EP2756131A1

EP2756131A1 - Switch heating system

Info

Publication number: EP2756131A1
Application number: EP12759044.6A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Reiner Wittig; Michael Funke
Original assignee: TripleS-GmbH
Current assignee: Triples-Systeme GmbH
Priority date: 2011-09-13
Filing date: 2012-08-28
Publication date: 2014-07-23
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-28
Also published as: DK2756131T3; WO2013037635A1; EA029004B1; PL2756131T3; NO2756131T3; EP2756131B1; EA201400344A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a switch heating system having one or more heat exchangers (4, 4', 4", 52, 61, 82, 82', 82"), wherein a heat exchanger (4, 4', 4", 52, 61, 82, 82', 82") can be detachably connected by means of a fastening element (30, 40, 54, 64, 88) to and/or accommodated in a stock rail (1, 1') and/or a switch rail (7") and/or a slide chair (50, 80, 80', 80") having a slide chair plate (51, 81, 81', 81"), respectively.

Description

Points heating system

The invention relates to a point heating system for maintaining the function of railway turnouts in frost and snow, which comprise at least one stock rail and at least one tongue rail and which at least one slide chair is associated with Gleitstuhlplatte. Railway turnouts are, by definition, track constructions for track judgment and association.

Turnouts are incorporated in track-guided traffic to branch railways, to turn sideways or swerve, to allow overtaking, to bypass sections, and so on. In this case, moving parts of a switch are moved back and forth, thus initiating a change of direction within tracks.

It is important to have points with the highest possible availability. If things do not work properly, the operator incurs unreasonably high costs due to delay minutes and diversions or detours. Efforts are being made to replace high-maintenance switches with low-maintenance ones, but the heaters and lubrication points on drives, locks and hinges remain as maintenance points.

There are points heaters that are operated with hot water, hot steam, gas, electric or with heat pumps. Operation with superheated steam and gas is very dangerous. Again and again, there are serious accidents at work dealing with the fuel. The maintenance and repair is very complex and costly and therefore not very desirable for the operator. In addition to the increased risk potential, it is also a fact that ice and snow removal with the known systems consumes enormous energy and maintenance costs.

The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of point heaters depends largely on the heat transfer between the heating cables and the switch parts to be heated. From DE 1277290 it is known that a self-hardening plastic compound is applied between the radiators and the surfaces to be heated, which is mixed with metal in powder form for the purpose of achieving a good heat transfer. At the same time, the mass used is the mechanical support of the radiator to the Support rail parts. The radiators are pipes through which a heated fluid flows. The tubes may be clamped with springs, and between the tubes and the heated surfaces a self-hardening plastic mass enriched with aluminum, iron or similar thermally conductive metal powders is arranged in order to achieve a good heat transfer. Through the pipes a strongly heated in a boiler liquid is pumped, such as a heating fluid, eg. As linseed oil or glycerin, which has a high evaporation point and a low freezing point.

From DE 202005021255 U1 and EP 01645688 A2 discloses a heating device with a fastened on a rail side, frontally closed cover box is known which extends substantially between the rail head and rail and are arranged in the heating elements, which provided with a provided outside the cover box heater in Connection stand. The heating elements are formed in the cover by at least two, a liquid heating medium, preferably water, leading channels, which are embedded in a rail profile adapted body of good heat conducting material, preferably aluminum. The cover box is thermally insulated and sealed against the rail head and the rail foot and provided on its inside with a Wärmeisoliermantel.

From FR 2244053 A1 a heated pipe for heating the web of a rail of the switch is known, which is acted upon by an externally heated liquid.

From EP 0247693 A1 it is known to heat the rail feet of the switch in the region of the tongue device from below by means of a special metallic line block for heated liquids.

From DE 3037721 A1 a heat pipe for exploiting the heat capacity of the soil is known. It is intended to prevent freezing of switches, hydrants, water pipes and icing of driveways, bridges, runways and roads. An application in points is not disclosed.

EP 1262597 A2 also discloses a geothermal system and a method of heating railway sleepers, in which a heat conducting device comprises a duct whose wall is in heat-conducting contact with a rail part and is connected to a ducting system extending to a predetermined depth extends in the underground, to draw from there via a circulating liquid heat or cold. The piping system is equipped with a heat pump and a heat exchanger to transfer heat from the groundwater and increase the temperature of the liquid heating the rail. In the concrete embodiments, the channels are arranged from sheet metal between the stock rail and tongue device on the web of the stock rail and also on the foot of the tongue rail. The sheet metal can be welded to the rail, screwed on or held with a clamp. A heat-conducting paste can also be arranged between the channel and the rail and the channel on the tongue rail can be thermally insulated from the outside air.

The arrangement between the stock rail and tongue rail is not optimal, since there is little space. The attachment of the sheet metal channels also appears awkward.

WO 2009/109664 describes a heating system for heating railroad crossings, in which a heating line through which liquid flows has at least one wall in heat-conducting contact with a rail part and is connected to a line system which preferably draws heat from the underground via a circulating liquid.

The heating system according to WO 2009/109664 has shown that known devices for the winter operation of points do not ensure sufficient operational readiness in all weather conditions. This results in additional costs for the operator, in addition to the costs due to schedule deviations, as well as unreasonably high costs due to delay minutes and diversions or detours.

The object of the invention is to enable a high operational readiness of railway turnouts at the same time minimized maintenance even under difficult climatic conditions.

This object is solved by the features of the independent claim. Further developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

In general, in the context of this description, a railway turntable may, in particular, be a tongue switch. A switch may have tongue rails tongue rails, wherein a tongue rail each associated with a stock rail can and / or in each case be movable relative to an associated stock rail, for example, to switch a switch. In particular, it can be provided that a tongue rail can be applied to a stock rail in a contact area provided for this purpose. Sliding chairs may be designed to provide a tongue rail with a base on which it can be slidably mounted. Alternatively or additionally, a slide chair may be designed to hold a stock rail laterally, in particular from the side on which the tongue rail associated with the stock rail is arranged. A slide chair may comprise a slide chair plate which may be adapted to provide a pad for the tongue rail to support it, and / or to hold a stock rail laterally, such as by clamping. It is conceivable that a slide chair has a base plate which can be firmly connected or connectable to an earth-resistant base such as a threshold and / or a concrete pad of the switch, for example by pouring and / or a suitable anchoring and / or fastening nails or fastening bolts. A Gleitstuhlplatte a sliding chair can be firmly connected to the base plate or connectable. In particular, the Gleitstuhlplatte may be integrally and / or materially formed with the base plate and / or be forged or welded together. Alternatively or additionally, base plate and Gleitstuhlplatte can be positively and / or non-positively connected to each other and / or riveted together and / or screwed. Generally, the slide chair plate may be disposed above the base plate. The base plate may be disposed between the slide chair plate and a base of the slide chair, such as a sill or a concrete substrate. As components of a switch, in particular one or more stock rails, one or more associated tongue rails and one or more sliding chairs can be considered. A switch can store any tongue rail on its associated, separately formed sliding chairs. A heat exchanger may generally be configured to carry a heating fluid or heating medium. A heating fluid or heating medium may comprise a liquid and / or a gas, such as water and / or oil and / or a water / glycol mixture and / or superheated steam and / or combustion exhaust gases. It is conceivable that a heat exchanger or heat exchanger is designed to be brought into a heat-conducting contact with a component of the railway switch and / or to be in a thermally conductive contact with a component of the railway switch. In particular, a heat exchanger may be designed to heat the component of the switch assigned to it. Such components may in particular be a rail, such as a stock rail or a tongue rail, and / or a sliding chair, in particular a base plate and / or a Slide chair. It is conceivable that more than one heat exchanger is arranged on a component, in particular a rail, such as a stock rail or tongue rail, arranged one behind the other over the course of the rail. Such heat exchangers can be designed identically. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that heat exchangers are arranged or can be arranged on different such components. For example, a heat exchanger may be arranged on a stock rail and / or another heat exchanger on a tongue rail and / or a heat exchanger on a sliding chair. The arrangement of a heat exchanger to a component of a switch may in particular comprise the bringing of the heat exchanger in heat-conducting contact. A thermally conductive contact may generally be a direct contact between the heat exchanger and the component in question, such as a rail or a slide chair. It can also be provided that a heat-conducting contact is provided indirectly via an element arranged therebetween or can be arranged, for example via a thermal paste or heat-conducting cement. A heat exchanger may generally be provided to allow and / or to produce a heat conduction between a heating fluid or heating medium guided in its interior and that component with which it is or can be brought into heat-conducting contact. In particular, it can be provided that the heat exchanger with one or more walls or wall areas is able to stand in a thermally conductive contact with a component of the switch. In this case, at least one corresponding wall region of the heat exchanger may consist of a suitable, highly thermally conductive material and / or be formed such that its profile can be applied and / or adapted to a corresponding wall region of the component, so that the heat exchanger is received at least partially in the component or can be receivable. A heat exchanger may comprise one or more channels and / or one or more flow fields for guiding a heating medium in its interior region, in particular on the inside of a wall region provided for heat conduction, and / or corresponding connections via which the heating medium can be supplied and removed. A heat exchanger may have at least one channel guided in one or more arcs. The sheets may in particular be semicircularly guided sheets. It is conceivable that a fastening element is fixed or fastened in a fixed manner, for example to a component of a switch and / or to devices fixed relative to the switch or one of its components. In a variant, a fastening element may be designed to fasten and / or hold an associated heat exchanger. In particular, a fastening element may be provided to a To hold heat exchanger such that it is in heat transfer contact with its associated component of the switch is or held. A fastening element may be designed to engage and / or be supported on the corresponding component and / or on a point that is fixedly arranged and / or held relative to this component. A detachable connection of a heat exchanger by means of a fastening element can mean that the fastening element and / or the corresponding heat exchanger can be removed or detached without having to disassemble a component which is larger and / or heavier than the fastening element and / or the heat exchanger, in particular without having to disassemble a component of the rail switch such as a rail or a slide chair. A releasable connection may comprise a screw connection and / or a clamp connection. It is conceivable that a detachable connection can be solved essentially non-destructive. For a releasable connection by means of a fastening element can be provided that the fastening element is arranged or can be arranged so that it is accessible, in particular accessible so that no major components or objects must be removed for access. A fastener may be formed as a fastener with one or more fastener components. Mounting components may include, for example, retainers and / or screws and / or fittings and / or anchors and / or clamps and / or brackets and / or mounting bodies and similar components. The inclusion of a heat exchanger in a component of a switch, in particular within a sliding chair, may include that the heat exchanger is at least partially received in a receiving space of the component and / or surrounded by one or more walls of the component. In particular, a heat exchanger can be considered to be included in a component if it is surrounded by at least two, at least three, at least four sides of a wall or a wall region of the component and / or can apply it, optionally via an intermediate layer such as a thermal grease and / or a Wärmeleitzement. A point heating system may generally include one or more heat exchangers. Further, a point heating system may include and / or be connectable to one or more heat sources, such as burners, geothermal sources, and / or electrically powered sources. One or more fluid pumps may be provided. A points heating system may have pipes and / or hoses, via which a heating fluid heated by a heat source can be guided to the heat exchanger or heat exchangers. Accordingly, the one or more heat exchangers can be connected to the pipes or hoses. One Insulating element may generally be a thermally insulating element. It is conceivable that an insulation element comprises or consists of a heat-insulating material, such as a heat-insulating foam and / or a plastic, such as polystyrene and / or polyurethane. A sealing element such as a sealing rubber may be provided to provide a fluidic seal. In particular, a sealing element may be designed to fluidically seal a volume guiding a heating fluid or heating medium and / or a corresponding tube against escaping heating fluid.

It is a point heating system for maintaining the function of railway turnouts in frost and snow provided, the railway turnouts include each cheek rails and tongue rails, and the railway switches are each associated with Gleitstuhl chairs with Gleitstuhlplatten. One or more heat exchangers are provided, wherein a heat exchanger is in each case detachably connected or connectable to a stock rail and / or a tongue rail and / or a sliding chair with a slide chair plate by means of a fastening element and / or is received or receivable therein. Thus, heat exchangers can be easily attached to the switch system and solve about for maintenance purposes. In addition, an existing space is used optimally and at the same time provided a good heat-conducting contact. It can be provided that the tongue rails, stock rails and sliding chairs are each assigned at least one heat exchanger. However, it is also conceivable that the points heating system is intended to not heat all types of components. Thus, the point heating system may be configured to heat one or more tongue diverters and / or one or more jaws and / or one or more sliding chairs. For this purpose, the points heating system can have corresponding heat exchangers, which can be detachably connected to the corresponding components or connectable and / or can be accommodated or accommodated therein. The detachable connection with a component may in particular mean that the heat transferable is brought into a heat-conducting contact with the corresponding component or brought and / or held or held in such a component. In particular, a fastening element can have a retaining clip, which can be connected or connectable to a rail, in particular a stock rail or tongue rail. The headband may have a rail overlap, which is able to engage over a rail foot. It can be provided that the rail overlap is designed such that it corresponds to a shape of a rail foot of a rail to which it is to be attached. Thus, the headband to different types of Be adapted to rail profiles. The rail overlap can have a support strand, which can transition into the rail overlap. It is conceivable that the retaining strand can be applied to an underside of a rail foot. In particular, the support strand may be planar and have a length which at least corresponds to or exceeds the width of the rail foot. Thus, the rail overlap and the support strand can be applied to a rail profile from below or be applied. The rail overlap can be designed to hook into the rail foot. The headband may further comprise a tensioning device. In particular, a counter clamping plate may be provided on the headband. The counter clamping plate can be integrally formed with the support strand. On the counter clamping plate, a clamping device may be attached, which may be clamped by a clamping device such as a screw with the counter clamping plate. The clamping device may have a clamping bracket, which can be braced and / or supported via a supporting device against an outer side of a heat exchanger to be fastened to the rail. The clamping bracket can be movable in a non-tensioned state relative to the retaining strand, in particular rotatable. In the clamped state, such as when a bracing device is tightened, for example by tightening a screw a screw, the clamp can be held stationary relative to the support strand. It can be provided that the retaining strand, the rail overlap and the tensioning device are dimensioned such that the fastening element can be applied to a rail and a heat exchanger to be fastened thereto such that the heat exchanger is fastened by the clamped clamping bracket and connected to the rail in such a way in that a thermally conductive contact is established. The support strand may be configured to interconnect the rail overlap and the bracing device. The tensioning device can be arranged with respect to the retaining strand on the side opposite the rail overlap side of the fastening element. The rail overlap may extend upwards relative to the support strand. The bracing device may alternatively or additionally extend upwards relative to the retaining strand. Between clamping bracket and counter clamping plate may be provided an intermediate disc. The intermediate disc and / or the retaining strand and / or the clamping strap may have a contact device, to which a rail foot is able to apply. It is conceivable that the application devices are designed to be complementary to one another in such a way that, in the tensioned state, a profile of a rail foot is at least partially received and / or applied in a contact profile formed by the application devices. The contact profile can be the rail foot from above and below at least partially surrounded to prevent displacement of the fastener. The contact profile may be formed at a comparable height relative to the support strand as the rail overlap. A screw can be provided to pull the clamp and / or the washer to the counter clamping plate and / or to clamp it. The clamping bracket may have a clamping strand which is opposite the support strand at an angle which may be between 15 and 75 degrees, in particular between 30 and 60 degrees, in particular between 40 and 50 degrees, in particular about 45 degrees. At the clamping strand, the support means may be arranged. Clamping strand and support device may be integrally formed. It is conceivable that the clamping strand is arranged at an angle that it is able to bear against an outer region of a rail foot. Accordingly, a contact device may be formed by the clamping strand. A complementary application device can be easily provided by a corresponding angled surface of the washer or the retaining clip. The support device may have at least one support surface, which may be brought into surface contact with the heat exchanger.

A heat exchanger can each be detachably connected or connectable to a rail web between a rail head and a rail foot of a stock rail and / or on a rail web between a rail head and a rail of a tongue rail. By connecting a thermally conductive contact can be made. The rail web provides a relatively large contact surface for a heat exchanger and thus provides a good way to transfer heat to the rail. A fastener may each be provided to provide a releasable connection. A heat exchanger assigned to a stock rail can be configured differently and / or with regard to its performance data differently than a heat exchanger assigned to a tongue rail. This applies in particular to the respective profile intended for application to the respective rail, which profile can be adapted in each case to the rail.

In one variant, the heat exchanger can have an aluminum profile, an insulation element, a sealing rubber and a cover plate, which can be glued to one another by adhesive surfaces. Such a heat exchanger is simple and inexpensive to produce.

It can be provided that the heat exchanger has an aluminum profile, an insulating element, a sealing rubber and a cover plate, wherein the Cover plate between a groove and a clamping edge is clamped or clamped. Such a construction is easy to assemble.

In each case, a fastener may be provided to engage around a rail of a stock rail and / or a rail of a tongue rail, wherein a heat exchanger can be connected by means of the fastener releasably connected to the web of the stock rail or tongue rail or connectable. Thus, the heat exchanger can be attached directly to the rail, which space can be saved. In addition, such mounted on a tongue rail heat exchanger can move with this, the switch should be switched. A fastener may in particular be designed to encompass either the stock rail or the tongue rail to connect an associated heat exchanger.

It is conceivable that a fastener comprises a headband, a clamp, a threaded stud, a backup washer and a hex nut. Such a fastener is particularly suitable for connecting a heat exchanger with a rail. The fastening element can be fastened to a component of the switch and / or base and / or a corresponding object provided fixedly to the rail.

The points heating system may have an additional heating, which comprises a pipe and a heat exchanger, which is arranged or can be arranged between two slide chairs between tongue rail and stock rail and connected via a fastener releasably connected to the stock rail or connectable. This makes it possible to heat a region between slide chairs and / or sleepers. In particular, it can be provided that the corresponding heat exchanger is arranged between two sleepers, which in each case one of the two Gleitstühle is assigned and / or on which in each case one of the two Gleitstühle is attached. The sliders or sleepers may be track-side adjacent sliders or sleepers.

It is conceivable that a heat exchanger between a Gleitstuhlplatte and a base plate of a sliding chair is arranged or can be arranged to be received in the sliding chair. In particular, the heat exchanger can be inserted into a receiving space between the base plate and Gleitstuhlplatte. A detachable connection can optionally be achieved in that the heat exchanger Surrounded by walls of the receiving space and is therefore unable to change its position. The heat exchanger can be used such that it is in heat-conducting contact with the base plate and / or the Gleitstuhlplatte and / or a side wall of the slide chair directly or via an intermediate element such as a thermal grease. It is conceivable that the heat exchanger is inserted into a receiving space before the base plate and Gleitstuhlplatte are fastened together. Alternatively, the heat exchanger can be used in the receiving space via an access opening provided in the sliding chair. Such an access opening may be provided approximately at an underside of the base plate. It is conceivable that in the base plate an upwardly open recess or an upwardly open profile is provided, in which the heat exchanger is inserted or used. An upwardly open profile may be open towards the slide chair plate. The profile can be closed down to be in heat-conducting contact with the heat exchanger can. For example, the profile may be drilled, milled or cast into the baseplate. The profile may be channel-shaped. In one variant, the profile may describe one or more curves and / or have at least one turn in which a flow direction of the heating medium can be reversed. It is conceivable that the heat exchanger is designed as a tube or hose, which is used or inserted into the profile. The heat exchanger may be held or durable by the wall of the profile within the profile. It is conceivable that between a wall of the profile and the heat exchanger, a heat conducting element such as a thermal paste is arranged or can be arranged.

In particular, the heat exchanger can be arranged or arranged in a recess in the Gleitstuhlplatte and / or the base plate. The receiving space may be correspondingly formed by one or more recesses. It is conceivable that the recess of the Gleitstuhlplatte downwards, in the direction of the base plate, is open, while the recess in the base plate may be open at the top. In one variant, the recess in the base plate is open at the bottom and provides an access opening.

It is conceivable that heat exchangers are supplied by hose lines with a heating medium or can be supplied. Hose lines are easy to lay and replace. In a further development it can be provided that at the beginning of the tongue of a tongue rail in front of a sliding chair, a snow protection is arranged or can be arranged. Thus, it can be prevented that snow is blown or transported from the rail direction on the switch.

The snow guard may be formed as arranged in front of the slide chair or can be arranged plate. Such a plate provides a reliable and easy to install snow protection.

It is conceivable that the snow guard at the beginning of the tongue comprises two plates which are spaced or can be spaced apart from the cheek rails. Thus, it can be prevented that the snow protection interferes with the switch operation.

It can generally be provided that the fastening element comprises a retaining clip with a receptacle for a temperature sensor arranged thereon. It is conceivable that a temperature sensor is included in the recording. The temperature sensor can thus be arranged easily and protected near a component of the switch to be heated.

Alternatively or additionally, a point heating system for maintaining the integrity of railway turnouts in frost and snow is described, which include cheek rails and tongue rails and which are associated with Gleitstuhlplatten Gleitstuhl, with the Weichenschienen, i. the rails in the area of the railway switch, and the sliding chairs with Gleitstuhlplatten heat exchangers are releasably connected by means of fastening elements.

The heat exchangers heat is supplied here by means of a heating medium. From the heat exchanger, the heat is supplied to the jaw rails and tongue rails of the railway turnouts. As a heat source for the heating medium in the primary cycle preferably renewable energy, such as geothermal, are used.

A first heat exchanger is preferably arranged on the stock rail between the rail head and rail. For stock rails, also called Vignole rails, various profile shapes are known. In Western Europe, the profile S49, S54 and UIC-60 is widespread, whereas in Eastern Europe and Russia the higher profile S65 or R65 is common. The invention is not limited to the mentioned profiles, but is suitable for all common stock rails, including grooved rails. The first heat exchanger can be representative of a first type of heat exchanger or an arrangement of a heat exchanger.

It is particularly advantageous if the heating line of the heat exchanger consists of round metal or plastic pipes, which are inserted into a corresponding receiving device.

Aluminum is known to have a high thermal conductivity and can be formed in a few seconds in die casting, with other materials such as copper, have good thermal conductivity. The receiving device is therefore advantageously made of a good heat-conducting material, such as aluminum. The heat exchanger therefore preferably consists of the following elements: an aluminum profile, an insulating element, a sealing rubber element and a cover plate.

The aluminum profile, the insulating element, the sealing rubber element and the cover plate can be mounted in a form-fitting, non-positive or cohesive manner, wherein combinations of the joining techniques are also included.

In a first embodiment, the aluminum profile, the insulating element, the sealing rubber element and the cover plate are glued together. In another embodiment, an aluminum profile is used, which comprises grooves or clamping edges or a combination of both. For example, for this purpose, the pipeline is arranged in correspondingly shaped recesses of the aluminum profile and covered with a complementary profile to the aluminum profile insulation element. On the insulating element, a sealing rubber element and a cover plate are arranged, wherein the cover plate engages in the groove and clamping edge of the aluminum profile and so releasably fixes the sealing rubber element, the insulating element and the pipe in the aluminum profile and thus allows repair and service measures on the heat exchanger easy.

When mounting the first heat exchanger to the stock rail, it is advantageous to provide the contact surface between the heat exchanger and the rail with a heat conducting element in order to ensure a good heat transfer from the heat exchanger to the rail. Gluing the heat exchanger to the rail is not useful because the different thermal expansion coefficients of the heat exchanger and the rails to harmful voltages in the heat exchanger to destruction can lead the same. Disassembly of the heat exchanger for maintenance purposes is made difficult by sticking heat exchanger and rail.

It is therefore advantageous to attach the first heat exchanger by means of releasable fastening elements on the jaw and tongue rails. For this purpose, fastening elements are provided which encompass the rail foot. The fasteners consist of a headband, a clamp, a threaded bolt, a backup washer and a hex nut. Since jaw and tongue rails are different in their geometric dimensions, different fasteners are provided for jaw and tongue rails.

In addition to the first heat exchanger, additional heat exchangers may be provided on the slide chairs with Gleitstuhlplatten. Such second heat exchangers may be considered representative of a second type of heat exchanger or an arrangement of a heat exchanger. These second heat exchangers are fastened by means of special fasteners releasably on the sliding chair. Again, special contact materials can be provided to improve the heat transfer from the heat exchanger to the slide chair, such as a thermal grease. In addition, suitable insulation may be provided to prevent unwanted heat dissipation into the environment.

An additional heating can be arranged in the area of the sliding chairs with Gleitstuhlplatten on the stock rail or the tongue rail in the area of the sliding chair between the tongue rail and stock rail. The auxiliary heater may have a representative of a third type of heat exchanger or an arrangement of a heat exchanger third heat exchanger. This third heat exchanger comprises at least one pipe with fastening straps.

Again, the use of thermally conductive material between the heat exchanger and rail is advantageous. To the side facing away from the rail, so the environment, the heat exchanger can be isolated.

A representative for a fourth type of heat exchanger fourth heat exchanger can be arranged in the sliding chairs between Gleitstuhlplatte and base plate. This fourth heat exchanger comprises at least one pipeline and is in Recesses of Gleitstuhlplatte and base plate arranged. Again, the use of thermally conductive material between the heat exchanger and Gleitstuhlplatte / base plate is advantageous.

The fourth heat exchanger can be arranged in a particularly advantageous manner in a cavity of the slide chair, wherein the cavity is formed by recesses in the slide chair plate and the base plate. This arrangement provides optimum protection of the heat exchanger against mechanical and corrosive environmental influences.

Furthermore, the fourth heat exchanger can be arranged in a recess of the base plate of the sliding chair particularly advantageous. This arrangement provides a very good protection of the heat exchanger against mechanical environmental influences.

The heat exchangers mentioned can be arranged in a secondary circuit and supplied via pipe or hose lines with a heating medium. The heating medium is acted upon by heat exchangers between primary and secondary circuit with heat.

At a tongue beginning of the tongue rail in front of the sliding chair, a snow guard can be arranged. This is preferably formed as arranged in front of the slide chair plate. Preferably, this comprises two spaced apart from the stock rails or spaced plates. These plates prevent snow from being introduced through snowdrifts or railway vehicles between the jaw and tongue rails. This contributes to the improvement of the efficiency of the points heating system.

The invention will be explained below with reference to drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a railway switch with

arranged snow protection,

Fig. 2 shows a section through a stock rail "with it

arranged first heat exchanger,

Fig. 3 left a section through a stock rail with

arranged thereon first heat exchanger and

Fastener, Fig. 3 right section through a tongue rail with

arranged thereon first heat exchanger and

Fastener,

Fig. 4 left a section through the stock rail with

an aluminum profile and indicated sealing rubber element with cover plate,

Fig. 4 right section through the tongue rail with

an aluminum profile and indicated sealing rubber element with cover plate,

5 is a perspective view of the jaw rail with arranged thereon first heat exchanger,

Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the stock rail

with the first heat exchanger,

Fig. 7 is a section in exploded view through the stock rail

with a first heat exchanger arranged thereon,

Fig. 8 is a section through the stock rail with a

arranged thereon first heat exchanger in

Exploded

9 shows a section through the aluminum profile with groove and

Clamping edge,

10 is a perspective view of the fastener for

a stock rail in mounted condition,

Fig. 1 1 is an exploded perspective view of

Fastener for the stock rail,

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the fastener for

the tongue rail in mounted condition, 12a is a perspective view of the fastening element for the tongue rail or the stock rail with it

arranged temperature sensor,

13 shows a section through a stock rail with first heat exchanger arranged thereon with aluminum profile with groove and clamping edge and a rail foot insulation,

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the sliding chair with

Gleitstuhlplatte and arranged second

Heat exchanger,

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of two Gleitstühle with

Gleitstuhlplatten, tongue rail, stock rail and arranged thereon additional heating,

Fig. 16 on the left a plan view of a first variant of the arrangement of

fourth heat exchanger in the area of the sliding chairs,

16 right side a plan view of a second variant of the arrangement of the fourth heat exchanger in the area of the Gleitstühle,

17 is an exploded perspective view of a sliding chair with fourth heat exchanger,

Fig. 18 is a plan view and sectional views of a first variant

a sliding chair with fourth heat exchanger,

Fig. 19 is a plan view and sectional views of a second variant

a sliding chair with fourth heat exchanger,

Fig. 20 is a plan view of a third variant of the arrangement of the fourth

Heat exchanger in the area of the sliding chairs,

Fig. 21 is a plan view of Gleitstuhls with Gleitstuhlplatte and it

arranged fourth heat exchanger, Fig. 22a is a side view of the third variant of the fourth

heat exchanger,

Fig. 22b is a sectional view of the third variant of the fourth

heat exchanger,

Fig. 22c is a plan view of the third variant of the fourth

heat exchanger,

Fig. 23a is a sectional view of the third variant of the sliding chair with

fourth heat exchanger,

Fig. 23b is a sectional view of the third variant of the sliding chair with

fourth heat exchanger.

Fig. 23c is a plan view of the third variant of the sliding chair with

fourth heat exchanger.

The indices used below identify the exemplified embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a railroad switch made of stock rails 1, 1 ^' and tongue rails 7 ^" with slide chairs 50, 80, 80 ^' , 80 ^" arranged on tongue beginning 71 with slide chair plates 51, 81, 81 ^' , 81 ^" and a snowguard 70. this snow protection 70 is disposed between opposing jaw rails 1, 1 ^'in the region of the slide plates 50, 80, ^80', 80 ^"on the tongue, the top 71 of the tongue rails ^7". the snow protection 70 may be embodied as metal plates and fixed to the sleepers. By the snow guard at the beginning of the tongue 71 of the tongue rails 7 ^"in front of the slide chairs 50, 80, 80 ^' , 80 ^" prevents snow from being introduced by snowdrifts or railway vehicles between stock rails 1, 1 ^' and tongue rails 7 ^" .

FIG. 2 shows the stock rail 1 with a first heat exchanger 4 arranged thereon in a sectional view. The first heat exchanger 4 is arranged between the rail head 2 and the rail foot 3. Between the first heat exchanger 4 and the web 8 of the stock rail 1 is to improve the Heat transfer provided a heat-conducting element 21, which preferably consists of heat-conducting cement. A pipe 5 for flow and return of a heat medium is embedded between an aluminum profile 1 1 and an insulating element 14. The web 8 of the stock rail 1 facing away from the side of the insulating member 14 is covered with a sealing rubber member 12 and enclosed by a cover plate 13.

FIG. 3 shows on the left a section through a stock rail 1 ^' . At the web 8 ^'of the stock rail 1 ^' , the first heat exchanger 4 ^'is arranged, which comprises an aluminum profile 1 1 ^' , a pipe 5 ^' , a sealing rubber element 12 ^' , an insulating element 14 ^' and a cover plate 13 ^' . The aluminum profile 1 1 ^' is between the rail head 2 ^' and rail foot 3 ^' on the web 8 ^{' of} the stock rail 1 ^' almost positively. Between the aluminum profile 1 1 ^' and the stock rail 1 ^' , an insulating element 14 ^'is arranged. The first heat exchanger 4 ^' is releasably fixed by a fastening element 30, which comprises a headband 31 and a clamping bracket 32, on the web 8 ^{' of} the stock rail 1 ^' . The headband 31 surrounds the rail foot 3 ^'of the stock rail 1 ^' .

Figure 3 on the right shows a section through a tongue rail 7 ^'with a rail head 2 ^"and a rail ^3". The first heat exchanger 4 ^"comprises an aluminum profile 1 ^1", a pipe ^5', a sealing rubber member 12 ^', an insulation member ^14' and a cover plate 13 ^" . ^" The aluminum profile 1 1 ^" is almost positively between head rail 2 ^" and rail 3 ^" on the web 8 ^{" of} the rail 7 ^" . An insulating element 14 ^"is arranged between the aluminum profile 11 ^" and the tongue rail 1 ^" .The heat exchanger 4 ^" is detachably fastened to the tongue rail 7 ^" by means of a fastening element 40 which comprises a retaining clip 41 and a clamping clip 42. The retaining clip 41 engages around the rail foot 3 ^"of the tongue rail 7 ^" .

FIG. 4 shows on the left a section drawn in thin lines through the stock rail 1 ^' . Between the rail head 2 ^' and the rail foot 3 ^{' of} the stock rail 1 ^' , the aluminum profile 1 1 ^{' of} the heat exchanger 4 ^'is arranged. By further thin dashed lines the sealing rubber element 12 ^' and the cover plate 13 ^{' are} indicated. The cover plate 13 ^' is arranged between a groove 23 ^' and a lower clamping edge 24 ^' clamped. 4 shows on the right a section through the tongue rail 7 ^" . Between the rail head 2 ^" and the rail foot 3 ^"of the tongue rail 7 ^" , the aluminum profile 1 1 ^"of the heat exchanger 4 ^{" is} arranged. By dashed lines the sealing rubber element 12 ^" and the cover plate 13 ^{" are} indicated. The cover plate 13 ^" is clamped between a groove 23 ^" and a lower clamping edge 24 ^" .

FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the stock rail 1 with the first heat exchanger 4 arranged thereon, which is arranged between the rail head 2 and rail foot 3 on the web 8. The connections of the heat exchanger 4 for flow and return of the heat medium are arranged on the pipe 5.

6 shows a perspective view of the stock rail 1 and the first heat exchanger 4 according to Figure 2 in an exploded view. From this representation, the individual components of the first heat exchanger 4 can be seen. The pipe 5 is located in an aluminum profile 1 1, which contacts the web 8 of the stock rail 1. The aluminum profile 1 1 engages in the insulation element 14. Forward and return of the pipe 5 are connected to a connecting element 15. The profiles of the insulating element 14 and the aluminum profile 1 1 are recessed in this area according to detail X, Y so that the pipe 5 is not crushed during assembly of the insulating member 14 with the aluminum profile 1 1. The aluminum profile 1 1 with the embedded pipe 5 and the insulating element 14 is covered during assembly by the sealing rubber element 12, the sealing rubber element 16 on the end face of the pipe 5 and the sealing rubber element 17 on the front side. The sealing rubber elements 12, 16, 17 are enclosed by the cover plate 13, which comprises cover plates 18, 19.

FIG. 7 shows a section through the stock rail 1 with a first heat exchanger 4 arranged thereon in an exploded view. The contact surface between the web 8 of the stock rail 1 and the aluminum profile 1 1 is provided with the heat-conducting element 21 of heat-conducting cement in order to realize a favorable heat transfer. The aluminum profile 1 1, the insulating element 14, the sealing rubber element 12 and the cover plate 13 can be joined to the adhesive surfaces 20 with adhesive.

FIG. 8 shows a section through the stock rail 1 with a first heat exchanger 4 ^' arranged thereon in an exploded view. The contact surface between the web 8 ^'of the stock rail 1 ^' and the aluminum profile 1 1 ^' is connected to the Wärmeleitelement 21 provided from Wärmeleitzement to achieve a favorable heat transfer. The aluminum profile 1 1 ^' , the insulating element 14 ^' , the sealing rubber element 12 ^' and the cover plate 13 ^' are joined by positive engagement by the cover plate 13 ^' in the groove 23 ^' and the clamping edge 24 ^'is clamped. On the front side of the heat exchanger 4 ^' , the sealing rubber element 16 ^' and the cover plate 19 ^'are mounted.

FIG. 9 shows a three-dimensional sectional view of the aluminum profile 11 ^' . The groove 23 ^' is formed on the inside of the upper edge of the aluminum profile 1 1 ^' . The clamping edge 24 ^' is formed on the inside of the lower edge of the aluminum profile 1 1 ^' as a hook-shaped profile edge.

FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of the fastening element 30 for the stock rail 1, 1 ^' in the assembled state. At the headband 31, which has a support strand which can be applied from below against a rail foot, a threaded welding bolt 33 is mounted in a counter clamping plate. The clamping bracket 32 is fixed by sliding onto the threaded stud 33 by means of securing washer 34 and hex nut 35 on the mounting bracket 31, whereby a tensioning device is provided. Between clamping bracket and counter-clamping plate an intermediate disc is provided, on which a contact device is formed. The clamping strap forms the complementary counterpart to this application device. The clamping bracket has a support device which can be applied against an outer side of a heat exchanger in order to be able to press it against a rail. On the opposite end of the bracing device of the support strand a rail overlap is arranged, which is able to engage over an opposite rail foot and hook there. In the mounted state, a rail foot is received and clamped on the one side in the rail overlap and on the other side at least partially between clamping strap and the contact device of the intermediate piece, so that the fastening element 30 is fastened to the rail and can not move.

FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the fastening element 30 according to FIG. 5 for the stock rail 1, 1 ^' in an exploded view. The fastener 30 consists of the headband 31, the threaded stud 33, the clamp 32, the backup washer 34 and the hex nut 35. The headband 31 is formed so as to include the rail foot 3, 3 ^'of the stock rail 1, 1 ^' can. The clamping bracket 32 is designed so that it fixes the headband 31 in the mounted state on the rail foot 3, 3 ^'of the stock rail 1, 1 ^' and at the same time the first heat exchanger 4, 4 ^' between the rail head 2, 2 ^' and rail 3, 3 ^' the stock rail 1, 1 ^' attached.

12 shows a perspective view of the fastening element 40 for the tongue rail 7 ^" in the mounted state, a threaded welding bolt 33 ^'being attached to the retaining clip 41. The clamping clip 42 is secured by being pushed onto the threaded welding bolt 33 ^' by means of a securing washer 34 ^' and a hexagonal nut 35 ^'. fixed on the bracket 41.

12a shows a perspective view of the fastening element 30, 40 for the stock rail 1, 1 ^' or the tongue rail 7 ^" in the assembled state with a temperature sensor 91 arranged thereon, and a threaded welding bolt 33, 33 ^{' is} arranged on the mounting bracket 31, 41 32, 42 is fixed by being pushed onto the threaded stud 33, 33 ^' by means of securing washer 34, 34 ^' and hex nut 35, 35 ^' on the mounting bracket 31, 41. The mounting bracket 31, 41 has a receptacle 90 designed as a U-profile for one Temperature sensor 91. After the mounting of the fastening element 30, 40, the temperature sensor 91 is in contact with the rail foot 3, 3 ^' , 3 ^" , which has no rail foot insulation 22 in the region of the temperature sensor 91.

Fig. 13 shows a section through the stock rail 1 ^'with between rail head ^2' arranged and the rail base 3 ^'to the web ^8' first heat exchanger 4 ^'comprising an aluminum profile 1 ^1' with tongue 23 ^'and terminal edge ^24' and the conduit 5, the insulating element 14 ^' , the sealing rubber element 12 ^' and the cover plate 13 ^' . Below the rail foot 3 ^' , a Schienenfußisolierung 22 is arranged to reduce the heat loss. When mounting the heat exchanger 4 ^' , the rail foot insulation 22 is encompassed by retaining clips 31 adapted in the dimensions and fixed to the rail foot 3 ^' . The tongue rail 7 ^" may also comprise a rail foot insulation 22 which is interrupted in the area of the sliding chairs 50 so as not to impair the function of the tongue rail 7 ^" .

FIG. 14 shows a perspective view of a slide chair 50 with a slide chair plate 51 and a second heat exchanger 52 arranged thereon. The heat medium is supplied to the second heat exchanger 52 via hose lines 53, 55. The second heat exchanger 52 is detachable with a fastening element 54 attached to the slide 50. Here too, the heat transfer to the sliding chair 50 can be improved by the use of the heat-conducting element 21 made of heat-conducting cement at the contact surface between the sliding chair 50 and the second heat exchanger 52. Due to space constraints, the first heat exchanger 4, 4 ^' , 4 ^" can not be mounted in the area of the slide chairs 50 with slide chair plates 51. For this purpose, an additional heater 60 and a fourth heat exchanger 82, 82 ^' , which is arranged in the slide chair 80, are provided.

15 shows a perspective view of two sliding chairs 50 with sliding-chair panels 51, stock rail 1, 1 ^' , tongue rail 7 ^" and third heat exchanger 61 arranged thereon. 2 ^' and rail foot 3, 3 ^' along the stock rail 1, 1 ^' and extends between the slide chairs 50. The heat exchanger 61 consists essentially of a pipe 63 with attached mounting tabs 64. The third heat exchanger 61 is by means of hose 62 and pipes 63 with a Supplied heat medium.

FIG. 16 shows a plan view of a first variant of the arrangement of the fourth heat exchanger 82 in the region of the slide chairs 80. The fourth heat exchangers 82 are bent in an S-shape in the region of the slide chairs 80 and connected to one another by hose lines 62 ^' or pipes 63 ^' . which are thermally insulated in the area outside the sliding chairs 80. For a good heat transfer between heat exchanger 82 and sliding chair 80, not shown, heat conducting elements made of heat-conducting cement are provided.

16 shows on the right in plan view a second variant of the arrangement of the fourth heat exchanger 82 ^' in the region of the sliding chairs 80 ^' . The fourth heat exchangers 82 ^' are in this case bent in a double S-shape in the region of the sliding chairs 80 ^' and connected to one another by hose lines 62 ^' or pipes 63 ^' , which are thermally insulated in the area outside the sliding chairs 80 ^' . For a good heat transfer between heat exchanger 82 ^' and slide 80 ^' heat conduction elements not shown are provided of heat-conducting cement.

17 shows an exploded perspective view of a sliding chair 80 with the fourth heat exchanger 82. When mounting the slide chair 80, the fourth heat exchanger 82 is arranged in recesses 85, 86 of the slide chair plate 81 and the base plate 84. Subsequently, slide chair plate 81 and base plate 84 are connected to each other together. Joining is carried out by positive, non-positive and / or cohesive joining methods. A clamping bracket 83 is laterally inserted into the slide and fixed, as shown in Fig. 18, in the mounted state, the stock rail.

18 shows a top view and sectional views of a first variant of a sliding chair 80 with a fourth heat exchanger 82. After the arrangement of the heat exchanger 82 in the region of the support surface 87 between base plate 84 and Gleitstuhlplatte 81, the base plate 84 with the Gleitstuhlplatte 81 by a weld 89 cohesively together. The section BB shows the stock rail 1, 1 ^' and the tongue rail 7 ^" as dashed lines in their arrangement on the sliding chair 80. The stock rail 1, 1 ^' is fixed by the clamping bracket 83, which is resiliently mounted within the sliding chair 80.

FIG. 19 shows a plan view and sectional views of a second variant of a sliding chair 80 with the fourth heat exchanger 82 ^' . After the arrangement of the heat exchanger 82 ^' in the region of the support surface 87 ^' between the base plate 84 ^' and Gleitstuhlplatte 81 ^' , the Gleitstuhlplatte 81 ^' on the base plate 84 ^' by fasteners 88, such as rivets, joined. The section BB shows the stock rail 1, 1 ^' and the tongue rail 7 ^" as dashed lines in their arrangement on the slide chair 80. The clamping bracket 83 ^' surrounds the step below the slide chair plate 81 ^' (section AA) and fixes the stock rail 1, 1 ^{' in} between Base plate 84 ^' and Gleitstuhlplatte 81 ^' (section BB).

FIG. 20 shows a plan view of a third variant of the arrangement of the fourth heat exchanger 82 ^" on the slide chair 80 ^" . The heat exchanger 82 ^"flows through pipes 63 ^" and hose lines 62 ^" by a heating medium.

FIG. 21 shows a plan view of the slide chair 80 ^" with fourth heat exchanger 82 ^" arranged thereon with piping 63 ^" and hose lines 62 ^" . The heat exchanger 82 ^" is integrated in the sliding chair 80 ^" . The heating medium flows through the pipes 63 ^" and the hose lines 62 ^" and outputs the heat from the heat exchanger 82 ^" to the sliding chair 80 ^" from.

22a to c show the heat exchanger 82 ^" in side view, sectional view and plan view, wherein Fig. 22b shows the sectional view along the axis AA of Fig. 22a. The heat exchanger 82 ^" is formed of a main body 92 and a lid 93, which is provided with fastening elements 94 is disposed on the main body 92. The heat exchanger 82 ^" passes through channels 95 through which the heating medium is conducted, and the heat exchanger 82 ^" is advantageously made of a highly thermally conductive material in order to promote heat transfer from the heating medium to the slide chair 80 ^" Preferably, the main body 92 and the lid 93 of the heat exchanger 82 ^" made of aluminum or aluminum alloys.

FIG. 23 a shows a sectional view of the third variant of the slide chair 80 ^" with fourth heat exchanger 82 ^" . The stock rail 1, 1 as shown by a dashed line ^'is ^"disposed. The slide plate ^80' on the base plate 84 is formed of base plate 84 ^'and slide chair plate ^81", wherein the slide chair plate 81 rests ^"on the base plate ^84' and the slide chair ^81" the base plate 84 contacted ^"to the support surface ^87". the recess 85 ^'of the slide chair plate ^81' and the recess 86 ^"of the base plate 84 ^'together form a cavity in which the heat exchanger ^82' is disposed and the heat exchanger 82 ^', the base plate ^84" and the slide chair 81 ^"contacted. the heat of the heating medium via the heat exchanger 82 ^'on the slide chair ^80" transmitted. It is advantageous for the heat transfer, the arrangement of a heat conduction member (not shown) between heat exchanger 82 is ^"and slide chair ^80".

FIG. 23b shows a sectional view of the third variant of the slide chair 80 ^" with fourth heat exchanger 82 ^" . The recess 85 ^"of the slide chair plate 81 ^'and the recess ^86" of the base plate ^84' together form a cavity in which the heat exchanger 82 ^'is arranged. The heat of the heating medium via the heat exchanger 82 ^"transferred to the slide chair ^80". Advantageously, for the heat transfer is the arrangement of a (not shown) Wärmeleitelements between heat exchanger 82 ^" and 80 Gleitstuhl ^" .

FIG. 23 c shows a plan view of the third variant of the sliding chair 80 ^" with fourth heat exchanger 82 ^" . The recess 85 ^"of the slide chair plate 81 ^" and the recess 86 ^"of the base plate 84 ^" together form a cavity which accommodates the heat exchanger 82 ^" The heat exchanger 82 ^" is supplied with the heating medium via pipes 63 ^" arranged on it.

Aspects of the invention have been described by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures. However, the invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For the implementation of the invention, the features described herein may be relevant individually or in any combination.

Claims

claims

1 . Point heating system for maintaining the function of railway turnouts in frost and snow, wherein the railroad turn rails each include cheek rails (1, 1 ^' ) and tongue rails (7 ^" ), and the railway turnstiles (50, 80, 80 ^' , 80 ^" ) with Gleitstuhlplatten (51, 81, 81 ^' , 81 ^" ), characterized in that one or more heat exchangers (4, 4', 4", 52, 61, 82, 82 ', 82 ") are provided, wherein a heat exchanger (4, 4 ', 4 ", 52, 61, 82, 82', 82") each with a stock rail (1, 1 ^' ) and / or a tongue rail (7 ^" ) and / or a slide chair (50, 80, 80 ^' , 80 ^" ) with a Gleitstuhlplatte (51, 81, 81 ^' , 81 ^" ) by means of a fastener (30, 40, 54, 64, 88) releasably connected or is connectable and / or received therein or receivable.

2. point heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that in each case a heat exchanger (4, 4 ^' , 4 ^" ) on a rail web (8, 8 ^' , 8 ^" ) between a rail head (2, 2 ^' , 2 ^" ) and a rail (3, 3 ^' , 3 ^" ) of a stock rail (1, 1') and / or on a rail web (8, 8 ^' , 8 ^" ) between a rail head (2, 2 ^' , 2 ^" ) and a rail foot (3, 3 ^' , 3 ^" ) of a tongue rail (7") detachably arranged or can be arranged.

3. points heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that the

Heat exchanger (4, 4 ^' , 4 ^" ) an aluminum profile (1 1, 1 1 ^' , 1 1 ^" ), a

Insulating element (14, 14 ^' , 14 ^" ), a sealing rubber (12, 12 ^' , 12 ^" ) and a cover plate (13, 13 ^' , 13 ^" ), which are glued to adhesive surfaces (20) with each other.

4. points heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that the

Heat exchanger (4, 4 ^' , 4 ^" ) an aluminum profile (1 1, 1 1 ^' , 1 1 ^" ), a

Insulation element (14, 14 ^' , 14 ^" ), a sealing rubber (12, 12 ^' , 12 ^" ) and a cover plate (13, 13 ^' , 13 ^" ), wherein the cover plate (13, 13 ^' , 13 ^" ) between a Groove (23 ^' , 23 ^" ) and a clamping edge (24 ^' , 24 ^" ) is clamped or clamped.

5. points heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in each case a fastening element (30) is provided, a rail foot (3, 3 ^' ) of a stock rail (1, 1 ^' ) and / or a Tongue rail (7 ") to encompass, wherein a heat exchanger (4, 4 ^' ) by means of the fastening element (30) releasably connected to the web (8, 8 ^' ) of the stock rail (1, 1 ^' ) or tongue rail (7") or connectable ,

6. point heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening element (30, 40) has a retaining bracket (31, 41), a clamping bracket (32, 42), a threaded bolt (33, 33 ^' ), a backup washer ( 34, 34 ^' ) and a hexagon nut (35, 35 ^' ).

7. switch heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an additional heater (60) is provided, which comprises a pipe (63) and a heat exchanger (61) between two tongue chairs (50) between tongue rail (7 ^" ) and stock rail ( 1, 1 ^' ) is arranged or can be arranged and via a fastening element (64) detachably connected to the stock rail (1, 1 ") or connectable.

8. points heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a heat exchanger (82, 82 ^' , 82 ^" ) between a Gleitstuhlplatte (81, 81 ^' , 81 ^" ) and a base plate (84, 84 ^' , 84 ^" ) of a

Slide chair (50) is arranged or can be arranged to be received in the slide chair (50).

9. points heating system according to claim 8, characterized in that the

Heat exchanger (82 ^" ) of a recess in the Gleitstuhlplatte (81 ^" ) and / or the base plate (84 ^" ) is arranged or can be arranged.

10. points heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger (4, 4 ^' , 4 ^" , 52, 61, 82, 82 ^' , 82 ^" ) by hose lines (53, 53 ^' , 62, 62 ^' , 62nd ^" ) are supplied with a heating medium or can be supplied.

1 1. Point heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the beginning of the tongue (71) of a tongue rail (7 ^" ) in front of a sliding chair (50, 80, 80 ^' , 80 ^" ) a snow guard (70) is arranged or can be arranged.

12. switch heating system according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the snow guard (70) as in front of the slide chair (50, 80, 80 ^' , 80 ^" ) arranged or arranged plate is formed.

13. point heating system according to one of claims 1 1 or 12, characterized in that the snow guard (70) at the beginning of the tongue (71) comprises two to the jaw rails (1, 1 ^' ) spaced or spaced plates.

14. Point heating system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening element (30, 40) comprises a retaining bracket (31, 41) with a receptacle (90) arranged thereon for a temperature sensor (91).