EP2747869A2 - Matériau filtrant multicouche et élément filtrant réalisé à partir de celui-ci - Google Patents

Matériau filtrant multicouche et élément filtrant réalisé à partir de celui-ci

Info

Publication number
EP2747869A2
EP2747869A2 EP12704684.5A EP12704684A EP2747869A2 EP 2747869 A2 EP2747869 A2 EP 2747869A2 EP 12704684 A EP12704684 A EP 12704684A EP 2747869 A2 EP2747869 A2 EP 2747869A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter material
layer
material according
filter
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12704684.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Demmel
Ingrid Meyr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Neenah Gessner GmbH
Original Assignee
Neenah Gessner GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Neenah Gessner GmbH filed Critical Neenah Gessner GmbH
Publication of EP2747869A2 publication Critical patent/EP2747869A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • B01D39/163—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin sintered or bonded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/18—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/52—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/02—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials
    • B01D2239/025—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials comprising nanofibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0622—Melt-blown
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0636—Two or more types of fibres present in the filter material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0654—Support layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0668—The layers being joined by heat or melt-bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0672—The layers being joined by welding

Definitions

  • Multi-layer filter material and filter element made from it
  • the invention relates to multilayer, cleanable Filterma ⁇ terialien and derived filter elements for the separation of coarse and fine impurities from liquids and gases.
  • One type is depth filter materials, which are designed to absorb and store as much dust as possible before clogging.
  • Such filter materials ideally have an asymmetric structure, that is, the pore and fiber diameters are in manströmungsraum seen smaller and smaller.
  • the large dust particles are preferably deposited and stored in the uppermost layer of the depth filter material, while the small dust particles continue to penetrate before they are deposited.
  • the second type is surface filter materials.
  • the first filtration layer seen in the direction of flow, has the smallest pore and fiber diameters.
  • the following layer is usually porous and has thicker fibers. It mainly serves as a carrier for the first filtration layer and gives the entire filter material the required mechanical strength and rigidity. All dust particles, whether large or small, are ideally deposited on the first layer and will not penetrate the filter material.
  • a dust cake forms on the surface of the filter material over time, which increasingly hampers the liquid or gas flow. Since the dust cake sits quite loosely on the surface of the filter material, it can also be relatively easily cleaned again.
  • the cleaning is ideally carried out either by knocking, shaking, washing, pressure surge pulse or backwashing.
  • backwashing and pressure surge pulse is the filter material briefly with clean liquid or clean gas against the original flow direction acted upon.
  • the dust cake is detached from the surface of the filter material and the filter material cleaned in this way is ready for the next filtration cycle.
  • backwashing this is done over a longer period of time with a relatively low flow rate of the cleaning fluid, while the pressure surge pulse, the cleaning fluid is applied in a short, powerful shock.
  • Filter materials for surface filtration are constructed either in one or more layers.
  • Single-layer surface filter materials are, for example, filter papers which have smaller pores on the upstream side than on the downstream side, or single-ply needle felts or spunbonded nonwovens.
  • a unilaterally compressed spunbonded fabric is described by way of example in the document DE 10 039 245 A1.
  • the single-layer filter materials still have relatively large pores on the compacted side and are only suitable for very coarse-grained dusts. Finer dust particles penetrate into the depth of the filter material and can not be cleaned. As a result, the filter material clogged after a relatively short time and must be replaced.
  • filter materials with a minimum of two layers are used.
  • a carrier with a high mechanical strength and rigidity is either a membrane, a nanofiber layer or a meltblown layer as a filtration layer applied.
  • the filtration layer is, seen in the direction of flow, the first layer.
  • a filter material with a PTFE membrane is e.g. in the journal CAV 12/92 (p.86). Such filter materials are very well suited to deposit fine dusts even at high temperatures. The Abinstituts against all types of dusts is extremely good. However, these filter materials are very expensive and the membrane breaks very easily and is not particularly resistant to wear.
  • European Patent EP 1 326 698 B1 describes by way of example a filter material with a nanofiber layer.
  • the nanofibers are produced by electrospinning.
  • the filter material disclosed in this document is also suitable for depositing fine dusts. It also has a very good cleaning behavior. Due to the small layer thickness of less than 10 ⁇ and the very small fiber diameter of 0.01 to 0.5 ⁇ the nanofiber layer is mechanically not very stable and easy to destroy. In addition, the entire filter material is very expensive due to the low productivity of the electrospinning process.
  • meltblown nonwovens as filter materials has been known for a long time.
  • the eltblown process is described in more detail, for example, in A. van Wente, "Superfine Thermoplastic Fibers", Industrial Engineering Chemistry, Vol. 48, pp.
  • the protrusion of the dendrites from the surface of the meltblown web is further enhanced when the meltblown web can be electrostatically charged.
  • Filter elements with such filter materials made of meltblown nonwovens tend to clog after a short time, with the consequence that the filter element must be replaced.
  • the mechanical strength and the surface smoothness can be improved by thermal surface compaction by means of a calender.
  • a surface condensation that clearly demonstrates the mechanical strength of the meltblown web increases, but at the same time affects the porosity and air permeability negative.
  • thermal compaction represents an additional process step.
  • the meltblown nonwoven can be solidified alone or together with a carrier with a binder in order to increase the abrasion and abrasion resistance.
  • this process has a negative effect on the air permeability of the filter material and represents another expensive process step.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a filter material, in particular for motor vehicle, vacuum cleaner and industrial filters, which has a very good degree of separation according to EN 779 and ISO EN 1822 in the filter classes F5 to H12 and can be cleaned very well. Furthermore, a filter element produced from such a filter material is to be created. This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 12. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the further claims.
  • the first layer of the filter material according to the invention consists of a melt blown fleece that is at least substantially free of dendrites.
  • the meltblown nonwoven consists of elastic polymer fibers and has an elongation at break according to DIN EN ISO 1924-2 of at least 100%, wherein the polymer for the production of the elastic polymer fibers an elongation at break at 23 ⁇ 2 ° C according to DIN 53504 of has at least 100%. It has been found that without such dendrites, the cleanability of meltblown webs consisting of fine fibers is substantially improved.
  • Suitable polymers are preferably thermoplastic elastomers or blends of thermoplastic elastomers with non-elastic thermoplastic polymers. Particularly preferred are thermoplastic elastomers and blends of thermoplastic elastomers with non-elastic thermoplastic polymers having antistatic properties.
  • the thermoplastic elastomers suitable for the production of the filter material according to the invention or mixtures of thermoplastic elastomers and non-elastic thermoplastic polymers have an elongation at break according to DIN 53504 of at least 100%, preferably of at least 200% and more preferably of at least 400%.
  • the shoulder bars are air-conditioned for 24 hours at 23 ⁇ 2 ° C and 50 + 2% humidity before measurement. Due to the high elasticity of the mechanical forces, such as those caused by friction, absorbed by the fibers and absorbed. Instead of tearing the fibers stretch and take after the end of the force substantially their original shape. As a result, there are no changes in the porosity and in the air permeability.
  • thermoplastic elastomers or blends of thermoplastic elastomers and non-elastic thermoplastic polymers, which have antistatic properties and therefore can not be electrostatically charged, provide a further advantage. If, despite the high elasticity, a fiber rupture nevertheless occurs, the fiber ends remain substantially on the nonwoven surface and do not stand on the nonwoven surface due to electrostatic repulsion. Either the polymer used is inherently antistatic, e.g. thermoplastic polyurethane, or the polymer gets by the addition of a suitable agent antistatic properties. Suitable antistatic agents are e.g. Carbon black, quaternary ammonium salts.
  • thermoplastic elastomers are, for example, thermoplastic polyurethane, olefinic thermoplastic elastomer, styrene block. Copolymer, thermoplastic polyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyether-polyamide or mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable non-elastic thermoplastic polymers for blending with thermoplastic elastomers are, for example, polypropylene, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polycarbonate or mixtures thereof.
  • meltblown nonwovens To prepare the meltblown nonwovens, the meltblown process known in the art is used as described e.g. in Van A. Wente, "Superfine Thermoplastic Fibers", Industrial Engineering Chemistry, Vol. 48, pp. 1342-1346
  • the meltblown web has a basis weight of 5-200 g / m 2 , an air permeability of 10-8000 l / m 2 s, a thickness of 0.05-2.0 mm, an elongation at break of at least 100%, a mean fiber diameter of 0.3
  • a degree of purification after 10040 cycles of at least 80% a degree of purification after 10040 cycles of at least 80%, a pressure loss after 10040 cycles of at most 600 Pa after cleaning and a total time for 10070 cycles of at least 2000 min.
  • a surface mass of 10 - 150 g / m 2 an air permeability of 20
  • the further, in particular second, layer of the filter material according to the invention is a carrier layer for the first layer.
  • the carrier layer is substantially non-stretchable and open-pored and more permeable to air than the first layer. It therefore contributes only insignificantly to the dust separation.
  • Their task is to give the filter material according to the invention the required tensile strength and rigidity. How high the tear strength must be depends on the purpose of the filter material. However, it must always be so high that the filter material does not break under the given conditions of use and does not deform. If the filter material is to be folded for its use, it is necessary to select as rigid a carrier layer as possible, for example a resin-impregnated paper, so that the folds retain their shape even during the given operating conditions. The person skilled in the art knows from the large number of available carriers to select the optimal one for the given intended use.
  • Suitable carrier layers are, for example, impregnated papers made of cellulose fibers, inorganic fibers, carbon fibers, synthetic fibers or mixtures thereof, spunbonded nonwovens, needled felt, woven fabric of glass fibers or synthetic fibers, mesh structures (woven, extruded) and any combination of the materials mentioned herein.
  • the mentioned carrier layer preferably has the following physical properties:
  • Thickness 0, 05 - 60 mm
  • Bursting strength after wastes greater than 100 kPa
  • Air permeability 10 - 8000 l / m 2 s
  • the filter material according to the invention may also contain a third layer.
  • the third layer is a support grid, which, viewed in the flow direction, forms the last layer or is disposed between the first layer (meltblown web) and the further layer (carrier layer).
  • Suitable support grids are, for example, plastic mesh, metal mesh, spunbonded nonwoven, glass fiber fabric, glass fiber fleece with surface masses between 5 and 75 g / m 2 and a minimum air permeability of 100 1 / m 2 . All layers of the filter material according to the invention are preferably connected to one another either with an adhesive or via welded joints or a combination thereof.
  • Suitable adhesives for this application include polyurethane adhesive, polyamide adhesive and polyester adhesive, polyacrylate adhesive, polyvinyl acetate adhesive or styrene block polymer adhesive. Particularly preferred are polyurethane adhesives that crosslink with the humidity.
  • the adhesives can be applied as powder or melted by means of anilox rolls or spray nozzles. If the adhesive is applied as a powder, the adhesive must then be melted by a thermal treatment. In this case, the adjacent layers of the filter material according to the invention are then connected to each other under pressure. If the adhesive is applied via anilox rolls or spray nozzles, it is already in liquid form before being sprayed, either melted or as a solution or dispersion.
  • the order of spray nozzles can be done in the form of fine droplets or in the form of threads. Subsequently, in this process as well, the adjacent layers of the filter material according to the invention are connected to one another by pressure.
  • the application weight of the adhesive typically ranges from 2 to 20 g / m 2 , preferably from 4 to 15 g / m 2 and more preferably from 5 to 10 g / m 2 .
  • the welded joint can be made both by an ultrasound system and by a thermal calender.
  • the polymers of the layers to be welded are partially melted and welded together.
  • the welded joints may have any geometric shapes such as e.g. Points, straight lines, curved lines, diamonds, triangles, etc.
  • the area of the welded joints is advantageously at most 10% of the total area of the filter material according to the invention.
  • the filter material according to the invention can be further processed to all conventional element shapes.
  • Hoses, bags or bags are made.
  • it can be embossed on all common processing machines, folded, corrugated transversely, longitudinally rilled, etc.
  • the filter material according to the invention and the filters produced therefrom are very easy to clean to increase the service life.
  • Suitable cleaning methods include, for example, washing off, backwashing, tapping off, shaking off and the pressure impulse. Description of the test methods
  • the screen side of a carrier layer was bonded to the screen side of a top layer consisting of a meltblown nonwoven.
  • the meltblown fleece consisted of a thermoplastic polyurethane, made from the raw material Elastollan FA. BASF, and had a mean fiber diameter of 2.2 ym, a basis weight of 20 g / m 2 , an air permeability of 800 l / m 2 s, a thickness of 0.2 ⁇ and an elongation at break of 220%.
  • the carrier layer consisted of wet-laid cellulose, impregnated with 20% of epoxy resin from Huntsman with a basis weight of 122 g / m 2 , a Air permeability of 210 l / m 2 s, and a bursting pressure of 290 kPa.
  • the carrier layer can be obtained under the name L4-2iHP from Neenah Gessner GmbH, Brückmühl. Both layers were bonded together with a moisture-curing polyurethane hot melt adhesive of the type PUR 700.7 from Kleiberit. The application was carried out via a spray nozzle in the form of filaments with a coating weight of 6.0 g / m 2 .
  • the entire filter material had a basis weight of 148 g / m 2 , a thickness of 0.58 mm and an air permeability of 166 l / m 2 s.
  • This filter material was measured as a flat sample according to VDI ISO 3926. The results are shown in Table 1, Example 1.
  • the screen side of a carrier layer was bonded to the screen side of a top layer consisting of a meltblown web.
  • the meltblown nonwoven consisted of a Polybuthylen- terephthalate, made of the raw material Cellanex 2008 from. Ticona, and had a mean fiber diameter of 2.0 ⁇ , a basis weight of 20 g / m 2 , an air permeability of 760 l / m 2 s, a thickness of 0.18 ⁇ and an elongation at break of 25%.
  • the carrier layer consisted of wet-laid cellulose impregnated with 20% epoxy resin from Huntsman with a basis weight of 122 g / m 2 , an air permeability of 210 l / m 2 s, and a bursting pressure of 290 kPa.
  • the carrier layer can be obtained under the name L4-2iHP from the company Neenah Gessner GmbH, Brückmühl. Both layers were glued together with a moisture-curing polyurethane hot melt adhesive type PUR 700.7 from Kleiberit. The application was carried out via a spray nozzle in the form of threads with a coating weight of 6 g / m 2 .
  • the entire filter material had a basis weight of 148 g / m 2 , a thickness of 0.56 mm and an air permeability of 165 l / m s.
  • This filter material was measured as a flat sample according to VDI ISO 3926. The results are shown in Table 1, Example 2.
  • the filter element of the filter material according to the invention in all measurement criteria is significantly better cleaned than the filter material with a conventional PBT meltblown layer (Example 2).

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau filtrant multicouche décolmatable servant à filtrer du gaz ou du liquide, et comportant une couche filtrante et une couche de support qui succède à la couche filtrante, vue dans le sens d'écoulement. La couche filtrante est sensiblement exempte de dendrites et constituée d'un non-tissé de fusion-soufflage en fibres élastiques polymères présentant un allongement à la rupture d'au moins 100%.
EP12704684.5A 2011-08-26 2012-02-09 Matériau filtrant multicouche et élément filtrant réalisé à partir de celui-ci Withdrawn EP2747869A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011111738A DE102011111738A1 (de) 2011-08-26 2011-08-26 Mehrlagiges Filtermaterial und daraus hergestelltes Filterelement
PCT/EP2012/000587 WO2013029697A2 (fr) 2011-08-26 2012-02-09 Matériau filtrant multicouche et élément filtrant réalisé à partir de celui-ci

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2747869A2 true EP2747869A2 (fr) 2014-07-02

Family

ID=45688415

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12704684.5A Withdrawn EP2747869A2 (fr) 2011-08-26 2012-02-09 Matériau filtrant multicouche et élément filtrant réalisé à partir de celui-ci

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20140197095A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2747869A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2014529495A (fr)
KR (1) KR20140053314A (fr)
CN (1) CN103687657A (fr)
DE (1) DE102011111738A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013029697A2 (fr)

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CN113272040A (zh) * 2019-01-10 2021-08-17 尼纳盖斯纳有限公司 一种用于发动机空气过滤器的过滤介质

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KR20140053314A (ko) 2014-05-07
DE102011111738A1 (de) 2013-02-28
WO2013029697A8 (fr) 2014-01-23
JP2014529495A (ja) 2014-11-13
CN103687657A (zh) 2014-03-26
US20140197095A1 (en) 2014-07-17
WO2013029697A3 (fr) 2013-11-14

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