EP2748443A1 - Chambre de combustion tubo-annulaire dotée de buses d'air et de combustible tangentielles destinées à être utilisées sur des moteurs de turbine à gaz - Google Patents

Chambre de combustion tubo-annulaire dotée de buses d'air et de combustible tangentielles destinées à être utilisées sur des moteurs de turbine à gaz

Info

Publication number
EP2748443A1
EP2748443A1 EP20110871108 EP11871108A EP2748443A1 EP 2748443 A1 EP2748443 A1 EP 2748443A1 EP 20110871108 EP20110871108 EP 20110871108 EP 11871108 A EP11871108 A EP 11871108A EP 2748443 A1 EP2748443 A1 EP 2748443A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
air
nozzles
annular combustor
combustor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20110871108
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2748443B1 (fr
EP2748443A4 (fr
Inventor
Majed Toqan
Brent Allan Gregory
Jonathan David Regele
Ryan Sadao Yamane
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PL11871108T priority Critical patent/PL2748443T3/pl
Publication of EP2748443A1 publication Critical patent/EP2748443A1/fr
Publication of EP2748443A4 publication Critical patent/EP2748443A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2748443B1 publication Critical patent/EP2748443B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/34—Feeding into different combustion zones
    • F23R3/346—Feeding into different combustion zones for staged combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/425—Combustion chambers comprising a tangential or helicoidal arrangement of the flame tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/58—Cyclone or vortex type combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/30—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising fuel prevapourising devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/46—Combustion chambers comprising an annular arrangement of several essentially tubular flame tubes within a common annular casing or within individual casings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to devices in gas turbine engines that aid in containing and producing the combustion of a fuel and air mixture.
  • Such devices include but are not limited to fuel-air nozzles, combustor liners and casings and flow transition pieces that are used in military and commercial aircraft, power generation, and other gas turbine related applications.
  • Gas turbine engines include machinery that extracts work from combustion gases flowing at very high temperatures, pressures and velocity. The extracted work can be used to drive a generator for power generation or for providing the required thrust for an aircraft.
  • a typical gas turbine engine consists of a multistage compressor where the atmospheric air is compressed to high pressures. The compressed air is then mixed at a specified fuel/air ratio in a combustor wherein its temperature is increased. The high temperature and pressure combustion gases are then expanded through a turbine to extract work so as to provide the required thrust or drive a generator depending on the application.
  • the turbine includes at least a single stage with each stage consisting of a row of blades and a row of vanes. The blades are circumferentially distributed on a rotating hub with the height of each blade covering the hot gas flow path. Each stage of non-rotating vanes is placed circumferentially, which also extends across the hot gas flow path.
  • the included invention involves the combustor of gas turbine engines and components that introduce the fuel and air into the said device.
  • the combustor portion of a gas turbine engine can be of several different types: can/tubular, annular, and a combination of the two forming a can-annular combustor. It is in this component that the compressed fuel-air mixture passes through fuel-air swirlers and a combustion reaction of the mixture takes place, creating a hot gas flow causing it to drop in density and accelerate downstream.
  • the can type combustor typically comprises of individual, circumferentially spaced cans that contain the flame of each nozzle separately. Flow from each can is then directed through a duct and combined in an annular transition piece before it enters the first stage vane.
  • a fuel air nozzle can take on different configurations such as single to multiple annular inlets with swirling vanes on each one.
  • a typical method for cooling the combustor is effusion cooling, implemented by surrounding the combustion liner with an additional, offset liner, which between the two, compressor discharge air passes through and enters the hot gas flow path through dilution holes and cooling passages. This technique removes heat from the component as well as forms a thin boundary layer film of cool air between the liner and the combusting gases, preventing heat transfer to the liner.
  • the dilution holes serve two purposes depending on its axial position on the liner: a dilution hole closer to the fuel-air nozzles will aid in the mixing of the gases to enhance combustion as well as provide unburned air for combustion, second, a hole that is placed closer to the turbine will cool the hot gas flow and can be designed to manipulate the combustor outlet temperature profile.
  • the invention consists of a typical can-annular combustor with premixed fuel-air nozzles and/or dilution holes that introduce the compressor discharge air and pressurized fuel into the combustor at various locations in the longitudinal and circumferential directions.
  • the original feature of the invention is that the fuel and air nozzles are placed in such a way as to create an environment with enhanced mixing of combustion reactants and products.
  • Staging the premixed fuel and air nozzles to have more fuel upstream from another set of nozzles enhances the mixing of the combustion reactants and creates a specific oxygen concentration in the combustion region that greatly reduces the production of NOx.
  • the introduction of compressor discharge air downstream of the combustion region allows for any CO produced during combustion to be burned/consumed before entering the first stage turbine.
  • the combustor will improve gas turbine emission levels, thus reducing the need for emission control devices as well as minimize the environmental impact of such devices.
  • the tangentially firing fuel and fuel-air nozzles directs its flames to the adjacent burner nozzles in each can, greatly enhancing the ignition process of the combustor.
  • FIG. 1 is a two-dimensional sketch showing the can-annular arrangement with the nozzles that attach to the outer can liner injecting fuel and air into a common plane;
  • FIG. 2 is a two-dimensional sketch showing the general idea of the tangential nozzles applied to the can in a can-annular combustor;
  • FIG. 3 is an isometric side view of the upstream portion of an example configuration of the said invention.
  • FIG. 4A is an isometric cutaway view of the invention.
  • FIG. 4B is a close up view of the image from FIG. 4A;
  • FIG. 5 is a section view showing section A- A as defined in FIG. 3 ;
  • FIG. 6 is a section view showing section B-B as defined in FIG. 3. BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the general arrangement of a can-annular combustor with the can 1 spaced circumferentially on a common radius, all cans of which are enclosed in an annular space between a cylindrical outer liner 2 and a cylindrical inner liner 3.
  • the FIG. also shows the tangential nozzle arrangement of the cans.
  • FIG. 2 shows the can in more detail.
  • a can liner 4 forms the can volume, with fuel-air nozzles 5 injecting a premixed fuel and air mixture.
  • the nozzles form an angle 8 between the nozzle centerline 6 and a line tangent to the can liner 4 that intersections with the nozzle centerline 6. This angle defines the circumferential direction of the nozzles.
  • FIG. 2 also shows the general operation of the can in the example can-annular combustor configuration, where a pre-mixed fuel-air mixture 9 is injected into the cans 1 at an angle 8.
  • a flame 10 forms and travels through the can in a path 11 that follows the can liner.
  • These tangentially directed nozzles result in flames from each nozzle interacting with the downstream and adjacent nozzle. This key feature enhances ignition and reduces the need of piloting burner nozzles by allowing the flame from a nozzle to ignite the fuel at the adjacent and downstream nozzle.
  • FIG. 3 shows the beginning or upstream portion of an example can with the downstream portion excluded.
  • the said invention will have a plurality of nozzle rows that are spaced along the longitudinal direction of the can.
  • Each row of nozzles may have at least one nozzle and can be offset by a circumferential angle from adjacent nozzle rows.
  • the can may also have several rows of circumferentially spaced holes 12 or passages for cooling air to enter the can at any location.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B show the most upstream face 13 of the can, which may have holes 14 similar to dilution holes that allow compressor discharge air to enter the can.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show how nozzles from each set of rows may be offset by a circumferential angle. The different rows of nozzles allows for the injection of the fuel- air mixture near the front wall, which may have a higher fuel/air ratio than the second set of nozzles in conjunction with the mixture that is injected downstream of the fuel nozzles 5, to create the desired mixing and fuel- air staging effect that will create an optimal combustion environment that reduces NOx and CO emissions from the combustor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un dispositif de combustion utilisé dans des moteurs de turbine à gaz pour produire une propulsion ou faire tourner un arbre pour permettre une production d'énergie, ledit dispositif de combustion comprenant une chambre de combustion tubo-annulaire dotée d'un système de buses et de passages menant aux orifices d'admission de combustible et d'air qui a pour résultat un environnement de combustion optimal d'un mélange de combustible et d'air. Les orifices d'admission de combustible et d'air sont placés à divers emplacements longitudinaux et répartis circonférentiellement et dirigent le flux de façon tangentielle ou presque tangentielle à la chemise tubulaire. Le dispositif de combustion permet un mélange efficace du combustible et de l'air, crée un environnement propice pour la combustion qui réduit les émissions de substances polluantes, réduit le besoin d'avoir des dispositifs de contrôle de la pollution coûteux, améliore l'allumage et la stabilité de la flamme, réduit les problèmes de pilotage et améliore la réduction des vibrations.
EP11871108.4A 2011-08-22 2011-08-22 Méthode pour mélanger des réactifs de combustion pour la combustion dans un moteur de turbine à gaz Active EP2748443B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL11871108T PL2748443T3 (pl) 2011-08-22 2011-08-22 Sposób mieszania reagentów spalania do spalania w turbinie gazowej

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2011/048622 WO2013028169A1 (fr) 2011-08-22 2011-08-22 Chambre de combustion tubo-annulaire dotée de buses d'air et de combustible tangentielles destinées à être utilisées sur des moteurs de turbine à gaz

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2748443A1 true EP2748443A1 (fr) 2014-07-02
EP2748443A4 EP2748443A4 (fr) 2015-05-27
EP2748443B1 EP2748443B1 (fr) 2019-04-24

Family

ID=47746712

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11871108.4A Active EP2748443B1 (fr) 2011-08-22 2011-08-22 Méthode pour mélanger des réactifs de combustion pour la combustion dans un moteur de turbine à gaz

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2748443B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6086371B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101774094B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104053883B (fr)
PL (1) PL2748443T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2619673C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013028169A1 (fr)

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KR102010646B1 (ko) 2017-07-04 2019-08-13 두산중공업 주식회사 터닝 가이드, 연료 노즐, 연료 노즐 조립체 및 이를 포함하는 가스 터빈
CN107631323B (zh) * 2017-09-05 2019-12-06 中国联合重型燃气轮机技术有限公司 燃气轮机的喷嘴
CN108487988A (zh) * 2018-03-14 2018-09-04 罗显平 一种燃气螺管转子发动机全环形燃烧室
CN109404965A (zh) * 2018-12-04 2019-03-01 新奥能源动力科技（上海）有限公司 一种燃气轮机的燃烧室及燃气轮机
US11174792B2 (en) 2019-05-21 2021-11-16 General Electric Company System and method for high frequency acoustic dampers with baffles
US11156164B2 (en) 2019-05-21 2021-10-26 General Electric Company System and method for high frequency accoustic dampers with caps
CN112923398B (zh) * 2021-03-04 2022-07-22 西北工业大学 一种加力燃烧室防振隔热屏
CN114646077B (zh) * 2022-03-23 2023-08-11 西北工业大学 一种环腔开孔的空气雾化喷嘴

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101774094B1 (ko) 2017-09-04
WO2013028169A8 (fr) 2014-04-17
KR20140082659A (ko) 2014-07-02
EP2748443B1 (fr) 2019-04-24
WO2013028169A1 (fr) 2013-02-28
JP6086371B2 (ja) 2017-03-01
CN104053883A (zh) 2014-09-17
EP2748443A4 (fr) 2015-05-27
RU2014110631A (ru) 2015-09-27
PL2748443T3 (pl) 2019-09-30
CN104053883B (zh) 2017-02-15
RU2619673C2 (ru) 2017-05-17
JP2014526030A (ja) 2014-10-02

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