EP2791602A2 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verflüssigung von co2 - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verflüssigung von co2

Info

Publication number
EP2791602A2
EP2791602A2 EP12714804.7A EP12714804A EP2791602A2 EP 2791602 A2 EP2791602 A2 EP 2791602A2 EP 12714804 A EP12714804 A EP 12714804A EP 2791602 A2 EP2791602 A2 EP 2791602A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
pressure
gas
fraction
cycle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12714804.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Olivier De Cayeux
Arthur Darde
Hervé Le Bihan
Xavier Traversac
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Publication of EP2791602A2 publication Critical patent/EP2791602A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0027—Oxides of carbon, e.g. CO2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0042—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by liquid expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
    • F25J3/0605—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0625—H2/CO mixtures, i.e. synthesis gas; Water gas or shifted synthesis gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
    • F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/067—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/02—Multiple feed streams, e.g. originating from different sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/70—Flue or combustion exhaust gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/80—Separating impurities from carbon dioxide, e.g. H2O or water-soluble contaminants
    • F25J2220/82—Separating low boiling, i.e. more volatile components, e.g. He, H2, CO, Air gases, CH4
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/80—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/30—Dynamic liquid or hydraulic expansion with extraction of work, e.g. single phase or two-phase turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/80—Integration in an installation using carbon dioxide, e.g. for EOR, sequestration, refrigeration etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/80—Quasi-closed internal or closed external carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for liquefying CO 2 .
  • An industrial route envisaged for the transport of CO2 is that of transport by boats, requiring the liquefaction of CO2, for example from different sources: coal-fired power plants, iron and steel units, SMR, gasification processes, etc.
  • This liquefaction may be preceded by one or more treatments of the fumes (or synthesis gas) by physical and / or chemical separation methods.
  • US-A-4699642 discloses a method for liquefying a CO2-rich gas according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the cycle liquid vaporizes at a pressure substantially equal to that of the gas to be liquefied.
  • the invention provides optimized schemes for the liquefaction of CO2 and optionally the conditioning of CO2 for pipeline transport from one or more sources, minimizing CO2 losses as well as the specific energy related to purification and liquefaction CO2.
  • the impure CO2 from one or more sources is compressed via the cycle compressor to the desired pressure to condense the CO2 at ambient temperature (or against an intermediate cold fluid).
  • Part of this CO2 can be directly compressed at a pressure sufficient for the transport of CO2 by pipeline, another part of the CO2 can be used in the cold box.
  • the liquid CO2 sent into the cold box potentially has two uses: one part can be purified for the production of liquid CO2, the other ensures the refrigeration balance by expansion of the liquid CO2.
  • the unit may also include the following technological bricks:
  • This arrangement thus allows a reliable use of the liquefier even if one of the sources of CO2 is lost.
  • the gas from this source is preferably chosen for the production of liquid CO2.
  • the cycle liquid vaporizes at two different pressures, each lower than the first pressure.
  • the liquid derived from the cycle liquid is derived by separation in a phase separator to produce a gaseous fraction and a liquid fraction, the liquid fraction constituting the liquid derived from the cycle liquid.
  • the vaporized cycle liquid in the exchanger has the same composition as the liquid or supercritical flow cooled in the exchanger
  • the fraction of the liquid or supercritical flow is not cooled in the heat exchanger and serves as a product.
  • a second feed gas is purified in the separation means or at least one of the separation means, without being compressed with the first feed gas.
  • At least a fraction of the cycle gas is vaporised at a lower pressure than the first pressure and compressed to the first pressure before being mixed with the first feed gas.
  • the auxiliary fraction and / or the second feed gas is / are purified to form the liquid product or one of the liquid products by separation in at least one phase separator and / or at least one distillation column.
  • the feed gas mixed with the cycle gas at the second pressure is cooled upstream of the heat exchanger to provide the liquid or supercritical flow and the liquid or supercritical flow is then fed to the heat exchanger.
  • the feed gas at the second pressure is cooled upstream of the heat exchanger to form a single liquid or supercritical flow and no gas flow.
  • an apparatus for liquefying a gas containing at least 60 mol%. of CO2 to produce at least one liquid product comprising a heat exchanger, a compression means comprising at least two stages in series including a first stage and a second stage downstream of the first stage, a conduit for supplying a feed gas at the inlet of the second stage of the compression means to be compressed from a first pressure to a second pressure, means for cooling the gas at the second pressure to form a liquid or supercritical flow, optionally a pipe to bring a part of the liquid or supercritical flow to serve as a product without passing through the heat exchanger, a pipe for causing at least a portion of the liquid or supercritical flow to cool in the exchanger to form a cycle liquid at the second pressure, at the least a pipe to send at least a fraction of the liquid to vaporize in the exchanger, in the case where several fractions vaporize there mo yen
  • At least one said pipe for sending a gas formed by vaporization to the compression means is connected to a point of the compression means upstream of the inlet of the first feed gas in the compression means.
  • the apparatus comprises a cold box containing the exchanger and means for expanding a liquid to be vaporized in the exchanger, and means for treating the auxiliary fraction of the cycle liquid, constituted by at least one phase separator and / or at least one distillation column.
  • the apparatus comprises a pipe for sending a second feed gas to the processing means without having been compressed in the compression means.
  • the condu ite to send a second feed gas to the treatment means is connected to the exchanger.
  • the exchanger is constituted by a single exchange body
  • the apparatus does not include means for enriching the CO2 cycle liquid before dividing it.
  • the apparatus comprises a plate brazed aluminum heat exchanger E1, a pump 42, a four-stage compressor C1, C2, C3, C4 and a series of phase separators P1, P2, P3.
  • phase separators, the heat exchanger and the expansion valves are in a cold box.
  • a mixture of gases from three different sources is liquefied to form a supercritical CO2 flow and purified to form a pure liquid flow of CO2.
  • the gas 1 containing at least 60 mol%. of CO2, or even at least 90 mol%. of CO2 or possibly at least 95 mol%. of CO2 and at least one other gas, which may be for example nitrogen, methane, carbon monoxide is to be liquefied.
  • the gas contains 99% of CO2, and 1% of nitrogen.
  • the gas 1 at a first pressure is mixed with the gases 1A, 1B and the mixture formed is sent to the third stage C3 of a four-stage compressor.
  • the gas is cooled by the cooler R3, compressed in the fourth stage C4 to a second pressure above the critical pressure, for example 83 bar abs and then cooled in the exchangers E3, E4 to form a supercritical fluid.
  • a portion 40 of the fluid is not sent to the heat exchanger E1 but is pressurized by the pump 42 to a pressure of 1 50 bar to form a product, for example to be sent in a pipe.
  • the remainder of the fluid or the fluid at the outlet pressure of stage C4 is cooled to about -50 ° C in exchanger E1 to form a cycle liquid, since it is no longer supercritical.
  • the liquid is divided into possibly five fractions.
  • a fraction at very high pressure 4 is expanded in the valve 6, vaporized in the exchanger E1 and sent to the third stage C4 of the compressor.
  • a high pressure fraction 5 is expanded in the valve 15, vaporized in the exchanger E1 and sent to the third stage C3 of the compressor.
  • a medium-pressure fraction 7 is expanded in a vaporized valve in the exchanger E1 and sent to the inlet of the second stage C2 of the compressor.
  • a low-pressure fraction is expanded in a valve 43 at 6.9 bar a and sent to a phase separator 35.
  • This low-pressure fraction will be at 5.6 bar abs, if the nitrogen concentration is reduced to about 100 ppm, the factor limiting the pressure drop is the temperature: it must be avoided that this fluid is too cold (for example -54.5 ° C) to prevent it from approaching the temperature at which the CO 2 will freeze .
  • Only the vaporization of a flow rate in the exchanger is required, for example the vaporization of the low-pressure fraction. This being the case, multi-pressure vaporization improves exchange and reduces energy consumption.
  • the formed liquid 39 and the formed gas 37 are vaporized and heated in the exchanger E1, mixed and sent to the inlet of the first stage C1 of the compressor.
  • the remainder of the liquid 13 is expanded in a valve 19 (or a liquid turbine), without passing through the exchanger E1, and sent to a phase separator P1.
  • a phase separator In the phase separator, it forms a liquid 23 and a gas 21.
  • the liquid 23 is heated in the exchanger and then sent to the third phase separator P3.
  • the liquid of this separator is the carbon dioxide-rich product of the apparatus at -50 ° C and 7 bar abs.
  • the gases of the separators P1 and P3 are mixed, cooled in the exchanger E1, compressed by a compressor C5, for example at 20 bar, cooled in a cooler 31 and then partially condensed in the exchanger E1 and sent to the second phase separator P2.
  • the gas 33 of this separator contains 39% of carbon dioxide and 61% of nitrogen and is heated in the exchanger E1.
  • the liquid is reheated in the exchanger as flow 36 and then mixed with fraction 13 sent to separator P1.
  • the process does not necessarily include the treatment of the fraction 13 or the gaseous phases of pots P1 and P3 and therefore that these gaseous fractions can simply be returned to the compressor after reheating in the exchanger E1.
  • the liquid 20 and / or the liquids 22 or 25 constitute (s) one of the liquid products of the process. It is also possible to treat the fraction 13 by distillation to produce a liquid product rich in carbon dioxide or to treat it simply to remove a gaseous part.
  • the cooled liquid flow rate in the exchanger E1 is divided into four parts 4, 5, 7 and 41 which are then reheated in the exchanger E1 to be sent to the compressor C1, C2, C3, C4, in addition to the flow rates for liquid production.
  • liquid from the P3 phase separator may be the only one or one of the products.
  • At least one of the phase separator P1, P3 can be replaced by a distillation column.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
EP12714804.7A 2011-03-16 2012-03-16 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verflüssigung von co2 Withdrawn EP2791602A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1152164A FR2972792B1 (fr) 2011-03-16 2011-03-16 Procede et appareil de liquefaction de co2
PCT/FR2012/050562 WO2012123690A2 (fr) 2011-03-16 2012-03-16 Procede et appareil de liquefaction de co2

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2791602A2 true EP2791602A2 (de) 2014-10-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12714804.7A Withdrawn EP2791602A2 (de) 2011-03-16 2012-03-16 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verflüssigung von co2

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20130340472A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2791602A2 (de)
CN (1) CN103797321A (de)
CA (1) CA2828179C (de)
FR (1) FR2972792B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2012123690A2 (de)

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FR2972792B1 (fr) 2017-12-01
CA2828179C (fr) 2019-01-08
FR2972792A1 (fr) 2012-09-21
CN103797321A (zh) 2014-05-14
WO2012123690A2 (fr) 2012-09-20
US20130340472A1 (en) 2013-12-26
WO2012123690A3 (fr) 2015-08-13
CA2828179A1 (fr) 2012-09-20

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