EP2795638B1 - Cooling radiator having liquid cooling - Google Patents

Description

1. Field of the invention

The invention relates to a Kühlradiator, in particular a Kühlradiator a boiler of a transformer active part, wherein the Kühlradiator with the heated by the active part cooling liquid by gravity from above via a collection or. Distributor tube, a so-called collector, down to a sub-distributor or collector, a so-called lower collector, flowing through cooling elements is formed, wherein the cooled liquid passes through the sub-manifold back into the transformer and wherein at least one Kühlradiator removed from or directly on Transformer or its boiler is arranged.

Cooling radiators of this type comprise in addition to the upper and the lower collector at least a sub-module of cooling elements, which are connected via respective individual manifolds to the upper and lower collector, wherein the sub-modules have tubes which are provided on their outer side with ribs.

2. State of the art

The cooling elements of transformers or other electrical equipment consist of flat, usually traversed by oil as a cooling liquid cooling elements or a corrugated metal sheet, as by the DE 10 2009 015 377 A known become. The cooling radiators consisting of a plurality of such assembled or arranged on / behind each other cooling elements are designed as a welded construction. To increase the service life, they are painted by expensive dives or hot-dip galvanized.

In contrast, the production is to be simplified at the same time gas or oil-tight connection of the cooling elements with the collectors and in particular the heat transfer and the heat transfer can be improved.

3. Object of the invention

It was therefore an object of the invention to provide a Kühlradiator available, on the one hand has a simple structure and on the other hand ensures increased heat transfer at the same outer dimensions of the Kühlradiators total. This object is achieved in the sense of the invention with a Kühlradiator, comprising the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims.

4. Summary of the invention

In the sense of the invention, the sub-modules are arranged perpendicularly and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the collectors, wherein the tubes of the sub-modules for air passage are arranged parallel to one another at a distance from one another. In this way, a Kühlradiator is created, which consists of several in a row successively and successively and with an air gap to each other, inserted into openings of the upper header and the sub collector, a particularly good air passage through the Kühlradiator total and allowed at the respective cooling elements.

Thus, all of the cooling elements of the cooling radiator preferably carry the heat transfer from the cooling medium flowing through the cooling radiator, preferably oil, into the ambient air flowing through the cooling radiator. As a result, a particularly high energy dissipation of up to 38.00 kW / h, preferably up to 39.80 kW / h with a Kühlradiator having a width of up to 540 mm, preferably up to 520 mm, and a height of up to 2 m, preferably up to 1.80 m causes. Preferred is a Kühlradiator with a height of 0.5 m up to 3.60 m. With optimized cross-sections of both the upper and the lower header and the tubes of the respective sub-modules, a flow rate of oil through the Kühlradiator of up to 2 700 kg / h, preferably up to 2 800 kg / h, can be achieved.

As has been confirmed by experiments, the liquid passing through the pipes from top to bottom with the best cooling effect, in particular oil, experiences the least resistance, if an optimized cross section of the elements of the cooling radiator is maintained. Since only minimal resistance occurs, the system can operate in free convection; no pumps are required.

The Kühlradiator thus exists as a compact complete unit, which consists of many desired, spaced apart, connected via the individual distribution pipes to the collector submodules. The complete Kühlradiator or its sub-modules can be completely flowed around in both the transverse and in the longitudinal direction of the ambient air, possibly supported by fans / fans. The cooling or heat removal / heat transfer is thereby kept very efficient.

A preferred proposal provides that the tubes and also the collector, preferably the upper and the lower collector, as well as the individual distribution pipes consist of a processable by extrusion material or material, such as in particular aluminum or aluminum alloys, magnesium or the like for extruding suitable light metals. On the one hand, these materials have good heat transfer properties and, on the other hand, are resistant to corrosion by forming oxide layers, so that coating or similar coating or surface treatment can be dispensed with, and moreover can be easily produced, namely preferably by extrusion with the desired, arbitrary geometry.

The openings required for the connection of the individual components of the cooling radiator are preferably produced precisely by milling or laser machining, so that exact joints for microfluidization can be achieved by preferably laser welding with gas or oil-tight connection.

It is preferred if each sub-module comprises up to 12, preferably up to 10 tubes. In this way, a cooling radiator is provided, the effective surface of which can be adapted to the required properties of the cooling radiator by means of particularly simple means and, if appropriate, can be completely adapted to be flowed around by the ambient air.

It is also preferred in this context if the tubes of the respective sub-modules have a flattened, preferably rectangular cross-section, in particular a rectangular cross-section with rounded corners. It is particularly preferred if such tubes have at least one inner web, preferably two inner webs. The width of the tubes is preferably up to 130 mm, preferably up to 120 mm. In particular, it is preferred if the distance of the tubes from one another per sub-module is up to 30 mm, preferably up to 27 mm. As a result, a Kühlradiator is created on the one hand allows a sufficient flow of cooling media such as oil through the tubes of each sub-module and on the other hand provides tubes with sufficient dimensional stability. Finally, by choosing the preferred distance an optimal air passage through the Kühlradiator effected overall between the tubes, whereby the cooling performance can be optimized.

It is furthermore preferred if the ribs provided on the outside of the tubes are longitudinal ribs which preferably extend over the entire length of the tubes, thus substantially over the entire length of the cooling radiator as a whole. It is particularly preferred if up to 15, most preferably up to 12, longitudinal ribs per tube are provided. In this context, it is particularly preferred if the longitudinal ribs have a height, thus an extent from the outside of the tube to the outside, of up to 15 mm, preferably up to 12 mm. The distance between the longitudinal ribs to each other should be up to 25 mm, preferably up to 20 mm, to thereby ensure not only an effective surface for the Kühlradiator with a large heat radiation, but at the same time the transition of heat from the cooling medium in the cooling radiator around and to optimize the flow of ambient air.

It is preferred in a further embodiment of the invention, if up to 10, preferably up to 8, submodules are provided in Kühlradiator. These sub-modules, which are connected to each other via an upper and a lower single distribution pipe, thus offer a particularly large effective area with a compact design of Kühlradiators.

In this context, it is also preferred if at least the upper collector, preferably also the lower collector, has a rectangular cross-section, preferably with a dimension of 20 × 80 mm cross-sectional area. Moreover, it is highly preferred if at least the upper header, preferably both the upper and the lower header, are arranged at one end of the individual distribution pipes and thus do not hinder the air flow flowing along, in particular, from bottom to top through the cooling modules along the submodules. Only by the arrangement of the upper collector away from the middle of the individual manifolds on the end towards could be achieved by 38% improved air access to the Kühlradiator and air leakage from the Kühlradiator.

A preferred embodiment provides a prefabricated construction of the Kühlradiators, in which the upper and lower collectors are arranged in a longitudinal extension and seen over their length at a distance lying behind each other have any number of openings, in oval tubes as a cooling element according to form-fitting, transverse to Longitudinal slotted holes provided. The cooling elements are a sub-module in openings of connected to the upper and lower collector manifolds, these have as advantageous and the collector a rectangular or square format inserted. The existing from the upper and lower manifolds with the inserted cooling elements sub-modules are connected with their individual distribution pipes transversely to the collectors and connected with one of their openings in fluid communication with an opening of the collector standing oil-tight with the collectors, preferably laser welded, in such a way that the collectors bridge the sub-modules arranged transversely thereto, either centrally or preferably offset to the side and towards the ends of the individual distribution pipes.

5. Brief description of the figures

Figur 1

eine Vorderansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlradiators,

Figur 2

eine Stirnansicht des Kühlradiators aus Figur 1,

Figur 3

eine Ansicht von oben auf den Kühlradiator aus den Figuren 1 und 2,

Figur 4

ein Einzelverteilerrohr für einen erfindungsgemäßen Kühlradiator,

Figur 5

einen Abschnitt eines Sammlers eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlradiators,

Figur 6

einen Querschnitt durch ein Rohr eines Teilmoduls in einer ersten Ausführungsform,

Figur 7

einen Querschnitt durch ein Rohr eines Teilmoduls in einer zweiten Ausführungsform und

Figur 8

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlradiators in einer Ansicht von oben nach unten.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to eight figures, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. In the figures show

FIG. 1

a front view of a Kühlradiators invention,

FIG. 2

an end view of the Kühlradiators off FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3

a top view of the Kühlradiator from the Figures 1 and 2 .

FIG. 4

a single manifold for a Kühlradiator invention,

FIG. 5

a section of a collector of a Kühlradiators invention,

FIG. 6

a cross section through a tube of a sub-module in a first embodiment,

FIG. 7

a cross-section through a tube of a sub-module in a second embodiment and

FIG. 8

a perspective view of a Kühlradiators invention in a top-down view.

Detailed description of the figures

FIG. 1 shows a front view of a completely prefabricated, prepared for installation or removal on a transformer Kühlradiator 1. The Kühlradiator 1 comprises an upper manifold 2 and a lower manifold 3, which are connected via respective flanges 2a, 3a with the transformer (not shown) can to form a closed oil circuit with the transformer can. Between the upper header 2 and the lower header 3, a plurality of sub-modules 4 are connected, each extending perpendicularly and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the manifolds 2, 3 in the plane of the drawing. The sub-modules 4 are in turn assigned to individual distribution pipes 5, the liquid-tight with the manifolds 2, 3 and the tubes of the sub-modules 4 are connected, so as to ensure the passage of the cooling medium such as oil through the entire Kühlradiator 1 therethrough. Finally, sensors 20, 21 are connected to the upper header 2 and the lower header 3, respectively, to receive both the passage amount and the entrance and exit temperature of the cooling medium through the cooling radiator 1.

FIG. 2 shows the Kühlradiator 1 from FIG. 1 seen in a side view from the right and thus gives the front or first sub-module 4 to recognize. Many of these successive sub-modules 4 arranged in air, connected to the upper header 2 and the lower header 3, form the cooling radiator (1) FIG. 1 , From the synopsis of Figures 1 and 2 can be seen that the Kühlradiator 1 and its sub-modules 4 and in the embodiment executed as an oval tubes 6 elements (see FIG. 6 ) can be completely surrounded by the ambient air. The towards the top arrow of the FIG. 1 The heated coolant (oil) flowing in from the consumer is thereby cooled particularly effectively on its way down. There, the coolant returns in the direction of the lower arrow back to the consumer (boiler, active part of the transformer). The Kühlradiator 1 can be connected to the consumer, possibly with the interposition of pipes, via flanges 2a, 3a of the collector 2, 3.

FIG. 3 shows the Kühlradiator 1 from the Figures 1 and 2 in a view from above. The sub-modules 4 with the inserted into the individual manifolds 5 cooling elements are arranged transversely and perpendicular to the upper collector 2 and are bridged by the collector 2 in the middle of the sub-modules 4 lying. In this case, the submodules 4 each consist of five tubes 6 with a substantially rectangular cross section connected via a common single distribution tube 5. In turn, a distance 22 for the passage of cooling air through the respective sub-modules 4 is provided between the tubes 6.

FIG. 4 shows as a single unit a single distribution pipe 5 seen from its openings 23 having side. About the openings 23 is a liquid and gas-tight connection of the individual manifold 5 with (not shown) tubes for the passage of the cooling medium.

FIG. 5 shows as a single unit a collector 2 seen from the openings 24 side having seen. About the openings 24, the connection and gas- or liquid-tight welding of the upper header 2 (not shown) with individual manifolds. 5 takes place.

FIG. 6 shows a cross section through a tube 6 having a substantially rectangular cross-section and rounded corners. On the outside of the tube 6, but at least on the longitudinal sides of the tube 6, equidistantly arranged longitudinal ribs 7 are arranged over which the effective surface of the tube 6, thus the contact surface of the tube 6 with the surrounding air around the pipe 6, is significantly increased. To stabilize the tube 6, an inner web 8 is also provided within the tube 6.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of a pipe 6 according to the invention as part of a submodule of a Kühlradators invention. The tube 6 in turn has a substantially rectangular cross section with rounded corners, wherein on each longitudinal side of the tube 6 cooling fins 7 are arranged at the same distance from each other. The height of the ribs 7, thus their extent from the outside of the tube 6 to the outside, is the same over the entire circumference of the tube 6, to thereby provide consistent heat transfer conditions over the pipe 6 away. To stabilize the tube 6 and to divide its cross section in three substantially equal chambers, inner webs 8a, 8b are provided, which extend over the entire length of the tube 6.

FIG. 8 Finally, an overall perspective view of a cooling radiator 1 according to the invention in a view from top to bottom. The Kühlradiator 1 has an upper manifold 2 and a lower manifold 3, with which eight individual manifolds 5 are connected. These individual distribution pipes 5 in turn are connected to seven pipes 6, over the entire length of which longitudinal ribs 7 extend. In order to ensure the passage of air through the Kühlradiator 1 substantially unhindered, both the upper header 2 and the lower header 3 from the central arrangement of the individual distribution pipes 5 (see. Fig. 3 ) arranged offset to the end regions of the individual distribution pipes 5.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

cooling radiator

2

Top collector

2a

flange

3

Lower collector

3a

flange

4

sub-module

5

Single manifold

6

pipe

7

longitudinal ribs

8th

inner web

20

probe

21

probe

22

Distance between pipes

23

Opening in the individual distribution pipe

24

Opening in the collector

Claims (17)

1. A cooling radiator (1), comprising an upper (2) and a lower collector (3) and at least one sub-module (4) comprising cooling elements, which are connected by respective individual distributor pipes (5) to the upper (2) and the lower collector (3), wherein the sub-modules (4) comprise pipes (6), which are each provided at the external side with ribs (7),
   characterised in that
   the sub-modules (4) are disposed vertically and normal to the longitudinal direction of the collectors (2, 3) and that the pipes (6) of the sub-modules (4) are disposed in parallel with one another with a spacing (22) for the passage of air.
2. The cooling radiator (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that at least the pipes (6) of the sub-modules (4) are made of aluminium or an aluminium alloy.
3. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each sub-module (4) comprises up to 12, preferably up to 10 pipes (6).
4. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pipes (6) of the sub-modules (4) have a flattened, preferably rectangular cross-section, in particular with rounded corners.
5. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pipes (6) comprise at least one inner web (8), preferably two inner webs (8).
6. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the width of the pipes (6) amounts to up to 130 mm, preferably up to 120 mm.
7. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the spacing of the pipes (6) for each sub-module (4) amounts to up to 30 mm, preferably up to 27 mm.
8. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pipes (6) comprise longitudinal ribs (7), preferably up to 15, particularly preferably up to 12 longitudinal ribs (7).
9. The cooling radiator (1) according to claim 8, characterised in that the longitudinal ribs (7) have a height of up to 15 mm, preferably up to 12 mm.
10. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterised in that the spacing of the longitudinal ribs (7) from one another amounts to up to 25 mm, preferably up to 20 mm.
11. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that up to 10, preferably up to 8 sub-modules (4), are provided in the cooling radiator (1).
12. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the width of the cooling radiator (1) amounts to up to 540 mm, preferably up to 520 mm.
13. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the height of the cooling radiator (1) amounts to from 0.5 m up to 3.60 m, preferably up to 2.00 m.
14. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the throughflow quantity of oil through the cooling radiator (1) amounts to up to 2700 kg/h, preferably up to 2800 kg/h.
15. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the energy dissipation through the cooling radiator (1) amounts to up to 38.00 kW/h, preferably up to 39.80 kW/h.
16. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least the upper collector (2) has a rectangular cross-section, preferably with a size of 20 x 80 mm.
17. The cooling radiator (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least the upper collector (2), preferably both the upper and the lower collector (3), are disposed at one end of the individual distributor pipes (5).

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