EP2761238A2 - Method, in particular for generating snow, and device for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Method, in particular for generating snow, and device for carrying out the method

Info

Publication number
EP2761238A2
EP2761238A2 EP12810065.8A EP12810065A EP2761238A2 EP 2761238 A2 EP2761238 A2 EP 2761238A2 EP 12810065 A EP12810065 A EP 12810065A EP 2761238 A2 EP2761238 A2 EP 2761238A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
snow
electrode
excitation
control electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12810065.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2761238B1 (en
Inventor
Samuel Grega
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Okeanos Corp
Original Assignee
Okeanos Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Okeanos Corp filed Critical Okeanos Corp
Priority to RS20180589A priority Critical patent/RS57348B1/en
Priority to PL12810065T priority patent/PL2761238T3/en
Priority to SI201231305T priority patent/SI2761238T1/en
Publication of EP2761238A2 publication Critical patent/EP2761238A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2761238B1 publication Critical patent/EP2761238B1/en
Priority to HRP20180786TT priority patent/HRP20180786T1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
    • F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/044—Snow making using additional features, e.g. additives, liquid gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/048—Snow making by using means for spraying water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method, in particular for the production of snow according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • the invention relates to a new method and a hydraulic, electronic and pneumatic device, in particular for the production of artificial snow, ice or similar technological processes.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY Current methods and devices, particularly for the production of snow or ice, are designed differently depending on the type of water source they have. It is a lake, reservoir, river, reservoir, well u. ⁇ . These resources have advantages as well as disadvantages. There are reservoirs that limit their use in terms of both time and volume.
  • the actual production of artificial snow is done by a combination of suitably arranged water and air nozzles on the snow device (snow gun or other snow-making facilities).
  • the snow gun or other snow making means have a number of embodiments, but their common feature is adjustability in the horizontal and vertical directions, whereby at least one movement can be automatically controlled.
  • the snow gun or other snow forming means has a series of nozzles which are fixed or rotatable and preferably located in front of an air flow source in a directional passage chamber.
  • the disadvantage of these known devices for producing snow or ice is that they are particularly sensitive to the temperature and humidity as well as the temperature and the amount of service water for the production of snow.
  • the snow generated at minus degrees and at 0 ° C degrees is wet, which can not be improved by existing means such as increased elevation, lowering of the amount of water, by pressure change or water cooling.
  • the essence of the new method is that the water used for the production of snow is exposed to an ionization and / or polarization field with the simultaneous action of an electromagnetic alternating field, thereby achieving that the force energy binding of the water molecules in the supermolecular Water structure of service water changed, d. H. decreases.
  • the medium liquid and / or gas
  • the flow rate of the medium in the device can be advantageously regulated.
  • the low-pressure and / or high-pressure part of the hydraulic circuit have in their circle a direct, fixed and / or indirect way via a bypass bypass (bypass) connected to a main excitation device and / or a pressure excitation device with which interrupted the flow of liquid can be.
  • the main excitation device is preferably behind the cleaning device. orderly. It may also be installed with minor benefits anywhere in the hydraulic guide or on the water source in front of the pumping device.
  • the pressure excitation device is preferably connected to the high-pressure device in front of the snow gun and / or another snow-forming device.
  • the main excitation device has an input hydraulic branch with a second controlled opening and closing mechanism, which opens into a distribution branch with at least one temperature measuring device and / or a pressure measuring device in the vicinity of the controlled main opening and closing mechanism. Between the input and the output hydraulic branch excitation facilities are fixed and / or dismountable attached.
  • the output hydraulic branch opens into an intermediate branch which is arranged between a third controlled opening and closing mechanism and a main opening and closing mechanism.
  • the pressure-excitation device consists of a common chamber, in which at the entrance thereof at least one control electrode is fixedly separable and / or flexibly attached. In the flow direction, at the output of the body of the common chamber at least one polarizing electrode is firmly fixed flexibly.
  • the body of the common chamber forms a solid and / or a flexible envelope (layer).
  • the common body consists predominantly of an envelope (layer) which has a coating at least partially on its circumference.
  • the advantage of the device, especially for the production of snow lies in the production of quality snow even at 0 ° C.
  • the generated snow is drier and with a multiple coating no water flows out.
  • the quality of the snow is maintained, even after being polluted by dedicated machinery that compresses the snow layers but does not squeeze the water out of them.
  • sleeper snow there is no requirement for the formation of so-called sleeper snow in the spring months. The generated artificial snow thaws longer, so there is no need for frequent Nachbeschneiung.
  • Fig. 1 is a hydraulic, electronic and pneumatic
  • FIG. 2 shows a concrete embodiment of a hydraulic device with a concrete embodiment of a main excitation device for generating snow with a controlled main opening and closing mechanism with its own control
  • 3 an excitation device on the main excitation device with the image of a high-power source, which is mounted in its own control device and connected in an equivalent embodiment directly to the excitation device,
  • FIG. 5 is a concrete embodiment of a pressure-excitation device or its equivalents, consisting of two successively arranged devices which are mounted in an air chamber with heat insulation, which has a controlled heat in the interior of the hydraulic part and / or in the air chamber,
  • Fig. 6 shows a simplified embodiment of a temperature and / or movement control for the medium
  • Fig. 7 variants of the electromagnetic signal.
  • a high pressure device 3 consists of a pressure line 3.1, which has a number of embodiments. This can be strong and / or flexible, and made of steel, polyethylene, polypropylene, textile, rubber with distribution devices 3.2. consist. To the high pressure device 3, as needed, a Snow cannon 3.3 and / or other snow-making devices 3.4 connected so that are connected to this before the pressure line 3.1 pressure excitation blocks 3.5 with at least one pressure excitation device 3.51.
  • the snow cannon 3.3 has a distributor device 3.31, which is hydraulically connected to a nozzle device 3.32, which is preferably arranged in the intermediate space or at its end on the inside.
  • the nozzle device 3.32 is arranged in the direction of the air flow from an air module 3.33.
  • the distributor device 3.31 is with pressure, temperature, flow and humidity sensors u. ⁇ ., Which have their own control module and algorithm of physical quantities.
  • bar snow blocks 3.4 comprise a second technological distributor device 3.41 connected to a second nozzle device 3.42.
  • the snow cannons 3.3 and the rod snow blocks 3.4 are arranged according to the type of terrain.
  • the low-pressure device 2 of the hydraulic device 1 comprises a pump device, to which a cleaning device is connected, which is fixedly or detachably connected to the main excitation device 2.3. Behind the main excitation device 2.3, a distributor device 2.4 is connected, whose at least one high-pressure pump 23, the low-pressure device 2 separated from the high-pressure device 3.
  • the pump device 2.1 consists of a memory 2.1 1, which is a well, river, lake, reservoir, in which a suction pipe is inserted. Behind the suction device, a filter 2.13 is arranged in front of the pump 2.12.
  • the pump device 2.1 has a number of exemplary embodiments with measuring devices for measuring tion of inflow, temperature, pressure, level u. ⁇ ., Which are preferably electrically connected to the main excitation device 9, as well as the pump 2.12.
  • the cleaning device 2.2 comprises a technological branch on which a first opening and closing mechanism 2.21 is arranged, behind which preferably a filter 2.22 is connected. Behind the filter 2.22, a second opening and closing mechanism 2.23 is arranged.
  • the connection branch comprises a third opening and closing mechanism 2.24.
  • the technological branch is connected to the connection branch behind the pump device 2.12 and behind the second opening and closing mechanism 2.23. Behind the technological branch, a first controlled opening and closing mechanism 4 is arranged, with a connecting branch behind it, which comprises a pressure gauge 5, a venting device 6 and a flow meter 7 in front of the entrance to the distributor device 2.4.
  • the main excitation device 2.3 has at the input hydraulic branch to a second controlled opening and closing mechanism 2.31, which opens into a distribution branch with at least one temperature gauge 2.32 and a pressure gauge 2.33.
  • the distribution branch is located in front of the main opening and closing mechanism 2.34. Between the distribution branch and the output hydraulic branch, at least one excitation device 2.35 is fastened fixedly or separably.
  • the input hydraulic branch opens into an intermediate branch, which connects the third controlled opening and closing mechanism 2.34 to a main opening and closing mechanism 2.36 and to which preferably an output pressure gauge 2.37 is arranged. It is advantageous if at least one venting excitation device 6.1 is connected to the output hydraulic branch.
  • the pressure excitation device 3.5 consists of at least one pressure excitation device 3.51 with a common chamber 3.42, which has at least one control electrode 3.43 in the vicinity of the inlet opening 3.45 and a polarization electrode 3.44 in the vicinity of the outlet opening 3.46.
  • the control electrode 3.43 is mounted flexibly and / or firmly and watertight in a carrier 3.40.
  • This 3.40 carrier is watertight connected to an input sheath (layer) 3,490.
  • the input enclosure 3490 includes an input port 3.45.
  • the polarizing electrode 3.44 is flexibly and / or firmly and waterproof stored in the carrier 3.40.
  • This support 3.40 is watertightly connected to an output enclosure (layer) 3.491 and comprises an exit opening 3.46.
  • the input enclosure (layer) 3490 and the output enclosure (layer) 3.491 are mutually connected via a flexible wrapping material 3.47 flexible coating.
  • a concrete embodiment of the connection provides a coupling 3.48. It is, for example, a hydraulic hose made of plastic rubber. The plastic rubber has a high resistance to wear and environmental influences. It is advantageous if at least a part of the common chamber 3.42 consists of a material with a negative electrochemical potential and / or is arranged outside the deformation envelope (layer) 3.47.
  • the control electrode 3.43 has a cladding 3.41 in the form of a test tube, a tube made of silicate, ceramic u. ⁇ ., In which a rod and / or spiral antenna 3.432 is arranged.
  • the polarizing electrode 3.44 which however has a solid, liquid or gaseous polarizing material 3.441 inside, has a similar design.
  • the cladding 3.41 of the control electrode 3.43 and the cladding of the polarizing electrode 3.44 have a number of designs depending on the load and the type of excitation water (medium). For the lowest load it consists of technical glass with a predominant proportion of S1O2. It is a homogeneous, formless, isotropic, solid and fragile substance in the metastable state a tensile strength of 30 MPa and a density of about 2.53 g cm '3 It is an insulating material with dielectric properties that has polarizing capabilities.
  • Suitable is an oxide sintered ceramic with an Al 2 0 3 content of at least 99.7% or a microstructure of oxygen with a tensile modulus of 380-400 GPa, a crushing strength of at least 300 MPa and a density of 3.8 g cm 3 .
  • the best is a composite ceramic C / SiC, which belongs to the non-oxide technical ceramics and has short carbon fibers, which improve the excellent mechanical and thermal properties of K / SiC.
  • the short carbon fibers may preferably be targeted Example perpendicular to the axis, whereby the material gains anti-isotropic properties
  • the spiral or rod antenna 3.432 is separable or fixedly connected to a high-power source 8 which is connected to a power supply 8.1
  • the high-power source 8 leads into the rod and / or spiral antenna 3.432 electr - Magnetic alternating signal of 100-500 MHz with a strength of 0.1 -2.0 W, when the excitation device ng is in the water.
  • the power supply 8.1 means a 230 V ⁇ source, which is converted into 12 V (24 and so on). It may also be a technical equivalent such. B.
  • the high-power source 8 may also be arranged outside the pressure-excitation device 3.51.
  • An excitation device 2.35 is arranged on the main excitation device 2.3, which corresponds to the elastic pressure excitation device 3.51, which has a common chamber 3.42, in which at least one control electrode is fastened in a watertight manner in the vicinity of the inlet opening 2.45. In the vicinity of the exit opening 2.46, a polarizing electrode 2.44 is fixed or separable and waterproof.
  • a coating, layer or cladding 2.421 of positive electrochemical material (C, Cu, ...) or negative electrochemical material (Al, Fe), depending on the water composition (medium) In the cited embodiment, a bearing housing 2.47 made of non-conductive insulating material, plastic (dielectric). In the specific embodiment, it is polypropylene.
  • the control electrode 2.43 and the polarizing electrode 2.44 are mounted in the carrier 2.40.
  • the control electrode 2.43 has a closed envelope 2.431 in tube form, in which a rod or spiral antenna 2.432 is arranged.
  • the polarizing electrode 2.44 has a similar structure and has inside a solid, liquid or gaseous content 2.441 with a positive and / or a negative electrochemical potential. It is advantageous if, as in a further exemplary embodiment, it has an openable and closable venting and drainage opening. Some elements and nodes forming a new device for the production of snow or ice are connected in an electronic manner to a main control device 9 and a pneumatic device 11. It is z. B. a pump 2.12, high-pressure pump 23, a flow meter 7, temperature and pressure gauges, and measuring devices for other physical quantities.
  • the main excitation node 2.3 has its own control device 10 and pneumatic device 11, both with a first controlled opening and closing mechanism 4, a second controlled opening and closing mechanism 2.31, a controlled main opening and closing mechanism 2.34 and a third opening and closing 2.36 are connected.
  • the own control device 10 is connected to a temperature gauge 2.32, a pressure gauge 2.33 and an output pressure gauge 2.37, or with an outdoor temperature measuring device (not shown in the figure). It is advantageous if the low-pressure hydraulic device 2 has at least one ventilation node 15 behind the excitation device, or if the main excitation device 23 has its own ventilation device 6.1.
  • the term material with positive or negative electrochemical potential means electrode potential E °. Only the electromotive voltages of the limb generated by the particular electrode and reference electrode are measured.
  • the values of standard electrode potentials range from -3.04V (lithium) to +1.52V (gold). Particularly good results reached a polarizing electrode made of silver, and indeed when the chamber envelope is wholly or partially made of stainless steel.
  • This method is continuously analyzed by a device according to SK patent 279 429, Polakovic-Polakovicovä. The Po method has proven and proved that the water molecules processed in the excitation devices are mutually less strongly bound than in the untreated water.
  • the method may be defined as the passage of a liquid medium of water, or at least part of its volume, through a polarization and / or ionization space under the action of an electromagnetic alternating signal. This ensures that the molecules of the medium, the water molecules in the supermolecular structure, have a weaker bond. The force energy of the bonds in the molecular and supermolecular water structure change, but only to the extent that its fluidity changes, but the liquid properties are maintained (state of aggregation remains unchanged).
  • the embodiment of FIG. 5 consists of a sheath 16, on which on the outside or inside of a heat insulation 17 is arranged.
  • a pressure excitation device 3.51 1 and a second pressure excitation device 3.512 or a plurality of excitation devices connected hydraulically to one another.
  • Each has its own high-power source 8, which is connected to its own or common power supply 8.1.
  • At least one heating element 18 is arranged, which is connected to a temperature control 20 and / or a movement control for the medium.
  • the control device 20 is located in the enclosure 16.
  • the control device 20 comprises a sensor 21, which is connected to an evaluation unit 22 (eg thermostat) which is connected to a switching element 23.
  • the heating element 18 is formed by a resistance, rod or spiral wire.
  • An internal heating element 18 may also be a laser beam, an induction heating element 18, and optionally a plasma heating element with adequate power. This is necessary to avoid or remove the freezing and subsequent damage.
  • the main excitation means 2.3 can also be connected without controlled opening and closing mechanisms (2.34, 2.36, 2.31 and 4), with a manual hand control in the form of a bypass.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
  • Production, Working, Storing, Or Distribution Of Ice (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method, in particular for generating snow from water, using a low-pressure hydraulic device having a pump unit, to which a purification system is connected, and a distribution device having at least one high-pressure pump, to which a high-pressure unit having a snow cannon and/or a different snow-generating unit is connected. In order for the bonding of the water molecules in the molecular water structure of the process water to change and the generation of snow to improve, according to the invention at least part of the water used is exposed to an ionization field and/or a polarization field while simultaneously being exposed to the effects of an alternating electromagnetic field so that a weaker bonding of the water molecules in the molecular water structure is achieved, resulting in an improvement in the absorption and transfer of heat. The invention further relates to a device for carrying out the method.

Description

Verfahren, insbesondere für die Erzeugung von Schnee und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens  Method, in particular for the production of snow and a device for carrying out the method
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren, insbesondere für die Erzeugung von Schnee nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens. The invention relates to a method, in particular for the production of snow according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus for carrying out the method.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein neues Verfahren und eine hydraulische, elektronische und pneumatische Vorrichtung, insbesondere für die Erzeugung von künstlichem Schnee, Eis oder ähnlichen technologischen Prozessen. The invention relates to a new method and a hydraulic, electronic and pneumatic device, in particular for the production of artificial snow, ice or similar technological processes.
BESTÄTIGUNGSKOPIE Derzeitige Verfahren und Vorrichtungen, insbesondere für die Erzeugung von Schnee oder Eis, sind unterschiedlich entworfen, je nachdem welche Art der Wasserquelle sie aufweisen. Es handelt sich dabei um einen See, Stausee, Fluss, Reservoir, Brunnen u. ä. Diese Ressourcen haben Vorteile aber auch Nachteile. Es bil- den sich Stauseen, die eine Verwendung sowohl zeitlich als auch volumenmäßig beschränken. Die eigentliche Erzeugung von Kunstschnee erfolgt durch eine Kombination von geeignet angeordneten Wasser- und Luftdüsen an der Schneevorrichtung (Schneekanone oder andere Schnee bildende Einrichtungen). Es gibt auch Erzeugungsverfahren, die das Betriebswasser für die Erzeugung von Schnee abkühlen oder chemisch behandeln, bzw. durch Mikrowerkstoffe chemisch anreichern. Dabei werden Schnee - Eiskügelchen durch Beschichtung mit Wasser beschleunigt gebildet. Die Schneekanone oder andere Schnee bildende Einrichtungen haben eine Reihe von Ausführungsbeispielen, aber ihr gemeinsames Merkmal ist eine Verstellbarkeit in horizontaler und vertikaler Richtung, wobei mindestens eine Bewegung auto- matisch gesteuert werden kann. Die Schneekanone oder die anderen Schnee bildenden Einrichtungen haben eine Reihe von Düsen, die fest oder drehbar sind und vorzugsweise vor einer Luftströmungsquelle in einer Richtungs-Durchgangskammer angeordnet sind. Der Nachteil dieser bekannten Vorrichtungen zur Erzeugung von Schnee oder Eis besteht darin, dass sie besonders von der Temperatur und der Luftfeuchtigkeit sowie von der Temperatur und der Menge des Betriebswassers für die Erzeugung von Schnee. Der bei Minus-Graden und bei 0 °C Grad erzeugte Schnee ist nass, was durch vorhandene Mittel wie erhöhte Elevation, Senkung der Wassermenge, durch Druckänderung oder Wasserabkühlung, nicht verbessert werden kann. Unter solchen Bedingungen ist es notwendig, die Erzeugung von Kunstschnee einzustellen oder mehrmals in der Nacht zu beschneien, wenn die Bedingungen für die Beschneiung günstiger sind. In der WO2007/045467 ist eine Vorrichtung beschrieben, bei der das Medium im Kreislauf strömt und seine Temperatur dabei erhöht wird. Dies führt zum erhöhten Energieverbrauch. Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren für die Erzeugung von Schnee zu entwickeln, bei dem sich die Bindung der Wassermoleküle in der übermolekularen Wasserstruktur des Brauchwassers ändert und danach die Erzeugung von Schnee verbessert. Die gestellte Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. CONFIRMATION COPY Current methods and devices, particularly for the production of snow or ice, are designed differently depending on the type of water source they have. It is a lake, reservoir, river, reservoir, well u. Ä. These resources have advantages as well as disadvantages. There are reservoirs that limit their use in terms of both time and volume. The actual production of artificial snow is done by a combination of suitably arranged water and air nozzles on the snow device (snow gun or other snow-making facilities). There are also production methods that cool the process water for the production of snow or chemically treat, or chemically enriched by micro-materials. Snow - ice spheres are accelerated by coating with water. The snow gun or other snow making means have a number of embodiments, but their common feature is adjustability in the horizontal and vertical directions, whereby at least one movement can be automatically controlled. The snow gun or other snow forming means has a series of nozzles which are fixed or rotatable and preferably located in front of an air flow source in a directional passage chamber. The disadvantage of these known devices for producing snow or ice is that they are particularly sensitive to the temperature and humidity as well as the temperature and the amount of service water for the production of snow. The snow generated at minus degrees and at 0 ° C degrees is wet, which can not be improved by existing means such as increased elevation, lowering of the amount of water, by pressure change or water cooling. Under such conditions, it is necessary to stop the production of artificial snow or to snow several times at night when the conditions for snowmaking are more favorable. In WO2007 / 045467 a device is described in which the medium flows in the circuit and its temperature is thereby increased. This leads to increased energy consumption. It is an object of the invention to develop a method for the production of snow, in which the binding of the water molecules in the super-molecular water structure of the process water changes and then improves the production of snow. The stated object is solved by the features of claim 1.
Das Wesen des neuen Verfahrens besteht darin, dass das für die Erzeugung von Schnee verwendete Wasser einem lonisations- und/oder Polarisationsfeld bei gleichzeitiger Einwirkung eines elektromagnetischen Wechselfeldes ausgesetzt wird, wo- durch erreicht wird, dass sich die Kraftenergie-Bindung der Wassermoleküle in der übermolekularen Wasserstruktur des Brauchwassers verändert, d. h. abnimmt. Dabei durchströmt das Medium (Flüssigkeit und/oder Gas) die Vorrichtung, ohne merkliche Temperaturerhöhung. Die Durchflussmenge des Mediums in der Vorrichtung kann vorteilhaft reguliert werden. The essence of the new method is that the water used for the production of snow is exposed to an ionization and / or polarization field with the simultaneous action of an electromagnetic alternating field, thereby achieving that the force energy binding of the water molecules in the supermolecular Water structure of service water changed, d. H. decreases. The medium (liquid and / or gas) flows through the device, without noticeable increase in temperature. The flow rate of the medium in the device can be advantageously regulated.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen. Advantageous embodiment of a device for carrying out the method can be found in the dependent claims.
Der Niederdruck- und/oder Hochdruckteil des Hydraulikkreises haben in ihrem Kreis eine auf direkte, feste und/oder indirekte Weise über eine Umfassung (Umgehung) (Bypass) angeschlossen eine Haupt-Anregungseinrichtung und/oder eine Druck- Anregungseinrichtung, mit der der Flüssigkeitsfluss unterbrochen werden kann. Die Haupt-Anregungseinrichtung ist vorzugsweise hinter der Reinigungseinrichtung an- geordnet. Sie kann auch mit kleineren Vorteilen an einer beliebigen Stelle der Hydraulikführung oder auf der Wasserquelle vor der Pumpeneinrichtung installiert sein. Die Druck-Anregungseinrichtung ist vorzugsweise an die Hochdruckeinrichtung vor der Schneekanone und/oder einer anderen Schnee bildenden Einrichtung ange- schlössen. The low-pressure and / or high-pressure part of the hydraulic circuit have in their circle a direct, fixed and / or indirect way via a bypass bypass (bypass) connected to a main excitation device and / or a pressure excitation device with which interrupted the flow of liquid can be. The main excitation device is preferably behind the cleaning device. orderly. It may also be installed with minor benefits anywhere in the hydraulic guide or on the water source in front of the pumping device. The pressure excitation device is preferably connected to the high-pressure device in front of the snow gun and / or another snow-forming device.
Die Haupt-Anregungseinrichtung weist einen Eingangs-Hydraulikzweig mit einem zweiten gesteuerten öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus auf, der in einen Verteilungszweig mit mindestens einem Temperaturmessgerät und/oder einem Druck- messgerät in der Nähe des gesteuerten Haupt-Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus mündet. Zwischen dem Eingangs- und dem Ausgangs-Hydraulikzweig sind Anregungseinrichtungen fest und/oder zerlegbar befestigt. Der Ausgangs-Hydraulikzweig mündet in einen Zwischenzweig, der zwischen einem dritten gesteuerten Öffnungsund Schließmechanismus und einem Haupt-Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus angeordnet ist. The main excitation device has an input hydraulic branch with a second controlled opening and closing mechanism, which opens into a distribution branch with at least one temperature measuring device and / or a pressure measuring device in the vicinity of the controlled main opening and closing mechanism. Between the input and the output hydraulic branch excitation facilities are fixed and / or dismountable attached. The output hydraulic branch opens into an intermediate branch which is arranged between a third controlled opening and closing mechanism and a main opening and closing mechanism.
Die Druck-Anregungseinrichtung besteht aus einer gemeinsamen Kammer, in der beim Eingang derselben mindestens eine Steuerelektrode fest zerlegbar und/oder flexibel befestigt ist. In der Strömungsrichtung ist beim Ausgang des Körpers der gemeinsamen Kammer mindestens eine Polarisierungselektrode fest flexibel befestigt. Den Körper der gemeinsamen Kammer bildet eine feste und/oder eine flexible Umhüllung (Schicht). The pressure-excitation device consists of a common chamber, in which at the entrance thereof at least one control electrode is fixedly separable and / or flexibly attached. In the flow direction, at the output of the body of the common chamber at least one polarizing electrode is firmly fixed flexibly. The body of the common chamber forms a solid and / or a flexible envelope (layer).
Bei den Anregungseinrichtungen an der Haupt- Anregungseinrichtung besteht der gemeinsame Körper vorwiegend aus einer Umhüllung (Schicht), die mindestens teilweise am Umfang eine Beschichtung aufweist. Der Vorteil der Vorrichtung, insbesondere für die Erzeugung von Schnee, liegt in der Erzeugung von Qualitätsschnee schon bei 0 °C. Der erzeugte Schnee ist trockener und bei einer mehrfachen Beschichtung fließt kein Wasser aus. Dadurch bleibt die Qualität des Schnees erhalten und dies auch nach einer Belastung durch Zerstreu- ung mit dazu bestimmten Maschinen, die die Schneeschichten zusammendrücken, dabei aber das Wasser nicht daraus auspressen. Es kann dabei keine Eisschicht entstehen. Ähnlich gibt es keine Voraussetzung für die Bildung von sogenanntem Graupelschnee in den Frühlingsmonaten. Der erzeugte Kunstschnee taut länger, wodurch keine Notwendigkeit einer häufigen Nachbeschneiung besteht. Es kommt zur Senkung der Kosten für den Betrieb von Schneekanonen, insbesondere der Stromkosten, da keine Erhöhung einer ausgiebigen Beschneiung erforderlich ist. Gleichzeitig wird die Menge des verbrauchten Wassers gesenkt, was sich auf die Umwelt positiv auswirkt. Dadurch kann die Ski-Saison verlängert bzw. in tieferliegende Gebiete bei besserer Qualität des Kunstschnees verlagert werden. Dies wird der- art erreicht, dass das Wasser oder ein anderes Medium durch die Behandlung gemäß der Erfindung unvorhergesehene, unerwartete, entdeckte Eigenschaften in der Wärme-/Kälteaufnahme und -abgäbe gewinnt. Dies ist auch physikalisch bewiesen. In the case of the excitation devices on the main excitation device, the common body consists predominantly of an envelope (layer) which has a coating at least partially on its circumference. The advantage of the device, especially for the production of snow, lies in the production of quality snow even at 0 ° C. The generated snow is drier and with a multiple coating no water flows out. As a result, the quality of the snow is maintained, even after being polluted by dedicated machinery that compresses the snow layers but does not squeeze the water out of them. There can be no ice layer. Similarly, there is no requirement for the formation of so-called sleeper snow in the spring months. The generated artificial snow thaws longer, so there is no need for frequent Nachbeschneiung. It comes to reducing the cost of the operation of snow cannons, especially the electricity costs, since no increase in extensive snowmaking is required. At the same time, the amount of water used is reduced, which has a positive effect on the environment. As a result, the ski season can be extended or moved to deeper areas with better quality of artificial snow. This is achieved in such a way that the water or another medium obtains by the treatment according to the invention unforeseen, unexpected, discovered properties in the heat / cold absorption and -abgäbe. This is also physically proven.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen: The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1 ein hydraulisches, elektronisches und pneumatisches Fig. 1 is a hydraulic, electronic and pneumatic
Schema einer Vorrichtung,  Scheme of a device
Fig. 2 ein konkretes Ausführungsbeispiel einer hydraulischen Vorrichtung mit einem konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel einer Haupt- Anregungseinrichtung zur Erzeugung von Schnee mit einem gesteuerten Haupt-Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus mit eigener Steuerung, Fig. 3 eine Anregungseinrichtung an der Haupt-Anregungseinrichtung mit der Abbildung einer Hochleistungsquelle, die in einer eigenen Steuerungseinrichtung gelagert und in einem äquivalenten Ausführungsbeispiel direkt an der Anregungseinrichtung angeschlossen ist, 2 shows a concrete embodiment of a hydraulic device with a concrete embodiment of a main excitation device for generating snow with a controlled main opening and closing mechanism with its own control, 3 an excitation device on the main excitation device with the image of a high-power source, which is mounted in its own control device and connected in an equivalent embodiment directly to the excitation device,
Fig. 4 eine Druck-Anregungseinrichtung, deren Teil zwischen dem Eingang und Ausgang eine flexible Umhüllung aufweist, 4 shows a pressure-excitation device whose part between the input and output has a flexible enclosure,
Fig. 5 ein konkretes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Druck-Anregungseinrichtung oder deren Äquivalente, bestehend aus zwei hintereinander angeordneten Vorrichtungen, die in einer Luftkammer mit Wärmeisolierung gelagert sind, die im Inneren des Hydraulikteils und/oder in der Luftkammer ein gesteuertes Wärmeglied aufweist, 5 is a concrete embodiment of a pressure-excitation device or its equivalents, consisting of two successively arranged devices which are mounted in an air chamber with heat insulation, which has a controlled heat in the interior of the hydraulic part and / or in the air chamber,
Fig. 6 eine vereinfachte Ausführung einer Temperatur- und/oder Bewegungsregelung für das Medium und Fig. 6 shows a simplified embodiment of a temperature and / or movement control for the medium and
Fig. 7 Varianten des elektromagnetischen Signals. Fig. 7 variants of the electromagnetic signal.
Das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung, insbesondere für die Erzeugung von Schnee, bestehen aus einer hydraulischen Verteilervorrichtung 2.4 mit mindestens einer Hochdruck-Pumpe. Eine Hochdruckeinrichtung 3 besteht aus einer Druckleitung 3.1 , die eine Reihe von Ausführungsbeispielen hat. Diese kann fest und/oder flexibel sein, und aus Stahl, Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Textil, Gummi mit Verteilervorrichtungen 3.2. bestehen. An die Hochdruckeinrichtung 3 sind, je nach Bedarf, eine Schneekanone 3.3 und/oder andere Schnee bildende Einrichtungen 3.4 derart angeschlossen, so dass vor diese an die Druckleitung 3.1 Druck-Anregungblöcke 3.5 mit mindestens einer Druck-Anregungseinrichtung 3.51 angeschlossen sind. Die Schneekanone 3.3 verfügt über eine Verteilervorrichtung 3.31 , welche mit einer Dü- senvorrichtung 3.32 hydraulisch verbunden ist, die in dem Zwischenraum oder an seinem Ende vorzugsweise an der Innenseite angeordnet ist. Die Düsenvorrichtung 3.32 ist in Richtung der Luftströmung aus einem Luftmodul 3.33 angeordnet ist. Die Verteilervorrichtung 3.31 ist mit Druck-, Temperatur-, Durchfluss- und Feuchtigkeitssensoren u. ä. verbunden, die einen eigenen Steuerungsmodul und Algorithmus von physikalischen Größen aufweisen. The method and the device, in particular for the production of snow, consist of a hydraulic distributor device 2.4 with at least one high-pressure pump. A high pressure device 3 consists of a pressure line 3.1, which has a number of embodiments. This can be strong and / or flexible, and made of steel, polyethylene, polypropylene, textile, rubber with distribution devices 3.2. consist. To the high pressure device 3, as needed, a Snow cannon 3.3 and / or other snow-making devices 3.4 connected so that are connected to this before the pressure line 3.1 pressure excitation blocks 3.5 with at least one pressure excitation device 3.51. The snow cannon 3.3 has a distributor device 3.31, which is hydraulically connected to a nozzle device 3.32, which is preferably arranged in the intermediate space or at its end on the inside. The nozzle device 3.32 is arranged in the direction of the air flow from an air module 3.33. The distributor device 3.31 is with pressure, temperature, flow and humidity sensors u. Ä., Which have their own control module and algorithm of physical quantities.
Ähnlich umfassen Stangen-Schneeblöcke 3.4 eine zweite technologische Verteilervorrichtung 3.41 , die an eine zweite Düsenvorrichtung 3.42 angeschlossen ist. Die Schneekanonen 3.3 und die Stangen-Schneeblöcke 3.4 sind je nach Art des Gelän- des angeordnet. Similarly, bar snow blocks 3.4 comprise a second technological distributor device 3.41 connected to a second nozzle device 3.42. The snow cannons 3.3 and the rod snow blocks 3.4 are arranged according to the type of terrain.
Die Niederdruckeinrichtung 2 der Hydraulikvorrichtung 1 umfasst eine Pumpeneinrichtung, an die eine Reinigungseinrichtung angeschlossen ist, welche fest oder zerlegbar mit der Haupt-Anregungseinrichtung 2.3 verbunden ist. Hinter der Haupt- Anregungseinrichtung 2.3 ist eine Verteilervorrichtung 2.4 angeschlossen, deren mindestens eine Hochdruck-Pumpe 23 die Niederdruckeinrichtung 2 von der Hochdruckeinrichtung 3 abtrennt. The low-pressure device 2 of the hydraulic device 1 comprises a pump device, to which a cleaning device is connected, which is fixedly or detachably connected to the main excitation device 2.3. Behind the main excitation device 2.3, a distributor device 2.4 is connected, whose at least one high-pressure pump 23, the low-pressure device 2 separated from the high-pressure device 3.
Die Pumpeneinrichtung 2.1 besteht aus einem Speicher 2.1 1 , der ein Brunnen, Fluss, See, Reservoir ist, in die eine Saugrohrleitung eingelassen ist. Hinter der Saugeinrichtung ist ein Filter 2.13 vor der Pumpe 2.12 angeordnet. Die Pumpeneinrichtung 2.1 hat eine Reihe von Ausführungsbeispielen mit Messgeräten zur Mes- sung von Zufluss, Temperatur, Druck, Pegel u. ä., die vorzugsweise an die Haupt- Anregungsvorrichtung 9 elektrisch angeschlossen sind, wie auch die Pumpe 2.12. The pump device 2.1 consists of a memory 2.1 1, which is a well, river, lake, reservoir, in which a suction pipe is inserted. Behind the suction device, a filter 2.13 is arranged in front of the pump 2.12. The pump device 2.1 has a number of exemplary embodiments with measuring devices for measuring tion of inflow, temperature, pressure, level u. Ä., Which are preferably electrically connected to the main excitation device 9, as well as the pump 2.12.
Die Reinigungseinrichtung 2.2 umfasst einen technologischen Zweig, an dem ein erster Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 2.21 angeordnet ist, hinter dem vorzugsweise ein Filter 2.22 angeschlossen ist. Hinter dem Filter 2.22 ist ein zweiter Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 2.23 angeordnet. Der Verbindungszweig umfasst einen dritten Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 2.24. Der technologische Zweig ist mit dem Verbindungszweig hinter der Pumpeneinrichtung 2.12 sowie hinter dem zweiten Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 2.23 verbunden. Hinter dem technologischen Zweig ist ein erster gesteuerter Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 4 angeordnet, wobei sich hinter diesem ein Verbindungszweig befindet, der ein Druckmessgerät 5, eine Entlüftungseinrichtung 6 und einen Durchflussmesser 7 vor dem Eingang in die Verteilervorrichtung 2.4 umfasst. The cleaning device 2.2 comprises a technological branch on which a first opening and closing mechanism 2.21 is arranged, behind which preferably a filter 2.22 is connected. Behind the filter 2.22, a second opening and closing mechanism 2.23 is arranged. The connection branch comprises a third opening and closing mechanism 2.24. The technological branch is connected to the connection branch behind the pump device 2.12 and behind the second opening and closing mechanism 2.23. Behind the technological branch, a first controlled opening and closing mechanism 4 is arranged, with a connecting branch behind it, which comprises a pressure gauge 5, a venting device 6 and a flow meter 7 in front of the entrance to the distributor device 2.4.
Die Haupt-Anregungseinrichtung 2.3 weist an dem Eingangs-Hydraulikzweig einen zweiten gesteuerten Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 2.31 auf, der in einen Verteilungszweig mit mindestens einem Temperaturmessgerät 2.32 und einem Druckmessgerät 2.33 mündet. Der Verteilungszweig befindet sich vor dem Haupt- Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 2.34. Zwischen dem Verteilungszweig und dem Ausgangs-Hydraulikzweig ist mindestens eine Anregungseinrichtung 2.35 fest oder zerlegbar befestigt. Der Eingangs-Hydraulikzweig mündet in einen Zwischenzweig, der den dritten gesteuerten Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 2.34 mit einem Haupt-Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 2.36 verbindet und an dem vorzugsweise ein Ausgangs-Druckmessgerät 2.37 angeordnet ist. Es ist von Vorteil, wenn an den Ausgangs-Hydraulikzweig mindestens eine Entlüftungs-Anregungsvorrichtung 6.1 angeschlossen ist. Die Druck-Anregungseinrichtung 3.5 besteht aus mindestens einer Druck- Anregungseinrichtung 3.51 mit einer gemeinsamen Kammer 3.42, die in der Nähe der Eingangsöffnung 3.45 mindestens eine Steuerungselektrode 3.43 und die in der Nähe der Ausgangsöffnung 3.46 eine Polarisierungselektrode 3.44 aufweist. Die Steuerungselektrode 3.43 ist flexibel und/oder fest und wasserdicht in einem Träger 3.40 gelagert. Dieser Träger 3.40 ist mit einer Eingangs-Umhüllung (Schicht) 3.490 wasserdicht verbunden. Die Eingangs-Umhüllung 3.490 umfasst eine Eingangsöffnung 3.45. Die Polarisierungselektrode 3.44 ist flexibel und/oder fest und wasserdicht im Träger 3.40 gelagert. Dieser Träger 3.40 ist mit einer Ausgangs-Umhüllung (Schicht) 3.491 wasserdicht verbunden und umfasst eine Ausgangsöffnung 3.46. Es ist von Vorteil, wenn die Eingangs-Umhüllung (Schicht) 3.490 und die Ausgangs- Umhüllung (Schicht) 3.491 gegenseitig über eine Deformations-Umhüllung (Schicht) 3.47 aus flexiblen, biegsamen Druckmaterial verbunden sind. Ein konkretes Ausführungsbeispiel der Verbindung sieht eine Kupplung 3.48 vor. Es handelt sich zum Bei- spiel um einen Hydraulikschlauch aus Kunststoffgummi. Der Kunststoffgummi hat eine hohe Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Abnutzung und Umwelteinflüsse. Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn zumindest ein Teil der gemeinsamen Kammer 3.42 aus einem Material mit negativem elektrochemischen Potenzial besteht und/oder außerhalb der Deformations-Umhüllung (Schicht) 3.47 angeordnet ist. Die Steuerungselektrode 3.43 hat eine Umhüllung 3.41 in Form eines Reagenzglases, eines Rohrs aus Silikat, Keramik u. ä., in der eine Stangen- und/oder Spiralantenne 3.432 angeordnet ist. Ähnlich ausgeführt ist die Polarisierungselektrode 3.44, die aber im Inneren ein festes, flüssiges oder gasförmiges Polarisierungsmaterial 3.441 aufweist. Die Umhüllung 3.41 der Steuerungselektrode 3.43 und die Umhüllung der Polarisierungselektrode 3.44 ha- ben eine Reihe von Ausführungen je nach der Belastung und der Art des Anregungswassers (Mediums). Für die niedrigste Belastung besteht sie aus technischem Glas mit einem überwiegenden Anteil von S1O2. Es handelt sich um eine homogene, formlose, isotrope, feste und zerbrechliche Substanz, im metastabilen Zustand mit einer Zugfestigkeit von 30 MPa und einer Dichte von etwa 2,53 g cm'3 Es handelt sich um einen Isolierstoff mit dielektrischen Eigenschaften, der über Polarisierungsfähigkeiten verfügt. Geeignet ist eine oxidische Sinterkeramik mit einem Al203-Gehalt von mindestens 99,7 % oder eine Mikrostrukturkeramik aus Sauerstoff mit einem Zug-Elastizitätsmodul von 380-400 GPa, einer Brechfestigkeit von mindestens 300 MPa und einer Dichte von 3,8 g cm3. Am besten ist eine Kompositkeramik C/SiC, die zu den nichtoxidischen technischen Keramiken gehört und kurze Kohlenstoff-Fasern aufweist, die die hervorragenden mechanischen und thermischen Eigenschaften von K/SiC verbessern. Ihre Dichte beträgt 2,65 g cm"3, das Elastizitätsmodul verträgt 250- 350 GPa und die Biegefestigkeit mindestens 160-200 MPa. Das Kompositkeramik C/SiC umfasst kurze Kohlenstoff-Fasern mit einer Länge von 3 - 6 mm und einer Dicke der Rovince von 12 k (1 k=103 Filamente), die im Volumen zufällig ausgerichtet sein können, wodurch der Werkstoff dann isotrope Eigenschaften aufweist. Bei extremer Belastung der Polarisierungselektrode 3.44 oder der Steuerelektrode 3.43 können die kurzen Kohlenstoff-Fasern vorzugsweise gezielt ausgerichtet sein, zum Beispiel senkrecht zur Achse, wodurch der Werkstoff antiisotrope Eigenschaften gewinnt. Die Spiral- oder Stangenantenne 3.432 ist mit einer Hochleistungsquelle 8 zerlegbar oder fest verbunden, welche an eine Stromversorgung 8.1 angeschlossen ist. Die Hochleistungsquelle 8 führt in die Stangen- und/oder Spiralantenne 3.432 elek- tromagnetisches Wechselsignal von 100-500 MHz mit einer Stärke von 0,1 -2,0 W ein, wenn die Anregungsvorrichtung sich im Wasser befindet. Unter der Stromversorgung 8.1 versteht man eine 230 V~Quelle, die in in 12 V- (24- u. ä.) umgewandelt ist. Es kann sich auch um ein technisches Äquivalent wie z. B. eine Batterie, solares oder fotogalvanisches Element u. ä. handeln. In einer alternativen Ausführung kann die Hochleistungsquelle 8 auch außerhalb der Druck-Anregungseinrichtung 3.51 angeordnet sein. An der Haupt-Anregungseinrichtung 2.3 ist eine Anregungseinrichtung 2.35 angeordnet, die der elastischen Druck-Anregungseinrichtung 3.51 entspricht, die eine gemeinsame Kammer 3.42 aufweist, in der mindestens eine Steuerelektrode in der Nähe der Eingangsöffnung 2.45 fest oder zerlegbar wasserdicht befestigt ist. In der Nähe der Ausgangsöffnung 2.46 ist eine Polarisierungselektrode 2.44 fest oder zerlegbar und wasserdicht befestigt. Am Umfang der gemeinsamen Kammer 2.42 oder mindestens an einem Teil befindet sich eine Beschichtung, Schicht oder Umhüllung 2.421 aus positivem elektrochemischen Material (C, Cu, ...) oder negativem elektrochemischen Material (AI, Fe ), je nach der Wasserzusammensetzung (Medium). In dem angeführten Ausführungsbeispiel besteht ein Lagergehäuse 2.47 aus nichtleitendem Isolierstoff, Kunststoff (Dielektrikum). In dem konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um Polypropylen. Die Steuerelektrode 2.43 und die Polarisierungselektrode 2.44 sind in dem Träger 2.40 gelagert. Die Steuerelektrode 2.43 hat eine geschlossene Umhüllung 2.431 in Rohrform, in der eine Stangen- oder Spiralantenne 2.432 angeordnet ist. Die Polarisierungselektrode 2.44 ist ähnlich aufgebaut und hat im Inneren einen festen, flüssigen oder gasförmigen Inhalt 2.441 mit einem positivem und/oder einem negativem elektrochemischen Potenzial. Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn sie, wie in einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel, eine zu öffnende und schließbare Entlüf- tungs- und Abschlammöffnung aufweist. Einige Elemente und Knoten, die eine neue Vorrichtung für die Erzeugung von Schnee bzw. Eis bildet, ist auf elektronische Weise mit einer Haupt-Steuerungseinrichtung 9 und einer pneumatischen Vorrichtung 1 1 verbunden. Es handelt sich z. B. um eine Pumpe 2.12, Hochdruck-Pumpe 23, einen Durchflussmesser 7, Temperatur- und Druckmessgeräte, sowie Messgeräte für andere physikalische Größen. Der Haupt-Anregungsknoten 2.3 verfügt über eine eige- ne Steuerungseinrichtung 10 und pneumatische Vorrichtung 1 1 , wobei beide mit einem ersten gesteuerten öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 4, einem zweiten gesteuerten Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 2.31 , einem gesteuerten Haupt- öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus 2.34 und einem dritten Öffnungs- und Schließme- chanismus 2.36 verbunden sind. Die eigene Steuerungseinrichtung 10 ist mit einem Temperaturmessgerät 2.32, einem Druckmessgerät 2.33 und einem Ausgangs- Druckmessgerät 2.37, bzw. mit einem Außen-Temperaturmessgerät (in der Figur nicht dargestellt) verbunden. Es ist von Vorteil, wenn die Niederdruck-Hydraulik- Vorrichtung 2 hinter der Anregungsvorrichtung mindestens einen Entlüftungsknoten 15 aufweist, bzw. wenn die Haupt-Anregungsvorrichtung 23 eine eigene Entlüftungsvorrichtung 6.1 aufweist. Unter dem Begriff Material mit positivem bzw. negativem elektrochemischen Potenzial versteht man Elektrodenpotenzial E°. Gemessen werden nur die elektromotorischen Spannungen des Gliedes, die durch die bestimmte Elektrode und Vergleichselektrode erzeugt werden. Die Standard Vergleichselektrode hatte ein Elektrodenpotenzial gleich Null E°=0, die einer Platinelektrode mit einer Standardaufbereitung entspricht. Die Werte von Standard Elektrodenpotenzialen reichen von -3,04 V (Lithium) bis +1 ,52 V (Gold). Besonders gute Ergebnisse erreichte eine Polarisierungselektrode aus Silber und zwar dann, wenn die Kammerumhüllung ganz oder nur teilweise aus Edelstahl besteht. Dieses Verfahren wird fortlaufend durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß SK Patent 279 429, Polakovic - Polakovicovä analysiert. Mit der Po-Methode ist bewiesen und nachgewiesen, dass die in den Anregungsvorrichtungen aufbereiteten Wassermoleküle gegenseitig schwächer als im nicht behandelten Wasser gebunden sind. Das Verfahren kann als Durchgang eines flüssigen Mediums Wasser, oder mindestens eines Teils seines Volumens durch einen Polarisations- und/oder lonisationsraum unter der Einwirkung eines elektromagnetischen Wechselsignals definiert werden. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass die Moleküle des Mediums, die Wassermoleküle in der übermolekularen Struktur, eine schwächere Bindung aufweisen. Die Kraftenergie der Bindungen in der molekularen und über- molekularen Wasserstruktur ändern sich, aber nur in dem Ausmaß, dass sich seine Fluidität ändert, die Flüssigkeitseigenschaften werden jedoch aufrechterhalten (Aggregatzustand bleibt unverändert). Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 5 besteht aus einer Umhüllung 16, an welcher an der Außenseite oder Innenseite eine Wärmeisolierung 17 angeordnet ist. In der Umhüllung 16 befinden sich eine Druck-Anregungseinrichtung 3.51 1 und eine zweite Druck-Anregungseinrichtung 3.512, oder mehrere hydraulisch miteinander verbun- dene Anregungseinrichtungen. Dabei weist jede eine eigene Hochleistungsquelle 8 auf, welche an eine eigene oder gemeinsame Stromversorgung 8.1 angeschlossen ist. Im Inneren der Hydraulikvorrichtung ist mindestens ein Heizelement 18 angeordnet, das mit einer Temperatursteuerung 20 und/oder einer Bewegungssteuerung für das Medium verbunden ist. In einem anderen konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel befin- det sich die Steuerungseinrichtung 20 in der Umhüllung 16. Die Steuerungseinrichtung 20 umfasst einen Sensor 21 , welcher mit einer Auswertungseinheit 22 (z. B. Thermostat) verbunden ist, die an ein Schaltelement 23 angeschlossen ist. Das Heizelement 18 ist durch einen Widerstands-, Stangen- oder Spiraldraht gebildet. Bei einem inneren Heizelement 18 kann es sich auch um einen Laserstrahl, ein Induk- tionsheizelement 18, gegebenenfalls Plasmaheizelement mit angemessener Leistung handeln. Dies ist notwendig, um das Einfrieren und anschließende Schäden zu vermeiden, bzw. zu entfernen. Die Haupt-Anregungseinrichtung 2.3 kann auch ohne gesteuerte Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismen (2.34; 2.36; 2.31 und 4) angeschlossen werden, und zwar mit einer manuellen Handsteuerung in Form eines Bypasses. The main excitation device 2.3 has at the input hydraulic branch to a second controlled opening and closing mechanism 2.31, which opens into a distribution branch with at least one temperature gauge 2.32 and a pressure gauge 2.33. The distribution branch is located in front of the main opening and closing mechanism 2.34. Between the distribution branch and the output hydraulic branch, at least one excitation device 2.35 is fastened fixedly or separably. The input hydraulic branch opens into an intermediate branch, which connects the third controlled opening and closing mechanism 2.34 to a main opening and closing mechanism 2.36 and to which preferably an output pressure gauge 2.37 is arranged. It is advantageous if at least one venting excitation device 6.1 is connected to the output hydraulic branch. The pressure excitation device 3.5 consists of at least one pressure excitation device 3.51 with a common chamber 3.42, which has at least one control electrode 3.43 in the vicinity of the inlet opening 3.45 and a polarization electrode 3.44 in the vicinity of the outlet opening 3.46. The control electrode 3.43 is mounted flexibly and / or firmly and watertight in a carrier 3.40. This 3.40 carrier is watertight connected to an input sheath (layer) 3,490. The input enclosure 3490 includes an input port 3.45. The polarizing electrode 3.44 is flexibly and / or firmly and waterproof stored in the carrier 3.40. This support 3.40 is watertightly connected to an output enclosure (layer) 3.491 and comprises an exit opening 3.46. It is advantageous if the input enclosure (layer) 3490 and the output enclosure (layer) 3.491 are mutually connected via a flexible wrapping material 3.47 flexible coating. A concrete embodiment of the connection provides a coupling 3.48. It is, for example, a hydraulic hose made of plastic rubber. The plastic rubber has a high resistance to wear and environmental influences. It is advantageous if at least a part of the common chamber 3.42 consists of a material with a negative electrochemical potential and / or is arranged outside the deformation envelope (layer) 3.47. The control electrode 3.43 has a cladding 3.41 in the form of a test tube, a tube made of silicate, ceramic u. Ä., In which a rod and / or spiral antenna 3.432 is arranged. The polarizing electrode 3.44, which however has a solid, liquid or gaseous polarizing material 3.441 inside, has a similar design. The cladding 3.41 of the control electrode 3.43 and the cladding of the polarizing electrode 3.44 have a number of designs depending on the load and the type of excitation water (medium). For the lowest load it consists of technical glass with a predominant proportion of S1O2. It is a homogeneous, formless, isotropic, solid and fragile substance in the metastable state a tensile strength of 30 MPa and a density of about 2.53 g cm '3 It is an insulating material with dielectric properties that has polarizing capabilities. Suitable is an oxide sintered ceramic with an Al 2 0 3 content of at least 99.7% or a microstructure of oxygen with a tensile modulus of 380-400 GPa, a crushing strength of at least 300 MPa and a density of 3.8 g cm 3 . The best is a composite ceramic C / SiC, which belongs to the non-oxide technical ceramics and has short carbon fibers, which improve the excellent mechanical and thermal properties of K / SiC. Their density is 2.65 g cm- 3 , the modulus of elasticity is 250- 350 GPa and the flexural strength is at least 160-200 MPa The composite ceramics C / SiC comprise short carbon fibers 3-6 mm in length and a thickness of the rovince of 12 k (1 k = 10 3 filaments), which may be randomly aligned in volume, whereby the material then has isotropic properties. Under extreme loading of the polarizing electrode 3.44 or the control electrode 3.43, the short carbon fibers may preferably be targeted Example perpendicular to the axis, whereby the material gains anti-isotropic properties The spiral or rod antenna 3.432 is separable or fixedly connected to a high-power source 8 which is connected to a power supply 8.1 The high-power source 8 leads into the rod and / or spiral antenna 3.432 electr - Magnetic alternating signal of 100-500 MHz with a strength of 0.1 -2.0 W, when the excitation device ng is in the water. The power supply 8.1 means a 230 V ~ source, which is converted into 12 V (24 and so on). It may also be a technical equivalent such. B. a battery, solar or photo-galvanic element u. act. In an alternative embodiment, the high-power source 8 may also be arranged outside the pressure-excitation device 3.51. An excitation device 2.35 is arranged on the main excitation device 2.3, which corresponds to the elastic pressure excitation device 3.51, which has a common chamber 3.42, in which at least one control electrode is fastened in a watertight manner in the vicinity of the inlet opening 2.45. In the vicinity of the exit opening 2.46, a polarizing electrode 2.44 is fixed or separable and waterproof. At the periphery of the common chamber 2.42 or at least at one part is a coating, layer or cladding 2.421 of positive electrochemical material (C, Cu, ...) or negative electrochemical material (Al, Fe), depending on the water composition (medium) , In the cited embodiment, a bearing housing 2.47 made of non-conductive insulating material, plastic (dielectric). In the specific embodiment, it is polypropylene. The control electrode 2.43 and the polarizing electrode 2.44 are mounted in the carrier 2.40. The control electrode 2.43 has a closed envelope 2.431 in tube form, in which a rod or spiral antenna 2.432 is arranged. The polarizing electrode 2.44 has a similar structure and has inside a solid, liquid or gaseous content 2.441 with a positive and / or a negative electrochemical potential. It is advantageous if, as in a further exemplary embodiment, it has an openable and closable venting and drainage opening. Some elements and nodes forming a new device for the production of snow or ice are connected in an electronic manner to a main control device 9 and a pneumatic device 11. It is z. B. a pump 2.12, high-pressure pump 23, a flow meter 7, temperature and pressure gauges, and measuring devices for other physical quantities. The main excitation node 2.3 has its own control device 10 and pneumatic device 11, both with a first controlled opening and closing mechanism 4, a second controlled opening and closing mechanism 2.31, a controlled main opening and closing mechanism 2.34 and a third opening and closing 2.36 are connected. The own control device 10 is connected to a temperature gauge 2.32, a pressure gauge 2.33 and an output pressure gauge 2.37, or with an outdoor temperature measuring device (not shown in the figure). It is advantageous if the low-pressure hydraulic device 2 has at least one ventilation node 15 behind the excitation device, or if the main excitation device 23 has its own ventilation device 6.1. The term material with positive or negative electrochemical potential means electrode potential E °. Only the electromotive voltages of the limb generated by the particular electrode and reference electrode are measured. The standard reference electrode had an electrode potential equal to zero E ° = 0, which corresponds to a platinum electrode with standard preparation. The values of standard electrode potentials range from -3.04V (lithium) to +1.52V (gold). Particularly good results reached a polarizing electrode made of silver, and indeed when the chamber envelope is wholly or partially made of stainless steel. This method is continuously analyzed by a device according to SK patent 279 429, Polakovic-Polakovicovä. The Po method has proven and proved that the water molecules processed in the excitation devices are mutually less strongly bound than in the untreated water. The method may be defined as the passage of a liquid medium of water, or at least part of its volume, through a polarization and / or ionization space under the action of an electromagnetic alternating signal. This ensures that the molecules of the medium, the water molecules in the supermolecular structure, have a weaker bond. The force energy of the bonds in the molecular and supermolecular water structure change, but only to the extent that its fluidity changes, but the liquid properties are maintained (state of aggregation remains unchanged). The embodiment of FIG. 5 consists of a sheath 16, on which on the outside or inside of a heat insulation 17 is arranged. In the enclosure 16 there are a pressure excitation device 3.51 1 and a second pressure excitation device 3.512, or a plurality of excitation devices connected hydraulically to one another. Each has its own high-power source 8, which is connected to its own or common power supply 8.1. In the interior of the hydraulic device at least one heating element 18 is arranged, which is connected to a temperature control 20 and / or a movement control for the medium. In another specific exemplary embodiment, the control device 20 is located in the enclosure 16. The control device 20 comprises a sensor 21, which is connected to an evaluation unit 22 (eg thermostat) which is connected to a switching element 23. The heating element 18 is formed by a resistance, rod or spiral wire. An internal heating element 18 may also be a laser beam, an induction heating element 18, and optionally a plasma heating element with adequate power. This is necessary to avoid or remove the freezing and subsequent damage. The main excitation means 2.3 can also be connected without controlled opening and closing mechanisms (2.34, 2.36, 2.31 and 4), with a manual hand control in the form of a bypass.

Claims

n s p r ü c h e Verfahren, insbesondere für die Erzeugung von Schnee aus Wasser, mit einer Niederdruck-Hydraulikvorrichtung (2) mit einer Pumpeneinrichtung (2.1), an die eine Reinigungseinrichtung (2.2) angeschlossen wird, und mit einer Verteilervorrichtung mit mindestens einer Hochdruck-Pumpe, an die eine Hochdruckeinrichtung (3) mit einer Schneekanone (3.3) und/oder einer anderen Schnee bildenden Einrichtung (3.4) angeschlossen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Teil des verwendeten Wassers einem lonisations- und/oder Polarisationsfeld bei gleichzeitiger Einwirkung eines elektromagnetischen Wechselfelds ausgesetzt wird, um eine schwächere Bindung der Wassermoleküle in der übermolekularen Wasserstruktur zu erreichen, wobei die Annahme und die Übertragung von Wärme verbessert wird. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, insbesondere für die Erzeugung von Schnee, nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Niederdruckeinrichtung (2) und/oder die Hochdruckeinrichtung (3) eine Haupt-Anregungseinrichtung (2.3) und/oder eine Druck-Anregungseinrichtung (3.5) aufweist, wobei die Haupt-Anregungseinrichtung (2.3) vorzugsweise hinter der Reinigungseinrichtung (2.2) bzw. an der Pumpeneinrichtung (2.1) sowie an einem Speicher (2.11) der Niederdruckeinrichtung (2) oder davor angeordnet ist und dass die Druck-Anregungseinrichtung (3.5) vorzugsweise an der Hochdruckeinrichtung (3) vor der Schneekanone (3.3) und/oder einer anderen Schnee bildenden Einrichtung (3.4) angeordnet ist. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Haupt-Anregungseinrichtung (2.3) einen Eingangs-Hydraulikzweig mit einem zweiten gesteuerten Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus (2.31) aufweist, der in einen Verteilungszweig mit mindestens einem Temperaturmessgerät (2.32) und/oder einem Druckmessgerät (2.33) mündet, und dass zwischen dem Eingangs- und Ausgangs-Hydraulikzweig mindestens eine Anregungseinrichtung (2.35) fest und/oder zerlegbar befestigt ist und in einen gesteuerten Haupt-Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus (2.31) und einen Haupt-Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus (2.36) mündet. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anregungseinrichtung (2.35) eine gemeinsame Kammer (2.42) aufweist, wobei in der Nähe der Eingangsöffnung (2.45) derselben eine Steuerelektrode (2.43) und in der Nähe der Ausgangsöffnung (2.46) derselben eine Polarisierungselektrode (2.44) angeordnet ist und dass mindestens in einem Teil der gemeinsamen Kammer (2.42) eine Umhüllung (Schicht) (2.421) und eine Steuerelektrode (2.43) fest oder zerlegbar mit einer Hochleistungsquelle (8) verbunden sind, die ein elektro-magnetisches Wechselsignal von 100 - 500 MHz mit einer Stärke von 0,1 - 100 W abgibt. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druck-Anregungseinrichtung (3.51) eine gemeinsame Kammer (3.42) aufweist, wobei in der Nähe der Eingangsöffnung (3.45) der Eingangs- Umhüllung (Schicht) (3.490) eine Steuerelektrode (2.43) und in der Nähe der Ausgangsöffnung (3.46) der Ausgangs-Umhüllung (Schicht) (3.461) eine Po- larisierungselektrode (3.44) angeordnet ist, wobei die Eingangs-Umhüllung (Schicht) (3.490) und die Ausgangs-Umhüllung (Schicht) (3.491) gegenseitig über eine Deformations-Umhüllung (Schicht) (3.47) miteinander verbunden sind und dass die Steuerelektrode (3.43) fest oder zerlegbar mit der Hochleistungsquelle (8) verbunden ist, wobei diese ein elektromagnetisches Wechselsignal von 100 - 500 MHz mit einer Stärke von 0,1 - 100 W abgibt. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuerelektrode (3.43) eine Hülle in Form eines Reagenzglases, eines Rohrs aus Silikat, Keramik u. ä. hat, dass in der Steuerelektrode (3.43) eine Stangen- und/oder Spiralantenne (3.42) angeordnet ist, dass die Polarisierungselektrode (3.44) ähnlich aufgebaut ist und im Inneren ein festes, flüssiges oder gasförmiges Polarisationsmaterial (3.44) aufweist und dass die Umhüllung (3.41) der Steuerelektrode (3.43) und der Polarisierungselektrode (3.44) aus Glas einen überwiegenden Anteil von S1O2 aufweist, das eine Zugfestigkeit von 30 MPa und eine Dichte von 2,53 g cm"3 hat. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umhüllung (3.41) der Steuerelektrode (3.43) und der Polarisierungselektrode (3.44) aus oxidischer Sinterkeramik mit einem AfeOa-Gehalt mit mindestens 99,7 % besteht, das ein Zug-Elastizitätsmodul von 380 - 400 GPa, eine Biegefestigkeit von 300 MPa und eine Dichte von 3,8 g cm"3 aufweist. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umhüllung (3.41) der Steuerelektrode (3.43) und der Polarisierungselektrode (3.44) aus Kompositkeramik C/SiC besteht, das eine Dichte von 2,65 g cm"3 ein Elastizitätsmodul von 250 - 350 GPa und eine Biegefestigkeit von mind. 160 - 200 MPa aufweist. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stromversorgung (8.1) eine Hochleistungsquelle (8) aufweist, die eine 230 V— Quelle aufweist, die in eine Spannung von 12 V oder 24 V umgewendet ist. 0. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elastische Druck-Anregungseinrichtung (3.51) eine gemeinsame Kammer (2.42) oder mindestens an mindestens einem Teil eine Beschichtung (2.421) aufweist, die aus positivem elektrochemischen Material (C, Cu) oder aus negativem elektrochemischen Material (AI, Fe) je nach Wasserzusammensetzung besteht, dass das Lagergehäuse (2.47) aus nichtleitendem Isolierstoff, z. B. Polypropylen, besteht, dass die Steuerelektrode (2.43) und die Polarisierungselektrode (2.44) in dem Träger (2.40) gelagert sind und dass die Steuerelektrode (2.43) und die Polarisierungselektrode (2.44) in geschlossenen Umhüllungen (2.431) angeordnet sind. Nspr u che method, in particular for the production of snow from water, with a low-pressure hydraulic device (2) with a pump device (2.1) to which a cleaning device (2.2) is connected, and with a distributor device with at least one high-pressure pump, to which a high-pressure device (3) with a snow gun (3.3) and / or another snow-forming device (3.4) is connected, characterized in that at least part of the water used an ionization and / or polarization field with simultaneous action of an alternating electromagnetic field in order to achieve a weaker binding of the water molecules in the over-molecular water structure, whereby the acceptance and the transfer of heat is improved. Device for carrying out the method, in particular for the production of snow, according to claim 1, characterized in that the low-pressure device (2) and / or the high-pressure device (3) comprises a main excitation device (2.3) and / or a pressure excitation device (3.5 ), wherein the main excitation device (2.3) preferably behind the cleaning device (2.2) or on the pump device (2.1) and to a memory (2.11) of the low-pressure device (2) or arranged in front and that the pressure-excitation means (3.5 ) is preferably arranged on the high-pressure device (3) in front of the snow gun (3.3) and / or another snow-forming device (3.4). Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the main excitation device (2.3) has an input hydraulic branch with a second controlled opening and closing mechanism (2.31), which in a distribution branch with at least one temperature measuring device (2.32) and / or a pressure gauge ( 2.33), and that between the input and output hydraulic branch at least one excitation means (2.35) is fixed and / or dismountable mounted and in a controlled main opening and closing mechanism (2.31) and a main opening and closing mechanism (2.36 ) opens. Apparatus according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that the excitation means (2.35) has a common chamber (2.42), wherein in the vicinity of the inlet opening (2.45) thereof a control electrode (2.43) and in the vicinity of the outlet opening (2.46) thereof a Polarizing electrode (2.44) is arranged and that at least in a part of the common chamber (2.42) a sheath (2.421) and a control electrode (2.43) are fixed or detachably connected to a high power source (8), which is an electromagnetic alternating signal of 100 - 500 MHz with a power of 0.1 - 100W. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure-excitation means (3.51) has a common chamber (3.42), wherein in the vicinity of the inlet opening (3.45) of the input enclosure (layer) (3.490) a control electrode (2.43) and in a polarizing electrode (3.44) is arranged close to the output opening (3.46) of the output cladding (layer) (3.461), the input cladding (layer) (3.490) and the output cladding (layer) (3.491) being mutually opposite connected by a deformation envelope (layer) (3.47) and that the control electrode (3.43) is fixedly or detachably connected to the high-power source (8), this being an electromagnetic alternating signal of 100-500 MHz with a strength of 0.1 - gives 100W. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the control electrode (3.43) a shell in the form of a test tube, a tube of silicate, ceramic u. has in the control electrode (3.43) a rod and / or spiral antenna (3.42) is arranged, that the polarizing electrode (3.44) has a similar structure and inside a solid, liquid or gaseous polarizing material (3.44) and that Enclosure (3.41) of the control electrode (3.43) and the polarizing electrode (3.44) made of glass has a predominant proportion of S1O2, which has a tensile strength of 30 MPa and a density of 2.53 g cm "3. Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the covering (3.41) of the control electrode (3.43) and the polarizing electrode (3.44) consists of sintered sintered ceramic with an AfeOa content of at least 99.7%, which has a tensile elastic modulus of 380-400 GPa, a flexural strength of 300 MPa and having a density of 3.8 g cm -3. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the cladding (3.41) of the control electrode (3.43) and the polarizing electrode (3.44) consists of composite ceramics C / SiC having a density of 2.65 g cm-3 and a modulus of elasticity of 250-350 GPa and a bending strength of at least 160-200 MPa Apparatus according to claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the power supply (8.1) comprises a high power source (8) having a source of 230V which is connected to a voltage of 12V or 24. The device according to claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the elastic pressure excitation device (3.51) has a common chamber (2.42) or at least on at least one part a coating (2.421) consisting of positive electrochemical Material (C, Cu) or of negative electrochemical material (Al, Fe) depending on the water composition is that the bearing housing (2.47) consists of non-conductive insulating material, eg polypropylene, that the control electrode (2.43) and the polarizing electrode (2.44) are mounted in the carrier (2.40) and that the control electrode (2.43) and the polarizing electrode (2.44) are arranged in closed envelopes (2.431).
1. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, 1. Apparatus according to claim 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Steuerelektrode (2.43, 3.43) eine Platinelektrode mit einem Elektrodenpotential von -3,04 V (Lithium) bis +1 ,52 V (Gold) ist.  the control electrode (2.43, 3.43) is a platinum electrode with an electrode potential of -3.04 V (lithium) to +1.52 V (gold).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, 2. Device according to claim 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass sich die Druck-Anregungseinrichtung (3.511) in einer Umhüllung (16) befindet, die auf der Innenseite oder der Außenseite mit einer Wärmeisolierung (17) versehen ist.  in that the pressure excitation device (3.511) is located in a casing (16) which is provided on the inside or the outside with a heat insulation (17).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, 3. Apparatus according to claim 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Druck-Anregungseinrichtung (3.511) und weitere Druck-Anregungseinrichtungen (3.512), die untereinander hydraulisch verbunden sind, in einer gemeinsamen Umhüllung (16) angeordnet sind und  the pressure-excitation device (3.511) and further pressure-excitation devices (3.512), which are hydraulically connected to one another, are arranged in a common sheath (16) and
dass jede Druck-Anregungseinrichtung (3.511 , 3.512) eine eigene Hochleistungsquelle (8) aufweist, die an eine eigene oder eine gemeinsame Stromversorgung (8.1) angeschlossen ist.  in that each pressure excitation device (3.511, 3.512) has its own high-power source (8) which is connected to its own or a common power supply (8.1).
EP12810065.8A 2011-10-01 2012-10-01 Hydraulic device for generating snow Active EP2761238B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RS20180589A RS57348B1 (en) 2011-10-01 2012-10-01 Hydraulic device for generating snow
PL12810065T PL2761238T3 (en) 2011-10-01 2012-10-01 Hydraulic device for generating snow
SI201231305T SI2761238T1 (en) 2011-10-01 2012-10-01 Hydraulic device for generating snow
HRP20180786TT HRP20180786T1 (en) 2011-10-01 2018-05-21 Hydraulic device for generating snow

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SK992011 2011-10-01
PCT/EP2012/004110 WO2013045116A2 (en) 2011-10-01 2012-10-01 Method, in particular for generating snow, and device for carrying out the method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2761238A2 true EP2761238A2 (en) 2014-08-06
EP2761238B1 EP2761238B1 (en) 2018-02-21

Family

ID=47504783

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12810065.8A Active EP2761238B1 (en) 2011-10-01 2012-10-01 Hydraulic device for generating snow

Country Status (31)

Country Link
US (1) US10634407B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2761238B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6157480B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20140082984A (en)
CN (1) CN104011486B (en)
AP (1) AP2014007576A0 (en)
AU (1) AU2012314851B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112014007477A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2850562A1 (en)
CY (1) CY1120243T1 (en)
DK (1) DK2761238T3 (en)
EA (1) EA029339B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2670521T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1200524A1 (en)
HR (1) HRP20180786T1 (en)
HU (1) HUE037623T2 (en)
IL (1) IL231805A0 (en)
LT (1) LT2761238T (en)
MD (1) MD4533C1 (en)
MX (1) MX2014003722A (en)
MY (1) MY168061A (en)
NO (1) NO2761238T3 (en)
NZ (1) NZ623658A (en)
PL (1) PL2761238T3 (en)
PT (1) PT2761238T (en)
RS (1) RS57348B1 (en)
SG (2) SG10201602480TA (en)
SI (1) SI2761238T1 (en)
TR (1) TR201807081T4 (en)
UA (1) UA108714C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2013045116A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2701329C1 (en) * 2019-04-18 2019-09-25 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) Artificial snow production method for agriculture

Family Cites Families (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3706414A (en) * 1970-10-07 1972-12-19 Herman K Dupre Apparatus for making snow
JPS6226467A (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-04 新菱冷熱工業株式会社 Method of forming ice on outside of heat transfer surface
JPH03251668A (en) * 1990-02-28 1991-11-11 Nkk Corp Artificial method for producing snow and equipment therefor
JPH04116362A (en) * 1990-09-05 1992-04-16 Nkk Corp Artificial snow making and device thereof
SK279429B6 (en) * 1991-11-27 1998-11-04 Chemickotechnologická Fakulta Stu Method of liquid's composition and properties determination
US5400965A (en) * 1992-06-01 1995-03-28 Ratnik Industries, Inc. Automated snow-making system
JPH06257917A (en) * 1993-03-01 1994-09-16 Kioritz Corp Artificial snow falling machine
ATE240498T1 (en) * 1995-11-13 2003-05-15 Snow Economics Inc DEVICE FOR MAKING SNOW
JP3152143B2 (en) * 1996-01-31 2001-04-03 日本鋼管株式会社 How to make artificial snow
US6161769A (en) * 1997-12-16 2000-12-19 Boyne Usa, Inc. Adjustable snow making tower
RU2137061C1 (en) * 1998-01-13 1999-09-10 Дочерное предприятие "СНЕГОВАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ. Международное проектное бюро Фрьолер" Device for production of artificial snow
RU2141082C1 (en) * 1998-01-13 1999-11-10 Дочернее предприятие "СНЕГОВАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ. Международное проектное бюро Фрьолер" Device for making artificial snow
AU2284199A (en) * 1998-02-06 1999-08-23 York Neige Snow, ice particle generator, or nucleation device, integrated in a pressurised water spray head for making artificial snow
US6032872A (en) * 1998-05-11 2000-03-07 Dupre; Herman K. Apparatus and method for making snow
US6182906B1 (en) * 2000-01-19 2001-02-06 Herman K. Dupre Lightweight snow making tower
JP2001304732A (en) * 2000-04-19 2001-10-31 Yomei Denki Kogyo Kk Method and equipment for forming space that can make snowfall, method of making artificial snowfall and snowfall making equipment
RU2226249C2 (en) * 2001-10-04 2004-03-27 Кастерин Дмитрий Сергеевич Device for artificial snow production
JP2003329346A (en) * 2002-05-08 2003-11-19 Iceman Corp Snow-making machine
KR100614227B1 (en) * 2005-01-03 2006-08-21 엘지전자 주식회사 A removable water heater for a refrigerator
CA2593554C (en) * 2005-01-13 2013-11-12 Charles N. Santry Freeze-proof water valve for supplying secondary water to a snow making apparatus
GB0521364D0 (en) 2005-10-20 2005-11-30 Walsh Barltrop Sharon Mattress cover and harness system
DE102006012589A1 (en) 2006-03-16 2007-09-27 Fleissner Gmbh composite layer
JP4199303B2 (en) * 2006-12-20 2008-12-17 アイスマン株式会社 Snow making promotion device and snow making promoting method
US7874500B2 (en) * 2008-05-19 2011-01-25 Santry Charles N Snow making apparatus
US20090294547A1 (en) * 2008-05-29 2009-12-03 Takumi Ichinomiya Snow making apparatus and method
WO2009145771A1 (en) * 2008-05-29 2009-12-03 Takumi Ichinomiya Snow making apparatus and method
BE1019114A3 (en) * 2009-12-16 2012-03-06 Atlas Copco Airpower Nv DEVICE FOR MAKING ARTIFICIAL SNOW.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2013045116A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1200524A1 (en) 2015-08-07
PL2761238T3 (en) 2018-09-28
MX2014003722A (en) 2014-06-23
IL231805A0 (en) 2014-05-28
TR201807081T4 (en) 2018-06-21
SG11201401139VA (en) 2014-07-30
AU2012314851A1 (en) 2014-04-24
SG10201602480TA (en) 2016-05-30
NZ623658A (en) 2016-05-27
EA029339B1 (en) 2018-03-30
EA201400400A1 (en) 2014-07-30
MY168061A (en) 2018-10-11
BR112014007477A2 (en) 2017-04-04
UA108714C2 (en) 2015-05-25
PT2761238T (en) 2018-05-25
DK2761238T3 (en) 2018-06-06
SI2761238T1 (en) 2018-08-31
MD20140031A2 (en) 2014-10-31
KR20140082984A (en) 2014-07-03
US20140246511A1 (en) 2014-09-04
MD4533C1 (en) 2018-06-30
CN104011486A (en) 2014-08-27
US10634407B2 (en) 2020-04-28
ES2670521T3 (en) 2018-05-30
CN104011486B (en) 2016-10-12
AP2014007576A0 (en) 2014-04-30
RS57348B1 (en) 2018-08-31
LT2761238T (en) 2018-06-11
WO2013045116A2 (en) 2013-04-04
AU2012314851B2 (en) 2017-05-25
WO2013045116A3 (en) 2013-12-19
HUE037623T2 (en) 2018-09-28
JP2014534403A (en) 2014-12-18
EP2761238B1 (en) 2018-02-21
JP6157480B2 (en) 2017-07-05
NO2761238T3 (en) 2018-07-21
CY1120243T1 (en) 2019-07-10
CA2850562A1 (en) 2013-04-04
HRP20180786T1 (en) 2018-08-10
MD4533B1 (en) 2017-11-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2761238B1 (en) Hydraulic device for generating snow
DE102019135308A1 (en) Method and apparatus for aligning particles in a paste
DE3014839A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ELECTRODIALYSIS
WO2011050789A2 (en) Small power plant and method and device for obtaining high purity hydrogen
DE202011103140U1 (en) Apparatus for cooling buried power cables
DE10307803B4 (en) compressor plant
DE102011107685A1 (en) Method and apparatus for recovering heat energy from coils
DE102016223023B4 (en) Liquid evaporator with a heating device and an open-pore metallic structure
DE1600977A1 (en) Heatable valve manifold
DE102012218646A1 (en) Fuel cell system has guide element arranged between two fuel cell blocks, so that anode gas current is guided from output of anode side of first fuel cell block to input of anode side of second fuel cell block
EP1541727A1 (en) Reduction of the pressure in the texturing nozzle and yarn texturing
DE2229630B2 (en) Device for continuous surface treatment
DE102019220610A1 (en) Device for deionizing water and method for deionizing water
DE10353059A1 (en) Assembly to yield clean water, from atmospheric air, has a turbine to accelerate the air flow through two multi-circuit evaporators for the condensation to be caught by water separators
DE102018201253A1 (en) Method for the frost start of a fuel cell system and fuel cell system for the application of the method
EP0503242B1 (en) Apparatus for the magnetic treatment of flowing hard water
DE19727357A1 (en) Physical water treatment apparatus and method
AT518169A4 (en) WATER RECOVERY DEVICE
DE19910707A1 (en) Process for treating graphite comprises applying a pressure gradient to a graphite fill or graphite suspension and accelerating the fill or suspension during transition from a first to a second region
DE102020006170A1 (en) Device for media routing, pipeline and fuel cell system
Strasser Bernard Bolzano und Franz Grillparzer oder Libussas verschiedene Gesichte
Balkhausen et al. Der Weltmarkt für Getreide
Ipsen Zur „Verbände “-Diskussion
AT85934B (en) Method and apparatus for separating suspended particles from gases by means of high-voltage electricity.
WO2019101254A1 (en) Method for accumulating water from the environmental air and for obtaining drinking water by means of ionization

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20140620

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: GREGA, SAMUEL

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20150616

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20170915

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502012012222

Country of ref document: DE

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 972203

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20180315

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: RO

Ref legal event code: EPE

Ref country code: HR

Ref legal event code: TUEP

Ref document number: P20180786

Country of ref document: HR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Ref document number: 2761238

Country of ref document: PT

Date of ref document: 20180525

Kind code of ref document: T

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 20180518

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2670521

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20180530

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Effective date: 20180531

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: T2

Effective date: 20180221

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HR

Ref legal event code: T1PR

Ref document number: P20180786

Country of ref document: HR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: EE

Ref legal event code: FG4A

Ref document number: 015831

Country of ref document: EE

Effective date: 20180520

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180221

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HU

Ref legal event code: AG4A

Ref document number: E037623

Country of ref document: HU

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180221

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref document number: 20180401389

Country of ref document: GR

Effective date: 20181012

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502012012222

Country of ref document: DE

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20181030

Year of fee payment: 7

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HR

Ref legal event code: ODRP

Ref document number: P20180786

Country of ref document: HR

Payment date: 20181119

Year of fee payment: 7

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20181030

Year of fee payment: 7

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20181122

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20181030

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: SK

Payment date: 20181112

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20181029

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20181113

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: HU

Payment date: 20181203

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: NO

Payment date: 20181101

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20181030

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20181030

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: IS

Payment date: 20181030

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: LT

Payment date: 20181113

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20181123

Year of fee payment: 14

Ref country code: MK

Payment date: 20181030

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: BG

Payment date: 20181030

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: LV

Payment date: 20181030

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: SM

Payment date: 20181127

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: MT

Payment date: 20181030

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: HR

Payment date: 20181119

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20181123

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Payment date: 20181126

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20191121

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: CZ

Payment date: 20191115

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Payment date: 20191112

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20191112

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20191128

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20191121

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20191121

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HR

Ref legal event code: PBON

Ref document number: P20180786

Country of ref document: HR

Effective date: 20191001

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20191120

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FI

Ref legal event code: MAE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

Effective date: 20191031

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: MMEP

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20191101

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Ref document number: E 27385

Country of ref document: SK

Effective date: 20191001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MM4D

Effective date: 20191001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191001

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191001

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200506

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191001

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191001

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191001

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191031

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200506

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191031

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20191031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191002

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191101

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191002

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191001

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191001

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191031

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200531

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200507

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191001

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20210301

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502012012222

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191002

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 972203

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20201001

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20201001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201031

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210501

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201002

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201001

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201031

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201031

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SI

Ref legal event code: KO00

Effective date: 20210812

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201001