EP2741001B1 - Stützstruktur für Hitzeschildplatten einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer, Hitzeschildeinheit und Gasturbinenbrennkammer - Google Patents

Stützstruktur für Hitzeschildplatten einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer, Hitzeschildeinheit und Gasturbinenbrennkammer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2741001B1
EP2741001B1 EP13196562.6A EP13196562A EP2741001B1 EP 2741001 B1 EP2741001 B1 EP 2741001B1 EP 13196562 A EP13196562 A EP 13196562A EP 2741001 B1 EP2741001 B1 EP 2741001B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
insulating
connection element
plate
combustion chamber
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Application number
EP13196562.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2741001A1 (de
Inventor
Gianluigi Bertino
Rocco Galella
Alessandro Vella
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Ansaldo Energia SpA
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Ansaldo Energia SpA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/04—Supports for linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/007—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel constructed mainly of ceramic components

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a supporting structure for gas turbine combustion chamber heat-insulating tiles, an insulating module and a gas turbine combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber of gas turbines must be provided on the inside with a heat-insulating lining made of refractory material, because of the high temperatures which are developed during machine operation.
  • the heat-insulating lining is generally formed by a plurality of refractory tiles arranged in continuous rows on the inner walls of the combustion chamber casing, so as to define an essentially continuous surface.
  • the refractory tiles are arranged on circumferences about the rotor axis.
  • the assembly of the refractory tiles includes inserting and sliding the connection elements along circumferential guides.
  • connection elements which couple to ribs defined by the grooves.
  • connection elements for one side of the refractory tiles are inserted in guides on the casing and made to slide to the respective fastening positions.
  • the refractory tile is then arranged in seat, with a side engaging the fastening elements. Further connection elements are inserted along the guides and made to slide to couple with the side of the tile which is still free.
  • a metallic tile is used in each row, which has a through hole and is fixed to the casing for last by micro-cast screw inserted from the outside and engaged on a pack of pre-assembled springs.
  • the metallic tile cannot guarantee an insulation comparable to that of the refractory tiles and moreover requires a specific cooling system.
  • a supporting structure for heat-insulating tiles of gas turbine combustion chambers, a heat-insulating module for gas turbine combustion chambers and a gas turbine combustion chamber are provided, as defined in claims 1, 10 and 14, respectively.
  • a gas turbine combustion chamber heat-insulating module as a whole indicated by reference numeral 1, comprises a heat-insulating tile 2, made of refractory material, e.g. a ceramic material, and supporting structures 3 for fixing the heat-insulating tile 2 to the walls of a gas turbine combustion chamber (not shown here).
  • the heat-insulating tile 2 is rectangular and has an essentially continuous and uniform working face 2a facing the inside of the combustion chamber in use.
  • the working face 2a of the heat-insulating tile 2 is free from holes, cavities and through recesses.
  • opposite sides of the heat-insulating tile 2 has respective groves 4, which extend for their entire length.
  • the grooves 4 form ribs 2b, which define fastening seats for coupling with the supporting structures 3.
  • the sides of the heat-insulating tile 2 may have separate recesses defining fastening seats for the supporting structures 3.
  • the heat-insulating module 1 comprises two supporting structures 3 arranged parallel to each other but it is understood that a different number thereof could be provided.
  • Each supporting structure 3 comprises a first connection element 5, a second connection element 6, a clamping device 7 and a fixing device 8.
  • the first connection element 5 and the second connection element 6 are defined by respective elastic metal laminae and extend opposite to each other from the clamping device 7.
  • the first connection element 5 and the second connection element 6 have respective first ends 5a, 6a and second ends 5b, 6b.
  • the first ends 5a, 6a are coupled to respective fastening seats, defined by portions of the ribs 2b on opposite sides of the heat-insulating tile 2.
  • the first ends 5a, 6a of the first connection element and of the second connection element 6 are folded as a C toward respective second ends 5b, 6b, on the side facing the heat-insulating tile 2, and form terminals 13, 14 adapted to receive portions of respective ribs 2b of the heat-insulating tile 2.
  • the second ends 5b, 6b of the first connection element 5 and of the second connection element 6 are clamped by the clamping device 7. Furthermore, the second ends 5b, 6b at rest are folded so that the first ends 5a, 6a extend slightly towards the heat-insulating tile 2, once the first connection element 5 and the second connection element 6 are coupled to the clamping device.
  • the clamping device 7 comprises a first plate 10 and a second plate 11, reciprocally facing each other, and clamping screws 12 for alternatively clamping the first plate 10 and the second plate 11 against each other and to move the first plate 10 and the second plate 11 away from each other.
  • the first plate 10 and the second plate 11 have an essentially rectangular shape and the first connection element 5 and the second connection element 6 extend from the smaller sides, parallel to the greater sides of the first plate 10 and of the second plate 11.
  • the second ends 5b, 6b of the first connection element 5 and of the second connection element 6 are clamped between the first plate 10 and the second plate 11 of the clamping device 7. Furthermore, the second ends 5b, 6b have holes and the screws 12 are arranged through them preventing the connection elements 5, 6 from exiting from the respective seats. In one embodiment, the screws 12 are of the countersunk head type and are profiled so as to allow the thermal expansion of the connection elements 5, 6.
  • the fastening device 8 is arranged on one side of the supporting structure 3 opposite to the heat-insulating tile 2 in use and in an embodiment comprises a threaded pin 15 and a nut 16.
  • the threaded pin 15 extends from the first plate 10 of the clamping device 7 on the side opposite to the heat-insulating tile 2 in use and, in the example of figures 1-4 , is screw/nutscrew coupled to a threaded seat 18 in the second plate 11 and in the first plate 10 with through hole.
  • the threaded pin 15 is welded in the seat 18, so as to prevent the rotation with respect to the plates 10, 11 of the clamping device 7.
  • the threaded pin 15 may be made in one piece with the second plate 11.
  • FIGS 5 and 6 illustrate a combustion chamber 20 of a gas turbine (not shown as a whole).
  • the combustion chamber 20 comprises a toroidal casing 21 extending about an axis having a first radially outer shell 22 and a second radially inner shell 23.
  • the combustion chamber 20 is provided with a heat-insulating lining 25 which covers the inside of the first shell 22 and the second shell 23 and comprises a plurality of heat-insulating tiles 26 and a plurality of heat-insulating modules 1.
  • the heat-insulating tiles 26 are of the same type as the heat-insulating tiles 2 used in the heat-insulating modules 1 and are arranged in adjacent groups along circumferences about axis A of the combustion chamber 20. Each group comprises a respective heat-insulating module 1 (except possibly groups in which an access opening to the combustion chamber 20 is provided).
  • connection elements 30 are essentially equal to the connection elements 5, 6 of the supporting structures 3 of the heat-insulating modules 1 and are fixed directly to the casing 21 of the combustion chamber 20.
  • the heat-insulating modules 1 are fixed to the first shell 22, as shown in figures 7 and 8 . More specifically, the first shell 22 has through holes 31. The threaded pins 15 of the heat-insulating modules 1 are housed in respective through holes 31 and clamped to one another by respective nuts 16. Furthermore, the guides 28 have seats 32 for housing the clamping devices 7 (in particular, the first plates 10) of the respective heat-insulating modules 1. Also by virtue of this measure, the heat-insulating modules 1 are arranged so that the heat-insulating tiles 2 form an essentially continuous surface without misalignments with the heat-insulating tiles 26 of the respective groups.
  • the heat-insulating tiles 26 are fitted in conventional manner. Once the connection elements 30 for one side of a heat-insulating tile 26 are housed in the guides 28 and fixed to the casing 21, the heat-insulating tile 26 is arranged in its seat and the connection elements 30 for the other side of the heat-insulating tile 26 are introduced. The procedure is repeated to complete a group of heat-insulating tiles 26 along a circumference, except for one element. A heat-insulating module 1 is used as last element of the group. This is pre-assembled and then fixed to the first shell 22 of the casing 21.
  • the first ends 5a, 6a of the connection elements 5, 6 of the supporting structures 3 are coupled to the ribs 2b on the sides of the heat-insulating tile 2 and the second ends 5b, 6b are rested on the second plate 11.
  • the first plate 10 is thus joined to the second plate 11 and clamped by screws 12.
  • the first connection element 5 and the second connection element 6, which are elastic, are preloaded.
  • the pre-assembled heat-insulating module 1 is inserted in the single space which is still empty of the respective group and fixed to the first shell 22 of the casing 21.
  • the threaded pins 15 of the supporting structures 3 are introduced into respective through holes 31 and fixed by the nuts 16.
  • the described supporting structure thus allows to complete the heat-insulating lining of a toroidal gas turbine combustion chamber using heat-insulating tiles of a same type.
  • the lining is uniformly made of heat-insulating material, without tiles or metallic inserts.
  • the thermal conductivity of the refractory material of the heat-insulating tiles is considerably lower than that of metals, and consequently insulation is more effective and thermal energy losses are reduced.
  • the fixing of the casing does not require metallic component exposed to the high temperature of the combustion chamber. Consequently, the working conditions being the same, the cooling system of the metallic parts (connection elements), already present for the other heat-insulating tiles, is suitable also for the heat-insulating modules.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Stützstruktur für Hitzeschildplatten einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer umfassend:
    ein erstes Verbindungselement (5) und ein zweites Verbindungselement (6), die jeweils erste Enden (5a, 6a) aufweisen, welche dazu bestimmt sind, an den Seiten einer Hitzeschildplatte (2) einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer (20) montiert zu werden, und jeweils zweite Enden (5b, 6b);
    eine Spannvorrichtung (7); und
    eine Befestigungsvorrichtung (8), die mit einem Gewindestift (15) versehen ist, der sich von der Spannvorrichtung (7) auf der Betriebsseite gegenüber der Hitzeschildplatte (2) erstreckt, und mit einer Mutter (16) ;
    wobei jeweils das zweite Ende (5b, 6b) des ersten Verbindungselements (5) und des zweiten Verbindungselements (6) von der Spannvorrichtung (7) eingespannt wird und sich in entgegengesetzte Richtungen von der Spannvorrichtung (7) erstreckt;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das der Gewindestift (15) mit der Spannvorrichtung (7) starr verbunden ist, so dass Drehungen des Gewindestifts (15) in Bezug auf die Spannvorrichtung (7) verhindert werden.
  2. Stützstruktur nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Spannvorrichtung (7) eine erste Platte (10) und eine zweite Platte (11) umfasst, die einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind, sowie eine Schraubklemmvorrichtungen (12), welche die erste Platte (10) und die zweite Platte (11) abwechselnd gegeneinander festziehen und die erste Platte (10) und die zweite Platte (11) voneinander trennen; wobei die zweiten Enden (5b, 6b) des ersten Verbindungselements (5) und des zweiten Verbindungselements (6) zwischen der ersten Platte (10) und der zweiten Platte (11) eingespannt sind.
  3. Stützstruktur nach Anspruch 2, wobei die erste Platte (10) und die zweite Platte (11) im Wesentlichen rechteckig sind.
  4. Stützstruktur nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei die zweiten Enden (5b, 6b) des ersten Verbindungselements (5) und des zweiten Verbindungselements (6) Löcher aufweisen und die Schraubklemmvorrichtungen (12) eine erste und eine zweite Schraube aufweisen, welche jeweils durch die zweiten Enden (5b, 6b) des ersten Verbindungselements (5) und des zweiten Verbindungselements (6) passen.
  5. Stützstruktur nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, wobei der Gewindestift (15) entweder an der ersten Platte (10) oder der zweiten Platte (11) mittels einer Schrauben-Mutter-Verbindung mit einem Gewindesitz (18) verbunden und in den Gewindesitz (18) eingeschweißt ist.
  6. Stützstruktur nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, wobei der Gewindestift (15) entweder mit der ersten Platte (10) oder der zweiten Platte (11) einstückig ausgeführt ist.
  7. Stützstruktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das erste Verbindungselement (5) und das zweite Verbindungselement (6) jeweils elastische Metalllamellen aufweisen.
  8. Stützstruktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die ersten Enden (5a, 6a) des ersten Verbindungselements (5) und des zweiten Verbindungselements (6) Aufnahmeflächen (13, 14) zur Aufnahme von Abschnitten der entsprechenden Seiten der Hitzeschildplatte (2) bilden.
  9. Stützstruktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die ersten Enden (5a, 6a) des ersten Verbindungselements (5) und des zweiten Verbindungselements (6) auf der Seite, die der im Betrieb befindlichen Hitzeschildplatte (2) gegenüberliegt, in Richtung der jeweiligen zweiten Enden (5b, 6b) gebogen sind.
  10. Hitzeschildmodul einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer, umfassend eine Hitzeschildplatte (2) und mindestens eine Stützstruktur (3) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, welche an der Hitzeschildplatte (2) befestigt ist.
  11. Hitzeschildmodul nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Hitzeschildplatte (2) an gegenüberliegenden Seiten Befestigungssitze (2b) aufweist und die ersten Enden (5a, 6a) des ersten Verbindungselements (5) und des zweiten Verbindungselements (6) an den entsprechenden Befestigungssitzen (2b) der Hitzeschildplatte (2) befestigt sind.
  12. Hitzeschildmodulnach Anspruch 10 oder 11, umfassend eine Vielzahl von Stützstrukturen (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, welche an der Hitzeschildplatte (2) befestigt und parallel zueinander angeordnet sind.
  13. Hitzeschildmodulnach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, wobei die Hitzeschildplatte (2) eine im Wesentlichen durchgehende und gleichmäßige Arbeitsfläche aufweist.
  14. Gasturbinenbrennkammer, umfassend ein ringförmiges Gehäuse (21), das sich um eine Achse (A) erstreckt, und eine an dem Gehäuse (21) befestigte Hitzeschildauskleidung (25) mit mindestens einem Hitzeschildmodul (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, wobei das Hitzeschildmodul (1) an dem Gehäuse (21) befestigt ist und der Gewindestift (15) durch eine in dem Gehäuse (21) vorgesehene Öffnung (31) geführt wird, wobei die Mutter (16) von der Außenseite des Gehäuses (21) mit dem Gewindestift (15) verschraubt ist.
  15. Brennkammer nach Anspruch 14, wobei die Hitzeschildauskleidung (25) eine Vielzahl weiterer Hitzeschildplatten (26) umfasst, die entlang einem Kreis um die Achse (A) an dem ersten Mantel (22) befestigt sind,
    wobei das Hitzeschildmodul (1) mit den weiteren Hitzeschildplatten (26) eine im Wesentlichen durchgehenden Fläche bildet.
  16. Brennkammer nach Anspruch 15, wobei eine Innenfläche (22a) des ersten Mantels Umfangsführungen (28) zur Aufnahme von Verbindungselementen (30) aufweist, die zur Befestigung der weiteren Hitzeschildplatten (26) dienen, und eine Aufnahmefläche (32), auf der die Spannvorrichtung (7) des Hitzeschildmoduls (1) angeordnet ist.
EP13196562.6A 2012-12-10 2013-12-10 Stützstruktur für Hitzeschildplatten einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer, Hitzeschildeinheit und Gasturbinenbrennkammer Active EP2741001B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT002104A ITMI20122104A1 (it) 2012-12-10 2012-12-10 Struttura di supporto per piastrelle termoisolanti di camere di combustione di turbine a gas, modulo termoisolante e camera di combustione di turbina a gas

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EP2741001A1 EP2741001A1 (de) 2014-06-11
EP2741001B1 true EP2741001B1 (de) 2020-02-05

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015202097A1 (de) * 2015-02-06 2016-08-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ringbrennkammer mit Bypasssegment
EP3845810B1 (de) 2019-12-31 2023-11-22 ANSALDO ENERGIA S.p.A. Stützvorrichtung für wärmeisolierende kacheln einer brennkammer einer gasturbinenanlage für kraftwerke und eine gasturbinenanlage

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2236928A1 (de) * 2009-03-17 2010-10-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hitzeschildelement eines Hitzeschildes
ES2531099T3 (es) * 2009-06-09 2015-03-10 Siemens Ag Disposición de elemento de escudo térmico y procedimiento para el montaje de un elemento de escudo térmico
IT1397226B1 (it) * 2009-12-30 2013-01-04 Ansaldo Energia Spa Metodo di manutenzione di una camera di combustione di un impianto a turbina a gas.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP2741001A1 (de) 2014-06-11

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