EP2792437B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un tube d'évaporateur - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un tube d'évaporateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2792437B1
EP2792437B1 EP14157192.7A EP14157192A EP2792437B1 EP 2792437 B1 EP2792437 B1 EP 2792437B1 EP 14157192 A EP14157192 A EP 14157192A EP 2792437 B1 EP2792437 B1 EP 2792437B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
producing
evaporator tube
inner tube
lateral surface
sintering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14157192.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2792437A1 (fr
Inventor
Felix Rubitschek
Tobias Düpmeier
Benjamin Reul
Dimitra Grewe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH filed Critical Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Publication of EP2792437A1 publication Critical patent/EP2792437A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2792437B1 publication Critical patent/EP2792437B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F2003/1042—Sintering only with support for articles to be sintered

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing an evaporator tube according to the features in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a manufacturing method for a heat pipe in which an inner tool with wires is inserted into an outer tube, the outer tube filled with sintered material, the arrangement is sintered and after completion of the sintering process, the tools are pulled out of the tube, so that cavities are formed.
  • the object of the present invention is to demonstrate a production method for an evaporator tube that is considerably simpler and at the same time less expensive to carry out than the production method known from the prior art, wherein the evaporator tube produced thereby has improved heat transfer properties.
  • a placeholder material is used which melts at the occurring sintering temperatures and flows out of the channel system or evaporates. There, where the placeholder material was arranged, thus creating a channel system on the outer circumferential surface of the inner tube.
  • the outer shape is preferably a jacket tube.
  • the outer shape may also be formed as a wire mesh.
  • the jacket tube may be circular or elliptical in cross-section. In the longitudinal direction, the jacket tube can also be conical.
  • a capillary structure is generated due to a porosity of the sintered material, so that the second medium flows through the resulting channels through the second channel and from the first channel via the inner tube, a heat flow is introduced from the first medium into the second medium.
  • the second medium evaporates such that the resulting vapor is removed via steam channels.
  • the steam is then converted to a condenser again in the liquid state and this additional energy recovered, which withdrawn at the first channel in particular in the form of an exhaust gas passage to the exhaust gas becomes. Due to the capillary action, liquid medium flows into the sintering structure simultaneously with the evaporation.
  • the workgroup process can be carried out, for example, according to the principle of a Clausius-Rankine process.
  • the evaporator tubes are designed as a heat pipe, and consequently as heat pipes, and particularly preferably as a loopheat pipe.
  • the inventive method eliminates entirely a mechanical machining of the tube assembly produced.
  • the necessary steps are limited to a minimum, with elaborate machining preliminary or post-processing eliminated altogether.
  • a sufficiently high porosity in the sintering layer is produced by the sintering process itself, so that an optimum pumping action and consequently a removal of the vapor is made possible.
  • a plastic material is used in particular for the placeholder material itself, this being in particular a polymer material.
  • an amide wax can also be used.
  • the such placeholder material is applied in particular to the outer circumferential surface or wound or sprayed.
  • an adhesive is applied to the outer circumferential surface, wherein the adhesive produces a better cohesive connection between outer lateral surface and spacer material and / or outer lateral surface and sintered material.
  • the placeholder material is particularly preferably provided, for example, in the solid state of matter, and very particularly preferably in strand form.
  • the strands of the placeholder material of this type are then placed or pressed onto the outer circumferential surface and glued to the outer lateral surface at least temporarily.
  • the strands are pressed or glued.
  • the placeholder material is applied in strip form, wherein the strips, represented by the strands, are preferably spaced parallel to one another.
  • the strips in turn are in particular continue to run parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube or the strips are helically applied to the outer circumferential surface.
  • the strips extend at an angle to the central longitudinal axis of the inner tube and wind helically around the outer circumferential surface.
  • the placeholder material is sprayed in a liquid, gel or pasty state of aggregation on the outer circumferential surface.
  • the placeholder material has a self-adhesive function in this state of aggregation, so that an additional gluing process does not have to be carried out.
  • the placeholder material melts and flows out of the annular gap.
  • the temperatures used are preferably 500 ° to 1200 ° C, in particular 900 ° to 1100 ° C.
  • the placeholder material melts and runs out of the arrangement via the resulting channels.
  • the placeholder material can be expelled at about 600 ° before solidification of the sintered material and then the actual sintering process can be performed.
  • the placeholder material itself begins in a temperature range between 150 ° C and 450 ° C, in particular 200 ° C to 400 ° C to melt or vaporize.
  • the assembly has further reached a temperature at which the sintering process has already begun, whereby the sintered material then begins to bond.
  • a sintered material explained below in the form of a spattered metal powder, however, it can also be ensured that even if the spacer material is almost completely flowed out or vaporized, first of all the channel structure produced is retained during the subsequent sintering process.
  • a spattered metal powder is used.
  • Under spratzigem metal powder is an angular and / or edged powder form to understand so that the individual powder particles interlock with each other and / or tilt and remain dimensionally stable aligned until the completion of the sintering process.
  • the powder particles are thus square or edged or polygonal designed such that they interlock with each other and / or tilt. Due to the resulting channel structures, the second medium, in particular a working medium, then flows in the gaseous state of matter during later use.
  • the pumping function is to be regarded as being so preferred that an active pump can be dispensed with and the pumping function is effected exclusively by the capillary function.
  • a stainless steel material is used for the sintered material.
  • the inner tube, the sintered material and the optional jacket tube are likewise made of a stainless steel material, since this has a particularly good resistance to the corrosive properties of the exhaust gas while at the same time having good thermal conductivity. If all component components are formed from the same material, then the material has correspondingly equal thermal expansion coefficients, so that the arrangement assumes no damage, in particular with regard to the durability under thermal expansion.
  • the inner tube, the sintered material and optionally the jacket tube are made of a stainless steel material of the 1.4XXX group, most preferably of a stainless steel alloy 1.4404.
  • the sintered layer produced from the sintered material has a porosity of more than 50%, in particular between 50% and 80%, preferably between 50% and 60%, wherein between the Sintered layer and the outer circumferential surface of the inner tube, a contact area of 40% to 60%, in particular 50% is made.
  • the latter means in the context of the invention that 40% to 60%, in particular 50% of the outer circumferential surface of the inner tube is in contact with the sintered layer.
  • the inventive method further provides that the sintered material is coupled by the sintering process cohesively with the outer circumferential surface of the inner tube.
  • attachments such as plugs or connections especially for the second channel with the inner tube and / or with the jacket tube
  • soldering process wherein the soldering is performed simultaneously and in parallel with the sintering process.
  • Both can be performed in a same heating device, such as an oven. In particular, this is carried out at temperatures of substantially 800 ° to 1200 ° and very particularly preferably 900 ° to 1100 ° and optionally under protective gas.
  • the outer mold is provided on its inner circumferential surface with a high temperature resistant release agent. This makes it possible to remove the jacket tube after the sintering process and curing of the sintered material.
  • FIG. 1 shows an inventive evaporator tube 1, comprising an inner tube 2 and the inner tube 2 relative to its longitudinal direction 4 at least partially enclosing housing tube 3.
  • a capillary structure is arranged in FIGS. 2a and b will be explained in detail.
  • a first channel 5 is formed, through which a first medium can be conducted, so that the first medium emits a heat flow to an inner circumferential surface 6 of the inner tube 2, which then flows through the lateral surface 7 of the inner tube 2 and into the capillary structure K is transferred by means of heat conduction.
  • a second channel 9 in the form of an evaporation tube is formed, through which a second medium flows, wherein the evaporation channel has a capillary structure K.
  • closures 10, 11 are each end attached, which complete the second channel 9.
  • the closures 10, 11 themselves may have further connections or be designed as a connection itself, in order to introduce the second medium into the second channel 9.
  • FIG. 2a shows a cross-sectional view of the inventive evaporator tube 1 and FIG. 2b a corresponding magnification according to the section A from FIG. 2a
  • FIG. 2 is good to see that from an interior I a not shown exhaust gas flow emits a heat flow Q ⁇ to the inner circumferential surface 6 of the inner tube 2. From this there is a heat conduction to the outer circumferential surface 8 of the inner tube 2, where then the heat flow Q ⁇ in the second channel, shown here in the form of an evaporation channel 9, passes.
  • the evaporation channel 9 is here represented by cross-sectionally semicircular evaporation channels 9, formed.
  • the evaporation channels 9 themselves are in direct contact with the outer circumferential surface 8 of the inner tube. 2
  • a distance a is formed in each case between the individual evaporation channels 9, the sinter layer 12 being in direct contact with the outer jacket surface 8 of the inner tube 2 in the region of this distance.
  • an outer mold 13 which is only schematically indicated here, can then be arranged on the sintering layer 12 from the outside.
  • the outer mold 13 initially serves as a mold during the sintering process, wherein in particular within the scope of the invention, also between the outer mold 13 and inner tube 2, the entire second channel can be formed.
  • a corresponding supply of the second medium and a discharge of the evaporated second medium then takes place via the in FIG. 1 shown connections in the closures 11, 12th

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation (1), notamment pour un échangeur de chaleur de véhicule automobile, le tube de vaporisation (1) comportant un tube interne (2) avec un premier canal (5) pour le passage d'un premier fluide et un deuxième canal enveloppant le tube interne (2) pour la vaporisation d'un deuxième fluide, caractérisé par les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    - fourniture du tube interne (2),
    - application d'un matériau de réserve de place sur une surface enveloppante extérieure (8) du tube interne (2),
    - positionnement d'un moule extérieur (13) pardessus le tube interne (2), une fente annulaire existant entre la surface enveloppante extérieure (8) du tube interne (2) et la surface enveloppante intérieure du moule extérieur (13),
    - remplissage de la fente annulaire avec une poudre métallique irrégulière comme matériau à fritter,
    - frittage du dispositif et évacuation simultanée du matériau de réserve de place.
  2. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme matériau de réserve de place une matière plastique, notamment un polymère.
  3. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de réserve de place est posé ou enroulé ou appliqué au pistolet sur la surface enveloppante extérieure (8).
  4. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un adhésif est appliqué sur la surface enveloppante extérieure (8).
  5. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme matériau à fritter une poudre métallique irrégulière en acier fin.
  6. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le moule extérieur (13) est muni, sur sa surface enveloppante intérieure, d'un agent de démoulage résistant à haute température.
  7. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de réserve de place est appliqué en forme de bandes, les bandes étant parallèles les unes aux autres et distantes les unes des autres.
  8. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les bandes sont appliquées parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal médian du tube interne (2) ou en ce que les bandes s'étendent de manière hélicoïdale autour de la surface enveloppante extérieure (8).
  9. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tube interne (2), le matériau à fritter et optionnellement le moule extérieur (13) sont construits dans le même matériau, notamment en acier fin.
  10. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau à fritter n'est pas comprimé et/ou en ce que la couche frittée (12) a une porosité de plus de 50 %, comprise notamment entre 50 et 80 %, de préférence entre 50 et 60 %, et en ce qu'une surface de contact de 40 à 60 %, notamment de 50 %, est créée entre la couche frittée (12) et la surface enveloppante extérieure (8) du tube interne (2).
  11. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, par l'opération de frittage, le matériau à fritter est couplé par liaison de matière à la surface enveloppante extérieure (8) du tube interne (2) et/ou en ce que les autres pièces à ajouter sont couplées au tube de vaporisation (1) par un processus de brasage, le processus de brasage et le processus de frittage étant réalisés simultanément et dans un même dispositif de chauffage.
  12. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube de vaporisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de réserve de place fond sous l'effet de la température du frittage et est évacué hors du dispositif ou s'évapore.
EP14157192.7A 2013-04-16 2014-02-28 Procédé de fabrication d'un tube d'évaporateur Not-in-force EP2792437B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013103836.0A DE102013103836B4 (de) 2013-04-16 2013-04-16 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verdampferrohres

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2792437A1 EP2792437A1 (fr) 2014-10-22
EP2792437B1 true EP2792437B1 (fr) 2015-11-04

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EP14157192.7A Not-in-force EP2792437B1 (fr) 2013-04-16 2014-02-28 Procédé de fabrication d'un tube d'évaporateur

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EP (1) EP2792437B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013103836B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITUB20150833A1 (it) * 2015-05-21 2016-11-21 Alenia Aermacchi Spa Sistema di recupero del calore, particolarmente per impiego su velivolo, utilizzante un circuito a fluido bifase.

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3345160A (en) * 1965-07-09 1967-10-03 Carborundum Co Method for making ducted refractory articles
JPS5539601B1 (fr) * 1970-05-12 1980-10-13
WO2002044639A1 (fr) 2000-11-30 2002-06-06 Khpt Co., Ltd Caloduc a structure de meche frittee avec trous de type tuyaux paralleles et procede de fabrication de celui-ci
KR100982957B1 (ko) 2008-06-23 2010-09-17 성균관대학교산학협력단 루프 히트파이프 시스템용 증발기의 제조방법
DE102011103110B4 (de) * 2011-05-25 2014-08-28 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Abgassystem mit Kreislaufwärmerohr

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Publication number Publication date
DE102013103836B4 (de) 2018-05-03
EP2792437A1 (fr) 2014-10-22
DE102013103836A1 (de) 2014-10-16

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