EP2774680B1 - Äußere Brechwerkschale für Kreiselbrecher - Google Patents

Äußere Brechwerkschale für Kreiselbrecher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2774680B1
EP2774680B1 EP14155672.0A EP14155672A EP2774680B1 EP 2774680 B1 EP2774680 B1 EP 2774680B1 EP 14155672 A EP14155672 A EP 14155672A EP 2774680 B1 EP2774680 B1 EP 2774680B1
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Prior art keywords
region
contact surface
shell
axis
relative
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EP14155672.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2774680A1 (de
Inventor
Andreas Christoffersson
Mikael Lindberg
Jonny Hansson
Torbjörn NILSSON-WULFF
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Sandvik Intellectual Property AB
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Sandvik Intellectual Property AB
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Priority claimed from PCT/EP2013/054680 external-priority patent/WO2014135215A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
    • B02C2/005—Lining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
    • B02C2/02—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
    • B02C2/02—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved
    • B02C2/04—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
    • B02C2/02—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved
    • B02C2/04—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis
    • B02C2/06—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis and with top bearing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gyratory crusher outer crushing shell and in particular, although not exclusively, to a crushing shell having a radially inward projecting shoulder positioned axially intermediate between an upper inlet region and a lower crushing region, the inlet, shoulder and crushing region being optimised to increase the capacity and reduction effect of the crusher.
  • Gyratory crushers are used for crushing ore, mineral and rock material to smaller sizes.
  • the crusher comprises a crushing head mounted upon an elongate main shaft.
  • a first crushing shell (typically referred to as a mantle) is mounted on the crushing head and a second crushing shell (typically referred to as a concave) is mounted on a frame such that the first and second crushing shells define together a crushing chamber through which the material to be crushed is passed.
  • a driving device positioned at a lower region of the main shaft is configured to rotate an eccentric assembly positioned about the shaft to cause the crushing head to perform a gyratory pendulum movement and crush the material introduced in the crushing chamber.
  • Example gyratory crushers are described in WO 2004/110626 ; WO 2008/140375 , WO 2010/123431 , US 2009/0008489 , GB 1570015 , US 6,536,693 , JP 2004-136252 , US 1,791,584 , WO 03/099443 and WO 2012/005651 .
  • a crucher according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from WO 2005/04 6873 A1 .
  • Gyratory crushers are typically designed to maximise crushing efficiency that represents a compromise between crushing capacity (the throughput of material to be crushed) and crushing reduction (the breakdown of material to smaller sizes). This is particularly true for heavy-duty primary crushers designed for mining applications.
  • the capacity and reduction may be adjusted by a variety of factors including in particular size of the crushing chamber, the eccentric mounting of the main shaft and the shape, configuration and setting of the opposed crushing shells.
  • the design of the outer crushing shell has a significant effect on the capacity and reduction of the crusher.
  • an outer crushing shell with an inner facing contact surface that tapers inwardly towards the mantle acts to accelerate the through-flow of material.
  • conventional designs of this type fall short of optimising capacity whilst increasing reduction and there is therefore a need for an improved outer crushing shell with improved performance.
  • the objectives are achieved, in part, by providing an outer crushing shell that is designed to decrease the throughput capacity via a shelf or shoulder region that restricts the flow of material through the crushing chamber in the gap between the opposed crushing shells.
  • the creation of the shelf region is further advantageous to reduce the axial length of the shell which in turn decreases the available crushing surface area that is orientated to be radially inward facing towards the inner crushing shell.
  • restricting the capacity and crushing force area acts to increase the pressure in the crushing chamber in the gap region to increase the reduction effect.
  • the present crushing shell may be considered to comprise three regions spatially positioned in the axial direction between a shell uppermost end and a lowermost end.
  • the present shell comprises an inlet region extending axially downward from the uppermost end, a crushing region extending axially upward from the lowermost end and a shoulder region positioned axially between the inlet and crushing regions.
  • a gyratory crusher outer crushing shell comprising a main body mountable within a region of a topshell frame of a gyratory crusher, the main body extending around a central longitudinal axis the main body having a mount surface being outward facing relative to the axis for positioning against at least a part of the topshell frame and a contact surface being inward facing relative to the axis to contact material to be crushed, at least one wall defined by and extending between the mount surface and the contact surface, the wall having a first upper axial end and a second lower axial end; an orientation of the contact surface extending from the first end being inclined so as to project radially inward towards the axis in the axially downward direction to define an inlet region; an axially lowermost part of the inlet region is terminated by a shoulder region, a contact surface at the shoulder region being inclined so as to project radially inward towards the axis from the contact surface of the inlet region in an axial
  • the angle of inclination of the contact surface of the inlet region is in the range 1 to 40° relative to the axis.
  • the angle of inclination of the contact surface of the inlet region is in the range 4 to 12° relative to the axis.
  • the angle of inclination of the contact surface of the shoulder region is in the range 45 to 90° relative to the axis.
  • the angle of inclination of the contact surface of the shoulder region is in the range 65 to 75° relative to the axis.
  • an angle of inclination of the contact surface of the shoulder region is three to fifteen times greater than the angle of inclination of the contact surface of the inlet region relative to the axis.
  • the inlet region extends directly from the first upper axial end in the axial direction and the shoulder region extends directly from an axially lowermost part of the inlet region in the axial direction such that the contact surface comprises two surface regions of different inclination in the axial direction over the inlet region and the shoulder region from the first upper axial end.
  • the crushing face comprises an axial length in the range of 40 to 85% of a total axial length of the main body from the first lower axial end to second lower axial end.
  • a distance by which the contact surface at the shoulder region projects radially inward from a radially innermost region of the contact surface of the inlet region is optionally 5% to 90% and preferably 20% to 80%, 30% to 70%, 40% to 70%, 40% to 60%, 50% to 60% of a total radial thickness of the wall between the radially innermost shoulder part and the mount surface.
  • a radially innermost part of the shoulder region is positioned in an upper 45%, 50% or 60% of an axial length of the main body closest to the first end and preferably in the range 5% to 30% of an axial length of the main body closest to the first end or 5% to 45%, 5% to 50% or 5% to 60%.
  • a radially innermost part of the shoulder region is positioned at a region in the range 20 to 60% and preferably 20 to 45% of an axial length of the main body from the first end.
  • the shell comprises one inlet region and one shoulder region such that the shell comprises two inclined contact surfaces relative to axis and one declined contact surface relative to axis.
  • a gyratory crusher comprising a crushing shell as described herein.
  • gyratory crusher encompasses primary, secondary and tertiary crushers in addition to encompassing cone crushers.
  • a crusher comprises a frame 100 having an upper frame 101 and a lower frame 102.
  • a crushing head 103 is mounted upon an elongate shaft 107.
  • a first (inner) crushing shell 105 is fixably mounted on crushing head 103 and a second (outer) crushing shell 106 is fixably mounted at upper frame 101.
  • a crushing zone 104 is formed between the opposed crushing shells 105, 106.
  • a discharge zone 109 is positioned immediately below crushing zone 104 and is defined, in part, by lower frame 102.
  • a drive (not shown) is coupled to main shaft 107 via a drive shaft 108 and suitable gearing 116 so as to rotate shaft 107 eccentrically about longitudinal axis 115 and to cause head 103 and mantle 105 to perform a gyratory pendulum movement and crush material introduced into crushing chamber 104.
  • An upper end region of shaft 107 is maintained in an axially rotatable position by a top-end bearing assembly 112 positioned intermediate between main shaft 107 and a central boss 117.
  • a bottom end 118 of shaft 107 is supported by a bottom-end bearing assembly 119.
  • Upper frame 101 is divided into a topshell 111, mounted upon lower frame 102 (alternatively termed a bottom shell), and a spider assembly 114 that extends from topshell 111 and represents an upper portion of the crusher.
  • the spider 114 comprises two diametrically opposed arms 110 that extend radially outward from central boss 117 positioned on longitudinal axis 115. Arms 110 are attached to an upper region of topshell 111 via an intermediate annular flange (or rim) 113 that is centred on axis 115.
  • arms 110 and topshell 111 form a unitary structure and are formed integrally.
  • the alignment of outer crushing shell 106 at topshell 111 is achieved by an intermediate spacer ring 120 that extends circumferentially around axis 115 and is positioned axially intermediate between spider 114 and topshell 111. Accordingly, an axially uppermost first end 124 of outer shell 106 is positioned radially inward within the circumference of spacer ring 120. An axially lowermost second end 125 of shell 106 is positioned just below a lowermost part of topshell 111 and approximately at the junction between bottom shell 102 and topshell 111.
  • Outer shell 106 principally comprises three regions in the axial direction: an uppermost inlet region 121 extending from first end 124; a crushing region 123 extending from second end 125 and a shoulder region 122 positioned axially intermediate between inlet region 121 and crushing region 123.
  • inlet region 121 comprises a radially outward facing mount surface 201 that is aligned substantially parallel with axis 115.
  • An opposed radially inward facing contact surface 200 is inclined radially inward from first end 124 such that a wall thickness of shell 106 at inlet region 121 increases uniformly from first end 124 to an axially lowermost base region 401 as shown in figure 4 .
  • the base region 401 of inlet region 121 terminates at shoulder region 122.
  • Shoulder region 122 comprises a corresponding inward facing contact surface 203 that projects radially inward from inlet contact surface 200 to define a shelf 204 that represents a radially innermost region of shell 104.
  • Crushing region 123 extends immediately below shoulder region 122 and also comprises inward facing contact surface 205 and an opposed outward facing mount surface 206.
  • Contact surface 205 is orientated to be declined and projects away from axis 115 and towards topshell 111.
  • An axially lowermost part 209 of crushing region 123 comprises a radially outward facing mount surface 207 configured for close mating contact against a radially inward facing surface 208 of a lower region of topshell 111 such that shell 106 is mounted against topshell 111 via contact between opposed surfaces 207, 208.
  • a wall thickness of shell 106 increases from uppermost first end 124 over the axial length of inlet region 121 due to the inclined (or radially inward tapering) contact surface 200.
  • the shell wall thickness increases further at shoulder region 122 via radially inward tapering contact surface 203.
  • the wall thickness of shell 106 is then approximately uniform along the axial length of crushing region 123 until lowermost region 209 where the wall thickness projects radially outward to create a mounting flange 210 for contact and mounting against topshell 111.
  • shell 106 extends circumferentially around axis 115.
  • inlet region 121 is substantially cylindrical and the shoulder region 122 and crushing region 123 are generally frusto-conical shaped.
  • shelf 204 is positioned at an axially uppermost part of shell 106 and, in particular, in the top 25% region closest to first end 124 referring to relative axial lengths C and D (where C is the distance between shelf 204 and second lowermost end 125 and D is the distance axially between first uppermost end 124 and second end 125).
  • an angle of inclination a of contact surface 200 is approximately 10° from central axis 115 and an angle of inclination b of contact surface 203 is approximately 70° from central axis 115.
  • both contact surfaces 200, 203 are substantially linear and extend circumferentially around axis 115.
  • the junction between surfaces 200, 203 comprises a slight curvature.
  • Distance F represents the maximum wall thickness of shell 106 at inlet region 121.
  • Distance F is defined as the distance between outward facing mount surface 201 and radially inward facing contact surface 200 at the inlet base region 401 representing the point of intersection of respective contact surfaces 200, 203.
  • Radial distance E is defined as the distance between intersection point 400 and the radially innermost point 204 of the shoulder region 122.
  • a ratio of E to F according to the specific implementation is 1:0.8. That is, the distance E is approximately 55% of the total wall thickness (E+F) between the mount surface 201 and the radially innermost point of the shoulder region 204.
  • the combined and respective inclination of surfaces 200 and 203 via angles a and b serve to accelerate the throughput as material falls through inlet region 121 and is directed radially inward over shelf 124.
  • increasing the radial length E of shelf 204 decreases the crushing capacity.
  • the present configuration as illustrated in figures 1 to 4 is therefore optimised to control the capacity of the crusher and achieve a predetermined level specific to a particular application.
  • incorporating inlet region 121 and shoulder region 122 decreases the axial length of crushing surface 205 from length D to length C.
  • the surface area of crushing surface 205 (that is approximately frusto-conical shaped) is therefore reduced which acts to increase the pressure in crushing region 104 where the crushing forces are applied during operation.
  • angle a of contact surface 200 relative to angle b of contact surface 203 defines the inlet 121 and shoulder 122 regions with these regions being significant to control capacity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Äußere Brechhülle (106) eines Kreiselbrechers, mit:
    einem in einem Bereich eines oberen Deckelrahmens (111) eines Kreiselbrechers montierbaren Hauptteil, wobei der Hauptteil sich um eine zentrale Längsachse (115) herum erstreckt,
    wobei der Hauptteil eine Befestigungsfläche (201, 206, 207) hat, die relativ zu der Achse (115) nach außen weist, um diese an zumindest einem Teil des oberen Deckelrahmens (111) anzuordnen, und eine Kontaktfläche (200, 203, 205) hat, die relativ zu der Achse (115) nach innen weist, um mit zu brechendem Material in Kontakt zu treten, wobei zumindest eine Wand zwischen der Befestigungsfläche (201, 206, 207) und der Kontaktfläche (200, 203, 205) definiert wird und sich zwischen diesen erstreckt, wobei die Wand ein erstes oberes axiales Ende (124) und ein zweites unteres axiales Ende (125) hat,
    mit einer Ausrichtung der Kontaktfläche (200), die sich von dem ersten Ende (124) aus erstreckt, sodass sie in Richtung der Achse (115) axial nach unten radial einwärts vorsteht, um einen Einlassbereich (121) zu definieren,
    wobei ein axial am weitesten unten liegender Teil (401) des Einlassbereiches (121) durch einen Schulterabschnitt (122) abgeschlossen wird, wobei eine Kontaktfläche (203) an dem Schulterabschnitt (122) derart geneigt ist, dass sie von der Kontaktfläche (200) des Einlassbereiches (121) radial nach innen in Richtung der Achse (115) und axial nach unten vorsteht,
    mit einem Neigungswinkel (a) der Kontaktfläche (200) des Einlassbereiches (121) relativ zu der Achse (115), der geringer ist als ein Neigungswinkel (b) der Kontaktfläche (203) des Schulterbereiches (122) relativ zu der Achse,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Brechhülle (106) einen einzelnen Schulterbereich (122) aufweist, der den Einlassbereich (121) abschließt bzw. begrenzt, wobei die Kontaktfläche (205) von einem axial am weitesten unten liegenden Teil des Schulterbereiches (122) zu dem zweiten unteren axialen Ende (125) eine Brechfläche definiert, die sich unmittelbar von dem axial am weitesten unten liegenden Teil einer Kontaktfläche (203) an dem Schulterbereich (122) aus erstreckt, wobei die Brechfläche so ausgerichtet ist, dass sie genigt verläuft, sodass sie relativ zu der Achse in Richtung nach unten von dem Schulterbereich (122) zu dem zweiten unteren axialen Ende (125) radial nach außen ragt.
  2. Hülle nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Neigungswinkel (a) der Kontaktfläche (200) des Einlassbereiches (121) in dem Bereich von 1 bis 40° relativ zu der Achse liegt.
  3. Hülle nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Neigungswinkel (a) der Kontaktfläche (200) des Einlassbereiches (121) relativ zu der Achse in dem Bereich von 4 bis 12° liegt.
  4. Hülle nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Neigungswinkel (b) der Kontaktfläche (203) des Schulterbereiches (122) relativ zu der Achse in dem Bereich von 45 bis 90° liegt.
  5. Hülle nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Neigungswinkel (b) der Kontaktfläche (203) des Schulterbereiches (122) relativ zu der Achse in dem Bereich von 65 bis 75° liegt.
  6. Hülle nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Neigungswinkel (b) der Kontaktfläche (203) des Schulterbereiches (122) drei- bis fünfzehnmal größer ist als der Neigungswinkel (a) der Kontaktfläche (200) des Einlassbereiches (122) relativ zu der Achse (115).
  7. Hülle nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Einlassbereich (121) sich direkt von dem ersten oberen axialen Ende (124) in axialer Richtung erstreckt und der Schulterbereich (122) sich direkt von einem axial am weitesten unten liegenden Teil des Einlassbereiches (121) in axialer Richtung erstreckt, sodass die Kontaktfläche am oberen axialen Ende (124) zwei Flächenbereiche unterschiedlicher Neigung in axialer Richtung über den Einlassbereich und den Schulterbereich hinweg aufweist.
  8. Hülle nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Brechfläche eine axiale Länge (C) aufweist, die in dem Bereich von 40 bis 85% der gesamten axialen Länge (D) des Hauptteils von dem ersten oberen axialen Ende (124) zu dem zweiten unteren axialen Ende (125) liegt.
  9. Hülle nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein Abstand (E), um welchen die Kontaktfläche (203) an dem Schulterbereich (122) von einem radial am weitesten innenliegenden Bereich (400) der Kontaktfläche (200) des Einlassbereiches (121) an dem Schulterbereich (122) radial nach innen vorsteht, 5% bis 90% einer gesamten radialen Dicke der Wand zwischen dem radial am weitesten innenliegenden Schulterteil (204) und der Befestigungsoberfläche (201, 206) beträgt.
  10. Hülle nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Verhältnis eines Abstandes (E), um welchen die Kontaktfläche (203) an dem Schulterbereich (122) radial nach innen von einem radial am weitesten innenliegenden Bereich (400) der Kontaktfläche (200) des Einlassbereiches (121) vorsteht, 40% bis 70% der gesamten radialen Dicke der Wand zwischen dem am weitesten innenliegenden Schulterteil (204) und der Befestigungsfläche (201, 206) beträgt.
  11. Hülle nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein radial am weitesten innenliegender Teil (204) des Schulterbereiches (122) innerhalb der oberen 60% der axialen Länge (D) des Hauptteiles, die dem ersten Ende (124) am nächsten liegen, angeordnet ist.
  12. Hülle nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein radial am weitesten innenliegender Teil (204) des Schulterbereiches (122) in einem Bereich von 20 bis 45% der axialen Länge (D) des Hauptteiles von dem ersten Ende (124) aus angeordnet ist.
  13. Hülle nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, welche zumindest einen Einlassbereich (121) und einen Schulterbereich (122) aufweist, sodass die Hülle (106) relativ zu der Achse (115) zwei einwärts geneigte Kontaktflächen (200, 203) und eine relativ zu der Achse (115) abfallende Kontaktfläche (205) aufweist.
  14. Kreiselbrecher mit einer Brechhülle (106) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche.
EP14155672.0A 2013-03-08 2014-02-19 Äußere Brechwerkschale für Kreiselbrecher Active EP2774680B1 (de)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14155672.0A EP2774680B1 (de) 2013-03-08 2014-02-19 Äußere Brechwerkschale für Kreiselbrecher

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/054680 WO2014135215A1 (en) 2013-03-08 2013-03-08 Gyratory crusher outer crushing shell
EP14155672.0A EP2774680B1 (de) 2013-03-08 2014-02-19 Äußere Brechwerkschale für Kreiselbrecher

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EP2774680A1 EP2774680A1 (de) 2014-09-10
EP2774680B1 true EP2774680B1 (de) 2016-02-17

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ2019506A3 (cs) * 2019-08-06 2020-09-02 ATEA PRAHA,s.r.o. Kuželový drtič
EP4132711A1 (de) 2020-04-09 2023-02-15 Sandvik SRP AB Armauskleidung für eine kegelbrecher-unterschalenanordnung
WO2021223868A1 (en) 2020-05-07 2021-11-11 Sandvik Srp Ab An inner shell for a cone crusher
EP4108335A1 (de) 2021-06-24 2022-12-28 Sandvik SRP AB Verschleissfeste auskleidung für einen kegelbrecher

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1791584A (en) 1929-12-09 1931-02-10 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Cone crusher
GB566840A (en) * 1943-08-20 1945-01-16 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Improvements in or relating to gyratory crushers and wearing member therefor
DE2052486A1 (de) * 1969-10-27 1971-05-06 Rex Chainbelt Ine , Milwaukee, Wis (VStA) Brechrumpfauskleidung fur Kreiselkegel brecher
GB1570015A (en) 1978-05-23 1980-06-25 Brown Lenox & Co Ltd Gyratory cone crushers
US6536693B2 (en) 2001-01-05 2003-03-25 Sandvik Ab Rock crusher seal
SE525181C2 (sv) * 2002-05-23 2004-12-21 Sandvik Ab För en kross avsedd slitdel samt sätt att framställa denna
JP3866644B2 (ja) 2002-10-21 2007-01-10 株式会社アーステクニカ 旋動式破砕機及び旋動式破砕機の運転方法
SE525341C2 (sv) 2003-06-18 2005-02-08 Sandvik Intellectual Property Sätt och anordning för fasthållning av krossmantel
SE526149C2 (sv) * 2003-11-12 2005-07-12 Sandvik Intellectual Property Slitdel för gyratorisk kross samt sätt att framställa denna
FI117325B (fi) 2004-12-20 2006-09-15 Metso Minerals Tampere Oy Hydraulisesti säädettävä kartiomurskain sekä murskaimen aksiaalilaakeriyhdistelmä
SE531280C2 (sv) 2007-05-16 2009-02-10 Sandvik Intellectual Property Innermantel för en gyratorisk kross, samt sätt att fästa en sådan mantel på ett krosshuvud
SE533698C2 (sv) 2009-04-22 2010-12-07 Sandvik Intellectual Property Gyratorisk kross, därför avsedd yttermantel och förfarande för montering och demontering av yttermanteln
SE535215C2 (sv) 2010-07-09 2012-05-22 Sandvik Intellectual Property Gyratorisk kross med tätningsanordning, samt förfarande för att skydda en arbetszon

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