EP2746177A1 - Removal device for removal of labels, label and method for applying glue to a label - Google Patents

Abstract

The removal device comprises a receiving surface for receiving the glue, having a first region (27) in which a first portion (31) is formed and a second region (28) in which a second portion (32) is formed for ensuring adequate gluing to the side of a label. The first and second portions are designed such that the glue can adhere much easier in the first portion than in the second portion. The third and fourth portions (33,34) are designed in such a way that the glue can adhere much easier in the third portion than the fourth portion. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) a labeling machine; (2) a method for applying glue to a label; and (3) a label.

Description

The present invention relates to a removal device for removing labels, a label and a method for gluing a label.

In labeling technology, glue is applied to labels during wet gluing. This gluing is conventionally carried out by means of a glue roller which transfers glue to a receiving surface of pallets. The receiving surface has a shape and size that corresponds substantially to the shape and size of the label to be glued. After the glue has been transferred to the receiving surface, it is then moved past a label magazine such that a label adheres to the receiving surface due to the glue adhesion force and can thus be transferred to the pallet. Subsequently, the labels are removed with the aid of grippers from the pallet and attached to the appropriate container provided, such as containers, especially bottles, cans or the like. This technique is realized in all the different types of pallets intended for the various label shapes and types, such as neck, breast, abdomen, back label of a container. DE 2 141 306 A1 discloses a label removal apparatus in which such wet gluing of labels is described.

Removal elements for labels in a labeling machine are known from the prior art, wherein the removal element is designed such that the label is not completely glued to. This should lead to a saving of glue.

If necessary, it may be necessary to include on the labels information relating to characteristics of a producer of the containers and / or features of a manufacturer of the labeling machine and / or characteristics of a customer. However, this currently requires either additional printing on the label or modification of the artwork available for the label. Both variants thus require an additional process step. This is unfavorable in terms of cost and / or throughput of a labeller.

In addition, due to increasing product piracy, it is being considered to make the labels more forgery-proof. For this, the front side of the labels can be designed with specially developed printing processes. In addition, it is possible to use special material for the labels in order to prevent or at least make the counterfeiting of the labels more difficult. However, both options are very complex and costly, so that there is a need for an alternative.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a removal device for removing labels, a label and a method for gluing a label, with which the aforementioned problems can be solved. In particular, a removal device for the removal of labels, a label and a method for gluing a label are provided, in which the label can be inexpensively provided with additional, freely selectable information without slowing the speed of the labeller and thereby reduces their output.

This object is achieved by a removal device for removing labels according to claim 1. The removal device comprises a receiving surface for receiving glue, which has a first region in which at least one first section is arranged on at least one second section to ensure sufficient gluing of a side of a label to be glued, wherein the first and second sections are configured in this way in that glue can adhere much more easily in the first section than in the second section, and at least a second area in which a third section is arranged on a fourth section for information purposes of the side of the label to be glued, the third and fourth sections being such are configured so that glue can adhere much more easily in the third section than in the fourth section.

In the removal device, the receiving surface is designed such that not the entire surface contributes to the gluing, but at least one additional surface region is available as a labeling surface. This additional surface area can serve as an advertising medium and / or as an information carrier without the need for a further process step.

The additional labeling area can accommodate additional information on the label. This information can be configured, for example, as a watermark. The label can thus increase the security against counterfeiting of the label easily and inexpensively.

Advantageous further embodiments of the removal device are specified in the dependent claims.

The first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth section may be intended for informational purposes. The third and / or fourth section is preferably designed to form information relating to the production and / or use of an article to be provided with the label and / or to contain advertising information. Thus, for example, the production chain of a label to be provided with the container can be reproduced. In addition, an action logo may be provided on a specific party or event or the like on the label.

Possibly, the third or fourth section is configured to form at least one digit and / or at least one letter and / or at least one pictorial representation.

According to one embodiment, the third or fourth section may be formed as a recess or as a depression of the receiving surface. According to another embodiment, the third portion may have a higher glue adhesion force than the fourth portion.

The first and / or the second section may be various geometric shapes, such as grooves, honeycombs, ellipses, spirals, rings or also various graphics.

It is also possible for the second area to adjoin the first area with at least two sides and / or for the first area to surround the second area and / or for the second area to be freely positionably accommodated in the first area.

According to a further embodiment, the second region may be an exchangeable element detachably arranged on the first region. Thus, the labels can be easily provided with different information.

Preferably, the interchangeable element is designed to form a positive connection with the first region.

It is also conceivable that further, ie more than two areas with at least two sides adjoin the first area and / or that the first area surrounds the further areas and / or the other areas are freely positionably accommodated in the first area can. Likewise, the individual areas can be accommodated in each other.

The removal device described above may be part of a pallet table for a labeling machine for labeling an item.

In addition, the extraction device described above may be part of a labeling machine for labeling an object. The article is preferably a transparent article, such as a container or glass or plastic container.

The labeling machine may also have a first glue receptacle for receiving a first, for example a transparent glue, and a second glue receptacle for receiving a second, for example a colored glue, wherein the labeling machine is configured such that the transparent glue on the first area and the colored glue can be applied to the second area or vice versa. It is also conceivable to use more than two glue receptacles, so that several colors can be imaged on a label. In addition, it is possible to arrange several glue chambers in a glue container so that different colors can also be displayed therewith.

The object is also achieved by a method for gluing a label according to claim 11. The method comprises the step of applying glue to one A receiving surface which is part of a removal device for the removal of labels, wherein the receiving surface has a first region in which at least a first portion is arranged on at least a second portion to ensure sufficient gluing of a side of a label to be glued, wherein the first and second Are configured such that glue in the first section can adhere much more easily than in the second section, and has a second region, in which a third section is arranged on a fourth section for information purposes of the side of the label to be glued, the third and fourth section are configured so that glue can adhere much more easily in the third section than in the fourth section, and wherein the application of glue is carried out in one method step.

The method achieves the same advantages as previously mentioned with respect to the sampling device.

When applying the glue, a transparent glue can be applied to the first area and a colored glue to the second area or vice versa.

The object is also achieved by a label for labeling an at least partially transparent article according to claim 13. The label has a first backside portion in which at least a first size portion is disposed on at least a first backside portion so as to ensure sufficient gluing of the backside of the label, wherein significantly less glue is adhered to the first backside portion than in the first size portion, and one second rear side portion in which a second glue portion is arranged on a second rear side portion for information purposes of the back side of the label, wherein in the second rear side portion significantly less glue adheres than in the second glue portion.

A container provided with a label produced by a method according to claim 11 or 12

Further possible implementations of the invention also include not explicitly mentioned combinations of features or embodiments described above or below with regard to the exemplary embodiments. The skilled person will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of the invention.

• Fig. 1 eine vereinfachte Draufsicht auf eine Etikettiermaschine mit mehreren Entnahmeeinrichtungen gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel;
• Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf eine Aufnahmefläche der Entnahmeeinrichtung gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel;
• Fig. 3 eine Vorderansicht eines Etiketts gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, das an einer Flasche angebracht ist;
• Fig. 4 eine Rückansicht des Etiketts gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, das an der Flasche von Fig. 3 angebracht ist;
• Fig. 5 eine Darstellung einer Aufnahmefläche einer Entnahmeeinrichtung gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;
• Fig. 6 eine Schnittansicht einer Entnahmeeinrichtung gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel; und
• Fig. 7 eine Darstellung einer Aufnahmefläche einer Entnahmeeinrichtung gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel.
• Fig. 8 eine weitere Darstellung einer Aufnahmefläche einer Entnahmeeinrichtung gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel.
• Fig. 9 eine Darstellung einer Aufnahmefläche einer Entnahmeeinrichtung gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel.

The invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and an exemplary embodiment is described in detail. Show it:

• Fig. 1 a simplified plan view of a labeling machine with a plurality of removal devices according to a first embodiment;
• Fig. 2 a plan view of a receiving surface of the removal device according to the first embodiment;
• Fig. 3 a front view of a label according to the first embodiment, which is attached to a bottle;
• Fig. 4 a rear view of the label according to the first embodiment, the on the bottle of Fig. 3 is appropriate;
• Fig. 5 a representation of a receiving surface of a removal device according to a second embodiment;
• Fig. 6 a sectional view of a removal device according to a third embodiment; and
• Fig. 7 a representation of a receiving surface of a removal device according to the third embodiment.
• Fig. 8 a further illustration of a receiving surface of a removal device according to the third embodiment.
• Fig. 9 a representation of a receiving surface of a removal device according to a fourth embodiment.

In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals, unless stated otherwise.

Fig. 1 shows a very schematically illustrated labeling machine 1 with a pallet table 2. On the pallet table 2, a glue roller 10 is arranged, which is driven about a roller shaft 11 by a drive, not shown, which also as Servomotor or can be configured as a direct drive. The glue roller 10 can remove glue from a first glue receptacle 15 and / or a second glue receptacle 16 glue 17, 18 by means of a device, not shown. The labeling machine 1 also has a rotatable removal device carrier 20 on which a plurality of removal devices 25 are arranged, which are pivotable about a removal device shaft 26. The removal devices 25 each have a receiving surface 30th

To transfer the glue 17, 18 to later illustrated labels of the labeling machine 1, the glue roller 10 rotates in the direction of the on her in Fig. 1 Arrow shown around its shaft 11 and successively applies the glue 17, 18 on the receiving surface 30 of the respective removal device 25. Thereafter, the removal means 25 can be moved relative to a label magazine, not shown, to finally produce a glued label in a known manner. The glued label may be applied to an article, such as a container, such as containers, especially bottles, cans, boxes, packaging units, or the like, by means of a gripper.

Fig. 2 shows the receiving surface 30 of a removal device 25 in more detail. The receiving surface 30 is a curved surface which substantially corresponds in shape and size to the shape and size of a label to be glued by it. The receiving surface 30 has first sections 31, second sections 32, a third section 33 and a fourth section 34. In this case, the first and second sections 31, 32 form a first area 27. The first area 27 surrounds a second area 28 which extends from the first area third and fourth section 33, 34 is formed.

The receiving surface 30 is preferably elastic. For example, the receiving surface 30 made of an elastic material, in particular rubber, plastic, etc., manufactured. In this embodiment, the first portions 31 are in Fig. 2 as a projection made from the receiving surface 30, whereas the second portions 32 are designed as a recess of the receiving surface 30. In addition, the third portion 33 is formed as a protrusion from the receiving surface 30, whereas the fourth portion 34 is designed as a recess of the receiving surface 30. The first portions 31 are arranged side by side as parallel arranged webs, wherein the respective ends of the webs are closed by a further first portion 31, as in Fig. 2 shown. The first sections 31 are each arranged next to the second sections 32. Here, the second portions 32 are each disposed between the first portions 31. By this arrangement, the first and second sections 31, 32 form Groove pattern, as in Fig. 2 shown. Overall, the first and second sections 31, 32 are configured such that glue 17, 18 can adhere significantly more easily in the first section 31 than in the second section 32.

In Fig. 2 The third section 33 in this embodiment forms a number consisting of four digits. The third portion 33 is thus used as a label for the back, so the side to be glued, a label. For this purpose, the glue roller 10 of Fig. 1 so rolled on the receiving surface 30 that the glue 17 and / or 18 is preferably applied only to the first portions 31 and the third portion 33. In this case, no or hardly glue 17, 18 is applied to the second and fourth sections 32, 34.

Fig. 3 shows the front side of a label 40, on the back of which glued with glue 17, 18 receiving surface 30 of Fig. 2 was passed. Thus, the label 40 could be attached to an article 50, such as a container 50, in the form of a bottle, as in FIG Fig. 3 shown. On the label 40, a label image 41, such as a flower, printed on its front. However, any other label images 41 are possible, which may have graphic and / or writing elements.

Fig. 4 shows the back of the label 40 in more detail. On the back of the label 40, the label 40 is glued by means of glue 17, 18, as it is from the receiving surface 30 of Fig. 2 on the label 40 in Fig. 3 was transferred. Here are traces of glue 17, 18 present, which the first and third section 31, 33 in Fig. 2 correspond. The horizontal traces of glue 17 in Fig. 4 correspond to a first glue portion 42 of the label 40. The traces of glue 18 in the form of a label in Fig. 4 correspond to a second size portion 43 of the label 40. The little or no glue provided with 17, 18 sections in Fig. 4 correspond to first and second rear side portions 44, 45 of the label 40. For clarity, not all portions 42 to 45 in FIG Fig. 4 provided with a reference numeral. As a result, both an adhesion of the label 40 to the container 50 given as well as a label by means of the second glue portion 43 on the back of the label 40 is present. An observer, such as a buyer of the package 50, can recognize the label through the package 50 on the now inside of the label 40 with his eye 60 and extract the information contained therein. For this purpose, the container 50, in particular its Bewandung, preferably transparent or designed with a transparent color. How out FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 can be seen approximately corresponds to the configuration of the label 40 in shape and size of the shape and size of the receiving device 30 of Fig. 2 ,

As a result of the configuration of the receiving surface 30 described above, the inscription provided by the third and fourth sections 33, 34 has been produced on the back of the label 40 with a positive stamp.

As described above, in this embodiment, the glue 17, 18 can be applied to the receiving surface 30 in only one method step.

Fig. 5 shows an example of a removal device 30, in which the third section 33 is a logo, in particular a brand logo. In addition, the first and second sections 31, 32 form a honeycomb structure. Otherwise, the first to fourth sections 31 to 34 are executed in the same manner as described in the first embodiment.

As a modification of the first and / or second embodiment, the third portion 33 may also be configured as a depression and the fourth portion 34 as a projection. In this case, the lettering provided by the third and fourth sections 33, 34 is generated on the reverse side of the label 40 with a negative punch, whereas in the first and second embodiments, it is generated as a positive punch each time.

According to a further modification of the first and / or second embodiment, the glue 17 in the first glue receptacle 15 is a transparent glue, in particular wet glue. The glue 17 may also be a cold glue or hot glue or dispersion glue. In contrast, the glue 18 in the second glue receptacle 16 is a colored glue, in particular wet glue of transparent casein with at least one color pigment. The glue 18 may also be a cold glue or hot glue or dispersion glue. In this case, the transparent glue 17 can be applied to the first section 31 on the removal device 30, whereas the colored glue 18 can be applied to the third section 33 on the removal device 30. As a result, the inscription according to the third and fourth sections 33, 34 is offset in color from the other region of the back side of the label 40. Generally, a certain type of glue can be used to make the label visible. It is also conceivable that the complete label 40, ie both regions 27, 28 of the receiving surface 30 or both regions 42, 44 and 43, 45 of the back of the label 40, is glued with colored or colorless glue.

Fig. 6 shows a sampling device 25 according to a third embodiment in a section in more detail. The receiving surface 30 has a first region 27 and a second area 28. The first area 27 is arranged around the second area 28 around. Thus, the first region 27 surrounds the second region 28. In this embodiment, the second region 28 is embodied as a replaceable element or pad. The second region 28 has bevelled edges 29 on its sides. Thus, the second region 28 has the shape of a truncated pyramid. The first region 27 is adapted to the shape of the second region 28 at its edge adjacent to the edges 29. Thus, the first region 27 and the second region 28 form at the in Fig. 6 shown arrangement a positive connection. Thereby, the second area 28 is securely held in the first area 27. However, the second area 28 can be easily removed from the first area 27, if desired. If necessary, a suction cup can be used for this purpose.

Even if this is in Fig. 6 is not shown, the second portion 28, the third and fourth portion 33, 34, as described in the preceding embodiments. As a result, the removal device 25 at the in Fig. 6 shown again make a label on the glued back of a label 40 in the region of the second region 28. However, the second region 28 is simply interchangeable with another second region 28, also embodied as a replaceable element or pad. Consequently, it is possible to provide different labels on the back of a label 40 as needed. To simplify the assembly of the second region 28, this can include a set-up marking.

Fig. 7 1 shows a receiving surface 30 in which the first region 27 and the second region 28 are glued such that sufficient glue is present in the first region 27 for the label 40 to be glued, so that the label 40 can securely adhere to a container 50 , such as in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 shown. In the first region 27, the glue 17 is applied in a strip-like manner on the first section 31, whereas on the second section 32 little or no glue is applied. For the sake of clarity, not all glue strips and second sections 32 are provided with a reference numeral. On the other hand, in the second area 28, the information is present on the third portion 33 in cooperation with the fourth portion 34, which in this example consists of an image in the form of a logo and a digit letter combination. In this embodiment, glue 18 is applied to the third portion 33, whereas no or hardly glue is applied to the fourth portion 34.

Fig. 8 1 shows a receiving surface 30 in which the first region 27 and the second region 28 are glued such that sufficient glue is present in the first region 27 for the label 40 to be glued, so that the label 40 can securely adhere to a container 50 , such as in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 shown. In the first region 27, the glue 17 is applied graphically on the first portion 31, whereas on the second portion 32 little or no glue is applied. As shown in the figure, the graphical sections can also be representations of different characteristics, for example based on shape and / or size. On the other hand, in the second area 28, the information is present on the third section 33 in cooperation with the fourth section 34, which in this example consists of a digit letter combination. In this embodiment, glue 18 is applied to the third portion 33, whereas no or hardly glue is applied to the fourth portion 34.

Fig. 9 shows a receiving surface 30 according to a fourth embodiment, wherein the receiving surface 30 is another example of a receiving surface 30 analogous to Fig. 8 is.

All of the previously described embodiments of the labeling machine 1, the removal device 30 and the method can be used individually or in all possible combinations. In particular, any combination of the features of the previously described embodiments is possible. In addition, the following modifications are conceivable, in particular.

The parts shown in the figures are shown schematically and may differ in the exact embodiment of the shapes shown in the figures, as long as their functions described above are guaranteed.

In the receiving surface 30, the first portion 31 may have a high adhesive adhesion force, whereas the second portion 32 has a small adhesive adhesion force. This also makes the first and second sections 31, 32 configured such that glue 17, 18 can adhere significantly more easily in the first section 31 than in the second section 32. In this case, the first section 31 can be made, for example, of aluminum, etc be made. The second section 32 can be made at least on its surface of, for example, a glue-repellent material, such as glue-repellent plastic, in particular polytetrafluoroethylene etc. This also ensures that the back side of the label 40, ie the side of the label 40 to be glued, has sufficient glue becomes.

In the receiving surface 30, the third portion 33 may also have a high adhesive adhesion force, whereas the fourth portion 34 has a low adhesive adhesion force. As a result, the third and fourth sections 33, 34 are configured such that glue 17, 18 can adhere significantly more easily in the third section 33 than in the fourth section 34. This can also ensure that the back side of the label 40 is in the same position Step with the gluing of the first region 27 in the second region 28 is labeled. Thus, the second area 28, in which the third high adhesion adhesion force portion 33 is disposed adjacent to the fourth low adhesion adhesive portion 34, is suitable for labeling the side of the label 40 to be glued.

The label on the back of the label 40, which was made with the third section 33, may be a lettering, but also a pictorial representation. It is thus possible, individual, freely selectable characteristics of a producer of the container, such as machine line number and / or brand name and / or logo, especially brand logo, etc., and / or individual, freely selectable characteristics of a manufacturer of the labeling, such as format part number and / or brand name and / or logo, in particular brand logo, etc., or the like to provide for the removal device 30 and thus the label 40. The information thus refers to a company involved in the manufacture of an article to be labeled.

In all embodiments, the receiving surface 30 can be glued only with the glue 17 or the glue 18.

The receiving surface 30 can be configured for all possible types of labels, such as a neck, chest, abdomen, back label of a container, etc. The surface of the receiving surface 30 may have a hardness of up to 45 Shore.

The first region 27 may be formed instead of a line-shaped or honeycomb-shaped configuration with any other geometric configuration.

The in Fig. 6 shown positive engagement of the first region 27 with the second region 28 can also be generated in other ways. The positive connection can be made for example by means of releasable snap connection.

The second area 28 need not adjoin the first area 27 on all sides. It is also possible for at least one further labeling region to be present, which borders directly on the second region 28, so that the second region 28 adjoins the first region only on at least one side. It is also possible for the second region 28 to reach at least one edge of the label 40 to be glued. In this case, the second area 28 can adjoin the first area 27 only on two sides or partial sections.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

labeling

2

pallet table

10

glue roller

11

roller shaft

15

first glue receptacle

16

second glue receptacle

17, 18

glue

20

Removal device carrier

25

removal device

26

Removal device shaft

27

first area

28

second area

29

edge

30

receiving surface

31 to 34

first to fourth section

40

label

41

label image

42

first glue section

43

second glue section

44

first backside section

45

second backside section

50

Object, container

60

Eye of an observer

Claims (14)

Removal device (25) for removing labels (40) (1), with
a receiving surface (30) for receiving glue (17, 18) having
a first region (27) in which at least a first portion (31) is arranged on at least one second portion (32) to ensure adequate gluing of a side of a label (40) to be glued, wherein the first and second portions (31, 32) are configured such that glue (17, 18) can adhere much more easily in the first section (31) than in the second section (32), and
at least one second region (28) in which a third section (33) is disposed on a fourth section (34) for information purposes of the side of the label (40) to be glued, the third and fourth sections (33, 34) being so configured are that glue (17, 18) can adhere much more easily in the third section (33) than in the fourth section (34). A picking device according to claim 1, wherein the third and / or fourth portion (33, 34) is arranged to form information relating to the manufacture of an article (50) to be provided with the label (40) and / or to contain advertising information. Removal device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the third or fourth portion (33, 34) for forming at least one digit and / or at least one letter and / or at least one pictorial representation on the label (40) is configured. Removal device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the third or fourth portion (33, 34) is formed as a recess or recess of the receiving surface (30) and / or the third portion (33) has a higher adhesive adhesion force than the fourth portion (34). , Removal device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second region (28) with at least two sides adjacent to the first region (27) and / or the first region (27) surrounds the second region (28) and / or the second region, free positionable in the first area can be accommodated. Removal device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second region (28) is an exchangeable element, which is detachably arranged on the first region (27). Removal device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the replaceable element for forming a positive connection with the first region (27) is configured. Pallet table (2) for a labeling machine for labeling an article, comprising at least one removal device (25) according to one of the preceding claims. Labeling machine (1) for labeling an article, with a removal device (25) according to one of claims 1 to 7 or a pallet table according to claim 8. Labeling machine (1) according to claim 8, also with
a first glue receptacle (15) for receiving transparent glue (17), and
a second glue receptacle (16) for receiving colored glue (18),
wherein the labeling machine (1) is designed such that the transparent glue (17) on the first region (27) and the colored glue (18) on the second region (28) can be applied or vice versa. Method of gluing a label (40), comprising the step
Applying glue (17, 18) to a receiving surface (30) which is part of a removal device (25) for removing labels (40),
wherein the receiving surface (30) has a first region (27) in which at least a first portion (31) is arranged on at least one second portion (32) to ensure adequate gluing of a side of a label (40) to be glued, the first and second sections (31, 32) are configured such that glue (17, 18) can adhere significantly more easily in the first section (31) than in the second section (32) and has a second section (28) in which a third section (33) is arranged on a fourth section (34) for information purposes of the side of the label (40) to be glued, wherein the third and fourth sections (33, 34) are configured such that glue in the third section (34) 33) can adhere much more easily than in the fourth section (34), and
wherein the application of glue is carried out in one process step. Method according to claim 11, wherein during the application of the glue (17, 18) a transparent glue (17) is applied to the first area (27) and a colored glue (18) is applied to the second area (28) or vice versa ... .. Label (40) for labeling an at least partially transparent article (50), with
a first rear side region (42, 44), in which at least one first glue section (42) is arranged on at least one first rear side section (44), so that sufficient gluing of the back side of the label (40) is ensured, wherein in the first rear side section ( 44) adheres significantly less glue (17, 18) than in the first glue section (42), and
a second rear side region (43, 45), in which a second glue section (43) is arranged on a second rear side section (45), for information purposes of the reverse side of the label (40), wherein significantly less glue (17 , 18) than in the second glue section (43). A container (50) provided with a label (40) produced by a method according to claim 11 or 12.

Images