EP0819907B1 - Plate heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The exchanger (1) comprises individual heat exchanger plates stacked one in another and soldered to form a packet. Through this pass vertical connections for inflow and outflow channels (3) for a heating or cooling medium (A), and flow channels (4,5,6) for other media (B,C,D). From the flow channels, the heating or cooling medium and the other media diffuse into separated horizontal channels. The plate heat exchanger next to the flow channels for the heating and cooling medium has at least three further separated flow channels for the other media. The media can be fed in and/or out from opposite sides (19,20) of the plate heat exchanger. In the flow channels for the heat-exchanger medium (B) a separating component (7) is arranged for the separation of the second heat-exchanging medium (C), which can be fed in and out from the opposite side (20) of the plate heat exchanger.

Description

The invention relates to a plate heat exchanger for heat-exchanging media in separate Circuits, consisting of stacked and soldered individual heat exchanger plates, the form a package that is vertical of connections for the inlet and outlet flow channels for the heating or cooling medium and is interspersed with flow channels for other media, which are mutually exclusive are separated and from which the heating or cooling medium and the others Spread media in separate horizontal channels, which preferably alternate.

A plate heat exchanger of this type is known, for example, from WO 94/29659, IPC F28D 9/00, known. With this plate heat exchanger there are only two separate circuits, one for water and one intended for oil. The adapter element is connected to a mounting plate. By means of the Adapter element, which has a connecting channel, the oil by appropriate positioning and / or the design of the adapter element can be routed to any location. The Adapter element can also accommodate a pressure relief valve, which with a corresponding differential pressure of the oil connects the upstream side to the downstream side. The adapter element of the described Plate heat exchanger consists of a thick plate in which the connection channel is incorporated. This is disadvantageous in terms of weight and cost for the plate heat exchanger. Furthermore, the plate heat exchanger unsuitable for more than two media involved in heat exchange. There is a Range of use cases where there are three or even four separate circuits, their media, such as retarder oil, hydraulic oil and gear oil, require cooling. To the heat exchanger described is not suitable or intended. Often in such In cases where several individual heat exchangers are designed and installed. In addition to higher costs also the disadvantage that a larger space is required.

But you also have three separate circuits for three different liquids in integrated into a heat exchanger. Such an example is the applicant by WO 95/35474 known. In a particularly preferred embodiment of this heat exchanger advantageously requires only two differently shaped heat exchanger plates, which, in certain Stacked one inside the other, form three separate flow channels. However, the heat exchanger plates can be arranged rotated by 180 °, causing manufacturing errors can be. Furthermore, all heat exchanger plates have a total of six openings for the Passage of the fluids on. Through this multitude of connection points, for example through When soldering is made, the risk of leaks increases, which is the total failure of the heat exchanger can cause.

Figures 12 to 16 of GB-A-2 052 722 show a liquid-liquid plate heat exchanger and described, with which also three different liquids, water, gear oil and engine oil, can be subjected to heat exchange. 17 to 20 occurs fourth heat exchange medium is added, which is cooling air through a part of the heat exchanger flows. The cooling air is not a medium that circulates through the plate heat exchanger becomes. Therefore, there are no flow channels for the cooling air that break through the heat exchanger plates intended. 21 shows a further exemplary embodiment, in which a total of five Media are involved in heat exchange. One of them is the cooling air again. The one shown there and The plate heat exchanger described has a separating plate approximately in the middle, so that the flow channels not the entire stack of heat exchanger plates for the liquid cooling or heating medium break through. In the upper and lower part of the heat exchanger there are two liquid ones Media in heat exchange, the cooling air through sections of both heat exchanger parts flows. The separating plate dividing the entire heat exchanger, which is usually quite stable, leads to higher weight and higher costs.

Starting from the described prior art, the object of the invention is that Plate heat exchanger from the generic term so that it can be divided into two parts without are suitable for heat exchange between more than three circulating media and requires a smaller total number of openings in the heat exchanger plates, which makes manufacturing technology advantages and improve reliability.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the features contained in the claims. The plate heat exchanger then has, in addition to the flow channels for the cooling or heating medium three further separate flow channels for other media. The separation of the flow channels takes place in that in the flow channels for the first heat-exchanging Medium a partition, which is preferably designed as a partition, is used is soldered and completely blocks these flow channels. This is a section of the plate heat exchanger for a second heat exchange medium, which is from the other side of the Plate heat exchanger can be supplied and removed. Another section for a third heat exchanging Medium which can be supplied and removed from the same side as the first heat-exchanging medium is, has been separated from the flow channels in that on the latter side of the Plate heat exchanger, an adapter element is arranged, consisting of a smaller Diameter as the flow channel having flow element, which in the flow channels is used and that with its end located in the flow channel with a further separating element, preferably an annular disc, is connected such that the separating element with the outer edge between the heat exchanger plates and with the inner edge on the flow element, preferably a pipe-like part, is sealingly attached. The flow channel for that third heat-exchanging medium is therefore due to the smaller diameter of the tubular Flow element that used in the flow channel for the first heat exchanging medium is formed between these two parts, which are arranged coaxially to one another. Further is the flow channel via the side connection channel of the adapter element with the inlet or outlet Outlet connected to the third heat exchange medium.

The size of the individual sections of the heat exchanger for the heat exchanging media will by positioning the various separators in connection with the formation of the Flow element, in particular determines its length protruding into the flow channel, the is carried out as required for the respective application with regard to the desired cooling capacity, etc. is.

The flow channels for the cooling or heating medium penetrate the entire heat exchanger and are in fluidic connection with the horizontal channels, which are in contact with the horizontal Alternate channels for the other media.

The supply or discharge of the cooling or heating medium is from one side as well as from the other side of the plate heat exchanger possible. Again, the decision for one or the other the other variant depends on the operating conditions. For this are on the plate heat exchanger make no changes themselves, except that the connecting flanges and the other Closing plates blocking the flow channel side can be exchanged.

Although the plate heat exchanger according to the invention for the total heat exchange at least four media is suitable, only four openings are required in the heat exchanger plates, whereby the number of connection points causing leaks compared to the status of the Technology has been significantly reduced. Furthermore, there are essentially only two types of heat exchanger plates necessary.

The plate heat exchanger according to the invention is also characterized by its compact size Construction and its versatile use wherever cooling or heat exchange of several media to be kept separately in a confined space.

For further features essential to the invention, reference is made to the claims, all as expressly mentioned at this point and refer to the following description of Embodiments. For this purpose, reference is made to the drawings.

Fig.: 1

Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Plattenwärmetauscher nach 1 - 1 in Fig.2

Fig.: 2

Draufsicht auf die obere Deckplatte von Fig. 1 oder Fig. 6

Fig.: 3

Draufsicht auf die untere Deckplatte von Fig.1

Fig.: 4

eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform von Fig.1

Fig.: 5

Draufsicht auf die untere Deckplatte von Fig.4

Fig.: 6

eine andere Variante mit insgesamt fünf getrennten Strömungskanälen

Show it:

Fig .: 1

Cross section through a plate heat exchanger according to the invention according to 1 - 1 in Fig.2

Fig .: 2

Top view of the upper cover plate of FIG. 1 or 6

Fig .: 3

Top view of the lower cover plate of Fig.1

Fig .: 4

a modified embodiment of Fig.1

Fig .: 5

Top view of the lower cover plate of Fig.4

Fig .: 6

another variant with a total of five separate flow channels

In the exemplary embodiment, a retarder oil-water heat exchanger is shown. It should be sent ahead are that Fig. 1 is not a scale section through Fig. 2. Like the comparison of these two figures to the person skilled in the art is the middle part of the plate heat exchanger 1 in FIG. 2 shown approximately to scale. The middle part was shown in Fig. 1 very shortened to the essential Highlight parts.

The plate heat exchanger 1 of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 consists of 26 stacked one inside the other Heat exchanger plates 2a; 2b, which are identical in their outer dimensions. Both forms of heat exchanger plates 2a: 2b have only four openings 29, around which the flow channels 3 forming openings 29 for the cooling or heating medium A, in this case cooling water, one each Collar 30 is formed. that on the heat exchanger plate 2a upwards and on the heat exchanger plate 2b is directed downwards. so that the collar 30 form a suitable soldering edge. The heat exchanger plates 2a; 2b otherwise differ in that the other two. the flow channels 4 forming openings 29. on the heat exchanger plate 2a do not have a collar, while an erected collar 30 is arranged on the heat exchanger plate 2b. It is also on point out. that the horizontal channels 25 for the cooling water supporting knobs 26 of the heat exchanger plate 2a downward and in the heat exchanger plate 2b directed upward are. Such a design of the heat exchanger plates 2a; 2b allows assembly of the heat exchanger plates 2a; 2b into a package without having to rotate them through 180 °, thereby Manufacturing errors can be restricted. Between the heat exchanger plates 2a, 2b are placed around the flow channel 4 ring disks 28, the heat exchanger plates Support 2a; 2b and which are suitable for liquid-tight soldering.

It should be mentioned at this point that the connection of the heat exchanger plates is very good 2a; 2b around the flow channel 3, likewise with inserted annular disks 28, as for the flow channel 4 could be carried out without departing from the main ideas of the invention. The same thing applies if you have the flow channel 4 as the flow channel 3 in the peripheral connection area want to train.

The flow channel 4 serves the medium B, in this case retarder oil. The cutting disc 17 in the flow channel 4 is in the embodiment between the fourth and fifth heat exchanger plate 2a; 2b, counted from below. This cutting disc 17 separates one from the flow channel 4 lower flow channel 5, which is provided for the medium C, in this case gear oil. Each depending on local conditions, the lower inlet and outlet 21; 22 an adapter part 37 is provided in order to be able to position the connections 33 at the locations that are desired. The Fig. 1 shows only the inlet 21 for the medium C.

The adapter 8 in the upper area of the plate heat exchanger 1, FIG. 1, serves to separate one another flow channel 6 for another heat-exchanging medium D, in this case Hydraulic oil. For this purpose, the adapter 8 has a pipe section as a flow element 9 with a smaller diameter 10 as the flow channel 4, which is used in the same and in the flow channel 4 located end 11 has an annular disc 13 as a further separating element 12. The washer 13 is soldered to the inner edge 15 at the end 11 of the pipe section and to the outer edge 14 between the heat exchanger plates 2a; 2b also tightly and tightly integrated. The one from the flow channel 4 thus separated flow channel 6 forms above the ring disk 13 and around the pipe section around and is of course separated with the horizontal channels 24 of this Area 18 connected. The supply and discharge of the heat-exchanging medium D, in in this case hydraulic oil, is carried out above, via a side channel and via one in the connecting flange 33 integrated separate connection.

In the oil-side horizontal channels 24 there are fins 27 to improve the heat transfer arranged.

The upper and lower end of the plate heat exchanger 1 is each a slightly thicker cover plate 31 formed, which has a plurality of openings 32 into which the knobs 26 each top or bottom heat exchanger plate 2a; Protrude 2b. (Fig.2; 3;) The embodiment 1 and 3 shows a variant in which a connection adapter also on the lower cover plate 31 37 is arranged, which makes the plate heat exchanger better on installation-side constraints is to be adjusted. In comparison, FIG. 4 explained below shows a variant without a connection adapter 37.

Fig. 2 also shows the inlet 21 and the outlet 22 for the cooling water, medium A, and for the Media B and D. The inlets and outlets 21, 22 with the connecting flanges 33 are here in the corner areas the plate heat exchanger 1 arranged. The connecting flanges 33 have threaded holes on, for attachment to connecting flanges, not shown, of media-carrying lines or the like. The flow channels 3 for the cooling water and the flow channels 4 can also be seen for the retarder oil and the flow channels 6 for the hydraulic oil. The latter two flow channels 4 and 6 are separated from one another by means of adapter element 8. The flow channel 6 is arranged laterally next to the flow channel 4, the one entering or exiting the flow channel 6 Hydraulic oil via a channel 39 incorporated in the adapter element 8 from the outside to the Flow element 9 arrives and because of the smaller diameter 10 than that of the flow channel 4, the hydraulic oil passes through the existing annular gap into the assigned horizontal Channels 24. The main part is found in the alternating horizontal channels 24 and 25 at the heat exchange instead.

The plate heat exchanger 1 assembled as described is completely brought into the soldering furnace and soldered at all junctions.

After the soldering process, the connecting flanges 33 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are also those with the adapter element 8 on the surface face-milled if necessary, in order to achieve an optimum To ensure sealing. This is also served by the sealing flanges in the connecting flanges 33 34 inserted O-rings 35.

In particular in contrast to FIGS. 1 and 3, FIGS. 4 and 5 show a variant in which the side 20 of the plate heat exchanger 1 opposite the adapter elements 8 is not a connection adapter 37 is arranged. For this purpose, the inlets and outlets 21, 22 are directly with connecting flanges 33 equipped. This variant is less expensive where the installation conditions are such a design allow.

Finally, FIG. 6 shows yet another variant, with the plate heat exchanger on both sides 19; 20 1 arranged adapter elements 8. This variant opens up the possibility, in addition to the Flow channels 3 for the heating or cooling medium A further four media B; C; D; E within the to carry a plate heat exchanger 1 in separate channels, or a heat exchange to subjugate. Here, the cutting disc 17 is advantageously further in the Middle of the one flow channel in order to have sufficient heat exchange surface for all media B; C: D; E To make available. In practice, the size of the sections 16; 18; 23; 41 according to the concrete Straighten operating conditions. Media B and D are from one side 19 of the plate heat exchanger 1 fed and discharged and media C and E from the opposite side 20. For the better Recognizable here was the medium B with one arrow head, E with two arrow heads, D with three and C drawn with four arrowheads.

This Figure 6 in particular shows that the compactness improves and the versatility of use plate heat exchangers 1 has been significantly expanded.

List of the reference symbols used

A

Heating or cooling medium (water)

B

first medium (retarder oil)

c

second medium (gear oil)

D

third medium (hydraulic oil)

1

Plate heat exchanger

2a

Heat exchanger plate (collar up)

2 B

Heat exchanger plate (collar down)

3rd

Flow channels for heating or cooling medium (A)

4th

Flow channel for medium B

5

Flow channel for medium C

6

Flow channel for medium D

7

first separating element

8th

Adapter element

9

Flow element

10th

Diameter of 9

11

one side of the flow element 9

12th

second separating element

13

Washer for 12

14

outer margin of 12

15

inner margin of 12

16

Section for Medium B

17th

Cutting disc as a separating element 7

18th

Section for Medium D

19th

one side of the PWT 1

20th

other side of the PHE 1

21

Inlets

22

Outlets

23

Section for Medium C

24th

horizontal channels for B; C; D

25th

horizontal channels for A

26

Pimples

27

Slats

28

Washers

29

Openings in heat exchanger plates

30th

Collar at openings

31

Cover plates

32

Openings in cover plate for knobs 26

33

Connecting flanges

34

Sealing grooves

35

O-rings

36

Edge of the cutting wheel 17

37

second connection adapter

38

Channels in adapter 37

39

Channels in the adapter element 8

40

Locking disc

41

Section for Medium E

Claims (13)

1. Plate-type heat exchanger for heat-exchanging mediums in separate circuits, comprising individual heat-exchanger plates stacked up in one another and brazed, forming a pile that is penetrated vertically by connections for flow channels having inlet and outlet for the heating or cooling medium and of flow channels for other mediums that are separate from each other and from which the heating or cooling medium and the other mediums spread in separate horizontal channels which preferably alternate,
   characterized in that
   the plate-type heat exchanger (1) has at least three additional flow channels (4; 5; 6) separate from each other for other mediums (B; C; D or B; C; D; E) besides the flow channels (3) for the heating or cooling medium (A), and a partition wall (7) is positioned in the flow channels (4) for the second medium (B) which partitions a flow channel (6) for the third medium (C ) and adapter elements (8) are provided, whose flow element (9) has a smaller diameter than the flow channel (4), projects into the same and has a partition element (12) that partitions a further flow channel (6) for the fourth medium (D) which leads to its inlet and/or outlet (21;22) via a connection channel (39).
2. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the partition element (12) is positioned at the end (11) of the flow element (9) which projects into the flow channel (4).
3. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the adapter elements (8) are positioned at one side (19) of the plate-type heat exchanger (1).
4. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the adapter elements (8) are positioned at both sides (19; 20) of the plate-type heat exchanger (1) and two heat-exchanging mediums (B; D) can be fed and/or led off from one side (19) and two further heat-exchanging mediums (C; E) from the other side (20).
5. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in one of the above claims, characterized in that the partition wall (7) is preferably a partition disk (17) which is placed with its margin (36) at the spot provided for the separation of the mediums between two heat-exchanger plates (2a;2b) in the flow channels (4) in such a way that sufficiently big sections (23) of the plate-type heat exchanger (1) for the individual mediums (B;C;D or B;C;D;E) are partitioned from each other.
6. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in one of the above claims, characterized in that the partition element (12) is preferably an annular disk (13) which is positioned with its outer margin (14) between two heat-exchanger plates (2a;2b), especially brazed in, and connected at its inner margin (15) to the flow element (9) of the adapter element (8).
7. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in one of the above claims, characterized in that the flow elements (9) of the adapter elements (8) are preferably formed cylindrically and inserted and attached so deep in the flow channels (4) that sufficiently big sections (16; 18; 23; 41) of the plate-type heat exchanger (1) are partitioned from each other for the individual mediums (B; C; D or B; C; D; E).
8. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3 or 5 to 7, characterized in that connecting adapters (37) with channels (38), which are formed as deep-drawn formed parts of sheet metal, for the feeding and/or leading off of the medium (C ), are positioned at the inlets and outlets (21;22) at the side (20) of the plate-type heat exchanger (1) opposite the adapter element (8) and are sealingly brazed onto the cover plate (31).
9. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that connecting flanges (33) are positioned directly at the inlets and outlets (21;22).
10. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in one of the above claims, characterized in that the flow channels (3) for the cooling or heating medium (A) penetrate the entire stack of heat exchanger plates (2a;2b) and the cooling or heating medium (A) spreads in the sections (16; 18; 23; 41) on alternating levels with the channels (24) for the mediums (B; C; D or B; C; D; E) in the channels (25).
11. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in one of the above claims, characterized in that the heat-exchanger plates (2a;2b) have stamped-in knob-type projections (26) in direction of the cooling- or heating-medium side which touch after the stacking of the heat-exchanger pile and are brazed up there in order to improve both stability and heat transfer.
12. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in one of the above claims, characterized in that fins (27) are inserted between the heat-exchanger plates (2a;2b) in the even channels (24) for the mediums (B; C; D or B; C; D; E), that are also brazed on.
13. Plate-type heat exchanger as claimed in one of the above claims, characterized in that annular disks (28) are inserted between the heat-exchanger plates (2a;2b), in the area around the flow channels (4) where there is neither a partition wall (7) nor a partition element (12) which serve the stability and the brazed joint.

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