EP2299464B1 - Self-blow switch with filling and excess pressure valve - Google Patents

Self-blow switch with filling and excess pressure valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2299464B1
EP2299464B1 EP09170549.1A EP09170549A EP2299464B1 EP 2299464 B1 EP2299464 B1 EP 2299464B1 EP 09170549 A EP09170549 A EP 09170549A EP 2299464 B1 EP2299464 B1 EP 2299464B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
self
filling
tab
circuit breaker
volume
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09170549.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2299464A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Kriegel
Daniel Ohlsson
Jürg Nufer
Navid Mahdizadeh
Olaf Hunger
Timo Kehr
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ABB Schweiz AG
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ABB Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Schweiz AG filed Critical ABB Schweiz AG
Priority to EP09170549.1A priority Critical patent/EP2299464B1/en
Priority to US12/881,735 priority patent/US8410388B2/en
Priority to CN201010294375.5A priority patent/CN102024619B/en
Publication of EP2299464A1 publication Critical patent/EP2299464A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2299464B1 publication Critical patent/EP2299464B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/906—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism with pressure limitation in the compression volume, e.g. by valves or bleeder openings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medium and high voltage engineering and relates to a self-blow switch according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for use as a circuit breaker in power distribution networks.
  • Such self-blowing switches also called pressure gas switches, are used in particular in high-voltage technology.
  • Self-blowing switches are designed in such a way that, in the event of a separation of the contacts or in the event of a short circuit, a developing arc is blown out with a gas and thereby extinguished as quickly as possible.
  • the most commonly used gas for this purpose is SF 6 (sulfur hexafluoride).
  • the European patent application EP 1939910 A1 discloses such a gas blast switch with a plurality of relatively movable contacts.
  • a blowing volume is arranged, which is connected via a blow duct with an arc zone.
  • the blowing volume is separated by a separating element from a low-pressure space.
  • a through-flow opening is provided, which serves for the gas exchange between the blowing volume and the low-pressure space.
  • the American patent US5589673 discloses a self-blowing switch in which a pressure chamber in which the arc is formed, valve-controlled connected to a compression space.
  • the compression chamber is connected via a pressure relief valve and a refill valve with a low pressure chamber.
  • the valves are annular and arranged adjacent to one another with an overlap zone.
  • the pressure relief valve is low pressure chamber side of a spring in the direction of the compression volume pressed against a valve holder.
  • gas can only flow from the compression volume into the low-pressure space when its pressure is greater than the spring force.
  • this construction is relatively complicated and requires many elements.
  • Object of the present invention is a simplification of the design of self-blowing switches and a reduction in the number of required components.
  • the self-blowing switch has contacts for a connection or disconnection of a circuit. At least one first arcing contact and a first rated current contact can be moved back and forth in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the self-blowing switch.
  • the inventive self-inflator further has a compression and an exhaust volume, which are filled with a gas.
  • the compression volume is connected by means of at least one first valve with a heating volume.
  • the heating volume is in turn connected to an arc zone. In the arc zone, when the circuit is disconnected during the separation of the first arcing contact from at least one associated second arcing contact, an arc is formed between the two arcing contacts.
  • the compression volume is separated from the exhaust volume by means of a combined fill and pressure relief valve formed as a plate.
  • the filling and overpressure valve has at least one tab formed in the plate.
  • the advantage of the inventive self-blowing switch is a reduction in the number of required components. Compared with the above-mentioned American patent, where two plates are used between the compression and exhaust volumes and at least one spring, only one plate is necessary in the present invention. Another advantage is a simplification of the construction of the inventive self-blowing switch. With the self-blowing switch according to the invention, only one plate has to be placed between the two volumes, while with a switch according to the American patent there is a more complicated procedure in which the two plates must be aligned such that the required overlap exists and the spring is placed and optionally must be biased.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross section along a longitudinal axis 11 of an inventive Disblasschalters 1. Left of the longitudinal axis 11 is shown a first and right of the longitudinal axis 11, a second operating state of the Disblasschalters 1, which are referred to below filling operation or overpressure.
  • the self-blowing switch 1 has a first rated current contact 2c, which is movable in the direction of the longitudinal axis 11 of the self-blowing switch 1 such that it can come into contact with a second rated current contact 2d. Furthermore, the self-blowing switch 1 has a first arcing contact 2a, which is movable in the direction of the longitudinal axis 11 of the self-blowing switch 1 such that it can come into contact with a second arcing contact 2b. In the case of separation of the two arc contacts 2 a, 2 b, an arc 15 can arise between them. For example, for a shutdown of a power supply, the arc 15 due to the relatively small current usually weak. In a short circuit, however, very high currents can occur and thus very strong arcs 15. These two options will be discussed in more detail later in the description, because they require a separate approach to extinguishing the arc 15th
  • the extinction of the arc 15 is generally carried out by blowing the arc 15 with a gas, preferably SF 6 , which is located within an arc zone 3 and flows in the heated state from a heating volume 19 through a heating channel 17 in the arc zone 3 to the arc 15.
  • a gas preferably SF 6
  • the heating channel 17 is typically formed between an auxiliary nozzle 16a and a main nozzle 16b.
  • the heating volume 19 is separated from a compression volume 4 by means of at least one check valve 14, which is preferably annular.
  • the compression volume 4 is in turn separated by means of a filling and pressure relief valve 9 of an exhaust volume 5.
  • the filling and overpressure valve 9 is formed as at least one plate, preferably as an around the longitudinal axis 11 of the Disblasschalters 1 arranged annular disc, and preferably consists of an elastic material, in particular of spring steel. It is preferably arranged horizontally and movably on a carrier plate 10.
  • the filling and pressure relief valve 9 is provided with at least one tab 7 which is cut therein at least in sections over the entire thickness of the filling and pressure relief valve.
  • the tab 7 can be deflected resiliently substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis 11 of the inventive self-blowing switch 1.
  • the tab 7 can accordingly experience either a first deflection in the direction of the exhaust volume 5 in overpressure operation or a second deflection in the direction of the compression volume 4 in the filling operation.
  • the first deflection of the flap 7 is limited in a second flow 13 of the gas by a first limiter 6, which is arranged on the side facing the exhaust volume 5 side.
  • the first limiter 6 is preferably a part of the carrier plate 10, whereby a separate component is saved. But it can also be arranged in its position relative to the tab 7 movable. Its position determines the maximum first deflection of the flap 7.
  • An advantage of the first limiter 6 on the one hand is the avoidance of a first deflection in one Area of plastic deformation of the tab 7, whereby the filling and pressure relief valve 9 would be unusable, and on the other hand, the possibility of setting a maximum amplitude of the first deflection.
  • a second limiter 8 for limiting a spacing of the filling and overpressure valve 9 from the carrier plate 10 during a first flow 12 (in filling operation) can be provided and arranged in particular on the side of the filling and pressure relief valve 9 facing the compression volume 4.
  • the second limiter 8 can also be arranged to be movable in its position relative to the tab 7. The position of the second limiter 8 determines the maximum distance by which the filling and pressure relief valve 9 can be lifted from the support plate 10.
  • the inventive self-blowing switch 1 comprises a lower element 21 and an upper element 20.
  • the upper element 20 is slidably disposed in the direction of the longitudinal axis 11 and the lower element 21 is fixed.
  • the top element 20, to which the first arcing contact 2a is attached is displaced in the direction away from the second arcing contact 2b.
  • Fig. 2 shows in the figures a to d different embodiments of the filling and pressure relief valve 9.
  • the filling and pressure relief valves 9 are designed as an annular disc with an outer edge 18a and an inner edge 18b.
  • the shapes that result from the lines shown within the edges 18a, 18b correspond to a plurality of tabs 7.
  • the at least one tab 7 is cut over the entire thickness of the annular disc in the annular disc.
  • the lines illustrate the incisions in the material of the annular disc.
  • the filling and overpressure valve 9 is designed such that the at least one tab 7 is deflectable at a minimum gas pressure in the compression volume 4 such that it releases an opening for gas flowing through, here in the second throughflow direction 13 from the compression volume 4 into the exhaust volume 5.
  • the filling and pressure relief valve 9 is interchangeable with another filling and pressure relief valve of a different thickness and with different shaped tabs. This allows an adaptation of the inventive Disblasschalters 1 to subsequently explained parameters. These parameters are the gas flow rate and the minimum gas pressure.
  • the shapes of the tabs 7 are related to the desired maximum gas flow rate in the case of the second flow 13 Fig. 2 As can be seen, the circumference of the incisions forming the tabs 7 determines the openable area of the at least one tab 7. In other words, for a given gas pressure, by varying the size of the tab cuts or by selecting the size of the openable area, the gas flow rate per unit time can be varied become.
  • the spring constant of the tab 7 changes, the tab 7 preferably having the same thickness as the plate of the filling and relief valve 9 or, if appropriate, a thickness deviating from the thickness of the plate.
  • a thicker flap 7 causes a higher spring constant or elastic restoring force and a thinner flap 7 a lower spring constant or elastic restoring force.
  • the spring constant or thickness of the tab 7 together with the tab length or opening area is decisive for the time or set pressure or minimum gas pressure for opening the filling and overpressure valve 9. At a higher spring constant, a higher minimum gas pressure is required to deflect the tab 7 , Accordingly, a lower minimum gas pressure is required at a lower spring rate.
  • the fat of the filling and pressure relief valve is thus a variable by which the desired minimum gas pressure for the opening of the valve 9 in the case of the second flow 13 is adjustable.
  • the maximum gas flow rate and the minimum gas pressure for the emergence of the second flow 13 in the self-blow switch 1 are in the simplest way adjustable by the exchange of differently shaped filling and pressure relief valves 9.
  • the self-blow switch 1 can be designed for use as an outdoor switch or as a metal-enclosed switch.
  • valve plate here preferably annular disc
  • at least one tab 7 which as a circular ring portion with respect to the center of the valve plate or annular disc with a radial and two concentric in the valve plate or annular disc is formed incised sides.
  • Fig. 3 has the annular disc in particular three such tabs 7.
  • the annular disc on an even number of tabs 7, in particular two tabs 7, which also, as explained above, as a circular ring sections with respect to the center of the annular disc with a radial and two concentric in the annular disc incised sides are formed.
  • Each two of the tabs are arranged in mirror image to each other with respect to a diameter line of the annular disc.
  • This embodiment is in Fig. 4 shown on the example of an annular disc with four tabs 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, wherein a first and a second tab 7a, 7b and a third and a fourth tab 7c, 7d are each arranged in mirror image to each other with respect to the diameter line 22 of the annular disc.
  • This embodiment of the filling and overpressure valve 9 in particular prevents a propeller effect, which could arise in an alignment of all tabs in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In other words, prevents the opposite orientation of two tabs that the annular disc could be placed upon opening of the filling and pressure relief valve 9 by the gas flow in a rotational movement.
  • an odd number of tabs can be selected.
  • an annular disc could after Fig. 3
  • two oppositely arranged tabs, wherein the orientation of the unassigned tab would not matter because frictional forces would sufficiently counteract a remaining rotational tendency of the annular disc.
  • the filling and overpressure valve 9 is designed such that, in the first flow 12 of the gas, it is movable out of the exhaust volume 5 into the compression volume 4 in the flow direction and, in the second flow 13 of the gas, out of the compression volume 4 into the exhaust volume 5 a support plate 10 is pressed.
  • the at least one tab 7 experiences the first resilient deflection in the direction of the exhaust volume 5 by the gas pressure acting on it, as a result of which the gas flows into the exhaust volume 5 (overpressure operation).
  • a current flows through the first and second rated current contacts 2c, 2d, which contact each other in this case.
  • the arc contacts 2a, 2b touch in this case.
  • the pressure in the compression volume 4 increases during the downward movement of the upper element 20 until the gas on reaching a certain differential pressure threshold or minimum gas pressure according to the invention statically executed pressure relief valve opens and can flow into the exhaust volume 5. From this minimum gas pressure namely the tab 7 is deflected resiliently in the direction of the exhaust volume 5, whereby it opens the filling and pressure relief valve 9 and the second flow 13 is formed. As a result, the maximum pressure in the compression volume 4 and also the compression work to be applied by the drive is limited. This puts in the right half of Fig. 1 , in overpressure operation, the overpressure function of the filling and overpressure valve 9 is. As soon as the pressure in the compression volume 4 has dropped below a certain value, the tab 7 comes back to its closing starting position.
  • the filling and overpressure valve 9 is configured such that the above-mentioned at least one tab 7 also includes at least one further tab 7, which at a first flow 12 of the gas from the exhaust volume 5 in the compression volume 4, ie in the filling operation , by the gas pressure acting thereon, ie filling pressure, a second resilient deflection experiences in the direction of the compression volume 4, whereby the gas flows into the compression volume 4.
  • Such a filling and overpressure valve 9 with at least one overpressure flap 7 for overpressure relief, here for the compression volume 4 through the second flow 13 of the gas from the compression volume 4 in the exhaust volume 5, and with at least one additional filling pressure tab 7, here Gas filling of the compression volume 4 at the contact opening by the first flow of the gas from the exhaust volume 5 in the compression volume 4, can be completely static, ie, fixedly mounted, formed.
  • the overpressure threshold value for the overpressure tab 7 or the filling pressure threshold value for the filling pressure tab 7, for opening the tab 7 and an openable surface in accordance with a predefinable gas flow rate be selected.
  • a limiter for limiting the second resilient deflection of the at least one filling pressure tab 7 may be arranged on the side of the tab 7 facing the compression volume 4 and may in particular be part of the carrier plate 10.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der Mittel- und Hochspannungstechnik und betrifft einen Selbstblasschalter nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, insbesondere für die Verwendung als Leistungsschalter in Energieverteilungsnetzen.The invention relates to the field of medium and high voltage engineering and relates to a self-blow switch according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for use as a circuit breaker in power distribution networks.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Derartige Selbstblasschalter, auch Druckgasschalter genannt, kommen insbesondere in der Hochspannungstechnik zum Einsatz. Selbstblasschalter sind derart konzipiert, dass im Falle einer Trennung der Kontakte bzw. im Kurzschlussfall ein entstehender Lichtbogen mit einem Gas beblasen und dadurch schnellstmöglich gelöscht wird. Das meistverwendete Gas für diesen Zweck ist SF6 (Schwefelhexafluorid).Such self-blowing switches, also called pressure gas switches, are used in particular in high-voltage technology. Self-blowing switches are designed in such a way that, in the event of a separation of the contacts or in the event of a short circuit, a developing arc is blown out with a gas and thereby extinguished as quickly as possible. The most commonly used gas for this purpose is SF 6 (sulfur hexafluoride).

Die europäische Patentanmeldung EP 1939910 A1 offenbart einen derartigen Druckgasschalter mit mehreren, relativ zueinander beweglichen Kontakten. Um einen ersten Kontakt ist ein Blasvolumen angeordnet, welches über einen Blaskanal mit einer Lichtbogenzone verbunden ist. Das Blasvolumen ist durch ein Trennelement von einem Niederdruckraum getrennt. In dem Trennelement ist eine Durchströmöffnung vorgesehen, welche zum Gasaustausch zwischen dem Blasvolumen und dem Niederdruckraum dient.The European patent application EP 1939910 A1 discloses such a gas blast switch with a plurality of relatively movable contacts. To a first contact, a blowing volume is arranged, which is connected via a blow duct with an arc zone. The blowing volume is separated by a separating element from a low-pressure space. In the separating element, a through-flow opening is provided, which serves for the gas exchange between the blowing volume and the low-pressure space.

Das amerikanische Patent US 5589673 offenbart einen Selbstblasschalter, bei dem eine Druckkammer, in der der Lichtbogen entsteht, ventilgesteuert mit einem Kompressionsraum verbunden ist. Der Kompressionsraum ist über ein Überdruckventil und ein Nachfüllventil mit einem Niederdruckraum verbunden. Die Ventile sind ringförmig und aneinanderliegend mit einer Überlappungszone angeordnet. Das Überdruckventil wird niederdruckraumseitig von einer Feder in Richtung des Kompressionsvolumens gegen eine Ventilhalterung gedrückt. Gas kann also erst dann aus dem Kompressionsvolumen in den Niederdruckraum strömen, wenn sein Druck grösser als die Federkraft ist. Diese Bauweise ist jedoch relativ kompliziert und erfordert viele Elemente.The American patent US5589673 discloses a self-blowing switch in which a pressure chamber in which the arc is formed, valve-controlled connected to a compression space. The compression chamber is connected via a pressure relief valve and a refill valve with a low pressure chamber. The valves are annular and arranged adjacent to one another with an overlap zone. The pressure relief valve is low pressure chamber side of a spring in the direction of the compression volume pressed against a valve holder. Thus, gas can only flow from the compression volume into the low-pressure space when its pressure is greater than the spring force. However, this construction is relatively complicated and requires many elements.

Das amerikanische Patent wird im Folgenden als nächstliegender Stand der Technik betrachtet.The American patent is considered below as the closest prior art.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine Vereinfachung der Bauweise von Selbstblasschaltern und eine Reduzierung der Anzahl erforderlicher Bauteile.Object of the present invention is a simplification of the design of self-blowing switches and a reduction in the number of required components.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch einen Selbstblasschalter mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs gelöst.The object is achieved according to the invention by a self-blowing switch with the features of the independent claim.

Erfindungsgemäss weist der Selbstblasschalter Kontakte für eine Zu- bzw. Abschaltung eines Stromkreises auf. Mindestens ein erster Lichtbogenkontakt und ein erster Nennstromkontakt sind in Richtung der Längsachse des Selbstblasschalters hin- und her bewegbar. Der erfindungsgemässe Selbstblasschalter weist weiter ein Kompressions- und ein Auspuffvolumen auf, welche mit einem Gas gefüllt sind. Das Kompressionsvolumen ist mittels mindestens eines ersten Ventils mit einem Heizvolumen verbunden. Das Heizvolumen ist seinerseits mit einer Lichtbogenzone verbunden. In der Lichtbogenzone entsteht bei der Abschaltung des Stromkreises während der Trennung des ersten Lichtbogenkontakts von mindestens einem zugeordneten zweiten Lichtbogenkontakt ein Lichtbogen zwischen den zwei Lichtbogenkontakten.According to the invention, the self-blowing switch has contacts for a connection or disconnection of a circuit. At least one first arcing contact and a first rated current contact can be moved back and forth in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the self-blowing switch. The inventive self-inflator further has a compression and an exhaust volume, which are filled with a gas. The compression volume is connected by means of at least one first valve with a heating volume. The heating volume is in turn connected to an arc zone. In the arc zone, when the circuit is disconnected during the separation of the first arcing contact from at least one associated second arcing contact, an arc is formed between the two arcing contacts.

Das Kompressionsvolumen ist mittels eines als eine Platte ausgebildeten kombinierten Füll- und Überdruckventils vom Auspuffvolumen getrennt. Das Füll- und Überdruckventil weist mindestens eine in der Platte ausgeformte Lasche auf.The compression volume is separated from the exhaust volume by means of a combined fill and pressure relief valve formed as a plate. The filling and overpressure valve has at least one tab formed in the plate.

Der Vorteil des erfindungsgemässen Selbstblasschalters ist eine Reduzierung der Anzahl erforderlicher Bauteile. Verglichen mit dem obengenannten amerikanischen Patent, bei dem zwei Platten zwischen Kompressions- und Auspuffvolumen und mindestens eine Feder zum Einsatz kommen, ist bei der vorliegenden Erfindung nur eine Platte notwendig. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist eine Vereinfachung der Bauweise des erfindungsgemässen Selbstblasschalters. Beim erfindungsgemässen Selbstblasschalter muss nur eine Platte zwischen den beiden Volumina platziert werden, während bei einem Schalter gemäss dem amerikanischen Patent ein komplizierteres Vorgehen besteht, bei dem die zwei Platten derart ausgerichtet werden müssen, dass die erforderliche Überlappung gegeben ist, und die Feder platziert und gegebenenfalls vorgespannt werden muss.The advantage of the inventive self-blowing switch is a reduction in the number of required components. Compared with the above-mentioned American patent, where two plates are used between the compression and exhaust volumes and at least one spring, only one plate is necessary in the present invention. Another advantage is a simplification of the construction of the inventive self-blowing switch. With the self-blowing switch according to the invention, only one plate has to be placed between the two volumes, while with a switch according to the American patent there is a more complicated procedure in which the two plates must be aligned such that the required overlap exists and the spring is placed and optionally must be biased.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Weitere Ausgestaltungen, Vorteile und Anwendungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen und aus der nun folgenden Beschreibung anhand der Figuren. Dabei zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt entlang der Längsachse des erfindungsgemässen Selbstblasschalters,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf Ausführungsformen des Füll- und Überdruckventils mit verschieden geformten Laschen, und
  • Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines Füll- und Überdruckventils.
  • Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines Füll- und Überdruckventils.
Further embodiments, advantages and applications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the following description with reference to FIGS. Showing:
  • Fig. 1 a cross section along the longitudinal axis of the inventive self-blow switch,
  • Fig. 2 a plan view of embodiments of the filling and pressure relief valve with differently shaped tabs, and
  • Fig. 3 a plan view of a preferred embodiment of a filling and pressure relief valve.
  • Fig. 4 a plan view of another preferred embodiment of a filling and pressure relief valve.

Die in den Figuren verwendeten Bezugszeichen und deren Bedeutung sind in der Bezugszeichenliste zusammengefasst aufgelistet. Für das Verständnis der Erfindung nicht wesentliche Teile sind teilweise nicht dargestellt. Die beschriebenen Ausführungsformen stehen beispielhaft für den Erfindungsgegenstand und haben keine beschränkende Wirkung, vielmehr kann die Erfindung auch in anderer Weise innerhalb des Umfangs der Patentansprüche ausgeführt werden.The reference numerals used in the figures and their meaning are listed in the list of reference numerals. For the understanding of the invention non-essential parts are partially not shown. The described embodiments are exemplary of the subject invention and have no limiting effect, but the invention may be practiced otherwise within the scope of the claims.

Wege zur Ausführung der ErfindungWays to carry out the invention

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Querschnitt entlang einer Längsachse 11 eines erfindungsgemässen Selbstblasschalters 1. Links der Längsachse 11 ist ein erster und rechts der Längsachse 11 ein zweiter Betriebszustand des Selbstblasschalters 1 dargestellt, die im Folgenden Füllbetrieb bzw. Überdruckbetrieb genannt werden. Fig. 1 shows a cross section along a longitudinal axis 11 of an inventive Selbstblasschalters 1. Left of the longitudinal axis 11 is shown a first and right of the longitudinal axis 11, a second operating state of the Selbstblasschalters 1, which are referred to below filling operation or overpressure.

Der Selbstblasschalter 1 verfügt über einen ersten Nennstromkontakt 2c, welcher derart in Richtung der Längsachse 11 des Selbstblasschalters 1 bewegbar ist, dass er mit einem zweiten Nennstromkontakt 2d in Berührung treten kann. Weiter verfügt der Selbstblasschalter 1 über einen ersten Lichtbogenkontakt 2a, welcher derart in Richtung der Längsachse 11 des Selbstblasschalters 1 bewegbar ist, dass er mit einem zweiten Lichtbogenkontakt 2b in Berührung treten kann. Im Falle der Trennung beider Lichtbogenkontakte 2a, 2b kann zwischen diesen ein Lichtbogen 15 entstehen. Beispielsweise ist für eine Abschaltung eines Netzteils der Lichtbogen 15 aufgrund der relativ kleinen Stromstärke in der Regel schwach. In einem Kurzschlussfall können jedoch sehr hohe Ströme entstehen und damit sehr starke Lichtbögen 15. Auf diese zwei Möglichkeiten wird im weiteren Verlauf der Beschreibung näher eingegangen, denn sie erfordern eine getrennte Vorgehensweise bei der Löschung des Lichtbogens 15.The self-blowing switch 1 has a first rated current contact 2c, which is movable in the direction of the longitudinal axis 11 of the self-blowing switch 1 such that it can come into contact with a second rated current contact 2d. Furthermore, the self-blowing switch 1 has a first arcing contact 2a, which is movable in the direction of the longitudinal axis 11 of the self-blowing switch 1 such that it can come into contact with a second arcing contact 2b. In the case of separation of the two arc contacts 2 a, 2 b, an arc 15 can arise between them. For example, for a shutdown of a power supply, the arc 15 due to the relatively small current usually weak. In a short circuit, however, very high currents can occur and thus very strong arcs 15. These two options will be discussed in more detail later in the description, because they require a separate approach to extinguishing the arc 15th

Die Löschung des Lichtbogens 15 erfolgt allgemein durch Beblasen des Lichtbogens 15 mit einem Gas, vorzugsweise SF6, das sich innerhalb einer Lichtbogenzone 3 befindet und das im aufgeheizten Zustand aus einem Heizvolumen 19 durch einen Heizkanal 17 in die Lichtbogenzone 3 auf den Lichtbogen 15 zuströmt. Der Heizkanal 17 ist typischerweise zwischen einer Hilfsdüse 16a und einer Hauptdüse 16b geformt.The extinction of the arc 15 is generally carried out by blowing the arc 15 with a gas, preferably SF 6 , which is located within an arc zone 3 and flows in the heated state from a heating volume 19 through a heating channel 17 in the arc zone 3 to the arc 15. The heating channel 17 is typically formed between an auxiliary nozzle 16a and a main nozzle 16b.

Das Heizvolumen 19 ist mittels mindestens eines Rückschlagventils 14, das vorzugsweise ringförmig ausgebildet ist, von einem Kompressionsvolumen 4 getrennt. Das Kompressionsvolumen 4 ist seinerseits mittels eines Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 von einem Auspuffvolumen 5 getrennt. Das Füll- und Überdruckventil 9 ist als mindestens eine Platte, vorzugsweise als eine um die Längsachse 11 des Selbstblasschalters 1 angeordnete Ringscheibe, ausgebildet und besteht vorzugsweise aus einem elastischen Material, insbesondere aus Federstahl. Es ist bevorzugt liegend und beweglich auf einer Trägerplatte 10 angeordnet.The heating volume 19 is separated from a compression volume 4 by means of at least one check valve 14, which is preferably annular. The compression volume 4 is in turn separated by means of a filling and pressure relief valve 9 of an exhaust volume 5. The filling and overpressure valve 9 is formed as at least one plate, preferably as an around the longitudinal axis 11 of the Selbstblasschalters 1 arranged annular disc, and preferably consists of an elastic material, in particular of spring steel. It is preferably arranged horizontally and movably on a carrier plate 10.

Das Füll- und Überdruckventil 9 ist mit mindestens einer Lasche 7 versehen, welche darin mindestens streckenweise über die gesamte Dicke des Füll- und Überdruckventils eingeschnitten ist. Dadurch, und auch durch die Beschaffenheit des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 aus dem elastischen Material, kann die Lasche 7 im Wesentlichen in Richtung der Längsachse 11 des erfindungsgemässen Selbstblasschalters 1 federnd ausgelenkt werden. Die Lasche 7 kann demgemäss entweder im Überdruckbetrieb eine erste Auslenkung in Richtung des Auspuffvolumens 5 oder im Füllbetrieb eine zweite Auslenkung in Richtung des Kompressionsvolumens 4 erfahren.The filling and pressure relief valve 9 is provided with at least one tab 7 which is cut therein at least in sections over the entire thickness of the filling and pressure relief valve. As a result, and also by the nature of the filling and pressure relief valve 9 made of the elastic material, the tab 7 can be deflected resiliently substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis 11 of the inventive self-blowing switch 1. The tab 7 can accordingly experience either a first deflection in the direction of the exhaust volume 5 in overpressure operation or a second deflection in the direction of the compression volume 4 in the filling operation.

In Richtung des Auspuffvolumens 5 (Überdruckbetrieb) ist die erste Auslenkung der Lasche 7 bei einer zweiten Strömung 13 des Gases durch einen ersten Begrenzer 6 begrenzt, der auf der dem Auspuffvolumen 5 zugewandten Seite angeordnet ist. Der erste Begrenzer 6 ist vorzugsweise ein Teil der Trägerplatte 10, wodurch ein eigenständiges Bauteil eingespart wird. Er kann aber auch in seiner Lage bezogen auf die Lasche 7 beweglich angeordnet sein. Seine Lage bestimmt die maximale erste Auslenkung der Lasche 7.In the direction of the exhaust volume 5 (overpressure operation), the first deflection of the flap 7 is limited in a second flow 13 of the gas by a first limiter 6, which is arranged on the side facing the exhaust volume 5 side. The first limiter 6 is preferably a part of the carrier plate 10, whereby a separate component is saved. But it can also be arranged in its position relative to the tab 7 movable. Its position determines the maximum first deflection of the flap 7.

Ein Vorteil des ersten Begrenzers 6 ist einerseits die Vermeidung einer ersten Auslenkung in einen Bereich plastischer Verformung der Lasche 7, wodurch das Füll- und Überdruckventil 9 unbrauchbar würde, und andererseits die Möglichkeit der Einstellung einer maximalen Amplitude der ersten Auslenkung.An advantage of the first limiter 6 on the one hand is the avoidance of a first deflection in one Area of plastic deformation of the tab 7, whereby the filling and pressure relief valve 9 would be unusable, and on the other hand, the possibility of setting a maximum amplitude of the first deflection.

Ein zweiter Begrenzer 8 zur Begrenzung eines Abstands des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 von der Trägerplatte 10 während einer ersten Strömung 12 (im Füllbetrieb) kann vorgesehen und insbesondere auf der dem Kompressionsvolumen 4 zugewandten Seite des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 angeordnet sein. Wie auch im Falle des ersten Begrenzers 6 ist auch der zweite Begrenzer 8 vorzugsweise ein Teil der Trägerplatte 10, wodurch ein weiteres eigenständiges Bauteil eingespart wird. Der zweite Begrenzer 8 kann aber auch in seiner Lage relativ zur Lasche 7 beweglich angeordnet sein. Die Lage des zweiten Begrenzers 8 bestimmt den maximalen Abstand, um den das Füll- und Überdruckventil 9 von der Trägerplatte 10 angehoben werden kann.A second limiter 8 for limiting a spacing of the filling and overpressure valve 9 from the carrier plate 10 during a first flow 12 (in filling operation) can be provided and arranged in particular on the side of the filling and pressure relief valve 9 facing the compression volume 4. As in the case of the first limiter 6 and the second limiter 8 is preferably a part of the support plate 10, whereby a further independent component is saved. The second limiter 8 can also be arranged to be movable in its position relative to the tab 7. The position of the second limiter 8 determines the maximum distance by which the filling and pressure relief valve 9 can be lifted from the support plate 10.

Der erfindungsgemässe Selbstblasschalter 1 umfasst ein Unterelement 21 und ein Oberelement 20. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Oberelement 20 in Richtung der Längsachse 11 verschiebbar angeordnet und das Unterelement 21 ist fest. Bei einer Trennung des ersten Lichtbogenkontakts 2a vom zweiten Lichtbogenkontakt 2b wird das Oberelement 20, an welchem der erste Lichtbogenkontakt 2a angebracht ist, in Richtung weg vom zweiten Lichtbogenkontakt 2b verschoben.The inventive self-blowing switch 1 comprises a lower element 21 and an upper element 20. In the illustrated embodiment, the upper element 20 is slidably disposed in the direction of the longitudinal axis 11 and the lower element 21 is fixed. When the first arcing contact 2a is separated from the second arcing contact 2b, the top element 20, to which the first arcing contact 2a is attached, is displaced in the direction away from the second arcing contact 2b.

Fig. 2 zeigt in den Figuren a bis d verschiedene Ausführungsformen des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9. In diesen Beispielen sind die Füll- und Überdruckventile 9 als Ringscheibe mit einem äusseren Rand 18a und einem inneren Rand 18b ausgeführt. Die Formen, welche sich aus den innerhalb der Ränder 18a, 18b dargestellten Linien ergeben, entsprechen mehreren Laschen 7. Bevorzugt ist die mindestens eine Lasche 7 über die gesamte Dicke der Ringscheibe in die Ringscheibe eingeschnitten. Die Linien verdeutlichen die Einschnitte in das Material der Ringscheibe. Fig. 2 shows in the figures a to d different embodiments of the filling and pressure relief valve 9. In these examples, the filling and pressure relief valves 9 are designed as an annular disc with an outer edge 18a and an inner edge 18b. The shapes that result from the lines shown within the edges 18a, 18b correspond to a plurality of tabs 7. Preferably, the at least one tab 7 is cut over the entire thickness of the annular disc in the annular disc. The lines illustrate the incisions in the material of the annular disc.

Das Füll- und Überdruckventil 9 ist derart ausgestaltet, dass die mindestens eine Lasche 7 bei einem Mindestgasdruck im Kompressionsvolumen 4 derart auslenkbar ist, dass sie eine Öffnung für durchströmendes Gas, hier in der zweiten Durchströmungsrichtung 13 vom Kompressionsvolumen 4 ins Auspuffvolumen 5, freigibt.The filling and overpressure valve 9 is designed such that the at least one tab 7 is deflectable at a minimum gas pressure in the compression volume 4 such that it releases an opening for gas flowing through, here in the second throughflow direction 13 from the compression volume 4 into the exhaust volume 5.

Das Füll- und Überdruckventil 9 ist mit einem anderen Füll- und Überdruckventil einer anderen Dicke und mit verschieden geformten Laschen austauschbar. Dies erlaubt eine Anpassung des erfindungsgemässen Selbstblasschalters 1 an nachfolgend erläuterte Parameter. Diese Parameter sind die Gasdurchlassmenge und der Mindestgasdruck.The filling and pressure relief valve 9 is interchangeable with another filling and pressure relief valve of a different thickness and with different shaped tabs. This allows an adaptation of the inventive Selbstblasschalters 1 to subsequently explained parameters. These parameters are the gas flow rate and the minimum gas pressure.

Die Formen der Laschen 7 stehen im Zusammenhang mit der gewünschten maximalen Gasdurchlassmenge im Falle der zweiten Strömung 13. Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, bestimmt der Umfang der Einschnitte, welche die Laschen 7 formen, die öffenbare Fläche der mindestens einen Lasche 7. Mit anderen Worten kann bei gegebenem Gasdruck durch Wahl des Umfangs der Lascheneinschnitte bzw. durch Wahl der Grösse der öffenbaren Fläche die Gasdurchlassmenge pro Zeiteinheit variiert werden.The shapes of the tabs 7 are related to the desired maximum gas flow rate in the case of the second flow 13 Fig. 2 As can be seen, the circumference of the incisions forming the tabs 7 determines the openable area of the at least one tab 7. In other words, for a given gas pressure, by varying the size of the tab cuts or by selecting the size of the openable area, the gas flow rate per unit time can be varied become.

Wird die Dicke des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 variiert, so ändert sich die Federkonstante der Lasche 7, wobei die Lasche 7 bevorzugt dieselbe Dicke wie die Platte des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 oder gegebenenfalls eine von der Dicke der Platte abgweichende Dicke aufweist. Eine dickere Lasche 7 bewirkt eine höhere Federkonstante oder elastische Rückstellkraft und eine dünnere Lasche 7 eine niedrigere Federkonstante oder elastische Rückstellkraft. Die Federkonstante bzw. Dicke der Lasche 7 ist zusammen mit der Laschenlänge bzw. Öffnungsfläche massgeblich für den Zeitpunkt bzw. Ansprechdruck bzw. Mindestgasdruck zum Öffnen des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9. Bei einer höheren Federkonstante wird ein höherer Mindestgasdruck benötigt, um die Lasche 7 auszulenken. Entsprechend wird bei einer niedrigeren Federkonstante ein niedrigerer Mindestgasdruck benötigt. Die Dicke des Füll- und Überdruckventils ist also eine Variable, durch welche der gewünschte Mindestgasdruck für die Öffnung des Ventils 9 im Falle der zweiten Strömung 13 einstellbar ist.If the thickness of the filling and pressure relief valve 9 is varied, the spring constant of the tab 7 changes, the tab 7 preferably having the same thickness as the plate of the filling and relief valve 9 or, if appropriate, a thickness deviating from the thickness of the plate. A thicker flap 7 causes a higher spring constant or elastic restoring force and a thinner flap 7 a lower spring constant or elastic restoring force. The spring constant or thickness of the tab 7 together with the tab length or opening area is decisive for the time or set pressure or minimum gas pressure for opening the filling and overpressure valve 9. At a higher spring constant, a higher minimum gas pressure is required to deflect the tab 7 , Accordingly, a lower minimum gas pressure is required at a lower spring rate. The fat of the filling and pressure relief valve is thus a variable by which the desired minimum gas pressure for the opening of the valve 9 in the case of the second flow 13 is adjustable.

Man kann also eine elastische Rückstellkraft oder Federkonstante einstellen, indem eine Elastizität und/oder Form der mindestens einen Lasche 7 nach Massgabe eines vorgebbaren Mindestgasdrucks zum Öffnen der Lasche 7 gewählt wird, und man kann eine öffenbare Fläche der mindestens einen Lasche 7 nach Massgabe einer vorgebbaren Gasdurchlassmenge wählen. Damit sind auch durch den Austausch von verschieden geformten Füll- und Überdruckventilen 9 die maximale Gasdurchlassmenge und der Mindestgasdruck für das Zustandekommen der zweiten Strömung 13 im Selbstblasschalter 1 auf einfachste Weise einstellbar.So you can set an elastic restoring force or spring constant by an elasticity and / or shape of the at least one tab 7 is selected according to a predetermined minimum gas pressure to open the tab 7, and you can openable area of the at least one tab 7 in accordance with a predetermined Select gas flow rate. Thus, the maximum gas flow rate and the minimum gas pressure for the emergence of the second flow 13 in the self-blow switch 1 are in the simplest way adjustable by the exchange of differently shaped filling and pressure relief valves 9.

Der Selbstblasschalter 1 ist für den Einsatz als Freiluftschalter oder als metallgekapselter Schalter ausbildbar.The self-blow switch 1 can be designed for use as an outdoor switch or as a metal-enclosed switch.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 für den Einsatz im Selbstblasschalter 1 weist die Ventilplatte, hier bevorzugt Ringscheibe, mindestens eine Lasche 7 auf, welche als Kreisringabschnitt bezüglich des Mittelpunkts der Ventilplatte oder Ringscheibe mit einer radialen und zwei konzentrischen in die Ventilplatte oder Ringscheibe eingeschnittenen Seiten ausgebildet ist.In a further preferred embodiment of a filling and pressure relief valve 9 for use in the self-blow switch 1, the valve plate, here preferably annular disc, at least one tab 7, which as a circular ring portion with respect to the center of the valve plate or annular disc with a radial and two concentric in the valve plate or annular disc is formed incised sides.

In dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3 weist die Ringscheibe insbesondere drei solche Laschen 7 auf.In the preferred embodiment according to Fig. 3 has the annular disc in particular three such tabs 7.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 weist die Ringscheibe eine gerade Anzahl von Laschen 7 auf, insbesondere zwei Laschen 7, welche ebenfalls, wie oben erläutert, als Kreisringabschnitte bezüglich des Mittelpunkts der Ringscheibe mit einer radialen und zwei konzentrischen in die Ringscheibe eingeschnittenen Seiten ausgebildet sind. Je zwei der Laschen sind spiegelbildlich zueinander bezüglich einer Durchmesserlinie der Ringscheibe angeordnet.In a further preferred embodiment of the filling and overpressure valve 9, the annular disc on an even number of tabs 7, in particular two tabs 7, which also, as explained above, as a circular ring sections with respect to the center of the annular disc with a radial and two concentric in the annular disc incised sides are formed. Each two of the tabs are arranged in mirror image to each other with respect to a diameter line of the annular disc.

Diese Ausführungsform ist in Fig. 4 am Beispiel einer Ringscheibe mit vier Laschen 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d dargestellt, wobei eine erste und eine zweite Lasche 7a, 7b bzw. eine dritte und eine vierte Lasche 7c, 7d jeweils spiegelbildlich zueinander bezüglich der Durchmesserlinie 22 der Ringscheibe angeordnet sind. Diese Ausführungsform des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 verhindert insbesondere einen Propellereffekt, welcher bei einer Ausrichtung aller Laschen in Uhrzeigersinn bzw. gegen den Uhrzeigersinn entstehen könnte. Mit anderen Worten verhindert die gegenläufige Ausrichtung von je zwei Laschen, dass die Ringscheibe beim Öffnen des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 durch die Gasströmung in eine Rotationsbewegung versetzt werden könnte.This embodiment is in Fig. 4 shown on the example of an annular disc with four tabs 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, wherein a first and a second tab 7a, 7b and a third and a fourth tab 7c, 7d are each arranged in mirror image to each other with respect to the diameter line 22 of the annular disc. This embodiment of the filling and overpressure valve 9 in particular prevents a propeller effect, which could arise in an alignment of all tabs in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In other words, prevents the opposite orientation of two tabs that the annular disc could be placed upon opening of the filling and pressure relief valve 9 by the gas flow in a rotational movement.

Abhängig von der Dimensionierung des erfindungsgemässen Selbstblasschalters 1 kann selbstverständlich auch eine ungerade Anzahl von Laschen gewählt werden. Beispielsweise könnte eine Ringscheibe nach Fig. 3 auch zwei gegenläufig angeordnete Laschen aufweisen, wobei die Ausrichtung der nicht zugeordneten Lasche keine Rolle spielen würde, da Reibungskräfte ausreichend einer verbleibenden Rotationstendenz der Ringscheibe entgegenwirken würden.Depending on the dimensions of the inventive self-blow switch 1, of course, an odd number of tabs can be selected. For example, an annular disc could after Fig. 3 Also, two oppositely arranged tabs, wherein the orientation of the unassigned tab would not matter because frictional forces would sufficiently counteract a remaining rotational tendency of the annular disc.

Im Folgenden wird die Funktionsweise des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 mit Hilfe der bereits beschriebenen strukturellen Merkmale des erfindungsgemässen Selbstblasschalters 1 erläutert.In the following, the mode of operation of the filling and overpressure valve 9 will be explained with the aid of the already described structural features of the inventive self-blowing switch 1.

Das Füll- und Überdruckventil 9 ist derart ausgestaltet, dass es bei der ersten Strömung 12 des Gases aus dem Auspuffvolumen 5 in das Kompressionsvolumen 4 in Strömungsrichtung bewegbar ist und dass es bei der zweiten Strömung 13 des Gases aus dem Kompressionsvolumen 4 in das Auspuffvolumen 5 auf eine Trägerplatte 10 gedrückt wird. Im zweiten Fall erfährt die mindestens eine Lasche 7 durch den auf sie einwirkenden Gasdruck die erste federnde Auslenkung in Richtung des Auspuffvolumens 5, wodurch das Gas ins Auspuffvolumen 5 strömt (Überdruckbetrieb).The filling and overpressure valve 9 is designed such that, in the first flow 12 of the gas, it is movable out of the exhaust volume 5 into the compression volume 4 in the flow direction and, in the second flow 13 of the gas, out of the compression volume 4 into the exhaust volume 5 a support plate 10 is pressed. In the second case, the at least one tab 7 experiences the first resilient deflection in the direction of the exhaust volume 5 by the gas pressure acting on it, as a result of which the gas flows into the exhaust volume 5 (overpressure operation).

Im geschlossenen Zustand des Selbstblasschalters 1 fliesst ein Strom über den ersten und den zweiten Nennstromkontakt 2c, 2d, die sich in diesem Fall berühren. Auch die Lichtbogenkontakte 2a, 2b berühren sich in diesem Fall.In the closed state of the self-blowing switch 1, a current flows through the first and second rated current contacts 2c, 2d, which contact each other in this case. The arc contacts 2a, 2b touch in this case.

Vor einer Schalthandlung sind typischerweise alle Volumina mit dem Gas gleichen Drucks gefüllt. Druckunterschiede und Gasströmungen, wie z.B. die erste bzw. die zweite Strömung 12 bzw. 13, entstehen erst durch die Schalthandlung, also z.B. beim Trennen des Stromkreises.Before a switching operation, all volumes are typically filled with the gas of the same pressure. Pressure differences and gas flows, such as the first and the second flow 12 and 13, respectively, arise only through the switching action, e.g. when disconnecting the circuit.

Beim Trennen des Stromkreises, d.h. bei einer Bewegung des oberen Elements 20 in Richtung der Längsachse 11 weg vom zweiten Lichtbogenkontakt 2b, werden zunächst die Nennstromkontakte 2c, 2d getrennt, wodurch der Strom jetzt nur noch über die sich noch berührenden Lichtbogenkontakte 2a, 2b fliesst. Bei der weiteren Bewegung des oberen Elements 20 werden nun auch die Lichtbogenkontakte 2a, 2b getrennt und es entsteht der Lichtbogen 15. Bei der weiteren Bewegung des oberen Elements 20 wird der Lichtbogen 15 aufgezogen. Beim Trennen der Lichtbogenkontakte 2a, 2b wird, wie oben beschrieben, das Oberelement 20 in Richtung des feststehenden Unterelements 21 verschoben. Dadurch steigt der Gasdruck im Kompressionsvolumen 4. Sobald er höher als im Heizvolumen 19 ist, strömt Gas aus dem Kompressionsvolumen 4 durch das Rückschlagventil 14 ins Heizvolumen 19, wodurch sich der Gasdruck im Heizvolumen auch erhöht.When disconnecting the circuit, i. during a movement of the upper element 20 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 11 away from the second arcing contact 2b, the rated current contacts 2c, 2d are first separated, whereby the current now flows only over the still-touching arcing contacts 2a, 2b. In the further movement of the upper element 20, the arc contacts 2a, 2b are now separated and there is the arc 15. In the further movement of the upper element 20 of the arc 15 is raised. When separating the arcing contacts 2a, 2b, as described above, the upper element 20 is displaced in the direction of the stationary lower element 21. As a result, the gas pressure in the compression volume increases 4. As soon as it is higher than in the heating volume 19, gas flows from the compression volume 4 through the check valve 14 into the heating volume 19, whereby the gas pressure in the heating volume also increases.

Auch bei schwachen Lichtbögen 15, z. B. bei Unterbrechung von Betriebsströmen, nimmt das Gasvolumen zu, sobald das Gas in der Lichtbogenzone 3 durch einen bei betriebsgemässer Trennung der Lichtbogenkontakte 2a, 2b entstehenden Lichtbogen 15 im wesentlichen aufgeheizt ist. Der Gasdruck in der Lichtbogenzone 3 bleibt jedoch bei schwachen Lichtbogen 15, also bei schwachen zu unterbrechenden Strömen, kleiner als der Gasdruck im Heizvolumen 19. Daher strömt das Gas in diesem Fall immer aus dem Kompressionsvolumen 4 ins Heizvolumen 19 und durch den Heizkanal 17 in die Lichtbogenzone 3, wo der Lichtbogen 15 im Stromnulldurchgang ausgeblasen wird.Even with weak arcs 15, z. As in the case of interruption of operating currents, the gas volume increases as soon as the gas in the arc zone 3 is substantially heated by an arc 15 which is produced when the arc contacts 2 a, 2 b are properly disconnected. However, the gas pressure in the arc zone 3 remains at low arc 15, so at weak currents to be interrupted, smaller than the gas pressure in the heating volume 19. Therefore, the gas flows in this case always from the compression volume 4 into the heating volume 19 and through the Heating channel 17 in the arc zone 3, where the arc 15 is blown in the current zero crossing.

Bei starken Lichtbögen 15, welche beispielsweise aufgrund eines Kurzschlusses entstehen können, heizt sich aufgrund der hohen Stromstärke des Lichtbogens 15 das Gas in der Lichtbogenzone 3 schnell auf, wodurch auch ein starker Druckanstieg im Heizvolumen 19 auftritt. Beim Nulldurchgang des Stroms fällt der Druck in der Lichtbogenzone schnell ab, wodurch ein Druckgradient zwischen Lichtbogenzone 3 und Heizvolumen 19 entsteht. Als Folge strömt Gas aus dem Heizvolumen 19 durch den Heizkanal 17 zurück in die Lichtbogenzone 3, wodurch der Lichtbogen 15 intensiv beblasen und gelöscht wird. Aufgrund des starken Druckanstiegs im Heizvolumen 19, welcher den Gasdruck im Kompressionsvolumen 4 übersteigt, schliesst das Rückschlagventil 14 und es strömt kein weiteres Gas aus dem Kompressionsvolumen 4 ins Heizvolumen 19. Der Druck im Kompressionsvolumen 4 steigt während der Abwärtsbewegung des oberen Elements 20 weiter, bis das Gas bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Differenzdruckschwellwerts oder Mindestgasdrucks das erfindungsgemäss statisch ausgeführte Überdruckventil öffnet und ins Auspuffvolumen 5 strömen kann. Ab diesem Mindestgasdruck wird nämlich die Lasche 7 in Richtung des Auspuffvolumens 5 federnd ausgelenkt, wodurch sie das Füll- und Überdruckventil 9 öffnet und die zweite Strömung 13 entsteht. Dadurch wird der maximale Druck im Kompressionsvolumen 4 und auch die vom Antrieb aufzubringende Kompressionsarbeit begrenzt. Dies stellt in der rechten Hälfte von Fig. 1, im Überdruckbetrieb, die Überdruckfunktion des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 dar. Sobald der Druck im Kompressionsvolumen 4 wieder unter einem bestimmten Wert gesunken ist kommt die Lasche 7 in ihre schliessende Ausgangslage zurück.For strong arcs 15, which may occur, for example, due to a short circuit, due to the high current intensity of the arc 15, the gas heats up quickly in the arc zone 3, whereby a strong pressure increase in the heating volume 19 occurs. At the zero crossing of the current, the pressure in the arc zone drops rapidly, whereby a pressure gradient between the arc zone 3 and heating volume 19 is formed. As a result, gas flows from the heating volume 19 through the heating channel 17 back into the arc zone 3, whereby the arc 15 is intensively blown and extinguished. Due to the large pressure increase in the heating volume 19, which exceeds the gas pressure in the compression volume 4, the check valve 14 closes and no further gas flows from the compression volume 4 into the heating volume 19. The pressure in the compression volume 4 increases during the downward movement of the upper element 20 until the gas on reaching a certain differential pressure threshold or minimum gas pressure according to the invention statically executed pressure relief valve opens and can flow into the exhaust volume 5. From this minimum gas pressure namely the tab 7 is deflected resiliently in the direction of the exhaust volume 5, whereby it opens the filling and pressure relief valve 9 and the second flow 13 is formed. As a result, the maximum pressure in the compression volume 4 and also the compression work to be applied by the drive is limited. This puts in the right half of Fig. 1 , in overpressure operation, the overpressure function of the filling and overpressure valve 9 is. As soon as the pressure in the compression volume 4 has dropped below a certain value, the tab 7 comes back to its closing starting position.

Beim Schliessen der Lichtbogenkontakte 2a, 2b wird das Oberelement 20 in Richtung des zweiten Lichtbogenkontakts 2b bewegt. Dadurch entsteht im Kompressionsvolumen 4 ein Unterdruck gegenüber dem Auspuffvolumen 5. Dies hat zur Folge, dass das Füll- und Überdruckventil 9 von der Trägerplatte 10 abhebt und frisches Gas ins Kompressionsvolumen 4 strömt. Mit anderen Worten entsteht in diesem Fall die erste Strömung 12. Dies stellt in der linken Hälfte von Fig. 1, im Füllbetrieb, die Füllfunktionalität des Füll- und Überdruckventils 9 dar.When closing the arcing contacts 2a, 2b, the upper element 20 is moved in the direction of the second arcing contact 2b. This results in the compression volume 4, a negative pressure relative to the exhaust volume. 5 This has the consequence that the filling and pressure relief valve 9 lifts off from the support plate 10 and fresh gas flows into the compression volume 4. In other words, in this case, the first flow 12 arises. This represents in the left half of Fig. 1 , in the filling operation, the filling functionality of the filling and pressure relief valve 9.

In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Füll- und Überdruckventil 9 derart ausgestaltet, dass die oben genannte mindestens eine Lasche 7 auch mindestens eine weitere Lasche 7 umfasst, die bei einer ersten Strömung 12 des Gases aus dem Auspuffvolumen 5 in das Kompressionsvolumen 4, d.h. im Füllbetrieb, durch den darauf einwirkenden Gasdruck, d.h. Einfülldruck, eine zweite federnde Auslenkung in Richtung des Kompressionsvolumens 4 erfährt, wodurch das Gas in das Kompressionsvolumen 4 strömt. Ein solches Füll- und Überdruckventil 9 mit mindestens einer Überdruck-Lasche 7 für Überdruckentlastung, hier für das Kompressionsvolumen 4 durch die zweite Strömung 13 des Gases aus dem Kompressionsvolumen 4 in das Auspuffvolumen 5, und mit mindestens einer zusätzlichen Fülldruck-Lasche 7, hier zur Gasbefüllung des Kompressionsvolumens 4 beim Kontaktöffnen durch die erste Strömung des Gases aus dem Auspuffvolumen 5 in das Kompressionsvolumen 4, kann vollständig statisch, d.h. fest montiert, ausgebildet sein. Für die mindestens eine Überdruck-Lasche 7 und die mindestens eine Fülldruck-Lasche 7 können jeweils separat oder sogar für jede Lasche 7 einzeln oder individuell Elastizität und/oder Form nach Massgabe eines vorgebbaren Mindestgasdrucks, hier des Überdruck-Schwellwerts für die Überdruck-Lasche 7 oder des Fülldruck-Schwellwerts für die Fülldruck-Lasche 7, zum Öffnen der Lasche 7 und eine öffenbare Fläche nach Massgabe einer vorgebbaren Gasdurchlassmenge gewählt sein. Ebenso kann ein Begrenzer zum Begrenzen der zweiten federnden Auslenkung der mindestens einen Fülldruck-Lasche 7 auf der dem Kompressionsvolumen 4 zugewandten Seite der Lasche 7 angeordnet sein und kann insbesondere Teil der Trägerplatte 10 sein.In another embodiment, the filling and overpressure valve 9 is configured such that the above-mentioned at least one tab 7 also includes at least one further tab 7, which at a first flow 12 of the gas from the exhaust volume 5 in the compression volume 4, ie in the filling operation , by the gas pressure acting thereon, ie filling pressure, a second resilient deflection experiences in the direction of the compression volume 4, whereby the gas flows into the compression volume 4. Such a filling and overpressure valve 9 with at least one overpressure flap 7 for overpressure relief, here for the compression volume 4 through the second flow 13 of the gas from the compression volume 4 in the exhaust volume 5, and with at least one additional filling pressure tab 7, here Gas filling of the compression volume 4 at the contact opening by the first flow of the gas from the exhaust volume 5 in the compression volume 4, can be completely static, ie, fixedly mounted, formed. For the at least one overpressure tab 7 and the at least one filling pressure tab 7, separately or individually for each tab 7 individually or individually, elasticity and / or shape in accordance with a predeterminable minimum gas pressure, here the overpressure threshold value for the overpressure tab 7 or the filling pressure threshold value for the filling pressure tab 7, for opening the tab 7 and an openable surface in accordance with a predefinable gas flow rate be selected. Likewise, a limiter for limiting the second resilient deflection of the at least one filling pressure tab 7 may be arranged on the side of the tab 7 facing the compression volume 4 and may in particular be part of the carrier plate 10.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
= Selbstblasschalter= Self-blowing switch
2a2a
= erster Lichtbogenkontakt= first arcing contact
2b2 B
= zweiter Lichtbogenkontakt= second arc contact
2c2c
= erster Nennstromkontakt= first rated current contact
2d2d
= zweiter Nennstromkontakt= second rated current contact
33
= Lichtbogenzone= Arc zone
44
= Kompressionsvolumen= Compression volume
55
= Auspuffvolumen= Exhaust volume
66
= erster Begrenzer= first limiter
7, 7a-7d7, 7a-7d
= Laschen, Überdrucköffnungslaschen= Tabs, overpressure opening tabs
88th
= zweiter Begrenzer= second limiter
99
= Füll- und Überdruckventil= Filling and overpressure valve
1010
= Trägerplatte= Carrier plate
1111
= Längsachse des Selbstblasschalters= Longitudinal axis of the self-blowing switch
1212
= erste Strömung= first flow
1313
= zweite Strömung= second flow
1414
= Rückschlagventil= Check valve
1515
= Lichtbogen= Arc
16a16a
= Hilfsdüse= Auxiliary nozzle
16b16b
= Hauptdüse= Main nozzle
1717
= Heizkanal in der Lichtbogenzone= Heating channel in the arc zone
18a18a
= äusserer Rand= outer edge
18b18b
= innerer Rand= inner edge
1919
= Heizvolumen= Heating volume
2020
= Oberelement= Top element
2121
= Unterelement= Subelement
2222
= Durchmesserlinie= Diameter line

Claims (14)

  1. Self-blowout circuit breaker (1) having contacts for connecting or disconnecting a circuit, at least one first arcing contact (2a) and one first rated current contact (2c) being movable back and forth in the direction of the longitudinal axis (11) of the self-blowout circuit breaker (1),
    having a compression volume (4) which is connected to a heating volume (19) by at least one non-return valve (14), which heating volume (19) is connected to an arc zone (3), in which case, upon the disconnection of the circuit, while the first arcing contact (2a) is being disconnected from at least one associated second arcing contact (2b), an arc (15) is produced between the two arcing contacts (2a, 2b) in the arc zone (3),
    having an exhaust volume (5), the compression volume (4) and the exhaust volume (5) being filled with a gas, and
    having a combined filling and overpressure valve (9) separating the compression volume (4) from the exhaust volume (5),
    characterized in that the combined filling and overpressure valve is in the form of a plate (9), and in that at least one tab (7) is formed in the plate (9).
  2. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to Claim 1, characterized in that the combined filling and overpressure valve (9) is in the form of an annular disk arranged around the longitudinal axis (11) of the self-blowout circuit breaker (1).
  3. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling and overpressure valve (9) is configured in such a manner that it is movable in the direction of flow in the case of a first flow (12) of the gas from the exhaust volume (5) into the compression volume (4).
  4. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling and overpressure valve (9) is configured in such a manner that it is pressed onto a carrier plate (10) in the case of a second flow (13) of the gas from the compression volume (4) into the exhaust volume (5), and the at least one tab (7) undergoes a first resilient deflection in the direction of the exhaust volume (5) as a result of the gas pressure acting on it, such that the gas flows into the exhaust volume (5).
  5. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to Claim 4, characterized in that a first limiter (6) for limiting the first resilient deflection of the at least one tab (7) is arranged on that side of the tab (7) which faces the exhaust volume (5), and in particular is part of the carrier plate (10).
  6. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to either of Claims 4 and 5, characterized in that a second limiter (8) for limiting a distance between the filling and overpressure valve (9) and the carrier plate (10) during the first flow (12) is arranged on that side of the filling and overpressure valve (9) which faces the compression volume (4), and in particular is part of the carrier plate (10).
  7. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the annular disk has the at least one tab (7), in particular at least three tabs (7), which are in the form of annulus segments with respect to a center point of the annular disk having one radial side and two concentric sides cut into the annular disk.
  8. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the annular disk has a plurality of the tabs (7), which are in the form of annulus segments with respect to a center point of the annular disk having one radial side and two concentric sides cut into the annular disk, two of the tabs (7a, 7b; 7c, 7d) in each case being arranged in a mirror-inverted manner to one another with respect to a diameter line (22) of the annular disk.
  9. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling and overpressure valve (9) is replaceable.
  10. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one tab (7), in particular the entire filling and overpressure valve (9), consists of an elastic material, preferably spring steel.
  11. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the self-blowout circuit breaker (1) is in the form of a life tank breaker or a metal-encapsulated switch.
  12. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling and overpressure valve (9) is configured in such a manner that, in the case of a minimum gas pressure in the compression volume (4), the at least one tab (7) is deflectable in such a manner that it uncovers an opening.
  13. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an elasticity and/or shape of the at least one tab (7) is/are selected in accordance with a predefinable minimum gas pressure for opening the tab (7) and an openable area of the at least one tab (7) is selected in accordance with a predefinable gas throughflow amount.
  14. Self-blowout circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling and overpressure valve (9) is configured in such a manner that the at least one tab (7) comprises at least one overpressure tab (7) for relieving overpressure in the compression volume (4) and at least one filling pressure tab (7) for filling the compression volume (4) with gas.
EP09170549.1A 2009-09-17 2009-09-17 Self-blow switch with filling and excess pressure valve Active EP2299464B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09170549.1A EP2299464B1 (en) 2009-09-17 2009-09-17 Self-blow switch with filling and excess pressure valve
US12/881,735 US8410388B2 (en) 2009-09-17 2010-09-14 Self-blowout circuit breaker having a filling and overpressure valve
CN201010294375.5A CN102024619B (en) 2009-09-17 2010-09-17 With formula of the boasting circuit breaker of filling and excess pressure valve

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09170549.1A EP2299464B1 (en) 2009-09-17 2009-09-17 Self-blow switch with filling and excess pressure valve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2299464A1 EP2299464A1 (en) 2011-03-23
EP2299464B1 true EP2299464B1 (en) 2016-08-31

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09170549.1A Active EP2299464B1 (en) 2009-09-17 2009-09-17 Self-blow switch with filling and excess pressure valve

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US8410388B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2299464B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102024619B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20140023318A (en) 2011-03-17 2014-02-26 에이비비 테크놀로지 아게 Gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker
DE102012202408A1 (en) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switchgear arrangement
US9384924B2 (en) * 2012-05-22 2016-07-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Gas circuit breaker
DE102013108154A1 (en) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-05 Abb Technology Ag breakers
EP3419039B1 (en) * 2017-06-20 2020-08-26 General Electric Technology GmbH Electric high-voltage circuit breaker
EP3503153B1 (en) * 2017-12-22 2021-09-01 ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG Gas-insulated high or medium voltage circuit breaker

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2316009B2 (en) * 1973-03-30 1977-11-10 Zusatz in: 24 55 674 Siemews A.G, tOOQ Betlm \md 8000 München GAS FLOW SWITCH
DE4107673A1 (en) * 1991-03-09 1992-09-10 Sachsenwerk Ag Encapsulated multiphase switchgear filled with insulating gas - has earthed isolating walls between conductors and operating gear of individual phases for subdivision into separate chambers
DE4211159A1 (en) * 1992-03-31 1993-10-07 Siemens Ag Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker
US5589672A (en) * 1994-06-14 1996-12-31 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Circuit breaker with arc quenching device and vent
ES2109552T3 (en) * 1994-06-20 1998-01-16 Gec Alsthom T & D Ag COMPRESSED GAS SWITCH.
JP4174094B2 (en) * 1998-01-29 2008-10-29 株式会社東芝 Gas circuit breaker
DE19928080C5 (en) * 1999-06-11 2006-11-16 Siemens Ag High voltage circuit breaker with a discharge channel
US6807892B2 (en) * 2002-12-30 2004-10-26 Xerox Corporation Pneumatic actuator with elastomeric membrane and low-power electrostatic flap valve arrangement
EP1939910A1 (en) 2006-12-27 2008-07-02 ABB Technology AG Gas blast circuit breaker with a radial flow opening

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102024619B (en) 2015-09-09
US20110062116A1 (en) 2011-03-17
CN102024619A (en) 2011-04-20
US8410388B2 (en) 2013-04-02
EP2299464A1 (en) 2011-03-23

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