EP2795648B1 - Device for protection against particles generated by an electric switching arc - Google Patents

Device for protection against particles generated by an electric switching arc Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2795648B1
EP2795648B1 EP12809822.5A EP12809822A EP2795648B1 EP 2795648 B1 EP2795648 B1 EP 2795648B1 EP 12809822 A EP12809822 A EP 12809822A EP 2795648 B1 EP2795648 B1 EP 2795648B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protection
protection element
protection device
parts
particles generated
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP12809822.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2795648A1 (en
Inventor
Didier Rodrigues
Denis Frigiere
Jean Marc Willieme
Frank Jacquier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
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Alstom Technology AG
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Publication of EP2795648A1 publication Critical patent/EP2795648A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/08—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H33/10—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/08—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H2009/305—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts including means for screening for arc gases as protection of mechanism against hot arc gases or for keeping arc gases in the arc chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66269—Details relating to the materials used for screens in vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66292—Details relating to the use of multiple screens in vacuum switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for protection against particles generated by a switching electric arc.
  • a device for protection against particles generated by a switching electric arc.
  • Such a device is particularly suitable for high voltage (HV) and medium voltage (MV) electrical equipment, including HV circuit breakers, MV circuit breakers and generator circuit breakers.
  • HV high voltage
  • MV medium voltage
  • circuit breakers In the majority of circuit breakers, there is a main electrical circuit for the passage of electric current when the circuit breaker is in the closed position and a secondary electrical circuit for the function of breaking the current when it is desired to place the circuit breaker in the open position.
  • the figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker disclosed in the document EP-A-0 982 748 (corresponding to the patent US 6 211478 ) and showing a main electrical circuit and a secondary electrical circuit.
  • a casing 1 circuit breaker having a longitudinal axis 2, consisting of a metal upper portion 3, a lower metal portion 4 and a central portion 5 of electrically insulating material connecting the parts 3 and 4 .
  • the main electrical circuit comprises the upper and lower metal portions 3 and 4 and intermediate metal elements: the contact 6 fixed to the upper part 3, the contact 7 integral with the lower part 4 and the movable contact 8 consisting of a succession of fingers and which can be moved to connect the fixed contacts 6 and 7 (as shown in the figure to the left of the axis 2) or not to ensure the connection between the fixed contacts 6 and 7 (as shown in the figure to the right of the axis 2).
  • the secondary electric circuit comprises a contact pin 14 able to be moved from a high position (see the left-hand part of the figure) to a low position (see the right-hand part of the figure) by means of a ordered.
  • the contact pin 14 slides along the longitudinal axis 2 while being guided by a slideway 13. In the up position, the contact pin 14 is in electrical connection with the upper part 3 of the housing via the horizontal partition 9 of FIG. the part 3 equipped in the center of the tulip contact 11. In the low position, the contact pin 14 is no longer in electrical connection with the upper part 3 of the housing 1.
  • the figure 1 also shows an arrangement 10 for the switching arc whose volume 18 is limited by the partition 9, the tulip contact 11, the circular wall 20 of eclectically insulating material, the partition 15 secured to the part 4 and equipped in its center of the nozzle 12.
  • the figure 1 still shows an arc chamber 16, an electric arc 17, a circular blast slot 19, blast cylinders 21, blast pistons 22, blast channels 23 and check valves 24.
  • the main contacts (the movable contact 8 and the fixed contacts 6 and 7) separate first and the electric current that passed through these contacts switches on the secondary circuit. This switching gives rise to an arc between the fixed contacts and the moving contact. This arc rejects sparks that disturb the dielectric strength of the equipment.
  • the document EP-A-0 982 748 advocates the use of materials resistant to electrical erosion. However, if the amount of sparks then emitted is lower, it is still critical for the dielectric strength of the equipment.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a protection device for limiting the impact of the electric arc phenomenon, so as to increase the dielectric withstand / output of the device, equipped with this protection device transient as steady state.
  • a first object of the invention consists of a protection device against particles generated by an electric arc when a first electrically conductive part and a second electrically conductive part of an electrical connection assembly are separated from each other, the first electrically conductive part and the second electrically conductive part each having a cylindrical contact surface and the separation of the first and second parts by relative sliding of one of the contact surfaces on the other surface of the contact, the protection device comprising a protection element disposed near the location of the separation of the first part and the second part and facing one of the contact faces to screen said particles, the element of protection being of cylindrical shape and located outside the cylindrical shapes of the first t of the second piece, characterized in that the device comprises another cylindrical protective element located inside the cylindrical shapes of the first and second part.
  • the protective element or the other protective element can then be metallic or metallized.
  • the protective element or the other protective element may be of electrically insulating material.
  • the protective device may comprise an additional ring-shaped or ring-shaped protective element, located within the cylindrical shapes of the first and second parts, substantially perpendicular to a direction of sliding of the surfaces of the contact between them and facing a contact surface discovered by the sliding of the contact surfaces between them.
  • This additional protection element may be of electrically insulating material.
  • a second object of the invention consists of a circuit breaker comprising a main electrical circuit for the passage of electric current when the circuit breaker is in the closed position and a secondary electrical circuit intended for the function of breaking the current to place the circuit breaker in the open position, the circuit main electrical system comprising an electrical connection assembly equipped with a protection device against particles generated by an electric arc as defined above.
  • the invention finds a particularly interesting application in the field of circuit breakers which have a main circuit for the passage of the permanent current and a secondary circuit for the power failure.
  • the invention makes it possible to deal with the problem of switching between the main circuit and the secondary circuit.
  • the figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the protection device against particles generated by a switching electric arc according to the invention.
  • first electrically conductive part 31 in general, it is a contact finger
  • second electrically conductive part 32 in this figure, there are shown two elementary parts forming part of an electrical connection assembly: a first electrically conductive part 31 (in general, it is a contact finger) and a second electrically conductive part 32.
  • parts 31 and 32 can be made totally or partially or not at all with materials particularly resistant to electrical erosion.
  • the ends 33 and 34 of the parts 31 and 32 intended to be brought into contact are provided with a material particularly resistant to electrical erosion.
  • the opening of the main circuit is achieved by the relative movement of the part 32.
  • a switching arc s establishes as indicated on the figure 2 where the separation is shown by the arrow to the right of the figure.
  • the figure 2 also shows a protection device against the particles generated by the electric arc formed between the ends of the parts 31 and 32.
  • the protection device comprises three protection elements: the elements 43, 44 and 45.
  • the elements 43, 44 and 45 are arranged to trap the particles emitted by the switching arc as shown by the curved arrows on the figure 2 .
  • Element 44 is not always essential. It can be omitted if the circuit breaker configuration allows it.
  • the element 43 is a spark arrester, that is to say a screen that retains the emitted particles. This element can also perform the function of the corona shield and make it possible to improve the distribution of the electric field prevailing inside the circuit-breaker. In the case of use as a corona barrier, the element 43 must be metallic or metallized.
  • the elements 44 and 45 are very close to the parts 31 and 32 in relative movement and are, for this reason, made of electrically insulating material.
  • the elements 43 and 45 can be made in one piece if this piece is insulating material. This piece can be metallized on the side designated by crosses on the figure 2 , and the metallization can be put to the potential of the piece 31.
  • the protection device according to the invention makes it possible to prevent the particles generated by the electric arc from entering zone A, which is a highly dielectrically stressed zone.
  • the efficiency provided by the protection device according to the invention is optimal if the conductive part 32 (that is to say the conductive part which in this example is the moving part), or at least its end 34, remains under the element 45 until the extinction of the switching arc.
  • the elements 43, 44 and 45 are for example fixed to a fixed part of the circuit breaker by means available to those skilled in the art.
  • the elements 43, 44 and 45 of the protective device can be fixed to the upper part 3 of the housing 1 to provide protection against the particles generated by the electric arc during the separation between the fixed contact 6 and the movable contact 8 .
  • the contact surfaces of the first part 31 and the second part 32 are of cylindrical shape
  • the elements 43 and 44 are also of cylindrical shape and are located on either side of the fixed and movable contacts 6 and 8.
  • element 45 then has the shape of a ring.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUETECHNICAL AREA

L'invention se rapporte à un dispositif de protection contre les particules engendrées par un arc électrique de commutation. Un tel dispositif convient particulièrement aux appareillages électriques haute tension (HT) et moyenne tension (MT), notamment les disjoncteurs HT, les disjoncteurs MT et les disjoncteurs de générateurs.The invention relates to a device for protection against particles generated by a switching electric arc. Such a device is particularly suitable for high voltage (HV) and medium voltage (MV) electrical equipment, including HV circuit breakers, MV circuit breakers and generator circuit breakers.

ÉTAT DE LA TECHNIQUE ANTÉRIEURESTATE OF THE PRIOR ART

Dans la majorité des disjoncteurs, il existe un circuit électrique principal destiné au passage du courant électrique lorsque le disjoncteur est en position fermée et un circuit électrique secondaire destiné à la fonction coupure du courant lorsque l'on veut placer le disjoncteur en position ouverte.In the majority of circuit breakers, there is a main electrical circuit for the passage of electric current when the circuit breaker is in the closed position and a secondary electrical circuit for the function of breaking the current when it is desired to place the circuit breaker in the open position.

La figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur divulgué dans le document EP-A-0 982 748 (correspondant au brevet US 6 211478 ) et montrant un circuit électrique principal et un circuit électrique secondaire. Sur cette figure, on reconnaît un boîtier 1 de disjoncteur présentant un axe longitudinal 2, constitué d'une partie supérieure métallique 3, d'une partie inférieure métallique 4 et d'une partie centrale 5 en matériau électriquement isolant reliant les parties 3 et 4.The figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker disclosed in the document EP-A-0 982 748 (corresponding to the patent US 6 211478 ) and showing a main electrical circuit and a secondary electrical circuit. In this figure, there is a casing 1 circuit breaker having a longitudinal axis 2, consisting of a metal upper portion 3, a lower metal portion 4 and a central portion 5 of electrically insulating material connecting the parts 3 and 4 .

Le circuit électrique principal comprend les parties métalliques supérieure 3 et inférieure 4 et des éléments métalliques intermédiaires : le contact 6 fixé à la partie supérieure 3, le contact 7 solidaire de la partie inférieure 4 et le contact mobile 8 constitué d'une succession de doigts et qui peut être déplacé pour assurer la liaison entre les contacts fixes 6 et 7 (comme montré sur la partie de la figure à gauche de l'axe 2) ou pour ne pas assurer la liaison entre les contacts fixes 6 et 7 (comme montré sur la partie de la figure à droite de l'axe 2).The main electrical circuit comprises the upper and lower metal portions 3 and 4 and intermediate metal elements: the contact 6 fixed to the upper part 3, the contact 7 integral with the lower part 4 and the movable contact 8 consisting of a succession of fingers and which can be moved to connect the fixed contacts 6 and 7 (as shown in the figure to the left of the axis 2) or not to ensure the connection between the fixed contacts 6 and 7 (as shown in the figure to the right of the axis 2).

Le circuit électrique secondaire comprend une broche de contact 14 apte à être déplacée d'une position haute (voir la partie gauche de la figure) à une position basse (voir la partie droite de la figure) par l'intermédiaire d'un organe de commande. La broche de contact 14 coulisse selon l'axe longitudinal 2 en étant guidée par une glissière 13. En position haute, la broche de contact 14 est en liaison électrique avec la partie supérieure 3 du boîtier par l'intermédiaire de la cloison horizontale 9 de la partie 3 équipée en son centre du contact à tulipes 11. En position basse, la broche de contact 14 n'est plus en liaison électrique avec la partie supérieure 3 du boîtier 1.The secondary electric circuit comprises a contact pin 14 able to be moved from a high position (see the left-hand part of the figure) to a low position (see the right-hand part of the figure) by means of a ordered. The contact pin 14 slides along the longitudinal axis 2 while being guided by a slideway 13. In the up position, the contact pin 14 is in electrical connection with the upper part 3 of the housing via the horizontal partition 9 of FIG. the part 3 equipped in the center of the tulip contact 11. In the low position, the contact pin 14 is no longer in electrical connection with the upper part 3 of the housing 1.

La figure 1 montre aussi un agencement 10 pour l'arc de commutation dont le volume 18 est limité par la cloison 9, le contact à tulipes 11, la paroi circulaire 20 en matériau éclectiquement isolant, la cloison 15 solidaire de la partie 4 et équipée en son centre de la buse 12.The figure 1 also shows an arrangement 10 for the switching arc whose volume 18 is limited by the partition 9, the tulip contact 11, the circular wall 20 of eclectically insulating material, the partition 15 secured to the part 4 and equipped in its center of the nozzle 12.

La figure 1 montre encore une chambre d'arc 16, un arc électrique 17, une fente circulaire de souffle 19, des cylindres de souffle 21, des pistons de souffle 22, des canaux de souffle 23 et des clapets anti-retour 24.The figure 1 still shows an arc chamber 16, an electric arc 17, a circular blast slot 19, blast cylinders 21, blast pistons 22, blast channels 23 and check valves 24.

Durant l'opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur, les contacts principaux (le contact mobile 8 et les contacts fixes 6 et 7) se séparent d'abord et le courant électrique qui passait par ces contacts commute sur le circuit secondaire. Cette commutation donne naissance à un arc entre les contacts fixes et le contact mobile. Cet arc rejette des étincelles qui perturbent la tenue diélectrique de l'appareillage. Pour pallier cet inconvénient, le document EP-A-0 982 748 préconise l'utilisation de matériaux résistant à l'érosion électrique. Cependant, si la quantité d'étincelles alors émises est plus faible, elle reste malgré tout critique pour la tenue diélectrique de l'appareillage.During the opening operation of the circuit breaker, the main contacts (the movable contact 8 and the fixed contacts 6 and 7) separate first and the electric current that passed through these contacts switches on the secondary circuit. This switching gives rise to an arc between the fixed contacts and the moving contact. This arc rejects sparks that disturb the dielectric strength of the equipment. To overcome this drawback, the document EP-A-0 982 748 advocates the use of materials resistant to electrical erosion. However, if the amount of sparks then emitted is lower, it is still critical for the dielectric strength of the equipment.

Le document US3984651 décrit un dispositif selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The document US3984651 describes a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

EXPOSÉ DE L'INVENTIONSTATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

L'objet de la présente invention est de fournir un dispositif de protection permettant de limiter l'impact du phénomène d'arc électrique, de façon à augmenter la tenue diélectrique entrée/sortie de l'appareil, équipé de ce dispositif de protection en régime transitoire comme en régime permanent.The object of the present invention is to provide a protection device for limiting the impact of the electric arc phenomenon, so as to increase the dielectric withstand / output of the device, equipped with this protection device transient as steady state.

Un premier objet de l'invention consiste en dispositif de protection contre les particules engendrées par un arc électrique lorsqu'une première pièce électriquement conductrice et une deuxième pièce électriquement conductrice d'un ensemble de connexion électrique sont séparées l'une de l'autre, la première pièce électriquement conductrice et la deuxième pièce électriquement conductrice possédant chacune une surface de contact de forme cylindrique et la séparation de la première et de la deuxième pièce se faisant par glissement relatif de l'une des surfaces de contact sur l'autre surface de contact, le dispositif de protection comprenant un élément de protection disposé à proximité de l'endroit de la séparation de la première pièce et de la deuxième pièce et en regard de l'une des faces de contact pour faire écran auxdites particules, l'élément de protection étant de forme cylindrique et situé à l'extérieur des formes cylindriques de la première et de la deuxième pièce, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comprend un autre élément de protection de forme cylindrique situé à l'intérieur des formes cylindriques de la première et de la deuxième pièce.A first object of the invention consists of a protection device against particles generated by an electric arc when a first electrically conductive part and a second electrically conductive part of an electrical connection assembly are separated from each other, the first electrically conductive part and the second electrically conductive part each having a cylindrical contact surface and the separation of the first and second parts by relative sliding of one of the contact surfaces on the other surface of the contact, the protection device comprising a protection element disposed near the location of the separation of the first part and the second part and facing one of the contact faces to screen said particles, the element of protection being of cylindrical shape and located outside the cylindrical shapes of the first t of the second piece, characterized in that the device comprises another cylindrical protective element located inside the cylindrical shapes of the first and second part.

L'élément de protection ou l'autre élément de protection peuvent alors être métalliques ou métallisés.The protective element or the other protective element can then be metallic or metallized.

L'élément de protection ou l'autre élément de protection peuvent être en matériau électriquement isolant.The protective element or the other protective element may be of electrically insulating material.

Le dispositif de protection peut comprendre un élément de protection supplémentaire en forme d'anneau ou en secteur d'anneau, situé à l'intérieur des formes cylindriques de la première et de la deuxième pièce, sensiblement perpendiculairement à une direction de glissement des surfaces de contact entre elles et faisant face à une surface de contact découverte par le glissement des surfaces de contact entre elles. Cet élément de protection supplémentaire peut être en matériau électriquement isolant.The protective device may comprise an additional ring-shaped or ring-shaped protective element, located within the cylindrical shapes of the first and second parts, substantially perpendicular to a direction of sliding of the surfaces of the contact between them and facing a contact surface discovered by the sliding of the contact surfaces between them. This additional protection element may be of electrically insulating material.

Un deuxième objet de l'invention consiste en un disjoncteur comprenant un circuit électrique principal destiné au passage du courant électrique lorsque le disjoncteur est en position fermée et un circuit électrique secondaire destiné à la fonction coupure du courant pour placer le disjoncteur en position ouverte, le circuit électrique principal comprenant un ensemble de connexion électrique équipé d'un dispositif de protection contre les particules engendrées par un arc électrique tel que défini ci-dessus.A second object of the invention consists of a circuit breaker comprising a main electrical circuit for the passage of electric current when the circuit breaker is in the closed position and a secondary electrical circuit intended for the function of breaking the current to place the circuit breaker in the open position, the circuit main electrical system comprising an electrical connection assembly equipped with a protection device against particles generated by an electric arc as defined above.

BRÈVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages et particularités apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif, accompagnée des figures annexées parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur selon l'art connu,
  • la figure 2 est un schéma explicatif du fonctionnement du dispositif de protection contre les particules engendrées par un arc électrique de commutation selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages and particularities will appear on reading the following description, given by way of non-limiting example, accompanied by the appended figures among which:
  • the figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the prior art,
  • the figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the protection device against particles generated by a switching electric arc according to the invention.

EXPOSÉ DÉTAILLÉ DE MODES DE RÉALISATION PARTICULIERSDETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS

L'invention trouve une application particulièrement intéressante dans le domaine des disjoncteurs qui possèdent un circuit principal pour le passage du courant permanent et un circuit secondaire pour la coupure de courant. L'invention permet dans ce cas de traiter le problème de la commutation entre le circuit principal et le circuit secondaire.The invention finds a particularly interesting application in the field of circuit breakers which have a main circuit for the passage of the permanent current and a secondary circuit for the power failure. In this case, the invention makes it possible to deal with the problem of switching between the main circuit and the secondary circuit.

La figure 2 est un schéma explicatif du fonctionnement du dispositif de protection contre les particules engendrées par un arc électrique de commutation selon l'invention.The figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the protection device against particles generated by a switching electric arc according to the invention.

Sur cette figure, on a représenté deux pièces élémentaires faisant partie d'un ensemble de connexion électrique : une première pièce électriquement conductrice 31 (en général, il s'agit d'un doigt de contact) et une deuxième pièce électriquement conductrice 32. Les pièces 31 et 32 peuvent être réalisées totalement ou en partie ou pas du tout avec des matériaux particulièrement résistants à l'érosion électrique. Sur la figure 2, les extrémités 33 et 34 des pièces 31 et 32 destinées à être mises en contact sont pourvues d'un matériau particulièrement résistant à l'érosion électrique.In this figure, there are shown two elementary parts forming part of an electrical connection assembly: a first electrically conductive part 31 (in general, it is a contact finger) and a second electrically conductive part 32. parts 31 and 32 can be made totally or partially or not at all with materials particularly resistant to electrical erosion. On the figure 2 the ends 33 and 34 of the parts 31 and 32 intended to be brought into contact are provided with a material particularly resistant to electrical erosion.

Dans le cas d'un disjoncteur présentant un circuit électrique principal et un circuit électrique secondaire, l'ouverture du circuit principal est réalisée par le mouvement relatif de la pièce 32. Lors de la séparation des pièces 31 et 32, un arc de commutation s'établit comme indiqué sur la figure 2 où la séparation est figurée par la flèche située à droite de la figure.In the case of a circuit breaker having a main electrical circuit and a secondary electrical circuit, the opening of the main circuit is achieved by the relative movement of the part 32. During the separation of the parts 31 and 32, a switching arc s establishes as indicated on the figure 2 where the separation is shown by the arrow to the right of the figure.

La figure 2 montre également un dispositif de protection contre les particules engendrées par l'arc électrique formé entre les extrémités des pièces 31 et 32. Dans cet exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de protection comprend trois éléments de protection : les éléments 43, 44 et 45.The figure 2 also shows a protection device against the particles generated by the electric arc formed between the ends of the parts 31 and 32. In this embodiment, the protection device comprises three protection elements: the elements 43, 44 and 45.

Les éléments 43, 44 et 45 sont disposés de manière à piéger les particules émises par l'arc de commutation comme le montrent les flèches incurvées sur la figure 2.The elements 43, 44 and 45 are arranged to trap the particles emitted by the switching arc as shown by the curved arrows on the figure 2 .

L'élément 44 n'est pas toujours indispensable. Il peut être omis si la configuration du disjoncteur le permet.Element 44 is not always essential. It can be omitted if the circuit breaker configuration allows it.

L'élément 43 est un pare-étincelles, c'est-à-dire un écran qui retient les particules émises. Cet élément peut également assurer la fonction de pare-effluve et permettre d'améliorer la distribution du champ électrique régnant à l'intérieur du disjoncteur. Dans le cas d'une utilisation en tant que pare-effluve, l'élément 43 doit être métallique ou métallisé.The element 43 is a spark arrester, that is to say a screen that retains the emitted particles. This element can also perform the function of the corona shield and make it possible to improve the distribution of the electric field prevailing inside the circuit-breaker. In the case of use as a corona barrier, the element 43 must be metallic or metallized.

Les éléments 44 et 45 sont très proches des pièces 31 et 32 en mouvement relatif et sont, pour cette raison, réalisés en matériau électriquement isolant.The elements 44 and 45 are very close to the parts 31 and 32 in relative movement and are, for this reason, made of electrically insulating material.

Les éléments 43 et 45 peuvent être réalisés en une seule pièce si cette pièce est en matériau isolant. Cette pièce peut être métallisée sur le côté désigné par des croix sur la figure 2, et la métallisation peut être mise au potentiel de la pièce 31.The elements 43 and 45 can be made in one piece if this piece is insulating material. This piece can be metallized on the side designated by crosses on the figure 2 , and the metallization can be put to the potential of the piece 31.

Le dispositif de protection selon l'invention permet d'empêcher les particules engendrées par l'arc électrique de pénétrer dans la zone A qui est une zone très contrainte diélectriquement.The protection device according to the invention makes it possible to prevent the particles generated by the electric arc from entering zone A, which is a highly dielectrically stressed zone.

L'efficacité procurée par le dispositif de protection selon l'invention est optimale si la pièce conductrice 32 (c'est-à-dire la pièce conductrice qui dans cet exemple est la pièce mobile), ou du moins son extrémité 34, reste sous l'élément 45 jusqu'à l'extinction de l'arc de commutation.The efficiency provided by the protection device according to the invention is optimal if the conductive part 32 (that is to say the conductive part which in this example is the moving part), or at least its end 34, remains under the element 45 until the extinction of the switching arc.

Les éléments 43, 44 et 45 sont par exemple fixés à une partie fixe du disjoncteur par des moyens à la disposition de l'homme de métier. Dans le cas d'un disjoncteur du type représenté partiellement à la figure 1, les éléments 43, 44 et 45 du dispositif de protection peuvent être fixés à la partie supérieure 3 du boîtier 1 pour assurer une protection contre les particules engendrées par l'arc électrique lors de la séparation entre le contact fixe 6 et le contact mobile 8.The elements 43, 44 and 45 are for example fixed to a fixed part of the circuit breaker by means available to those skilled in the art. In the case of a circuit-breaker of the type represented partially in figure 1 , the elements 43, 44 and 45 of the protective device can be fixed to the upper part 3 of the housing 1 to provide protection against the particles generated by the electric arc during the separation between the fixed contact 6 and the movable contact 8 .

Si, comme pour le disjoncteur de la figure 1, les surfaces de contact de la première pièce 31 et de la deuxième pièce 32 sont de forme cylindrique, les éléments 43 et 44 sont également de forme cylindrique et sont situés de part et d'autre des contacts fixes 6 et mobile 8. L'élément 45 possède alors la forme d'un anneau.If, as for the circuit breaker figure 1 , the contact surfaces of the first part 31 and the second part 32 are of cylindrical shape, the elements 43 and 44 are also of cylindrical shape and are located on either side of the fixed and movable contacts 6 and 8. element 45 then has the shape of a ring.

Claims (6)

  1. A protection device for providing protection against the particles generated by an electric arc when a first electrically conductive part (31) and a second electrically conductive part (32) of an electrical connection unit are separated from each other, the first and the second electrically conductive parts each having a contact surface of cylindrical shape and separation of the first and second parts is performed by relative sliding of one of the contact surfaces on the other contact surface, the protection device including a protection element (43) disposed in the proximity of the place at which the first part (31) and the second part (32) separate and disposed facing one of the contact surfaces in order to form a shield against said particles, the protection element (43) being of cylindrical shape and located outside the cylindrical shapes of the first and second parts, characterized in that the device comprises an other protection element of cylindrical shape (44) located inside the cylindrical shapes of the first and the second parts.
  2. A protection device according to claim 1, wherein the protection element (43) or the other protection element (44) are made of metal or are metal-plated.
  3. A protection device according to claim 1, wherein the protection element (43) or the other protection element (44) are made of electrically insulating material.
  4. A protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, including a supplementary protection element (45) in the form of a ring or a ring sector, located inside the cylindrical shapes of the first and second parts, substantially perpendicular to a sliding direction of the contact surfaces relative to each other and facing a contact surface that is uncovered by the contact surfaces sliding relative to each other.
  5. A protection device according to claim 4, wherein the supplementary protection element (45) is made of electrically insulating material.
  6. A circuit breaker including a main electrical circuit intended for passing electric current when the circuit breaker is in the closed position and a secondary electrical circuit intended for interrupting current in order to place the circuit breaker in the open position, the main electrical circuit including an electrical connection unit fitted with a protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for providing protection against the particles generated by an electric arc.
EP12809822.5A 2011-12-21 2012-12-21 Device for protection against particles generated by an electric switching arc Active EP2795648B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1162190A FR2985081B1 (en) 2011-12-21 2011-12-21 DEVICE FOR PROTECTION AGAINST PARTICLES GENERATED BY AN ELECTRIC SWITCHING ARC
PCT/EP2012/076712 WO2013093033A1 (en) 2011-12-21 2012-12-21 Device for protection against particles generated by an electric switching arc

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2795648A1 EP2795648A1 (en) 2014-10-29
EP2795648B1 true EP2795648B1 (en) 2015-10-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12809822.5A Active EP2795648B1 (en) 2011-12-21 2012-12-21 Device for protection against particles generated by an electric switching arc

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US9269514B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2795648B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6174597B2 (en)
CN (1) CN104025234B (en)
FR (1) FR2985081B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2013093033A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2985081A1 (en) 2013-06-28
JP2015505143A (en) 2015-02-16
US9269514B2 (en) 2016-02-23
EP2795648A1 (en) 2014-10-29
WO2013093033A1 (en) 2013-06-27
FR2985081B1 (en) 2015-03-06
CN104025234B (en) 2016-08-24
US20150014279A1 (en) 2015-01-15
CN104025234A (en) 2014-09-03
JP6174597B2 (en) 2017-08-02

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