EP2776627B1 - Sleeper with an elastic sole on ballast bed - Google Patents

Sleeper with an elastic sole on ballast bed Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2776627B1
EP2776627B1 EP12794162.3A EP12794162A EP2776627B1 EP 2776627 B1 EP2776627 B1 EP 2776627B1 EP 12794162 A EP12794162 A EP 12794162A EP 2776627 B1 EP2776627 B1 EP 2776627B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeper
elastic
elastic sole
ballast bed
relief
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12794162.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2776627A1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Carels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pandrol Cdm Track Nv
Original Assignee
Pandrol Cdm Track Nv
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Publication date
Application filed by Pandrol Cdm Track Nv filed Critical Pandrol Cdm Track Nv
Priority to PL12794162T priority Critical patent/PL2776627T3/pl
Publication of EP2776627A1 publication Critical patent/EP2776627A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2776627B1 publication Critical patent/EP2776627B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/46—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from different materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
    • E01B2204/01—Elastic layers other than rail-pads, e.g. sleeper-shoes, bituconcrete

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a railway that comprises an elastic sole with a sleeper, in particular a concrete sleeper, on which the rails of the railway are to rest, whereby said elastic sole is designed to be placed between the sleeper and a ballast bed in a close-fitting manner and whereby the elastic sole is fixed to the bottom of the sleeper.
  • ballast bed is formed of chippings, also called ballast stones, and ensures the stability of the railway and absorbs vibrations.
  • the elasticity of this type of track is mainly determined by the ballast bed, the elastic sole between the sleeper and the ballast bed and possibly also by an elastic sole between the rail and the sleeper. As the ballast bed is silted up by dirt and /or sand in this system, this results in an undesirable reduction in the elasticity of the track.
  • the lateral tracking stability is largely determined by the lateral resistance to displacement of the sleeper in relation to the ballast bed.
  • This lateral resistance determines the force required for a track to move back and forth about the ballast bed. Hence, this also determines the resistance with which a track opposes a transverse displacement.
  • Patent application EP2108738A1 describes an elastic sole whereby the contact between the sole and the ballast bed is improved by providing the sole with teeth formed of ballast stones.
  • the manufacture of such a sole is rather laborious. Also these teeth constitute a difficulty, for example when stacking and transporting the sleepers.
  • Patent application JP-A-408338001 describes a support box including elastic pads for supporting the sleeper on the ballast stones.
  • the invention aims to remedy these disadvantages by putting forward an elastic sole and a method making it possible to provide the bottom of the sleepers, in particular of concrete sleepers, with an elastic sole in a simple manner, whereby a reduction of the lateral tracking stability, which is caused by the elastic sole, is restricted.
  • the proposed solution makes it possible to apply the elastic sole in such a way that a stiffening caused by the ballast bed silting up is prevented.
  • the bottom of the elastic sole has a relief to at least partially enclose the chippings of the ballast bed on which the elastic sole rests, as a result of which the lateral resistance against displacement of the sleeper in relation to the ballast bed is increased, as claimed in the appended claims.
  • the elastic sole preferably extends over practically the entire bottom of the sleeper.
  • the relief contains upright parts consisting of elastically deformable studs which are to extend at least partially with a free end between the chippings of the ballast bed, and the relief thus contains corresponding cavities, formed between said studs, in which the chippings of the ballast bed at least partly penetrate.
  • cavities have a size which preferably corresponds to the average size of the stones of the chippings of the ballast bed.
  • the free ends of two adjacent studs are hereby situated at a distance from one another in the same order of magnitude as the average diameter of the stones of the chippings.
  • the relief consists at least partly of an undulating surface which is undulating in two directions that are practically perpendicular to one another.
  • the stiffness of the elastic sole under rail fastening zones, provided on the upper side of the sleeper, is higher than the stiffness of the elastic sole under the sleeper between said rail fastening zones.
  • the invention also concerns a method for manufacturing a railway with sleepers on whose top rest rails, whereby these sleepers rest on a ballast bed with ballast stones via elastic soles, whereby at least one elastic sole is fixed to the bottom of the sleeper, which elastic sole has a relief on its bottom side which is placed against the ballast bed in such a way that the relief at least partly encloses a part of the ballast stones of the ballast bed in order to increase the lateral resistance of the sleeper in the ballast bed.
  • said elastic sole is made of the same elastic material as the relief.
  • the relief is selected such that it has elastically deformable standing studs, whereby, in order to partly enclose a ballast stone of the ballast bed, at least three studs abut against said partly enclosed ballast stone. Further, almost the entire bottom side of the sleeper is preferably coated with at least one elastic sole applied thereto.
  • the invention generally concerns a railway comprising a sleeper on which rails of the railway rest, preferably a concrete sleeper.
  • This sleeper is provided with one or several elastic soles on its bottom side on which the sleeper rests, as is schematically represented in figure 1 .
  • the elastic soles 1 are situated in a railway between the sleeper 2 and a railway bedding formed of a ballast bed 4 with chippings 9. The sleepers 2 thus rest on the ballast bed 4 via the elastic soles 1.
  • These elastic soles 1 are preferably provided with a bottom side 7 having a relief 8 that makes contact with the chippings 9 of the ballast bed 4.
  • the elastic sole 1 hereby has a base with a thickness which preferably amounts to at least 5 mm, with upright parts on it, whose height preferably amounts to 2 to 15 mm and which form the relief 8 which is turned towards to the ballast bed 4.
  • the upright parts thus extend towards the ballast bed 4. Consequently, the relief 8 has cavities in which chippings 9 of the ballast bed 4 can at least partly penetrate and/or it has upright parts in between which chippings 9 of the ballast bed 4 can at least partly take place.
  • the elastic sole 1 thus partly encloses part of the chippings 9.
  • the cavities and/or upright parts thus enlarge the contact surface of the elastic sole 1 with the ballast bed 4.
  • the relief 8 forms standing contact surfaces which partly ensure an enlargement of the contact surface with the ballast bed 4 and also provide for an increase of the horizontal shear resistance. Compared to a flat elastic sole 1 without relief 8, this results in an improved lateral stability of the railway.
  • the size of said cavities preferably corresponds to the size, in particular the average size, of the stones of the chippings 9.
  • the width of the cavity is hereby preferably in the same order of magnitude as the average diameter of the stones of the chippings 9.
  • the height of the relief 8 is preferably smaller than the average diameter of the stones of the chippings 9.
  • the elastic soles 1 extend against the bottom side 6 of the sleeper 2, under the fastening zones 13 for the rails 3 and preferably also against the bottom side 6 of the sleeper 2 between said fastening zones 13.
  • the elastic soles 1 preferably extend under practically the entire sleeper 2.
  • the stiffness of the elastic soles 1,17,18 under the fastening zones 13 is higher than the stiffness of the elastic soles 1,19 between said fastening zones 13.
  • the invention also concerns a method for manufacturing a railway with such sleepers 2 and elastic soles 1 on a ballast bed 4.
  • the lateral resistance of the sleeper 2 in the ballast bed 4 is increased.
  • the relief 8 of the elastic sole 1 with its uneven surface provided with studs takes care of that.
  • the unevennesses of the studs thus create peaks and dips on the surface of the elastic sole 1.
  • ballast stones attach themselves in the dips, and the peaks additionally provide resistance against a lateral displacement of the elastic sole 1 and sleeper 2 in relation to the ballast bed 4.
  • the bottom side 6 of a concrete sleeper 2 is provided with an elastic sole 1 over practically its entire length, as is shown in figures 1, 2A, 2B , 3A and 3B .
  • the elastic sole 1 may hereby either be glued, for example with its top side 5, to the bottom side 6 of the sleeper 2, or the top side 5 of the elastic sole 1 may for example be provided with upright parts which are embedded in the bottom side 6 of the sleeper 12, such that the sole 1 is anchored in the bottom side 6 of the sleeper 2.
  • a rail fastening zone 13 On the top side 16 of the sleeper 2, at each of the far ends 22, is situated a rail fastening zone 13.
  • the rails 3 of the railway are to be fixed on the sleeper 2 in this zone 13.
  • a first and a second elastic sole 17,18 are applied to the bottom side 6 of the sleeper 2. These first and second elastic soles 17,18 form supports under the rail fastening zones 13 with which the sleeper 2 rests on the ballast bed 4.
  • the first and second elastic soles 17,18 are provided with a relief 8 on their bottom side 7 which is turned towards the ballast bed 4, as represented in figure 2A .
  • This relief 8 is undulating in two directions that are practically perpendicular to one another, as shown in more detail in figure 2B . These directions may be oriented according to the longitudinal axis of the sleeper 2 and perpendicular to this longitudinal axis.
  • the relief 8 has upright parts formed of standing, truncated, substantially conical studs 10. These studs 10 have obliquely upright contact surfaces 14 forming an angle ⁇ with the plane of the bottom side 6 of the sleeper 2 which amounts to 5° to 85°, and preferably 10° to 30°.
  • the relief 8 has a height A which corresponds to the height of said standing studs 10 and amounts to practically 2 to 15 mm, preferably 5 to 10 mm.
  • the height A of the relief 8 is the difference in height between a top 15 of the studs 10 and a dip 23 between these studs 10. Said top 15 corresponds to the free end of the upright part or also the stud 10.
  • said free ends 15 of two adjacent studs 10 are hereby situated at a distance E from one another which is in the same order of magnitude as the average diameter D of the chippings 9.
  • the distance E between the free ends 15 preferably amounts to maximally four times the average diameter D of the chippings 9 and minimally one fourth of the average diameter D of the chippings 9.
  • said distance E preferably amounts to maximally two times the average diameter D of the chippings 9 and minimally half of the average diameter D of the chippings 9.
  • Adjacent studs 10 thus define a cavity which contains the chippings 9.
  • the distance E between the free ends 15 hereby corresponds to the width of said cavity.
  • the thickness C of the elastic sole 17,18 at the height of the tops 15 of the studs 10 preferably amounts to 7 to 20 mm.
  • the thickness B at the height of the dips 23 between the studs 10 preferably amounts to minimally some 5 mm.
  • the distance E between two successive tops 15 of the studs 10 preferably amounts to some 20 to 100 mm.
  • a third elastic sole 19 is placed against the bottom side 6 of the sleeper 2.
  • This third elastic sole 19 preferably abuts against the first and second elastic soles 17,18, and this third sole 19 preferably has a base with a thickness B which is practically equal to the thickness B of the base of the first and second elastic soles 17,18.
  • the thickness B of the base of the third elastic sole 19 preferably amounts to minimally some 5 mm as well.
  • the third sole 19 may possibly be also provided with standing studs 10 analogous to those of the first and second soles 17,18, as represented in figure 3B .
  • the elastic sole 1 on one far end 22 of the sleeper 2 is thus provided with relief 8, whereas the elastic sole 1 in the centre 21 of the sleeper 2 may be flat or may also be provided with some relief 8.
  • the material of the elastic soles 1,17,18,19 is selected such that the stiffness of the first and second elastic soles 17,18 in relation to the stiffness of the third elastic sole 19 has a ratio that is greater than a factor 2.
  • Such materials are known as such to the professional and may, for example, consist of recycled rubber, natural or synthetic rubber, resin-bound rubber granules, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and/or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).
  • TPE thermoplastic elastomer
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • the stiffness of the elastic soles 1,17,18,19 may be influenced, for example, by an appropriate density of the material used. Possibly cavities can also be provided so as to reduce the stiffness, not represented in the figures. Further, the elastic sole 1,17,18,19 may also contain a woven structure so as to reinforce the sole, not represented in the figures.
  • Said elastic soles 1,17,18,19 with the relief 8 can be manufactured according to methods known as such, such as for example vulcanization, extrusion or protrusion.
  • the elastic sole 1,17,18,19 is manufactured together with the studs 10, preferably in one piece.
  • the elastic soles 1,17,18 rest with their bottom sides 7, provided with the relief 8, on the chippings 9 of the ballast bed 4.
  • the chippings 9 are hereby at least partly surrounded by the elastic soles 1,17,18, and these chippings 9 thus at least partly fill the cavities in the relief 8. Consequently, the standing studs 10 extend towards the bottom between the chippings 9.
  • the free end 15 of the studs 10 thereby extends between the chippings 9.
  • the obliquely upright contact surfaces 14 hereby rest against the chippings 9. As a result, the lateral stability of the railway is strongly improved.
  • the contact surface with the ballast bed 4 is raised further, such that this third sole 19 also has a positive effect on the lateral stability of the railway. This effect is further increased if the third sole 19 is also provided with a relief 8 analogous to that of the first and second soles 17,18, as represented in figure 3B .
  • the third sole 19, situated between the first and second soles 17,18 and between the bottom side 6 of the sleeper 2 and the ballast bed 4, also prevents the railway from stiffening due to a possible accumulation of dirt and/or sand between the bottom side 6 of the sleeper 2 and the ballast bed 4.
  • the third sole 19 will have practically no effect whatsoever on the action of the first and second elastic soles 17,18.
  • a second preferred embodiment of the invention differs from the first embodiment in that the bottom side 7 of at least the first and the second elastic soles 17,18 is provided with a relief 8 consisting of pyramid-shaped studs 10. These pyramid-shaped studs 10 can possibly be truncated.
  • an embodiment of the invention differs from the preceding embodiments in that the elastic sole 1 is made in one piece with the first, the second and the third elastic soles 17,18,19, whereby this elastic sole 1 is provided with one of the aforementioned relief shapes 8 at least under the rail fastening zones 13 on the far ends 22 of the sleeper 2.
  • Another embodiment of the invention differs from the preceding embodiments in that there is not applied any elastic sole 19 under the centre 21 of the sleeper 2, but merely an elastic sole 17,18 with relief 8 under the sleeper 2 at the height of the rail fastening zones 13.
  • an elastic sole 19 with a bottom side 7 provided with a relief 8 is applied under the centre 21 of the sleeper 2 between elastic soles 17,18 having a flat bottom side 7.
  • an elastic sole 1,17,18,19 under the entire sleeper 2.
  • the elastic sole 19 under the centre 21 of the sleeper 2 is hereby more flexible than the elastic soles 17,18 which are provided under the rail fastening zones 13.
  • the elastic sole 19 under the centre 21 of the sleeper 2 will improve the lateral stability of the railway and also prevents the railway from stiffening by preventing the railway bed under the sleeper 2 from silting up.
  • An embodiment of the invention differs from the preceding embodiments in that only a first and second elastic sole 17,18 are provided under the rail fastening zones 13, whereby the bottom side of these soles 17,18 is provided with a relief 8, without a third elastic sole 19 being provided in the centre 21 of the sleeper 2 as well.
  • the invention also concerns a method for installing a railway with sleepers 2 whereby rails 3 rest on the top side 16 thereof as described above and whereby these sleepers 2, via elastic soles 1,17,18,19, rest on a ballast bed 4 with chippings 9.
  • this method at least one elastic sole 1,17,18,19 is applied against the bottom side 6 of the sleeper 2.
  • This elastic sole 1 has a relief 8 on its bottom side 7 which is placed against the ballast bed 4 and which partly encloses at least a part of the chippings 9 of the ballast bed 4.
  • the elastic sole 1,17,18,19 is manufactured together with the relief 8 out of one and the same elastic material.
  • Elastic studs 10 are being provided thereby, such that the size of the cavity between adjacent studs 10 corresponds to the size of the stones of the chippings 9.
  • the size of the cavity is preferably selected such that at least three studs 10 abut against a stone of the chippings 9 enclosed in the cavity.
  • the invention is not restricted to the above-described method and device according to the invention.
  • the relief 8 on the bottom side 7 of the elastic soles 1 may consist of all sorts of profiles and patterns whereby upright parts 10 can penetrate at least partly between the chippings 9 of the ballast bed 4, as defined by the appended claims.
  • the bottom side 7 of the elastic soles 1,17,18,19 may possibly be only partly provided with a relief 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
EP12794162.3A 2011-10-21 2012-10-22 Sleeper with an elastic sole on ballast bed Active EP2776627B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12794162T PL2776627T3 (pl) 2011-10-21 2012-10-22 Podkłady kolejowe z elastyczną podkładką na łożu podsypki

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2011/0616A BE1020231A3 (nl) 2011-10-21 2011-10-21 Elastische zool en dwarsligger waarop spoorstaven rusten op een ballastbed.
PCT/BE2012/000046 WO2013082679A1 (en) 2011-10-21 2012-10-22 Sleeper with an elastic sole on ballast bed

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2776627A1 EP2776627A1 (en) 2014-09-17
EP2776627B1 true EP2776627B1 (en) 2018-02-07

Family

ID=47262927

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12794162.3A Active EP2776627B1 (en) 2011-10-21 2012-10-22 Sleeper with an elastic sole on ballast bed

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2776627B1 (es)
BE (1) BE1020231A3 (es)
DK (1) DK2776627T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2666280T3 (es)
NO (1) NO2776627T3 (es)
PL (1) PL2776627T3 (es)
WO (1) WO2013082679A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD910487S1 (en) 2019-07-15 2021-02-16 Voestalpine Railway Systems Nortrak Inc. Railroad tie
PL440290A1 (pl) * 2022-02-02 2023-08-07 Politechnika Krakowska im.Tadeusza Kościuszki Kształtowa podkładka podpodkładowa

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2862812B2 (ja) * 1995-06-12 1999-03-03 東京フアブリック工業株式会社 まくらぎの弾性支承装置
JP2002167701A (ja) * 2000-12-01 2002-06-11 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd 枕 木
BE1014215A3 (nl) * 2001-06-06 2003-06-03 G S Rand B V B A Fa Dwarsligger met een regelbare demping en stijfheid voor een spoorweg.
US7278588B2 (en) * 2004-11-08 2007-10-09 Northwest Rubber Extruders, Inc. Elastomeric railway tie pad
JP2006328731A (ja) * 2005-05-25 2006-12-07 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd まくら木の連結構造
AT10638U1 (de) * 2008-04-11 2009-07-15 Kalivoda Manfred T Dr Schwellenbesohlung
DE102009038414A1 (de) * 2009-08-21 2011-03-03 Plica, Peter, Dr.-Ing. Elastische Besohlung für Betonschwellen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK2776627T3 (en) 2018-04-30
NO2776627T3 (es) 2018-07-07
PL2776627T3 (pl) 2018-07-31
ES2666280T3 (es) 2018-05-03
BE1020231A3 (nl) 2013-06-04
WO2013082679A1 (en) 2013-06-13
EP2776627A1 (en) 2014-09-17

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