expands electrically insulating fluid, evaporates the electrically insulating fluid, evaporates insulating material of the insulating material nozzle 11 and also vaporizes conductor material of the arcing contact pieces 5, 6. A switching gas is formed. The switching gas has a lower insulation resistance than the electrically insulating fluid. Due to the expansion and thermal influence creates an overpressure in the switching path. The switching gas is driven from the switching path due to this overpressure in the switching gas channel. In this case, the switching gas initially passes an inlet opening of the switching gas channel in the second rated current contact piece 8. The switching gas is driven into the further shell 19 and initially flow in the axial direction through the tubular body 17. Through the passage openings 21, the switching gas, driven by continuously nachströmendes switching gas, also flow into the first shell 18 and during this flow takes place mixing of the inflowing contaminated switching gas with befindlichem within the hollow volume vessel assembly 14 electrically insulating fluid. The switching gas first flows from the first end of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement 14 to the second end of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement 14. There, on the one hand, it passes from the passage openings 21 in the area of the hollow space cup-shaped valve body 16 driven in the radial direction against the spanning wall of the valve body 16 and deflected from there in the circumferential direction and then ejected through an outlet opening 22. Furthermore, this ejection is superimposed by an axial component of the portions of the switching gas, which are already in the first switch 18 within the hollow volume phase conductor assembly 14, whereby the axial and radial Schaltgasanteile overlap before passing through the outlet openings 22 and mix. Radial components and axial components of the switching gas flow are directed into one another through an outlet through the outlet openings 22, so that an additional swirling is ensured immediately before a passage of the switching gas through the outlet openings 22 in the environment.

Claims (10)

1. Switchgear arrangement having an interrupter unit (4) comprising a first and a second switching contact piece (5, 6, 7, 8), which are movable relative to one another, and comprising an arcing gas channel, which develops in an arc gap which can be formed between the switching contact pieces (5, 6, 7, 8), which arcing gas channel passes through the interrupter unit (4) and connects the arc gap to the surrounding environment of the interrupter unit (4) and is at least sectionally delimited by a hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14), which is connected at a first end to one of the contact pieces (6, 8), wherein the hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14) has, at a second end opposite the first end, a lateral-surface-side outlet opening (22) of the arcing gas channel into the surrounding environment, wherein the hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14) has, at the second end, a fitting body (16) which is configured to be substantially pot-shaped,
   characterized in that
   a pipe body (17) dividing the arcing gas channel in the form of shells passes through the hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14) on the inner lateral surface side, wherein the pipe body (17) has, on the lateral surface side, at least one through-opening (21), via which shells (18, 19) separated by the pipe body (17) communicate with one another, and wherein the outlet opening (22) and the through-opening (21) are arranged offset with respect to one another.
2. Switchgear arrangement according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the lateral-surface-side outlet opening (22) is at least partially, in particular, completely, delimited by the fitting body (16).
3. Switchgear arrangement according to one of Claims 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   a plug-type contact (23) is arranged on the fitting body (16) .
4. Switchgear arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the pipe body (17) has, on the lateral surface side, at least one through-opening (21) which is spanned, with a spacing, by the hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14), in particular by the fitting body (16).
5. Switchgear arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the pipe body (17) spans, with a spacing, the outlet opening (22) of the arcing gas channel.
6. Switchgear arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the pipe body (17), supported on the fitting body (16), protrudes in cantilevered fashion into the hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14).
7. Switchgear arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
   characterized in that
   a shell (18) of the arcing gas channel having a ring-shaped cross section is delimited between the pipe body (17) and the hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14), wherein the shell (18) is configured such that the flow resistance of the ring-shaped shell (18) at the first end of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14) is less than at the second end of the hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14) .
8. Switchgear arrangement according to Claim 7,
   characterized in that
   at the hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14), the ring-shaped shell (18) is delimited at the second end by the fitting body (16) and at the first end by a hood (15) accommodating the fitting (16) at the end.
9. Switchgear arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 8,
   characterized in that
   the hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14) is a phase conductor arrangement which is in electrical contact with one of the contact pieces (6, 8).
10. Switchgear arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    at least one of the contact pieces (6, 8) is borne by the hollow-volume vessel arrangement (14).

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