EP2740896A1 - Structure de recouvrement pour une chaussée - Google Patents

Structure de recouvrement pour une chaussée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2740896A1
EP2740896A1 EP13195969.4A EP13195969A EP2740896A1 EP 2740896 A1 EP2740896 A1 EP 2740896A1 EP 13195969 A EP13195969 A EP 13195969A EP 2740896 A1 EP2740896 A1 EP 2740896A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tunnel
covering
length
light
exit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13195969.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Simona Marta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Enesy Engineering and Electrical Systems Srl
Original Assignee
Enesy Engineering and Electrical Systems Srl
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Publication date
Application filed by Enesy Engineering and Electrical Systems Srl filed Critical Enesy Engineering and Electrical Systems Srl
Publication of EP2740896A1 publication Critical patent/EP2740896A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B1/3205—Structures with a longitudinal horizontal axis, e.g. cylindrical or prismatic structures

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a covering structure for a roadway, in particular at the entrance and/ or exit of road tunnels.
  • luminance is intended the value of the ratio between the light intensity emitted from a source, for example a lamp, towards a surface normal to the direction of the light flux, for example the road lane, and the area of the lighted surface. Such a quantity is further indicative of the glare that the light source could cause in vehicle drivers passing in the lighted tunnel.
  • a first requirement to be considered during the design and/ or installation concerns the definition of a starting luminance level to be realized in the initial tunnel length (adaptation or sill length) in order that the driver, which is outside of the tunnel, could perceive the presence of possible obstacles inside the tunnel itself, at a helpful distance to be able to control his/ her vehicle consequently.
  • a second requirement concerns the change determination of luminance level along a tunnel length, which is substantially central, disposed downstream of the initial length, in order to allow a progressive and gradual adaptation of the driver eye from high levels of outer daytime light to those levels present inside the tunnel.
  • a third requirement is to determine the luminance level in the final tunnel length which has to be obtained for the adaptation of the human eye from the luminance levels outside of the tunnel with respect to the luminance levels determinable in the central length of the tunnel which are due to the artificial lighting.
  • the so realized systems need a surplus of electric energy for the reinforcing and pre-exit lighting; this causes an increase of electric consumptions and managing costs, in addition to maintenance costs.
  • a further inconvenience is from the fact that current lighting systems of road tunnels never avoid that vehicle drivers are subjected to troublesome phenomena of eyesight glare or dimming.
  • Patent application n. FR-A-2693228 discloses a solution according to prior art.
  • a structure for partially covering the roadway is provided at the entrance/exit of a tunnel. Covering panels are mounted on the structure for intercepting and shielding the sunlight along a direction which would bother the drivers.
  • the covering structure comprises a supporting frame surmounting the roadway at least in part, so that to allow the vehicle passage below, and extending for at least a length leading to the entrance of the tunnel and/ or a length following the exit of the tunnel in a direction longitudinal and parallel to the roadway.
  • the covering structure further comprises a plurality of covering panels arranged on the supporting frame.
  • the covering panels are arranged along the longitudinal direction, spaced out or placed side by side one to another, in order to create an alternate sequence of shielding areas against the solar light combined with areas where the solar light passes, to obtain a progressive and gradual illumination change the drivers perceive, that is the luminance value, in the length leading to the entrance of the tunnel and/ or in the length following the exit of the tunnel.
  • the invention allows to obtain a "black and white striping" on the roadway as alternation of light and shade blades of different sizes and pitches.
  • the covering structure according to the invention creates a substantially protected way at the entrance/ exit of the tunnel which allows a visual adaptation gradually of vehicle drivers between the luminance values present in the tunnel with respect to luminance values present in the outer environment, and vice versa, during the daytime.
  • this allows to eliminate the so called reinforcing and pre-exit lighting in the tunnel thereby keeping a simple permanent lighting with constant intensity for whole length thereof; these solutions allow to cut considerably the electricity consumptions in addition to maintenance costs.
  • the entrance and/ or exit lengths of the tunnel are lengths which lengthen the tunnel itself, so that to be substantially adjacent to an inlet/ outlet section of the tunnel, respectively.
  • the covering panels are opaque to the light, that is they are able to create shielding areas against the light (well defined shadows, for example), and they are spaced out from one another to obtain in-between areas for the light passage.
  • the covering panels are spaced out according to a pitch p, which is preferably constant.
  • Consecutive covering panels on the supporting frame have a width, one with respect to the other, measured along the longitudinal direction (L), increasing in the length leading to the entrance of the tunnel and decreasing in the length following the exit of the tunnel.
  • the width dimension of each panel is obtained by assembling one or more modules one to another.
  • covering panels are opaque panels and they are spaced out one from another according to a pitch p' decreasing in the length leading to the entrance of the tunnel and increasing in the length following the exit of the tunnel, respectively.
  • covering panels can have the same width or a different width, as afore mentioned.
  • covering panels can be arranged one adjacent to the other and have a different transparency/ opaqueness level to the solar light, one with respect to the others, thereby allowing to obtain a corresponding shielding area or an area for the solar light passage.
  • the supporting frame comprises a first and a second base which extend along the longitudinal direction and are disposed at sides opposite one to another with respect to the roadway. It further comprises a plurality of supporting beams having a portal, or arch, shape and spaced out according to a preferably constant separation center-to-center. The ends of each beam rest on the side bases and are fixed to the latter. Supporting beams are preferably arranged at a separation center-to-center comprised between 0.80m and 2m, in particular at about one meter one from another.
  • each covering panel extends for a determined arc of a circle along the portal or arch profile of the supporting beams.
  • the width of the covering panels is preferably coincident or a multiple of the separation center-to-center between two adjacent supporting beams.
  • the supporting beams preferably have curvature radius equal to the tunnel curvature radius.
  • a covering with wire - mesh netting is provided between the supporting beams, in order to guarantee fire resistance in case of fire, shock and corrosion resistance from atmospheric agents.
  • the wire - mesh netting can be used to create half-light on the roadway, if need be.
  • covering panels are assembled fixedly on supporting beams.
  • each covering panel is combined with guide means arranged on two supporting beams adjacent one to another which allow their angular sliding along the arched profile. This allows to adjust the position of the corresponding panel for the adaptation to the solar light orientation and the optimization the light shielding as a consequence. In case of photovoltaic panels it further allows to optimize the light amount which is directed towards the active surface of the photovoltaic panel.
  • covering panels are photovoltaic panels.
  • photovoltaic panels are flexible panels which adapt to the arched shape of the covering surface the supporting frame defines. Arrangement of photovoltaic panels as covering panels allows to produce an energy amount that can be used to supply the permanent lighting inside the tunnel.
  • Each photovoltaic panel is combined with an energy accumulator and an inverter able to invert the direct current in alternating current.
  • the covering structure can further be applied in other scope, for example the scope of greenhouses for the cultivation of vegetable or other type products which need the adjustment of the solar irradiation conditions.
  • This application is independent from the covering structure applied to a road tunnel, therefore the Applicant reserves the right to deposit a corresponding divisional Patent Application.
  • a covering structure 100 for a roadway 250 at the entrance and/ or the exit of a tunnel 200 is represented.
  • the covering structure 100 comprises a supporting frame 50 surmounting the roadway 250, at least in part and along a cross direction T, and developing along a longitudinal direction L in parallel with the roadway 250 for at least a length 52 at the entrance, and/ or a length 54 at the exit.
  • the covering structure 100 only one covering structure 100 is represented, which could represent both the length 52 at the entrance of the tunnel 200 and the length 54 at the exit of the tunnel 200, based on the two opposite running directions d, d' of vehicles.
  • the supporting frame 50 defines at least a lengthening 52 at the entrance of the tunnel 200 and/ or a lengthening 54 at the exit of the tunnel 200.
  • lengthening is intended that the length 52 at the entrance and/ or the length 54 at the exit are adjacent respectively to an inlet of the tunnel 202 and an outlet 204 of the tunnel.
  • the covering structure 100 further comprises a plurality of covering panels 70 assembled on the supporting frame 50.
  • the covering panels 70 are arranged along a longitudinal direction L so that to create an alternate sequence of shielding areas 72 against the solar light combined with areas 74 where the solar light passes and to obtain a progressive and gradual illumination change in the entrance length 52 of the tunnel and/ or in the exit length 54 of the tunnel.
  • the covering panels 70 are opaque to the light and they are spaced out one from another according to a constant pitch p' and they have a width Lp measured along the longitudinal direction L increasing in the entrance length 52, according to the running direction d, and a Lp width decreasing in the exit length 54, according to the running direction d'.
  • opaque panels are intended, which are able to shield a high percentage of light hitting them, or else allowing to create a corresponding shading on the roadway 250.
  • covering panels are preferably composed by a plurality of modules which can be coupled one to another, so that to increase progressively the panel area to be obtained.
  • the covering panels 70 opaque to the light are spaced out one from another respectively by a decreasing pitch p in the entrance length 52, according to the running direction d, and an increasing pitch p in the exit length 54, according to the running direction d'.
  • shielding area 72 as areas coated by means of opaque covering elements 70 which shield the light passage, and the areas 74 for the light passage as open areas free of covering elements 70.
  • the covering panels 70 are adjacent one to another so that to form a whole covering along the longitudinal direction L. Panels have a different transparency/ opaqueness level allowing to obtain the same afore described effect. In other words covering panels opaque to the light are arranged alternately to covering panels transparent to the light.
  • such a covering structure 100 allows to eliminate the so called reinforcing and pre-exit lighting provided in conventional artificial lighting systems, considerably simplifying the lighting system needing, in such a case, a constant and permanent lighting extending for the whole tunnel length. This means a great reduction of electrical costs and maintenance costs.
  • the covering structure 100 also allows to optimize the step of visual adapting at the entrance and the exit of the tunnel, thereby increasing the safety, the speed and the running comfort of vehicles passing in the tunnel.
  • the supporting frame 50 comprises a first 53 and a second 55 base which extend along the longitudinal direction L and are disposed at sides opposite one to another with respect to the roadway 250. It further comprises a plurality of supporting beams 51 having a portal, or arch, shape, aligned and spaced out one to another according to a preferably constant center-to-center i.
  • the ends 51a, 51b of each supporting beams 51 are assembled integrally on the first 53 and the second 55 base, respectively.
  • the supporting beams 51 are preferably arranged at a center-to-center i comprised between 0.80m and 2m, in particular of about 1m.
  • Each covering panel 70 extends for a determined arc of a circle along the arch profile of the supporting beams 51.
  • the width Lp of the covering panels 70 is preferably a multiple of the separation center-to-center i.
  • the supporting beams 51 preferably have a curvature radius equal to the tunnel curvature radius of the inlet 202 and/ or the outlet 204 of the tunnel 200 ( fig. 1 ).
  • the covering panels 70 are photovoltaic panels and preferably of a flexible type, which are able to adapt and follow the portal or arc profile of the supporting beams 51.
  • the arrangement of photovoltaic panels as covering panels 70 allows the shielding function against the light to collaborate with the function of storing solar energy for making electrical energy. More in particular, each photovoltaic panel carries the solar energy stored as direct current into an inverter (not shown) adapted to change in its turn the direct current in alternating current, use ready for tunnel energy needs, mainly in order to supply the permanent lighting system of the tunnel 200.
  • covering structure 100 comprises the possibility of arranging sliding guides on the supporting beams, able to allow a corresponding covering panel 70 to change its relative position along the portal or arc profile of the supporting beams 51, for example in order to adapt its own orientation towards the solar light during daytime.
  • a corresponding covering panel 70 to change its relative position along the portal or arc profile of the supporting beams 51, for example in order to adapt its own orientation towards the solar light during daytime.
  • such an adjustment further allows to optimize the light amount which is directed towards the active surface of the photovoltaic panel.
  • a covering with wire - mesh netting 80 for example, can be assembled, having the function of guaranteeing fire resistance in case of fire, shock and corrosion resistance from atmospheric agents and creating half-light on the roadway between the light blades.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
EP13195969.4A 2012-12-07 2013-12-06 Structure de recouvrement pour une chaussée Withdrawn EP2740896A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000172A ITBS20120172A1 (it) 2012-12-07 2012-12-07 Struttura di copertura di una sede stradale

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2740896A1 true EP2740896A1 (fr) 2014-06-11

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EP13195969.4A Withdrawn EP2740896A1 (fr) 2012-12-07 2013-12-06 Structure de recouvrement pour une chaussée

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EP (1) EP2740896A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITBS20120172A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107355231A (zh) * 2017-06-29 2017-11-17 西安建筑科技大学 一种公路隧道口外延伸段的调光系统及方法
CN107956479A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-04-24 贵阳电气控制设备有限公司 一种高速公路隧道视觉环境改善设备及其改善方法
JP2020159139A (ja) * 2019-03-27 2020-10-01 日鉄エンジニアリング株式会社 橋梁防炎装置および橋梁防炎装置の設置方法
CN113152322A (zh) * 2021-04-27 2021-07-23 黄世靖 用于隧道出入口适应光线变化和消除横风的设施及方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108363128B (zh) * 2018-04-17 2023-04-25 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 一种雪区隧道洞外减光装置及方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1177542A (en) 1966-03-10 1970-01-14 Francois Reboul Solar Glare-Shields
US4885879A (en) 1987-02-10 1989-12-12 Plantier Jean Louis Vault structure for protection of roadways against snow
FR2693228A1 (fr) 1992-07-03 1994-01-07 Bigazzi Andre Structrure écran à gradient de luminosité variable notamment pour tête de tunnel.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1177542A (en) 1966-03-10 1970-01-14 Francois Reboul Solar Glare-Shields
US4885879A (en) 1987-02-10 1989-12-12 Plantier Jean Louis Vault structure for protection of roadways against snow
FR2693228A1 (fr) 1992-07-03 1994-01-07 Bigazzi Andre Structrure écran à gradient de luminosité variable notamment pour tête de tunnel.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107355231A (zh) * 2017-06-29 2017-11-17 西安建筑科技大学 一种公路隧道口外延伸段的调光系统及方法
CN107355231B (zh) * 2017-06-29 2019-08-27 西安建筑科技大学 一种公路隧道口外延伸段的调光系统及方法
CN107956479A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-04-24 贵阳电气控制设备有限公司 一种高速公路隧道视觉环境改善设备及其改善方法
CN107956479B (zh) * 2017-11-21 2023-11-17 贵阳电气控制设备有限公司 一种高速公路隧道视觉环境改善设备及其改善方法
JP2020159139A (ja) * 2019-03-27 2020-10-01 日鉄エンジニアリング株式会社 橋梁防炎装置および橋梁防炎装置の設置方法
CN113152322A (zh) * 2021-04-27 2021-07-23 黄世靖 用于隧道出入口适应光线变化和消除横风的设施及方法

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ITBS20120172A1 (it) 2014-06-08

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