EP2776309B1 - Schleppvorrichtung mit einer schwenkbarem klüse - Google Patents

Schleppvorrichtung mit einer schwenkbarem klüse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2776309B1
EP2776309B1 EP12783607.0A EP12783607A EP2776309B1 EP 2776309 B1 EP2776309 B1 EP 2776309B1 EP 12783607 A EP12783607 A EP 12783607A EP 2776309 B1 EP2776309 B1 EP 2776309B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
fairlead
hinge
sector
axis
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Application number
EP12783607.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2776309A1 (de
Inventor
Christophe Borel
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Thales SA
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Thales SA
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Publication of EP2776309A1 publication Critical patent/EP2776309A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/56—Towing or pushing equipment
    • B63B21/66—Equipment specially adapted for towing underwater objects or vessels, e.g. fairings for tow-cables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/04—Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like
    • B63B21/10—Fairleads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/16—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring using winches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a towing device for equipping the deck of a ship and for towing an object dragged behind the ship.
  • the towing device conventionally comprises a winch, a cable and a fairlead, the cable flowing in the fairlead under the action of the winch.
  • a known fairlead is for example described in the document US 4,455,961 .
  • This type of device is for example implemented in the field of underwater acoustics and more particularly for towed active sonars. These sonars generally include a transmitting antenna integrated in a submersible object or "fish" and a receiving antenna consisting of a linear antenna or "flute". When using dependent towing sonar, the fish and flute are attached to the same cable to be towed by the vessel.
  • the cable generally comprises a core formed of electrical and / or optical conductors for transmitting energy and information between sonar equipment located on board the ship and the antennas.
  • the core of the cable is usually covered with a strand of metal son ensuring the mechanical strength of the cable.
  • the constitution of the cable imposes a minimum radius of curvature. Below this radius, inadmissible mechanical stress appears and causes deterioration of these elements.
  • the winch attached to the deck of the ship has a reel on which the cable can wind when the sonar is inactive and the antennas are stored on board the ship.
  • the diameter of the drum ensures that the coiled elements are not curved at a radius less than the minimum radius of curvature.
  • the cable When the towed elements are overboard, the cable is guided by the fairlead that secures its effective radius of curvature.
  • the vessel When towing, the vessel may change its speed and heading. Other involuntary movements of the ship can occur when the sea state is degraded, particularly in heavy weather. These movements of the ship cause a change in the direction of the cable relative to the axis of the ship.
  • the fairlead may be fixed relative to the ship and have a trumpet shape opening towards the rear of the ship.
  • the fairlead must be adapted to allow the rise of antennas on the deck of the ship.
  • the fairlead is for example open on its upper part.
  • the vessel can be equipped with an articulated arm allowing the fish to pass over the fairlead.
  • the invention aims to overcome all or part of the problems mentioned above by providing a towing device ensuring the cable not to bend beyond a minimum radius of curvature and facilitating the passage of towed body through the fairlead.
  • the invention also makes it possible to dispense with an articulated arm intended to grip a towed body before it reaches the fairlead during the ascent of the cable.
  • the subject of the invention is a towing device intended to equip the deck of a ship and comprising a winch, a cable and a fairlead, the cable circulating in the fairlead under the action of the winch, characterized in that that the fairlead comprises at least a first and a second sector, the sectors for guiding the cable in a groove formed in each of the sectors, a first joint with a degree of freedom in rotation about an axis, the joint connecting the two sectors, the axis being substantially perpendicular to a direction in which the cable extends substantially in the fairlead at the joint, means for limiting the angular movement of the joint, and in that the sectors and the limiting means are dimensioned so as to prevent the cable from exceeding a lower limit of radius of curvature.
  • the invention is described in relation to the towing of a sonar by a surface vessel. It is understood that the invention can be implemented for other towed elements.
  • the figure 1 represents a ship 10 pulling an active sonar 11 including an acoustic emission antenna 12 often called fish and an acoustic receiving antenna 13 often called flute.
  • the sonar 11 also comprises a cable 14 for towing the two antennas 12 and 13.
  • the cable also provides the routing of signals and power supplies between the ship and the antennas 12 and 13 of the sonar 11.
  • the antennas 12 and 13 are mechanically secured and electrically and / or optically connected to the cable 14 in an appropriate manner.
  • the receiving antenna 13 is formed of a tubular linear antenna identical to those found in passive sonars, hence its name flute, while the transmitting antenna 12 is integrated in a volume structure having a shape similar to that of a fish.
  • the reception flute is generally arranged at the rear, at the end of the cable 14, the fish being positioned on the part of the cable 14 closest to the ship 10.
  • the antenna 12 emits sound waves in the water and the receiving antenna 13 picks up possible echoes from targets on which the sound waves originating from the antenna 12 are reflected.
  • the receiving antenna 13 is generally permanently secured to the cable 14 while the fish 12 is, in turn, removably secured.
  • the cable 14 comprises a docking area 15 of the fish 12, zone in which are implanted means for fixing mechanically the fish 12 and to make its electrical and / or optical connection to the cable 14.
  • the launching and the exit of the water from the antennas 12 and 13 is carried out by means of a winch 16 arranged on a deck 17 of the ship 10.
  • the winch 16 comprises a drum 18 sized to allow the winding of the cable 14 as well as the receiving antenna 13.
  • the winding of the cable 14 makes it possible to haul the fish 12 aboard the ship 10, for example on a rear platform 19 provided for this purpose.
  • a fairlead 20 guides the cable 14 downstream of the drum 18.
  • the fairlead 20 is the last guide element of the cable 14 before its descent into the water.
  • the inclination of the cable 14 may vary with respect to the longitudinal axis of the ship 10. The variations of inclination are in particular due to the changes of heading and speed of the ship and also to the state of the sea.
  • functions of the fairlead 20 is to ensure the cable 14 that its radius of curvature does not exceed a lower limit.
  • the cable 14 comprises for example a core formed of electrical and / or optical conductors for transmitting energy and information between sonar equipment located on board the ship 10 and the antennas 12 and 13.
  • the core of the cable 14 is generally covered with a strand of metal son ensuring the mechanical strength of the cable 14 including traction. Below the lower limit of curvature, there is a risk of permanent deformations or breaks in components of the cable 14.
  • the Figures 2, 3 and 4 represent the fairlead 20 when a fish 12, attached to the cable 14, passes through it.
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view
  • the figure 3 is a view in a plane in which a curvature of the cable 14
  • the figure 4 is a sectional view in a plane perpendicular to the cable 14.
  • fairlead 20 comprises at least two sectors articulated to each other.
  • the fairlead 20 comprises three sectors 21, 22 and 23. A greater number of sectors is of course possible without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • Each of the sectors comprises a groove, 24 for the sector 21, 25 for the sector 22 and 26 for the sector 23. These grooves allowing guide the cable 14 all along the fairlead 20. They are substantially in the extension of one another.
  • Each of the sectors 21, 22 and 23 extends substantially in the direction of the cable 14 while allowing a curvature of the cable 14.
  • Each of the sectors 21, 22 and 23 is dimensioned so as to limit the maximum curvature of the cable 14.
  • the fairlead 20 comprises a hinge 27 connecting the sectors 21 and 22.
  • the hinge 27 has only one degree of freedom in rotation about an axis 28 substantially perpendicular to a direction in which the cable 14 s' extends substantially in the fairlead at the hinge 27.
  • the hinge having a degree of freedom in rotation is also called pivot connection.
  • the fairlead 20 comprises a hinge 29 connecting the sectors 22 and 23.
  • the hinge 29 has only one degree of freedom in rotation about an axis 30 substantially perpendicular to a direction in which the cable 14 s' extends substantially in the fairlead at the joint 29.
  • the axes 28 and 30 of the two joints 27 and 29 remain parallel to each other during the rotation of the sectors 21, 22 and 23 relative to each other.
  • the axes 28 and 30 are perpendicular to the plane of the figure 3 .
  • the fairlead 20 comprises means for limiting their angular deflection. More specifically, the sectors 21, 22 and 23 can abut against each other in order to limit the angular displacement of each of the joints 27 and 29. This abutment of the sectors 21, 22 and 23 also limits the radius In other words, the radius of curvature of the cable 14 is limited both by the shape and the dimensions of the sectors taken separately and by the maximum amplitude of the movement of the sectors between them.
  • the different sectors 21, 22 and 23 allow a change of direction of the cable 14 in the plane of the figure 3 .
  • each of the sectors 21, 22 and 23 can be defined so that they allow a change of direction of the cable 14 by a maximum of 30 °.
  • the fairlead 20 limits the radius of curvature of the cable 14 during this change of direction.
  • the fairlead 20 will be arranged so that the joints 27 and 29 are horizontal.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to tilt the cable 14 in a substantially horizontal direction relative to the ship 10 towards a substantially vertical direction.
  • the horizontal direction is for example that taken by the cable 14 upstream of the fairlead 20 between the drum 18 and the fairlead 20.
  • the vertical direction is for example that taken by the cable 14 downstream of the fairlead 20, when the cable 14 enters in water.
  • a change of direction of 90 ° is obtained when the ship 10 is at a standstill or during the immersion of a towed body.
  • the cable 14 thus plunges into the water vertically.
  • the sectors 21, 22 and 23 are then all abut against each other. When the ship 10 is gaining speed, the cable 14 tilts to reduce the inclination of the change of direction.
  • the sectors 21, 22 and 23 are no longer in abutment against each other and pivot between them around the joints 27 and 29.
  • This fixed provision of the sector 21 with respect to the ship 10 nevertheless has a drawback when the course of the ship is modified.
  • the cable 14 must then change direction with respect to the heading of the ship.
  • This change of direction may for example be obtained by means of a trumpet shape of the last sector of the fairlead 20 which, in the example shown, is the sector 23.
  • This trumpet shape does not allow significant changes in direction.
  • the first sector 21 is hinged relative to the ship 10 to allow a greater amplitude of change of direction of the cable 14 when the ship 10 changes course. Such articulation also allows better guidance of the cable 14 over the entire length of the fairlead 20 and in particular in the last sector 23.
  • the fairlead 20 comprises a frame and a hinge 40 with a degree of freedom in rotation about an axis 31, the hinge 40 connecting the sector 21 and the frame.
  • the frame can be fixed on the ship 10, for example on the rear platform 19 or on a trancouver for the correct storage of the cable 14 on the drum 18.
  • it is all of the fairlead 20 which translational movements parallel to the axis of the drum 18 to properly store the cable 14 on the drum 18.
  • the axis 31 is included in a plane 32 perpendicular to the axis 28 of the hinge 27. It s' is the plan of the figure 3 which is also materialized on the figure 4 .
  • the plane 32 can incline with respect to a vertical plane of the ship 10, especially when the ship 10 changes course.
  • the inclination of the plane 32 is obtained when the articulation 40 pivots.
  • the fairlead 20 pivots around the articulation 40 as a function of the direction of the forces exerted on the cable 14.
  • the axis 31 may be parallel to the direction that follows the cable 14 between the fairlead 20 and the winch 16. This arrangement of the joint 40 nevertheless leads to a lateral deflection of the cable 14 in the sector 21.
  • the shaft 31 preferably intersects the groove 24 at a point 41 where the cable 14 is provided to come into contact with the groove 24 on the side of the winch 16. This orientation of the axis 31 makes it possible to significantly improve the control of the point actual entry into contact between the cable 14 and the sector 21. It is then easier to properly manage the position of the cable 14 between the fairlead 20 and the winch 16 and thus avoid the problems of bad winding of turns of the cable 14 on the drum 18.
  • the corresponding grooves 24, 25 and 26 have substantially constant sections.
  • the groove 24 has a section having the shape of the letter C open laterally, that is to say open along an axis 33 substantially perpendicular to the plane 32.
  • the opening 34 of the groove 24 allows possibly to insert the cable 14 in the fairlead 20.
  • the opening 34 allows especially to pass a fixing 35 of the fish 12 along the fairlead 20.
  • the fish 12 can thus be reassembled on board the ship 10 and be unhooked from the cable between the fairlead 20 and the winch 16. In this situation the position of the fish 12 with respect to the ship 10 can be perfectly known and mastered.
  • the only parameter that can influence the position of the fish 12 is the control of the winch 16. It is thus possible to dispense with an articulated arm to maneuver the fish aboard the ship 10, in particular to hang and unhook the cable 14.
  • the figures 5 , 6 and 7 represent several variants of fairlead in section through the plane 32. These figures are shown in section in a plane passing through the axis of the cable 14, considering that the boat follows a substantially rectilinear course.
  • the cable 14 is substantially horizontal upstream of the fairlead 20 between the drum 18 and the fairlead 20. Downstream of the fairlead the cable tilts 1 ° downwards. This value has been chosen so that the cable 14 is firmly supported on one of the faces of the groove of the first sector 21. It is understood that the fairleads shown in these figures can be used for other angle values.
  • the grooves of the different sectors 21, 22 and 23 have constant sections over most of the sector considered, with the exception of entry and exit areas of the sector in which the groove can be chamfered to avoid any risk of injuring the cable 14.
  • the groove of the sector 21 has two bearing zones 36 and 37 against which the cable 14 can rest.
  • the two zones 36 and 37 have a curvature centered both on a point 38 located below the fairlead 20.
  • the radius of curvature of the zone 36 is defined by the minimum radius of curvature below which the cable 14 must not be bent.
  • the other sectors 22 and 23 have identical zones of contact with the cable 14 and are therefore identified in the same way: 36 and 37.
  • This variant has a utility when the inclination of the cable 14 is practically some downward downstream of the fairlead, which is most often the case during a towing operation.
  • each sector comprises a substantially flat upper support zone 38, which makes it possible to better distribute the contact between the cable and the sectors when the cable rises downstream of the fairlead 20 until it comes into contact with each other.
  • One or more bearing surfaces 38 There is thus less risk of wear of the areas where the cable 14 rubs in the groove.
  • each sector comprises an upper bearing zone 39 whose curvature is inverted relative to that of the lower zone 36 to allow the cable 14 to rise upstream downstream of the fairlead during repeated use. It is useful in this variant to provide a possible abutment of the three sectors between them to prevent the cable exceeds a limit curvature upwards.
  • the figure 8 represents the fairlead of the figure 7 in a position where the cable 14 has an inclination of 31 ° downwardly downstream of the fairlead 20.
  • the cable 14 is wound on the drum 18 by successive layers and in one of the last layers, the inclination the cable between the drum 18 and the fairlead 20 increases relative to the first layer.
  • the sector 21 is sized to allow the entry of the cable 14 whatever the layer on the drum 18.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Schleppvorrichtung, die zur Ausstattung der Brücke eines Schiffs (10) vorgesehen ist, umfassend eine Winde (16), ein Seil (14) und eine Klüse (20), wobei das Seil (14) unter der Wirkung der Winde (16) in der Klüse (20) zirkuliert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Klüse (20) mindestens einen ersten und einen zweiten Sektor (21, 22) aufweist, wobei die Sektoren erlauben, das Seil (14) in einer Rille (24, 25) zu führen, die in jeden der Sektoren (21, 22) eingearbeitet ist, ein erstes Gelenk (27) mit einem Rotationsfreiheitsgrad um eine Achse (28), wobei das Gelenk (27) die zwei Sektoren (21, 22) verbindet, wobei die Achse (28) etwa senkrecht zu einer Richtung ist, in der sich das Seil (14) etwa in der Klüse (20) im Bereich des Gelenks (27) erstreckt, Begrenzungsmittel des Winkelausschlags des Gelenks (27), und dass die Sektoren (21, 22) und die Begrenzungsmittel derart bemessen sind, dass es dem Seil (14) untersagt ist, eine untere Grenze eines Krümmungsradius zu überschreiten.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen dritten Sektor (23) und ein zweites Gelenk (29) mit einem Rotationsfreiheitsgrad um eine Achse (30) umfasst, wobei das zweite Gelenk (29) den zweiten mit dem dritten Sektor verbindet, wobei die Achse (30) des zweiten Gelenks parallel zur Achse (28) des ersten Gelenks (27) ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Klüse (20) ein Gestell und ein drittes Gelenk (40) mit einem Rotationsfreiheitsgrad um eine Achse (31) umfasst, wobei das dritte Gelenk (40) den ersten Sektor (21) und das Gestell verbindet, wobei sich die Achse (31) des dritten Gelenks (40) in einer Ebene (32) befinden, die senkrecht zur Achse (28) des ersten Gelenks (27) ist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Achse (31) des dritten Gelenks (40) die Rille (24) des ersten Sektors (21) an einem Punkt schneidet, wo vorgesehen ist, dass das Seil (14) mit der Rille (24) des ersten Sektors (21) auf der Seite der Winde (16) in Kontakt kommt.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rillen (24, 25, 26) der verschiedenen Sektoren (21, 22, 23) etwa konstante Abschnitte mit der Form des seitlich geöffneten Buchstabens C haben.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der Rillen (24, 25, 26) eine untere Stützzone (36) und eine obere Stützzone (37, 38, 39) besitzt, auf denen sich das Seil (14) abstützen kann, und dass die untere Stützzone (36) eine Krümmung hat, die auf einem Punkt (38) zentriert ist, der sich unter der Klüse (20) befindet.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die obere Stützzone (38) etwa eben ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die obere Stützzone (39) eine Krümmung besitzt, die im Verhältnis zu der der unteren Stützzone (36) umgekehrt ist.
EP12783607.0A 2011-11-10 2012-11-08 Schleppvorrichtung mit einer schwenkbarem klüse Active EP2776309B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1103427A FR2982579B1 (fr) 2011-11-10 2011-11-10 Dispositif de remorquage a chaumard articule
PCT/EP2012/072188 WO2013068497A1 (fr) 2011-11-10 2012-11-08 Dispositif de remorquage a chaumard articule

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2776309A1 EP2776309A1 (de) 2014-09-17
EP2776309B1 true EP2776309B1 (de) 2016-01-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12783607.0A Active EP2776309B1 (de) 2011-11-10 2012-11-08 Schleppvorrichtung mit einer schwenkbarem klüse

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9682749B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2776309B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2012334019B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2855219C (de)
FR (1) FR2982579B1 (de)
SG (1) SG11201402274QA (de)
WO (1) WO2013068497A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013105593A1 (de) * 2013-05-30 2014-12-04 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Verbringvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ausbringen und Einholen eines Schleppsonars
FR3009271B1 (fr) * 2013-08-02 2016-11-04 Thales Sa Dispositif de remorquage a chaumard en deux parties
FR3026714B1 (fr) * 2014-10-01 2018-01-26 Thales Objet immerge suspendu a un cable de remorquage optimise pour neutraliser des forces hydrodynamiques pertubatrices
USD807808S1 (en) * 2016-05-10 2018-01-16 Richard Allen Heaton Underwater towing device
FR3057241B1 (fr) * 2016-10-06 2018-11-30 Thales Chaumard a ouverture automatique et dispositif de remorquage comprenant le chaumard
JP7564692B2 (ja) * 2020-11-24 2024-10-09 ニデックインスツルメンツ株式会社 産業用ロボット

Family Cites Families (11)

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US892896A (en) * 1908-03-12 1908-07-07 Ney Mfg Company Hoist.
US2432278A (en) * 1944-05-17 1947-12-09 American Chain & Cable Co Target towing device
US3588051A (en) * 1969-05-28 1971-06-28 Howard M Leeming Towing cable control apparatus
US4129270A (en) * 1977-06-13 1978-12-12 The Boeing Company Air refueling boom pivot gimbal arrangements
US4455961A (en) * 1982-06-25 1984-06-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Overboarding fixture
FR2594406A1 (fr) * 1986-02-20 1987-08-21 Technip Geoproduction Dispositif de largage rapide et de recuperation d'une amarre notamment pour plate-forme petroliere
SE508477C2 (sv) * 1997-03-14 1998-10-12 Bofors Underwater Syst Ab Kabelskydd
IT1317520B1 (it) * 2000-05-11 2003-07-09 Traversa Ezio Plastici Elementi componibili ed orientabili per canaline passacavi.
US6817595B1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2004-11-16 Fmc Technologies, Inc. Swing arm chain support method
US7926436B2 (en) * 2009-01-15 2011-04-19 Sofec Inc. Dual axis chain support with chain pull through
NO330879B1 (no) * 2009-01-23 2011-08-08 I P Huse As Anordning ved fairlead

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2776309A1 (de) 2014-09-17
US20140326170A1 (en) 2014-11-06
CA2855219A1 (en) 2013-05-16
AU2012334019A1 (en) 2014-07-03
AU2012334019B2 (en) 2017-04-13
CA2855219C (en) 2020-03-10
FR2982579B1 (fr) 2015-12-25
SG11201402274QA (en) 2014-09-26
US9682749B2 (en) 2017-06-20
WO2013068497A1 (fr) 2013-05-16
FR2982579A1 (fr) 2013-05-17

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