Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
  • A61K31/513—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. cytosine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
  • A61K31/425—Thiazoles
  • A61K31/427—Thiazoles not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
  • A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
  • A61K9/146—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic macromolecular compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
  • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
  • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/2027—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
  • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
  • A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV

Definitions

• the present invention relates to amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co- precipitated on copovidone, process for its preparation and pharmaceutical compositions comprising it.
• HIV protease inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease have been approved for use in the treatment of HIV infection for several years.
• a particularly effective HIV protease inhibitor was (2S,3S,5S)-2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxyacetyl)amino-3-hydroxy-5-(2- l-tetrahydropyrimid-2-onyl)-3-methylbutanoyl)amino-l ,6-diphenylhexane, also known as lopinavir.
• Lopinavir was known to have ability of inhibiting HIV protease and the HIV infection. Lopinavir was particular effective for the inhibition of HIV protease and for the inhibition of HIV infection when co-administered with Ritonavir.
• amorphous lopinavir can be prepared by dissolving lopinavir in a solvent such as absolute ethanol, isopropanol, acetone or acetonitrile and then adding the solution to water.
• Polymorphism is defined as "the ability of a substance to exist as two or more crystalline phases that have different arrangement and/or conformations of the molecules in the crystal Lattice.
• polymorphs are different crystalline structures of the same pure substance in which the molecules have different arrangements and/or different configurations of the molecules.
• Different polymorphs may differ in their physical properties such as melting point, solubility, X-ray diffraction patterns, etc. Although those differences disappear once the compound is dissolved, they can appreciably influence pharmaceutically relevant properties of the solid form, such as handling properties, dissolution rate and stability. Such properties can significantly influence the processing, shelf life, and commercial acceptance of a polymorph.
• Polymorphic forms of a compound can be distinguished in the laboratory by analytical methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Infrared spectrometry (IR).
• XRD X-ray diffraction
• DSC Differential Scanning Calorimetry
• IR Infrared spectrometry
• Solvent medium and mode of crystallization play very important role in obtaining one polymorphic Form over the other.
• a mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir can exist in different polymorphic Forms, which may differ from each other in terms of stability, physical properties, spectral data and methods of preparation.
• PCT Publication No. WO 2001/74787 described various polymorphic Forms of lopinavir and processes for their preparation.
• the Publication described the formation of several polymorphic Forms of lopinavir, which were designated lopinavir crystal Form of Type I hydrated, Type I higher hydrated, Type II isopropanol hemisolvate, Type II isopropanol solvate, Type II ethyl acetate hemisolvate, Type II ethyl acetate solvate, Type II chloroform hemisolvate, Type III ethyl acetate solvated, Type III de-solvated and Type IV non-solvated.
• PCT publication no. WO 2010/089753 disclosed a de-solvated crystalline Form HI and cyclohexane solvate Form of lopinavir.
• An unpublished application, IN 303/CHE/201 1 assigned to Hetero research foundation discloses a process for the preparation of lopinavir amorphous Form, lopinavir de-solvated crystalline Form H2 and lopinavir de-solvated crystalline Form H3.
• Crystalline Form II of ritonavir was disclosed in U.S. patent no. 6,894,171. According to the patent also described crystalline form I of ritonavir.
• substantially pure amorphous ritonavir can be prepared by adding a solution of ritonavir containing methanol or methylene chloride to an anti-solvent such as hexane or methyl t-butyl ether and isolating.
• U.S. patent no. 5,559,158 disclosed a solid pharmaceutical composition of ritonavir having the composition is encapsulated in a hard gelatin capsule.
• U.S. patent no. 5,948,436 disclosed pharmaceutical composition comprising a solution of ritonavir having the solution is encapsulated in a hard gelatin capsule or a soft elastic gelatin capsule.
• the amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone has been found to be stable over the time and reproducible and so, suitable for pharmaceutical preparations.
• an object of the present invention is to provide amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone, process for its preparation and pharmaceutical compositions comprising it.
• the present invention provides amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone.
• the present invention provides a process for the preparation of amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone, which comprises:
• the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
• Figure 1 is an X-ray powder diffraction spectrum of amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone.
• X-ray powder diffraction spectrum was measured on a bruker axs D8 advance X- ray powder diffractometer having a copper- ⁇ radiation.
• Approximately 1 gm of sample was gently flattered on a sample holder and scanned from 2 to 50 degrees two-theta, at 0.019 degrees two theta per step and a step time of 1 19 seconds. The sample was simply placed on the sample holder. The sample was rotated at 30 rpm at a voltage 40 KV and current 35 mA.
• room temperature refers to temperature at about 25 to 35°C.
• amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone there is provided amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone.
• the powdered x-ray diffractogram (PXRD) of amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone is shown in figure 1.
• Amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone is found to be stable.
• a process for the preparation of amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone which comprises:
• Lopinavir and ritonavir used in step (a) may be any known crystalline or amorphous Forms.
• the alcoholic solvent used in step (a) may preferably be a solvent or a mixture of solvents selected from methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and n-butanol, and more preferably the alcoholic solvent is ethanol.
• the dissolution in step (a) may be performed, for example, by heating the mixture of lopinavir, ritonavir and copovidone in the solvent.
• Drying in step (b) may preferably be carried out at about 60 to 70°C under high vacuum.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co- precipitated on copovidone and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, and optionally other therapeutic ingredients.
• the amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co- precipitated on copovidone may preferably be formulated into tablets, capsules, suspensions, dispersions, injectables or other pharmaceutical forms.
• Example 1 was repeated using ritonavir crystalline Form II instead of ritonavir crystalline Form I to obtain amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone.
• Example 1 was repeated using methanol solvent instead of ethanol solvent to obtain amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone.
• Example 4 was repeated using methanol solvent instead of ethanol solvent to obtain amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone.
• Example 1 was repeated using lopinavir de-solvated crystalline Form H2 instead of lopinavir de-solvated crystalline Form HI to obtain amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone.
• Example 1 was repeated using lopinavir de-solvated crystalline Form H3 instead of lopinavir de-solvated crystalline Form HI to obtain amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone.
• Example 6 :
• Example 1 was repeated using lopinavir type I hydrated instead of lopinavir de- solvated crystalline Form HI to obtain amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co : precipitated on copovidone. ;
• Example 1 was repeated using lopinavir type I higher hydrated instead of lopinavir de-solvated crystalline Form HI to obtain amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone.
• Example 1 Preparation of amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co-precipitated on copovidone
• Example 1 was repeated using lopinavir amorphous Form instead of lopinavir de- solvated crystalline Form HI to obtain amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir co- precipitated on copovidone.
• Example 9 :
• Tablet composition comprising Ritonavir and Lopinavir prepared by hot-melt extrusion method:
• Each 266.6 mg of amorphous mixture of lopinavir and ritonavir contains 200 mg of lopinavir and 50 mg of ritonavir.
• step no. (ii) surfactant was added to the material of step no. (ii) while mixing for 6-7 minutes, iv) the blend of step no. (iii) was passed through hot melt extruder to form extrudes, v) the extrudes of step no. (iv) were milled using pulverizer and the milled extrudes were sifted through mesh # 30,
• step no. (v) milled extrudes of step no. (v) were lubricated with colloidal silicon dioxide and sodium stearyl fumarate and finally compressed into tablets and
• step no. (vi) the tablets of step no. (vi) were film coated using opadry yellow.
• Tablet composition comprising Ritonavir and Lopinavir prepared by hot-melt extrusion method:
• Each 133.3mg of 3 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 5 mixture of Ritonavir and Lopinavir contains lOOmg lopinavir and 25mg Ritonavir.
• step no. (i) the sifted material of step no. (i) were loaded into rapid mixer granulator and mixed for 10 minutes,
• step no. (ii) surfactant was added to the material of step no. (ii) while mixing for 6-7 minutes, iv) the blend of step no. (iii) was passed through hot melt extruder to form extrudes, v) the extrudes of step no. (iv) were milled using pulverizer and the milled extrudes were sifted through mesh # 30,
• step no. (v) milled extrudes of step no. (v) were lubricated with colloidal silicon dioxide and sodium stearyl fumarate and finally compressed into tablets and
• step no. (vi) the tablets of step no. (vi) were film coated using opadry yellow.

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• 2012
  • 2012-08-13 WO PCT/IN2012/000549 patent/WO2013024494A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2012-08-13 EP EP12823566.0A patent/EP2744573A2/de not_active Withdrawn

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