EP2742339A1 - Procede de determination de l'apparition de decohesions dans une couche de revetement en ceramique transparente formee sur un substrat - Google Patents
Procede de determination de l'apparition de decohesions dans une couche de revetement en ceramique transparente formee sur un substratInfo
- Publication number
- EP2742339A1 EP2742339A1 EP12758550.3A EP12758550A EP2742339A1 EP 2742339 A1 EP2742339 A1 EP 2742339A1 EP 12758550 A EP12758550 A EP 12758550A EP 2742339 A1 EP2742339 A1 EP 2742339A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- image
- substrate
- coating layer
- layer
- particular wavelengths
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/8422—Investigating thin films, e.g. matrix isolation method
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/8422—Investigating thin films, e.g. matrix isolation method
- G01N2021/8427—Coatings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the general field of non-destructive testing of a transparent ceramic thermal barrier layer formed on a substrate.
- a particular field of application of the invention is that of adhesion tests for coatings such as those used for hot turbine parts, such as distributor blades or high pressure turbine impellers.
- thermal barrier in the form of a ceramic layer.
- a ceramic commonly used for this purpose is ZrO 2 zirconia possibly stabilized with yttrium.
- Such a thermal barrier is typically formed by physical vapor deposition or PVD (for "Physical Vapor Deposition"), in particular by electron beam assisted PVD or EPBVD (for "Electron Beam PVD”), giving the thermal barrier a columnar structure.
- a bonding sub-layer is interposed between the monocrystalline metal alloy substrate and the thermal barrier which has a function of resistance to oxidation and which promotes the adhesion of the thermal barrier to enable it to exhibit good resistance to corrosion. flaking.
- a known bonding underlayer is composed of a platinum-type metal-modified nickel and / or cobalt aluminide, and may furthermore comprise, in the vicinity of the interface with the thermal barrier, a metal which is a promoter of the forming an Al2O3 alumina film on which the thermal barrier is anchored.
- a method for non-destructively, to determine the occurrence of any decohesions at the oxide layer on the substrate It is known from FR 2,926,137 a method for determining the adhesion of a ceramic coating layer consisting of applying a laser pulse on the substrate coated with the ceramic layer, to find an image representative of a possible separation zone. between the ceramic layer and the substrate, and analyze the image possibly detected. In the absence of detachment of the ceramic layer, the latter, which is transparent, shows the underlying layer of gray color.
- the main object of the present invention is thus to overcome such disadvantages by proposing to improve the observation of the spots which appear when a delamination occurs between the substrate and the ceramic coating.
- This object is achieved by a method of determining the occurrence of decohesions in a transparent ceramic coating layer formed on a substrate, comprising the steps of searching for an image representative of an eventual separation zone between the coating layer. ceramic and the substrate, and analyze the image possibly detected, the image being optically visualized at particular wavelengths greater than or equal to 500 nm.
- the Applicant has been found by the Applicant that the observation of the image at wavelengths greater than or equal to 500 nm makes it possible to eliminate the noise of the low wavelengths which make it impossible to differentiate zones with separation from areas without delamination.
- the images obtained have a strong contrast between light areas corresponding to spots and gray areas corresponding to a lack of detachment.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to reliably detect the spots and to subsequently be able to dimension them accurately in order to deduce the size thereof.
- the visualization of the image at particular wavelengths is not an image processing that would be applied after its acquisition but rather a particular image acquisition process that eliminates the lengths of the image. wave that sounds like noise.
- the particular wavelengths are preferably greater than or equal to 600 nm. It has indeed been found by the Applicant that, for this type of zirconia, the wavelengths greater than or equal to 600nm make it possible to highlight the best the differences between areas with spots and spotless areas.
- the particular wavelengths are preferably greater than or equal to 500 nm. It has also been found that, for this type of zirconia with a columnar structure, wavelengths greater than or equal to 500 nm are the most likely to bring out the spots visually.
- the coating layer can thus be subjected to reduced spectrum illumination at particular wavelengths, the image being captured by a camera.
- the coating layer may be subjected to white illumination, the image being captured by a camera with the interposition of a filter at particular wavelengths interposed between said camera and the substrate.
- the coating layer may be subjected to white illumination, the image being captured by a camera provided with optical sensors set at particular wavelengths.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a substrate coated with a thermal barrier with ceramic coating and on which the method according to the invention can be advantageously implemented;
- FIGS. 2A and 2B show reflectance curves as a function of the wavelength of a thermal barrier with a columnar zirconia and a plasma zirconia coating.
- a particular field of application of the invention is that of determining the occurrence of possible decohesion of a thermal barrier comprising a transparent ceramic layer formed on a monocrystalline metal superalloy substrate with the interposition of an underlayer link.
- Figure 1 shows, in section, an example of such a thermal barrier formed by a layer 16 of zirconia stabilized with yttrium.
- the layer 16 here has a columnar structure obtained by an EBPVD deposition process.
- the zirconia layer could be obtained by plasma (and therefore have no columnar structure).
- the layer 16 is advantageously deposited on a bonding sub-layer 12 essentially made of platinum-modified nickel aluminide (Ni, Pt) Al formed on a monocrystalline superalloy substrate 10.
- a layer or film 14 of Al 2 O 3 alumina is formed at the interface between the bonding sub-layer 12 and the zirconia layer 16 during the preparation of the latter.
- the application of a laser pulse on the substrate is one way of causing the onset of decohesion of the ceramic coating layer to determine adhesion.
- the present invention is not limited to such adhesion tests, but more generally relates to the observation of possible decohesions of the ceramic coating layer, these decohesions may appear in different ways. In particular, the decohesions may appear "naturally" during the lifetime of the thermal barrier, their observation then to determine the good behavior of the latter on the substrate.
- a short laser pulse of high energy is thus applied to the surface of the substrate 10 which is opposite to that provided with the coating 16.
- the laser energy is absorbed to generate a plasma of which expansion creates compression waves.
- These compression waves give rise to a shock wave that propagates in the substrate and is then reflected by the free surface of the coating into a relaxation wave.
- the intersection between this wave of relaxation and a wave corresponding to the end of the laser pulse creates tensile stresses which can cause decohesion between the coating and the substrate, more precisely, in the case envisaged in FIG. localized the bond between the zirconia layer 16 and the underlayer 12.
- the zirconia coating layer there are provided means for observing the surface of the zirconia coating layer, this observation making it possible to determine the presence or absence of separation zones of the coating layer.
- the latter which is transparent, shows the underlying layer of gray color.
- an air layer is then present under the peeled part of the zirconia layer, which results in a clear spot, the area of which represents the size of the part taken off.
- the invention is intended to display the representative image of a possible separation zone between the ceramic and the substrate at particular wavelengths greater than or equal to 500nm.
- FIG. 2A shows in particular the reflectance (in%) - that is to say the proportion of incident light reflected by the coating layer - of a zirconia coating layer obtained by EPBVD deposition (conferring on it a columnar structure ) as a function of the wavelength (in nm), while Figure 2B shows the reflectance for a zirconia coating layer obtained by plasma deposition.
- the curve 100 shows the reflectance of the zirconia layer EPBVD in the absence of delamination and the curve 110 the reflectance of this same layer in the presence of detachment.
- the curve 200 shows the reflectance of the plasma zirconia layer in the absence of delamination and the curve 210 the reflectance of this same layer in the presence of delamination. These curves show the appearance of a more and more important contrast at long wavelengths greater than or equal to 600 nm.
- it is intended to subject the coating layer to reduced spectrum light illumination at wavelengths greater than or equal to 500 nm, the image of the surface of the coating layer being captured by a classic digital camera.
- the coating layer is subjected to white illumination (i.e. covering the entire visible electromagnetic spectrum), the image of the surface of the coating layer being captured by a digital camera.
- a filter allowing only particular wavelengths (that is, greater than or equal to 500 nm) to pass is interposed between the camera and the substrate in order to keep only the images at the desired wavelengths. .
- the coating layer is subjected to white illumination, the image being captured by a camera provided with optical sensors set at particular wavelengths (i.e. equal to 600nm).
- the exploitation of the images of the surface of the ceramic layer at particular wavelengths can be carried out in a manner similar to that described in document FR 2,926,137.
- a destructive test on a sample or a part it is possible to determine a threshold of adhesion of a coating by measuring the surface area of a spot reflecting a detachment caused by laser radiation impact.
- the experimental correlation between laser energy level and adherence threshold can be performed by analyzing the size of an observed spot or by scanning a set of different energy levels and determining the onset of clear spot.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1157283A FR2979014B1 (fr) | 2011-08-10 | 2011-08-10 | Procede de determination de l'apparition de decohesions dans une couche de revetement en ceramique transparente formee sur un substrat |
PCT/FR2012/051856 WO2013021134A1 (fr) | 2011-08-10 | 2012-08-07 | Procede de determination de l'apparition de decohesions dans une couche de revetement en ceramique transparente formee sur un substrat |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2742339A1 true EP2742339A1 (fr) | 2014-06-18 |
Family
ID=46832476
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12758550.3A Withdrawn EP2742339A1 (fr) | 2011-08-10 | 2012-08-07 | Procede de determination de l'apparition de decohesions dans une couche de revetement en ceramique transparente formee sur un substrat |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9599568B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2742339A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2979014B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013021134A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2666186T3 (es) | 2015-06-05 | 2018-05-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Composición detergente líquida compactada para lavado de ropa |
EP3101107B1 (fr) | 2015-06-05 | 2019-04-24 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Composition de detergent liquide compacte pour blanchisserie |
EP3101102B2 (fr) | 2015-06-05 | 2023-12-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Composition de detergent liquide compacte pour blanchisserie |
CN109839352B (zh) * | 2017-11-29 | 2021-04-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种检测金属工件与涂层之间的贴合程度的方法及装置 |
CN113920118B (zh) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-15 | 武汉卓久玻璃制品有限公司 | 基于图像处理的中空玻璃间隔条缺胶检测方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040149026A1 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-05 | General Electric Company | Method and devices for quantitative evaluation of coatings |
FR2926137A1 (fr) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-10 | Snecma Sa | Procede de determination de l'adherence d'une couche de barriere thermique en ceramique formee sur un substrat |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5015502A (en) * | 1988-11-03 | 1991-05-14 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Ceramic thermal barrier coating with alumina interlayer |
KR960018523A (ko) * | 1994-11-16 | 1996-06-17 | 배순훈 | 드럼의 다이아몬드상 카본 코팅두께 측정방법 |
FR2745590B1 (fr) * | 1996-02-29 | 1998-05-15 | Snecma | Revetement de barriere thermique a sous-couche amelioree et pieces revetues par une telle barriere thermique |
US6285449B1 (en) * | 1999-06-11 | 2001-09-04 | University Of Chicago | Optical method and apparatus for detection of defects and microstructural changes in ceramics and ceramic coatings |
EP2263076A1 (fr) * | 2008-03-28 | 2010-12-22 | Schott AG | Procédé d'essai thermographique de matériaux non métalliques, en particulier de matériaux non métalliques revêtus, ainsi que leur procédé de fabrication, et objets fabriqués selon ce procédé |
US20120034491A1 (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2012-02-09 | United Technologies Corporation | Cmas resistant tbc coating |
-
2011
- 2011-08-10 FR FR1157283A patent/FR2979014B1/fr active Active
-
2012
- 2012-08-07 US US14/238,006 patent/US9599568B2/en active Active
- 2012-08-07 EP EP12758550.3A patent/EP2742339A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-08-07 WO PCT/FR2012/051856 patent/WO2013021134A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040149026A1 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-05 | General Electric Company | Method and devices for quantitative evaluation of coatings |
FR2926137A1 (fr) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-10 | Snecma Sa | Procede de determination de l'adherence d'une couche de barriere thermique en ceramique formee sur un substrat |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2013021134A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2979014B1 (fr) | 2013-08-30 |
US20140185916A1 (en) | 2014-07-03 |
WO2013021134A1 (fr) | 2013-02-14 |
FR2979014A1 (fr) | 2013-02-15 |
US9599568B2 (en) | 2017-03-21 |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: GUIPONT, VINCENT Inventor name: FABRE, GREGORY Inventor name: GUEDOU, JEAN-YVES Inventor name: JEANDIN, MICHEL, CHRISTIAN, MARCEL |
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DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES |
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