EP2785494B1 - Procede de sablage humide de produits a sabler - Google Patents

Procede de sablage humide de produits a sabler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2785494B1
EP2785494B1 EP12791196.4A EP12791196A EP2785494B1 EP 2785494 B1 EP2785494 B1 EP 2785494B1 EP 12791196 A EP12791196 A EP 12791196A EP 2785494 B1 EP2785494 B1 EP 2785494B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suspension
supply line
blasting
pressurised air
pressure
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EP12791196.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2785494A2 (fr
Inventor
Werner Hunziker
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0007—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for wet blasting according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a jet system in which a so-called. Injector blasting gun is provided.
  • the suspension is introduced into the blasting gun by means of a supply line and, in the interior of the gun, first passes through a flow space enclosed by the gun housing to the aforementioned front nozzle.
  • the known injector blasting gun additionally has a tubular injector which extends from the outside through the gun housing and through the flow chamber surrounded by the gun housing so far into the gun interior, that the mouth of the injector is leaving a free annular gap within the attachment nozzle.
  • injector blasting guns are well suited for use with a dry blasting medium (ie without the addition of liquid) and offer a cost-effective solution, especially when wet blasting often creates a rather unfavorable spray pattern with a more intensive irradiation in the center and a comparatively weaker blasted scattering zone along the circumference.
  • wet blasting in which a suspension containing the blasting agent is irradiated, is added as an aggravation that the performance of such injector blasting guns is low, since the suspension can suck only limited by the compressed air jet from the injector.
  • the suspension is pumped by a pump to the jet gun, for example.
  • a conventional or modified Submersible pump which is usually a centrifugal pump.
  • the problem arises that the coming of the pump suspension has a fast-flowing water content and a significantly slower flowing blasting agent content, this Segration is further enhanced with each change in direction in a hose or pipe.
  • Another difficulty is that in the known injector jet gun due to the comparatively large, supplied by the injector compressed air flow is also the risk that the jet formed from suspension and compressed air pulsates at the outlet of the blasting gun.
  • a disadvantage is also felt that the known Jet system requires a high specific, ie related to the enforced suspension flow compressed air flow rate, which entails high operating costs and also certain restrictions on the application, eg. About the addition of additives to the blasting entails.
  • EP 2 463 058 A2 discloses a blasting nozzle for a device for blasting objects.
  • DE 100 10 012 A1 For example, a method and an apparatus for irradiating with various blasting agents are known.
  • DE 10 2005 010 781 A1 discloses a particle beam device.
  • the present invention has the object of developing a generic method for wet blasting advantageous.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in conjunction with the characterizing features of claim 1. Notwithstanding the known injector blasting gun, the suspension and the supplied air do not first meet in the nozzle, but already in the supply line, through which the suspension flows to the blasting gun. Investigations and experiments have shown that this, in particular in connection with the below-mentioned possibilities for preferred development, advantageous to the beam result, the constructive Effort and operating costs.
  • the invention is based in particular on the finding that a in the supply line of the suspension (one could also speak of the suspension supply line) supplied air volume flow, which in relation to the same time unit enforced suspension volume flow significantly lower than at the explained prior art already leads to an advantageous effect on the beam result.
  • the supplied small amount of compressed air is not supplied for the purpose of entrainment of the suspension by means of a compressed air jet, but within the scope of the invention, the supply of suspension to the jet device or jet gun is achieved in another way by means of said pressurizing device.
  • compressed air flow rate is chosen so low that in a preferred finely dispersed introduction of the air bubbles in the suspension such a sufficient spacing between air bubbles in the suspension results that the air bubbles no or only a relatively small Have a tendency to bond together, allowing a continuous jet of emulsion without undesirable pulsation.
  • the compressed air volume flow supplied by means of the compressed air supply device and the suspension volume flow supplied by the supply line are coordinated so that the ratio of compressed air volume flow to suspension volume flow, if both volume flows to ambient pressure , in particular to 1 bar, converted, is smaller than the value 1 and preferably corresponds approximately to the value 0.5. It is understood that deviating conditions are possible, for example, could take the value 0.1 or 0.2 or 0.3 or the like. In this respect, therefore, only a very small amount of air is supplied to the suspension, in particular with regard to the amount of suspension.
  • a preferred embodiment also provides that suspension in the container with suspension pressure, which is preferably 3 bar, is applied and that compressed air in the compressed air supply line at least temporarily with air pressure which is higher, preferably by 2 bar higher than said suspension pressure , is charged.
  • suspension pressure which is preferably 3 bar
  • compressed air in the compressed air supply line at least temporarily with air pressure which is higher, preferably by 2 bar higher than said suspension pressure , is charged.
  • devices may be present which are suitable for automatically adjusting or adapting the air pressure as a function of a suspension pressure preselected by the user so as to automatically produce a desired pressure difference, preferably around 2 bar , It is then sufficient that the user selects or regulates only the suspension or jet pressure, while the air pressure in the compressed air supply line then automatically adjusted according to the desired pressure difference becomes.
  • a jet device can be used with a jet nozzle whose beam cross-section is, for example, 40 mm 2 .
  • the jet device is fed through the supply line, a suspension stream, which, if it is converted to ambient pressure (ie preferably to about 1 bar), corresponds to a volume flow of about 0.8 liters of suspension per second.
  • a compressed air flow is supplied through the compressed air supply line, which, if it is converted to ambient pressure (ie relaxed air at preferably about 1 bar), corresponds to a volume flow of about 0.4 liters of air per second .
  • the adjustment of the volume flows can be carried out, for example, by means of tables familiar to the person skilled in the art.
  • the indication of a volume flow of 0.4 liters of relaxed air per second refers to the preferred differential pressure of 2 bar and preferably remains the same or at least in a preferred embodiment of the device, for example, if the suspension pressure changed, but the pressure difference to the Air pressure is kept constant.
  • the method can also be developed advantageously by using for the wet-blasting a suspension comprising at least one liquid, such as water, and blasting agent comprising solid abrasive particles, wherein it is provided that the blasting agent comprises blasting agent particles of a first blasting medium type and blasting agent particles of at least one second blasting medium variety different therefrom.
  • the suspension comprises a liquid and blasting medium comprising solid abrasive particles
  • solid abrasive particles does not indicate a particular strength, but only serves to distinguish between the liquid and solid components of the suspension.
  • the term abrasive particles also does not specify any particular size of these particles, so that, for example, in addition to, for example, granular steel medium particles, powdery abrasive particles are also included.
  • abrasive particles in this broad meaning and also of abrasive grains, so that for the further description, the usual terms grain size, grain class, etc. can be used.
  • the term of blasting abrasive marks a blasting not only by Strahlstoffart, but also by its grain group, grain size, grain shape and hardness of the abrasive.
  • a grain or abrasive grain is understood as meaning a coherent particle of a blasting medium, the typical dimensions depending on the selected grain size ranging from a few ⁇ m to a few mm.
  • the term "grain group” refers to a grain size produced with undersize and oversize, characterized by a lower and upper test grain size, in which the permitted proportions are specified outside the two test grain sizes. The so-called.
  • Grain size is a fineness feature with the dimension length, for example. Nominal diameter of the Analysensiebö réelle, which can happen just the abrasive grain.
  • the Grain shape indicates the geometric shape of the grain, for example, spherical, cylindrical, cube-shaped, irregular, with a smooth or fissured surface, to. To speak in this respect of two mutually different types of blasting agent is sufficient if they differ in at least one criterion. With certain abrasives, it can be observed that they change certain features or characteristics with increasing duration of use or radiation. For example, in the course of time, the size, the abrasiveness, etc., may decrease.
  • the solid blasting agent particles preferably comprise material which is insoluble in the liquid, it being possible in principle to use all blasting agents known for the wet blasting method.
  • abrasive particles of the first abrasive species have a higher hardness than abrasive particles of the second abrasive species and that, in particular average, the mass of individual (or each) Strahlstoffteilchen in the second Strahlstofforte larger than in the first Strahlstofforte is.
  • the at least average comparison means that an average or average value determined for the abrasive particles of the first abrasive species is compared with an average or average value to be determined for the abrasive particles of the second abrasive species.
  • the blasting agent particles of the second blasting medium type Due to their comparatively larger mass per individual blasting agent particle (or per blasting agent grain), the blasting agent particles of the second blasting medium type have a comparatively larger kinetic when they strike the workpiece surface Energy, on the other hand, but they have a relatively lower hardness than the Strahlstoffteilchen the first type of abrasive.
  • the use of a suspension with in this way different types of blasting material is particularly suitable for certain jet tasks, where on the one hand at certain surface areas only a small Maschinen sangabtrag and a high surface smoothness and on the other hand on certain surface sections, the elimination of Burrs is required, and this is now even possible in only one operation.
  • a typical example is jet tasks, in which cutting edge machining tools form the workpieces.
  • an abrasive blasting agent such as corundum is required.
  • the intention is to achieve a limited rounding of the cutting edges by means of a workpiece removal, while at the same time leaving as little surface roughness as possible.
  • This is achieved by selecting, for example, corundum in comparatively small grain sizes as the so-called first type of blasting medium.
  • grain sizes from # 320 (equivalent to a typical grain size of 16 ⁇ m to 49 ⁇ m) to No. 500 (equivalent to a typical grain size of 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m) can be used.
  • the desired rounding of the cutting edges then takes place by means of the blasting agent particles of the first blasting medium by a grinding and / or polishing process which produces a high surface smoothness.
  • the removal of the grinding burrs by grinding away or polishing off is not possible.
  • the blasting agent particles of the selected so-called second blasting medium have a comparatively larger mass and consequently greater kinetic energy, these can bend over the grinding burrs, eventually break off and possibly level into the surface without the effect of the blasting agent particles of the so-called first blasting medium type (ie the example of Korundstrahlffens) to influence.
  • the different hardness of the two blasting agent types can be advantageously used in particular in a preferred development of the method, in which a workpiece is used whose hardness is less than the hardness of Strahlstoffteilchen the first Strahlffensorte and greater than the hardness of Strahlstoffteilchen the second blasting abrasive.
  • the density and / or the volume per blasting agent particle in the second blasting medium type is greater than in the first blasting medium type.
  • the density of the material comprising the abrasive grains is greater than, preferably one (not necessarily integral), several times higher, and more preferably many times higher, than the density of the first abrasive species in the second abrasive species.
  • the material density in the second blasting medium type may be about 4 kg / dm 3 and in the first blasting medium type, for example about 1.3 kg / dm 3 .
  • the abrasivity of the abrasive particles of the first abrasive species is greater than the abrasiveness of the abrasive particles of the second abrasive species.
  • the first blasting medium sort in comparison to the second type of abrasive a higher abrasiveness but also compared to a whole group of materials, for example.
  • workpieces made of metallic or ceramic materials or plastic in particular from elastomers or thermosetting plastics
  • the average maximum surface roughness of the abrasive particles of the first abrasive species is greater than the average maximum surface roughness of the abrasive particles of the second abrasive species.
  • Blasting agent particles of the first blasting agent type may alternatively or in combination, for example. Corundum, silica, silicon carbide, glass powder, quartz powder, glass beads or the like.
  • the abrasive particles of the first abrasive species are mineral material.
  • the blasting agent particles have duroplastic, which may be broken thermoset granules.
  • the blasting agent particles of the second blasting medium type have, alternatively or in combination, plastic, fine ceramics and / or zinc or aluminum granules.
  • abrasive particles of the first abrasive species are comparatively angular and that abrasive particles of the second abrasive species are in comparison to smooth, for example cylindrical or spherical, designed.
  • blasting agent particles of the first type of blasting medium are dust-tight and have a particular red polish
  • the method can advantageously be carried out by selecting, for example, polyamide grains, preferably having a smooth surface, as the blasting agent particles of the second blasting medium, preferably the polyamide grains cylindrical or cube-like shape, whose dimensions are preferably less than 1 mm.
  • suspension is used whose blasting agent particles of the second blasting medium type are plastically or elastically deformable.
  • suspension is used whose abrasive particles of the second abrasive species are produced as granules, preferably of vegetable material.
  • the supply line of the device comprises a valve which can be optionally opened and closed, and that a valve is provided in the compressed air supply line of the device, which can optionally open and close.
  • the compressed air supply line with respect to the suspension flow direction before, preferably immediately before, the Blasting gun is connected to the supply line of the suspension.
  • suspension supply line the more general term supply line is preferred for differentiation from the compressed air supply line, since these, in addition to suspension transported in some areas, depending on the location of the air feed, in turn, with air.
  • the said supply line can be, for example, a supply hose, or the supply line can consist of several components and, for example, comprise a supply hose.
  • the compressed air supply line is connected to the supply hose or, for example, in relation to the suspension flow direction is connected to the supply line immediately before the hose start.
  • the blasting gun it is preferred that it has at least one blasting agent outlet opening and at least one blasting-agent outlet opening in front of the blasting nozzle upstream of the suspension flow direction.
  • the supply line comprises at least one mixing device, which is arranged in front of the jet nozzle, preferably in front of the blasting gun, with respect to the suspension flow direction.
  • Said mixing device may comprise a mixer housing, in which one or more mixer elements in the suspension-flow through housing cross-section position and position fixed (ie static) are arranged, wherein it may preferably be provided that the Compressed air supply line to the mixer housing, preferably in relation to the suspension flow direction in front of the mixer elements or is connected.
  • the supply line extends into the blasting gun, wherein, for example, the mixing device of the supply line is arranged in the blasting gun.
  • the compressed air supply line is connected in or on the blasting gun to the supply line for suspension, preferably to the mixer housing.
  • the supply line for suspension as a hose, as a pipe or the like, or as a mere suitable for flow through opening or cavity (eg. As a bore) in the jet or in particular in the blasting gun extend.
  • the mixing device there is the possibility that it has a plurality of mixer elements which, viewed in the flow direction of the suspension, are arranged one behind the other.
  • the mixer elements may, for example, be lamellar or wing-like flow guide elements which, for example, may be fastened to the mixer housing on the inside.
  • Various mixer elements arranged in spaced-apart flow cross-sections may have installation positions which are different from one another, in particular with respect to one another, in order to improve the effect of thorough mixing of the suspension.
  • the mixer elements are lamellae whose longitudinal ends are rotated relative to one another about an imaginary plane of rotation along the supply line by a quarter turn, wherein it is further preferred that at least one first mixer element is provided on which a first direction of rotation of the Longitudinal ends is selected to each other, and that at least a second mixer element is provided, the longitudinal ends of each other in a second, opposite to the first direction of rotation twisting direction of rotation are rotated.
  • the mixing device is located only a short distance behind (ie in the flow direction) of the jet nozzle or the blasting gun, the mixing of the solid and liquid suspension components there has an advantageous effect on a uniform spray pattern on the workpiece surface.
  • a preferred embodiment also provides that the compressed air supply line is connected to an air supply nozzle, which is preferably designed as an injection needle, and that the air supply nozzle opens into the supply line, preferably perpendicular to the flow direction of the suspension.
  • the injection needle can be inserted directly into the wall of the supply tube and held therein according to the radial pressure, without the need for further holding elements. Alternatively, however, separate fasteners can be used.
  • the air supply nozzle has an inner diameter which is less than or equal to one millimeter and / or that the ratio of inner diameter of the jet nozzle to inner diameter of the air supply nozzle is greater than 10, and preferably about 15. This ratio is many times greater than in the known injector blasting guns, in which typically the jet nozzle has a diameter of 15 mm and the air nozzle has a diameter of 5 mm, so that the ratio has only the value 3.
  • a further preferred embodiment provides that the pressurizing device is adjusted or adjustable so that the flow velocity of the suspension with respect to the flow direction behind the connection of the compressed air supply nowhere is less than 2 m / sec. It is also preferred that the compressed air supply device is optionally adjustable so that the pressure of the compressed air supplied by the compressed air supply line either higher, preferably about 1 bar or about 2 bar higher than or about the same size or only slightly higher than the pressure of the pressurized by the pressurizing suspension. While compressed air is fed into the supply line in the pressure setting that is higher in this respect, no air is supplied in the alternatively possible setting, in which the pressure in the compressed air supply line corresponds to the suspension pressure, but a suspension return flow into the compressed air supply line and a blockage there avoided.
  • the pressurizing device it is preferred that it has at least one first pressurizing line connected to the pressure vessel and connected to a compressed air source by means of a pressure regulator, which can be optionally opened and closed by means of a valve, closure devices being provided for optionally pressure-tight closure of the container , If the container filled proportionately with suspension is pressurized by the pressurizing line, preferably by an upper section of the container housing, this causes the suspension to be displaced and pushed out of the container by the supply line immersed therein and to be pressurized (so-called jet pressure) the blasting gun flows.
  • a pressure regulator which can be optionally opened and closed by means of a valve, closure devices being provided for optionally pressure-tight closure of the container
  • the compressed air supply line has a branching into two line branches on the input side, of which one line branch is connected by means of a selectively openable or closable valve to the aforementioned pressurization line, and of which the other line branch by means of an optional opening or closing Valve is connected to a compressed air line in which there is a higher air pressure compared to the pressurizing line.
  • the pressurization device may have at least one pump through which suspension flows during operation, for example a submersible pump or a centrifugal pump.
  • a mixing device is present as described above.
  • the device can be developed advantageously by having, for example, a blast cabinet for receiving one or more workpieces and by having means adapted to the return conveyance of suspension from the blast cabinet into the container, wherein it is preferably provided that the in the device total existing or circulating amount of suspension greater, preferably many times greater than the in the container, preferably on average, recorded amount of suspension.
  • the return of the suspension in the container causes a flow which keeps the suspension in motion and mixes it, so that separation or separation into the various suspension components is counteracted.
  • At least one pressurizing device is preferred instead of a pump through which flows suspension, which is the interior of the container in which suspension for the blasting process to displace the Suspension in the beam line pressurized.
  • the container can also be spoken of a pressure vessel.
  • the container is preferably made higher than thick.
  • the device 1 comprises a blasting cubicle 2, in its inner blasting chamber 3 by means of a holder 4 a workpiece 5 for the purpose of a wet-jet treatment of its workpiece surface 6 is temporarily or releasably supported.
  • a jet device 8 which in the example is a jet gun 9
  • suspension 10 is irradiated onto the freely accessible workpiece surface 6 under a jet pressure which is higher than the ambient pressure.
  • the suspension comprises a liquid 11, in the example water, and blasting agent 12, which is composed of a very large number of solid abrasive particles 13, 14.
  • blasting agent 12 which is composed of a very large number of solid abrasive particles 13, 14.
  • the blasting agent particles 14 have a larger mass per blasting agent particle, ie a greater weight, a comparatively lower hardness and a comparatively smoother surface.
  • the abrasive particles 13 are corundum and the abrasive particles 14 are thermoset granules.
  • the suspension is initially stored in a container 15, which may also be referred to as a pressure vessel in view of its still-explained function and significance.
  • the container 15 is in fluid communication with the jet device 8 by means of a supply line 16.
  • a total of greatly simplified a pressurizing device is indicated.
  • the arrow leading from there to the container 15 represents a preferred embodiment, in which the pressurizing device 17 pressurizes the interior 18 of the container 15 to displace suspension 10 into the supply line 16 with overpressure.
  • the pressurizing device 17 can have a compressed air source and a pressurizing line leading from there to the pressure-tight sealable container 15, so that no pump through which the suspension 10 flows is required.
  • the pressurizing device 17 could alternatively be a pump which could either be inserted into the supply line 16 or, for example, be arranged as a submersible pump in the container 15.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises for adding relatively small amounts of air into the suspension, a compressed air supply device 19 which includes the components contained in the imaginary system boundary 20 and the compressed air supply line 21, which in the embodiment in the flow direction 22 of the suspension 10 viewed in front of the blasting gun 9 opens from the side into the supply line 16.
  • the compressed air supply device 19 comprises a compressed air source 32, which may be, for example, a compressed air generating pump or a supply line.
  • the compressed air supply line 21 has on the input side a branching into two line branches, of which the one line branch 24 has an optional opening or closing valve 26 and is fed with the valve 26 open by the compressed air source 32, wherein the air pressure in the line branch 24 means a pressure regulator 28 is adjustable.
  • the other line branch 25 has an optionally openable or closed valve 29 and is also supplied with open valve 29 from the compressed air source 32, wherein the air pressure in the line branch 25 by means of a pressure regulator 31 is individually or deviating adjustable.
  • the pressure set by the pressure regulator 28 for the line branch 24 corresponds to the pressure exerted by the pressurizing device 17 on the suspension 10 in the container 15, whereas with the pressure regulator 31 for the line branch 25 a higher pressure is preselected.
  • the valves 26, 29 one valve is closed and the other is opened, this assignment is switchable. Is, as in FIG.
  • valve 26 is closed and the valve 29 is opened, the air pressure in the compressed air supply line 21 is greater than the suspension pressure in the supply line 16, so that compressed air is fed into the supply line 16.
  • the reverse position of the valves 26, 29 corresponds to the air pressure in the compressed air supply line 21, the suspension pressure in the supply line 16 so that no compressed air is fed into the supply line 16, but on the other hand prevents penetration of suspension 10 in the compressed air supply line 21 becomes.
  • the air pressure in the compressed air supply line 21 could also be set slightly higher if necessary.
  • the explained different valve positions can also be clocked in time, in particular automatically, so that air is supplied during beam operation only during one or more time intervals. It has been shown that even by supplying very small amounts of air or an air volume flow which is considerably lower than the suspension volume flow, a significant acceleration of the suspension in the jet nozzle and improvement of the jet effect can already be achieved.
  • a device 1 according to the invention and a method according to the invention are presented according to a further preferred embodiment, wherein, as in the following, for features that correspond to an example described above at least functionally, the same reference numerals are selected for overview.
  • a valve 30 which in the example is a pneumatically actuated pinch valve, is arranged. This is selectively opened or closed by means of a control line 33 arranged in a control line 34. To identify a sealed Valve position, the symbol "X" is used.
  • a return line 35 which extends from a pressure lock 36 arranged below the blast cabin 2 into the container 15, has also been added.
  • valve 62 which is also a pneumatically controllable pinch valve arranged. This is actuated by means of a control line 38 arranged in a control line 38.
  • the container 15 is designed with respect to all ports so that it can be pressure-sealed from the environment, wherein a arranged in the pressurizing line 27 valve 39 is provided to reduce the pressure in the interior of the container 15 if necessary can.
  • the said pressure lock 36 can be closed pressure-tight to the outside environment and in its supply and discharge lines, wherein 40 denotes a valve by means of which the pressure lock with air from the interior of the (not pressure-tight) blasting room or vent ,
  • the blast cabin 2 has a funnel bottom 41, which collects sprayed suspension 10 by means of the blasting device 8, so that it can flow off into the pressure lock 36 through a central bottom opening 42 when it is open.
  • From the pressure regulator 28 (it is a pressure control valve) branches parallel to the pressurizing line 27, which has a valve 7, which can be opened and closed optionally, and is connected to the container 15, a further pressurizing line 43 with a valve 44, which can be optionally opened and closed, from and leads into the pressure lock 36.
  • an opening of the valve 44 has two effects. First, a cone-shaped sealing body 45 is displaced upwards against a seal seat and pressed by the inflowing compressed air, thereby sealing the bottom opening 42 pressure-tight. From an annular gap 46 which bounds between the discharge pipe 47 of the pressurizing line 43 and a central bore in the sealing body 45 When the valve 40 is closed and the valve 62 is opened, this causes suspension contained in the pressure lock 36 to submerge in it through the air pressure applied to the bottom of the pressure lock 36 because of the air pressure acting on it Return line 35 is pumped into the container 15.
  • the inlet opening 49 of the supply line 16 and the outlet opening 50 of the return line 35 in each case only a small, mutually equal distance above the bottom of the container 15. This is at an inflow of suspension 10 through the return line 35 in the container 15 advantageously causes a suspension flow, which leads to a desired mixing of the suspension components.
  • the pump 51 denotes a pneumatically operated pump, which in the example is a diaphragm pump. This is connected by means of a compressed air line 52, in which a valve 53, which can optionally open and close, is connected to a further pressure regulator 54.
  • the total of three existing in the example pressure regulators 28, 31 and 54 may be known per se control valves, such as preferably proportional valves, act.
  • the pump 51 can serve to mix the suspension 10 received in the container 15, preferably after longer periods of stoppage of the blasting machine, in order to counteract a drop of blasting agent in the liquid.
  • the two connections of the pump 51 are connected to an intake pipe 55 and to an exhaust pipe 56, wherein in the container 15, the opening of the intake pipe 55 is placed well above the opening of the exhaust pipe 56.
  • the opening of the discharge pipe 56 is located only a short distance above the bottom of the container 15. This makes it possible, after longer downtimes, to suck liquid by means of the suction pipe 55 and convey it through the discharge pipe 56 from below into the Mixing suspension 10, whereby a Verwirbelungsströmung arises, which leads to an overall uniform distribution of the blasting agent 12 in the liquid 11, or this uniform mixing favors and maintains.
  • the central compressed air source 32 is a compressed air connection.
  • An outgoing central supply line 57 branches off parallel to the pressure regulators 28, 31 and 54.
  • the line branch 24 At the output of the branch 58, in which the pressure regulator 28 is located, the line branch 24, the pressurizing line 27 and the pressurizing line 43 connect in parallel with each other.
  • the control line 37 and the control line 33 At the output of the branch 59, in which the pressure regulator 31 is located close to each other parallel to the line branch 25, the control line 37 and the control line 33 at.
  • the compressed air supply line 21 is indirectly connected to the compressed air source 32 with regard to the lines and valves connected therebetween.
  • the pressure regulator 54 At the output of the branch 59 ', in which the pressure regulator 54 is located, connects only the compressed air line 52 at.
  • FIG. 2 shows an operating state for filling the blasting agent or the suspension 10 in the blasting chamber 3 and for its transport through the pressure lock 36 and the return line 35 into the container 15.
  • the pressure lock 36 has an upper level probe 60 which indicates a corresponding filling, and a lower level probe 61, which indicates an evacuation up to this level.
  • the suspension 10 is filled with initially closed valve 44 and can thus flow into the open top pressure lock 36.
  • the venting valve 40 is closed, the valve 44 opened and thereby closed the bottom opening 42, the pressure lock 36 pressurized and pumped suspension 10 through the return line 35 and the open valve 62 into the container 15 while the valve 39 is opened.
  • FIG. 3 shows a subsequent operating state in which the device 1 is in beam readiness.
  • the suspension in the container is pressurized with the valve 7 open by the pressurizing line 27 while the valves 30, 39 and 62 are closed.
  • the suspension 10 in the container is under pressure, in accordance with the pressure set on the regulator 28.
  • FIG. 4 shows an operating state in which suspension 10 from the jet device 8 is blasted onto a workpiece 5 according to the jet pressure determined by the pressure regulator 28.
  • the valve 30 was opened.
  • the suspension pumped out or out of the container 15 is replaced by inflowing compressed air because of the still open valve 7, the pressure on the suspension 10 remaining the same.
  • the valve 44 is closed and the venting valve 40 is opened, so that the bottom opening 42 is opened and the suspension 10 can flow back into the pressure lock 36.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further operating state in which an automatic return delivery of suspension 10 takes place during the blasting operation from the pressure lock 36 into the container 15.
  • This operating condition is triggered when the upper level probe 60 is reached. This causes valves 44 and 62 to open and valves 40 and 7 to close.
  • the compressed air flowing through the pressurizing line 43 presses the suspension 10 From the pressure lock into the container 15 and from there to the jet device 8.
  • the container 15 which is also referred to as a pressure vessel, there is now practically the same pressure as in the lock 36, and from the pressure lock 36 flows the same amount to suspension 10 to the container 15 as emerges from the jet device 8.
  • FIG. 4 since the transition from the operating state FIG. 4 to the operating state FIG.
  • the flow rate of the suspension 10 through the return line 35 can be adjusted slightly higher than the flow rate through the supply line 16 to compensate for the amount of suspension. This can be achieved by lowering the pressure in the container 15 slightly below the pressure in the pressure lock 36 by means of the valve 39. Due to the resulting small pressure difference between pressure lock and container, the level in the latter rises slightly. With this measure, it can also be achieved that the return conveyance is completed slowly when the jet process is interrupted. When the lower level sensor 61 is reached in the pressure lock, it can return to the operating state according to FIG. 4 be switched so that an intermittent operation is possible.
  • the device 1 advantageously has no pump 10 through which the suspension flows, so that the unwanted separation of the suspension, which is typical for pumps, and the wear occurring thereon are avoided.
  • FIG. 6 shows a modification of the in FIG. 3 shown operating state in which the device 1 is in beam readiness.
  • the pump 51 was turned on.
  • FIG. 8 shows a device 1 according to another preferred embodiment. This has two, parallel to each other connected to the bottom opening 42 pressure locks 36. As can be seen from the valve positions, is during the in FIG. 8 shown jet suspension pumped from the left 36 in the direction of view pressure lock 36 into the container 15, while at the same time from the blasting cabinet 2 effluent suspension 10 is collected in the adjacent pressure lock 36.
  • the switching of these two functions of the pressure locks 36 can be done by means of the respective level sensors 60, 61.
  • FIGS. 9, 9a show one of FIG. 8 slightly modified and in contrast enlarged container 15. This has two connecting pipes 35 'for connecting one of the two in FIG. 8 In addition, as a modification of FIG. 8 , a total of four connecting pipes 16 'are provided for the connection of a respective supply line 16, so that at the same time four jet devices 8 can be connected thereto.
  • FIG. 10 shows an operating state in which during the blasting operation, the compressed air supply means 19 has been set so that the air flowing through the supply line 16 suspension 10 small air bubbles 63 are supplied.
  • the compressed air supply means 19 comprises the compressed air supply line 21 and the compressed air source 32 and the intermediate therebetween lying pneumatic components. These include the line branches 24, 25 with the valves 26, 29. It is envisaged that the line branch 24 with the pressurizing line 27 on the input side, that is connected in front of the valves 26 and 7, so that the pressure in the line branch 24 of the Pressure regulator 28 is dependent. The comparatively in the example by two bar higher pressure in the other leg 25 is determined by the pressure regulator 31.
  • the pressure regulator 31 is automatically readjusted depending on the pressure set on the pressure regulator 28 so that there is always a desired equal pressure difference between the pressures of these two regulators, in particular is preselected, automatically maintained.
  • the valve 26 is closed and the valve 29 is opened, so that at the junction 64 compressed air with about two bar pressure difference, but in only a small amount, is entered into the suspension 10.
  • the connection point 64 in the region of a supply hose 65, which is part of the supply line 16.
  • jet device 8 has a Strahlkarschaustrittsö réelle 66 and an upstream with respect to the suspension flow direction 22 jet nozzle 67, which viewed in the flow direction before the blasting agent outlet opening in a longitudinal section has a constant flow cross-section.
  • the supply line 16 comprises a mixing device 68.
  • three mixer elements 70 are fixed one behind the other in the flow direction 22 in the example. These are, for example, made of plastic or steel lamellae, whose two longitudinal ends 71, 72 are rotated relative to each other about an imaginary axis of rotation by a quarter turn each. Compared to the other two mixer elements70 the middle mixer element is twisted in the opposite direction in order to achieve a good mixing effect.
  • FIG. 11 jet device 8 has a Strahlschaus Stammsö réelle 66 and an upstream with respect to the suspension flow direction 22 jet nozzle 67, which viewed in the flow direction before the blasting agent outlet opening in a longitudinal section has a constant flow cross-section.
  • the supply line 16 comprises a mixing
  • FIG. 11 also shows that the compressed air supply line 21 is connected by means of an elbow 73 to the supply line 16, so that the air supply is transverse to the flow direction 22 takes place.
  • an air supply nozzle 74 is firmly inserted by means of serving as a transition conical plastic part 75, which is formed in the example as an injection needle and inserted with its tip in the supply tube 65.
  • the inner diameter of the air supply nozzle 74 is significantly smaller than the inner diameter of the compressed air supply line and to a much greater extent smaller than the inner diameter of the supply line 16 of the suspension 10, so that particularly finely dispersed or small air bubbles 63 in the Suspension 10 (in FIG. 11 not shown).
  • the outer diameter of the air supply nozzle 74 and the injection needle is 1.2 mm.
  • FIG. 12 differs from the example in FIG. 10 shown embodiment in that the connection point 64 of the compressed air supply line 21 is located on the supply line 16 to the mixer housing 69.
  • FIG. 5 indicates an operating state in which the pressure in the compressed air supply line 21 corresponds to the pressure of the suspension 10 in the supply line 16 and consequently no air bubbles are supplied
  • FIG. 13 the alternative operating state (see the already explained valve positions), in which finely distributed small air bubbles are introduced into the suspension 10.
  • FIG. 14 in enlargement, a possible connection of the compressed air supply line to the mixer housing 69 of the supply line 16.
  • FIG. 15 illustrated, comparable to FIG. 1a schematically the composition of the suspension 10 used in the example for the blasting.
  • the blasting agent 12 comprises blasting agent particles 13 of a first blasting medium type as well as different or different blasting agent particles 14 of a second blasting medium type.
  • the Strahlstoffteilchen 13 are significantly smaller than the Strahlstoffteilchen 14 and have, based on each individual Strahlstoffteilchen, a comparatively lower mass. While the abrasive particles 14 are smooth surface spheres, the abrasive particles 13 are irregular and ragged in shape and have a sharp-edged surface. In this respect, have the Strahlstoffteilchen 13 when hitting a workpiece surface 6 in comparison to the Strahlstoffteilchen 14 higher abrasiveness, while the Stahlstoffteilchen 14 have a relatively higher kinetic energy when hitting.

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  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Procédé de grenaillage par voie humide d'une ou plusieurs pièces d'oeuvre (5), un dispositif (1) étant utilisé pour le grenaillage par voie humide d'une ou plusieurs pièces d'oeuvre, le dispositif (1) présentant au moins un réservoir (15) destiné à recevoir et à délivrer une suspension (10) contenant un moyen de grenaillage (12) et au moins un dispositif de projection (8), par exemple un pistolet de projection (9), pour la projection de la suspension (10) sur la ou les pièces d'oeuvre (5), le dispositif de projection (8) étant relié avec le réservoir (15) au moyen d'au moins une conduite d'admission (16), le dispositif (1) présentant au moins un dispositif de pressurisation (17) pour la pressurisation à volonté la suspension (10), le dispositif (1) comprenant au moins un dispositif d'admission d'air comprimé (19) qui présente au moins une conduite d'admission d'air comprimé (21) et au moins une source d'air comprimé (32), la conduite d'amenée d'air comprimé (32) étant raccordée à la conduite d'admission (16) et reliée de façon directe ou indirecte avec la source d'air comprimé (32), et dans lequel le débit volumique de l'air comprimé amené au moyen du dispositif d'admission d'air comprimé (19) et le débit volumique de la suspension admise au moyen de la conduite d'admission (16) sont adaptés l'un en fonction de l'autre de telle sorte que le rapport entre le débit volumique de l'air comprimé et le débit volumique de la suspension est inférieur à la valeur de 1 et, en particulier, correspond à la valeur d'environ 0,5.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le débit volumique de l'air comprimé admis au moyen du dispositif d'admission d'air comprimé (19) et le débit volumique de la suspension admise au moyen de la conduite d'admission (16) sont adaptés l'un en fonction de l'autre de telle sorte que le rapport entre le débit volumique de l'air comprimé et le débit volumique de la suspension, si on convertit les deux débits volumiques à la pression ambiante, est inférieur à la valeur de 1 et correspond en particulier à la valeur d'environ 0,5.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2 ou les deux, caractérisé en ce que la suspension est pressurisée dans le réservoir (15) à la pression de la suspension, qui s'élève en particulier à 3 bars et en ce que l'air comprimé est pressurisé dans la conduite d'admission d'air comprimé (21), au moins temporairement, avec une pression d'air qui est plus élevée, en particulier 2 bars plus élevée, que la pression de la suspension précitée, étant entendu qu'à travers la conduite d'admission d'air comprimé (21) est amené un flux d'air comprimé qui correspond, si on le convertit à la pression ambiante, en particulier à l'air détendu, de préférence, à environ 1 bar, en particulier à un débit volumique d'environ 0,4 litre d'air par seconde, qu'on utilise un dispositif de projection (8) ayant une buse de projection dont la section de projection s'élève en particulier à 40 mm2 et qu'à travers la conduite d'admission (16) est amené au dispositif de projection (8) un flux de suspension qui correspond, si on le convertit à la pression ambiante, de préférence, à environ 1 bar, en particulier à un débit volumique d'environ 0,8 litre de suspension par seconde.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un moyen de grenaillage (12) qui contient des particules abrasives (13) d'une première variété du moyen de grenaillage et des particules abrasives (14) d'au moins une deuxième variété du moyen de grenaillage différente de la première.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'admission (16) du dispositif (1) présente une vanne (30) qui peut être ouverte et fermée à volonté et en ce qu'il est prévu dans la conduite d'admission d'air comprimé une vanne (26, 29) qui peut être ouverte ou fermée à volonté.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'admission d'air comprimé (21) est raccordée à la conduite d'admission (16) en amont, en particulier directement en amont du dispositif de projection (8) ou du pistolet de projection (9) par référence à la direction de circulation de la suspension (22) dans la conduite d'admission (16).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'admission (16) est un tuyau flexible d'admission (65) ou en ce que la conduite d'admission (16) comprend un tuyau flexible d'admission (65).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'admission d'air comprimé (21) est raccordée au tuyau flexible d'admission (65) ou raccordée à la conduite d'admission (16) directement en amont du débit du tuyau flexible par référence à la direction de circulation de la suspension (22).
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de projection (8) présente au moins une ouverture de sortie du moyen de grenaillage (66) et au moins une buse de projection (67) montée en amont de l'ouverture de sortie du moyen de grenaillage (66) par référence à la direction de circulation de la suspension (22).
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'admission (16) comprend au moins un dispositif de mélange (68) qui est agencé en amont de la buse de projection (67), en particulier avant le pistolet de projection (9), par référence à la direction de circulation de la suspension (22).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mélange (68) présente un logement de mélangeur (69) dans lequel un ou plusieurs éléments mélangeurs (70) sont agencés dans une position fixe dans la section creuse du logement à travers laquelle la suspension (10) circule, étant prévu, en particulier, que la conduite d'admission d'air comprimé (21) est raccordée au logement de mélangeur (69), en particulier, en amont du ou des éléments mélangeurs (70) par référence à la direction de circulation de la suspension (22).
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 et 11 précédentes ou les deux, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'admission (16) s'étend jusqu'à l'intérieur du dispositif de projection (8), qui est en particulier un pistolet de projection (9), le dispositif de mélange (68) de la conduite d'admission (16) étant en particulier agencé dans le pistolet de projection (9), et en ce que la conduite d'admission d'air comprimé (21) est raccordée à la conduite d'admission (16), en particulier au logement de mélangeur (69), à l'intérieur ou en amont du pistolet de projection (9).
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12 précédentes, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs éléments mélangeurs (70) sont agencés l'un après l'autre dans le dispositif de mélange (68), considéré dans la direction de circulation (22) de la suspension (10), étant prévu, en particulier, que les éléments mélangeurs (70) sont des lamelles dont les deux extrémités longitudinales (71, 72) sont décalées l'une par rapport à l'autre en rotation d'un quart de tour sur un axe de rotation imaginaire, étant en outre prévu, en particulier, qu'il est prévu au moins un premier élément mélangeur (70) au niveau duquel un premier sens de rotation des extrémités longitudinales (71, 72) l'une par rapport à l'autre est choisi, et qu'il est prévu au moins un deuxième élément mélangeur (70) dont les extrémités longitudinales (71, 72) sont décalées l'une par rapport à l'autre en rotation dans un deuxième sens de rotation opposé au premier sens de rotation.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'admission d'air comprimé (21) est reliée, en vue du raccordement à la conduite d'admission (16), avec une buse d'admission d'air (74), qui est en particulier réalisée en tant qu'aiguille d'injection, qui débouche dans la conduite d'admission (16), en particulier perpendiculairement à la direction de circulation (22) de la suspension (10).
  15. Procédé selon les revendications 9 et 14, caractérisé en ce que la buse d'admission d'air (74) présente un diamètre intérieur qui est inférieur ou sensiblement égal à 1 millimètre et/ou en ce que le rapport entre le diamètre intérieur de la buse de projection (67) et le diamètre intérieur de la buse d'admission d'air (74) est supérieur à 10, et s'élève en particulier à environ 15.
  16. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de pressurisation (17) est réglé ou peut être réglé de telle sorte que la vitesse de circulation de la suspension (10) en aval du point de raccordement (64) de la conduite d'admission d'air comprimé (21), par référence à la direction de circulation (22), n'est nulle part inférieure à 2 mètres par seconde.
  17. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'admission d'air comprimé (19) peut être réglé à discrétion de telle sorte que la pression de l'air comprimé amené à travers la conduite d'admission d'air comprimé (21) est soit supérieure, en particulier environ 1 bar ou environ 2 bars supérieure, soit sensiblement égale à la pression de la suspension (10) pressurisée par le dispositif de pressurisation (17).
  18. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce le dispositif de pressurisation (17) présente au moins une première conduite de pressurisation (27) en liaison avec le réservoir (15) et pouvant être alimentée en air comprimé à partir d'une source d'air comprimé (32), qui peut être ouverte et fermée à volonté au moyen d'une vanne (7) et dont la pression d'air peut être réglée au moyen d'un détendeur (28), des dispositifs d'obturation étant prévus pour fermer le réservoir (15) de façon étanche à la pression.
  19. Procédé selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'admission d'air comprimé (21) présente du côté de l'entrée un embranchement (23) dans deux branches de conduite (24, 25), dont une branche de conduite (24) présente une vanne (26) pouvant être ouverte ou fermée à volonté et est reliée avec la conduite de pressurisation (27) selon la revendication 18, en particulier en amont de sa vanne (7) par référence à la direction de circulation de l'air comprimé, et dont l'autre branche de conduite (25) présente une vanne (29) pouvant être ouverte ou fermée à volonté et est en liaison avec la source d'air comprimé (32), la pression de l'air dans la branche de conduite (25) étant réglée ou pouvant être réglée au moyen d'un détendeur (31, 28) à un niveau supérieur à la pression de l'air dans la branche de conduite (24).
  20. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de pressurisation (17) présente au moins une pompe à travers laquelle la suspension (10) circule pendant le fonctionnement, comme par exemple une pompe submersible ou une pompe centrifuge.
EP12791196.4A 2011-11-28 2012-11-27 Procede de sablage humide de produits a sabler Not-in-force EP2785494B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110055772 DE102011055772A1 (de) 2011-11-28 2011-11-28 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Nassstrahlen von Strahlgut
PCT/EP2012/073752 WO2013079490A2 (fr) 2011-11-28 2012-11-27 Dispositif et procédé de sablage humide de produits à sabler

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EP2785494A2 EP2785494A2 (fr) 2014-10-08
EP2785494B1 true EP2785494B1 (fr) 2015-11-18

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DE (1) DE102011055772A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013079490A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3964331A1 (fr) * 2020-09-02 2022-03-09 Sugino Machine Limited Appareil et procédé de grenaillage abrasif

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014111043A1 (de) 2014-08-04 2016-02-04 Werner Hunziker Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Strahlen von Suspension auf Werkstücke
DE102019133827A1 (de) 2018-12-18 2020-06-18 Technische Universität Chemnitz Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schalten einer Hochdruck-Suspension

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3343304A (en) * 1965-03-12 1967-09-26 Arthur H Eppler Apparatus for wet abrasive blasting
DE10010012A1 (de) * 1999-03-05 2000-09-07 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bestrahlen mit verschiedenartigen Strahlmitteln
DE102005010781A1 (de) * 2005-02-25 2006-08-31 Alfred Kärcher Gmbh & Co. Kg Partikelstrahlvorrichtung
EP2463058B1 (fr) * 2010-10-24 2014-03-19 Paul Auer GmbH Buse à jet pour un dispositif de sablage ou de rayonnement d'objets

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3964331A1 (fr) * 2020-09-02 2022-03-09 Sugino Machine Limited Appareil et procédé de grenaillage abrasif
US11883929B2 (en) 2020-09-02 2024-01-30 Sugino Machine Limited Abrasive peening apparatus and abrasive peening method

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DE102011055772A1 (de) 2013-05-29
EP2785494A2 (fr) 2014-10-08
WO2013079490A2 (fr) 2013-06-06
WO2013079490A3 (fr) 2013-10-24

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