EP2739925B1 - Apparatus for pulverizing, dehydrating and sterilizing both liquid and solid materials - Google Patents

Apparatus for pulverizing, dehydrating and sterilizing both liquid and solid materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2739925B1
EP2739925B1 EP12759262.4A EP12759262A EP2739925B1 EP 2739925 B1 EP2739925 B1 EP 2739925B1 EP 12759262 A EP12759262 A EP 12759262A EP 2739925 B1 EP2739925 B1 EP 2739925B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
treatment vessel
materials
vortex
treatment
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12759262.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2739925A1 (en
Inventor
Gian Maria BARBOTTO
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
    • F26B17/107—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers pneumatically inducing within the drying enclosure a curved flow path, e.g. circular, spiral, helical; Cyclone or Vortex dryers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for pulverising, dehydrating and sterilising both liquid and solid materials, for example waste materials, organic materials and materials which are very hard, such as granite.
  • the working system of the apparatus according to the present invention generates implosive matter having unaltered chemico-physical and organoleptic characteristics and a granularity close to a hundredth of a millimetre.
  • the materials processed using the present apparatus are at the same time deprived of all water molecules, in addition to being completely sterilised.
  • the toroid formed in the cone-shaped treatment vessel accelerates the spin speed as it moves toward the base, until its path reverses towards the top in a spiralled manner.
  • This logic allows the toroid to dehydrate, sterilise and pulverise, by means of implosion, all the materials processed using the present apparatus.
  • Machines and devices for crumbling, crushing or reducing materials, generally solid materials, into fragments or into powder are known.
  • the function of the known machines and devices is generally based on the mechanical action of crumbling or crushing exerted on the materials to be treated by means of working tools or elements of the machine or device, these tools or elements obviously being harder than the materials to be processed.
  • document GB 745804 relates to a device for disintegrating solid materials, said device being formed substantially by a cylindrical process chamber equipped laterally with a series of tangential orifices, through which airflows are introduced into the chamber.
  • the materials to be treated are introduced from above into the chamber, where they are entrained by the aforementioned airflows, which separate the hard material parts from those which are softer and disintegrate the latter by means of friction.
  • document US 5402947 concerns an apparatus formed by a treatment chamber into which flows of air mixed with materials are introduced by means of an external blower. These flows generate a sort of vortex within the treatment chamber, the material particles swirling in said vortex and colliding with one another so as to be crumbled progressively.
  • document WO 00/24518 describes an apparatus provided with a screw which, when rotated, generates a vortex inside a chamber communicating therewith. Once introduced into the chamber, the materials to be treated are entrained by the vortex, which dehydrates them and breaks the chemical bonds. However, the document does not specify the chemico-physical properties which allow granulation of the materials. In addition, due to a sucking and entropic effect, the screw generates a vortex of air which is non-toroidal in shape and which causes implosions and explosions in said chamber.
  • Document WO 03/092898 presents an apparatus for dehydrating and disintegrating material by means of explosion, said apparatus being formed in principle by a treatment vessel having an inner cavity which is substantially conical in shape and opens at the narrowest point thereof into an outlet for the discharge of the treated materials. Two inlets are defined in the widest portion of this cavity: one for introduction of the materials to be treated, arranged in an axial position, and the other for the introduction of compressed gases, located in a tangential position.
  • US 2004/182957 presents a machine formed by an elongate vessel, inside which a fan is mounted axially for generation of a vortex able to dehydrate and pulverise materials.
  • US 3559895 describes a method and an apparatus for pulverising solid materials.
  • the apparatus comprises a cavity in which the materials are pulverised by means of frictional forces generated by a vortex of air.
  • document US 2007/292577 relates to a method for pulverising cocoa shells. This pulverisation is achieved thanks to the action of a vortex generated inside a vessel by means of flows of compressed air.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the problems and drawbacks of the known machines and devices and to provide an apparatus able to pulverise, that is to say to reduce into very tiny particles, both liquid and solid materials.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which also makes it possible to dehydrate solid materials.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus also able to sterilise the materials effectively.
  • Yet a further object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which is economical in relation to the results which can be obtained therewith, can be used reliably, functions in an environmentally friendly manner and requires reduced maintenance.
  • the apparatus of the invention has many applications, including reduction of solid and liquid waste material volumes, regeneration of perished food products, and transformation of toxic and hazardous waste materials into products which are harmless to the environment and to human health.
  • an apparatus for pulverising, dehydrating and sterilising both liquid and solid materials said apparatus being characterised in that it comprises: a treatment vessel for containing liquid and/or solid materials during use, in which an outlet is defined to allow discharge of the materials treated in the treatment vessel; introduction means for introducing liquid and/or solid materials into the treatment vessel during use; and flow generation means for generating at least one flow of fluid in the treatment vessel during use, said flow of fluid generating a pressure of at least 3 bar in said vessel, said flow generation means comprising a rotor, which is connected operatively to actuator means able to rotate said rotor and is located inside the treatment vessel, said at least one flow of fluid forming a vortex in which the fluid moves from the outside in, said vortex entraining and dragging the materials introduced into the treatment vessel during use until they implode, thus causing, at the same time, pulverisation, dehydration and sterilisation.
  • reference sign 1 denotes an apparatus for pulverising, dehydrating and sterilising both liquid and solid materials, said apparatus comprising a treatment vessel 2 able to receive the liquid or solid materials to be treated and preferably having a substantially inverted cone-shaped lower part and a substantially cylindrical upper part, although this is in no way limiting.
  • the treatment vessel 2 may be substantially spherical, cylindrical, conical or parallelepiped in shape.
  • the walls of the treatment vessel 2 preferably have a layered structure, with an outer steel layer, an inner carbon layer and an intermediate ceramics layer.
  • An outlet opening 3 for the discharge of the treated materials is formed at the lower end of the treatment vessel 2.
  • the treatment vessel 2 is connected to a feed pipe 4, which could be omitted, as shown in figure 3 , and allows the materials to be treated to be introduced into said vessel 2.
  • the vortex generated by the rotor 5 is left-handed when the apparatus 1 is operated in the northern hemisphere, and is right-handed when operated in the southern hemisphere.
  • the rotor 5 is axially connected, by means of a drive shaft 6, to a motor 7 able to rotate said rotor.
  • a series of bearings 8, preferably ball bearings or more preferably Maglev bearings, are also associated with the rotor 5 so as to reduce friction and therefore improve the efficacy of the rotation of said rotor.
  • a filter 8' for filtering the air sucked in by the rotor 5 is provided in the uppermost portion of the treatment vessel 2.
  • the rotor 5 can be formed by two or three series of blades, as shown in figures 10 and 11 and 12 respectively.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a pre-treatment device 9 comprising a pre-treatment vessel 10, which is preferably cylindrical in shape, as shown in figures 1 to 6 , or is rounded, as illustrated in figures 3 and 5 , although this is in no way limiting.
  • An inlet tube 11, for introducing air mixed with materials to be treated into the pre-treatment vessel 10, and an outlet tube 12, for expelling said air and pre-treated materials in said vessel 10, are connected to the pre-treatment vessel 10, more specifically radially or tangentially in the case of the inlet tube and axially in the case of the outlet tube.
  • the inlet tube 11 advantageously terminates with a funnel-like element 11' for promoting the suction of material into the inlet tube 11 and therefore into the pre-treatment vessel 10.
  • a plurality of disc-shaped elements 13 is provided within the pre-treatment vessel 10, said elements being fitted on a drive shaft 14 mounted coaxially with said pre-treatment vessel 10 and connected to a motor (not illustrated in the accompanying figures for reasons of simplicity) able to rotate said drive shaft.
  • the disc-shaped elements 13 are mutually parallel, coaxial with the drive shaft 14 on which they are mounted, and preferably have different dimensions, more preferably becoming smaller in the direction of the outlet tube 12.
  • Each disc-shaped element 13 comprises a pair of interconnected, mutually opposed discs 13a, 13b, between which elongate, mutually orthogonal, inner cavities 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d are formed, which open outside said disc-shaped element 13, exclusively at the lateral cylindrical surface thereof
  • Such inner cavities 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d perform the key function of increasing the intensity of the vortex forming in the pre-treatment vessel 10 during rotation of the drive shaft 14 and of the disc-shaped elements 13 formed integrally therewith.
  • an auxiliary rotor 16 able to further increase the intensity of the vortex generated within the pre-treatment vessel 10 is mounted coaxially on the drive shaft 14.
  • the outlet tube 12 joins onto an annular pipe 17 for distributing air and the materials to be treated within the treatment vessel 2.
  • the annular pipe 17 may be arranged completely within the treatment vessel 2, as shown in figure 3 , or outside said vessel, with the openings 18 communicating directly with the interior of said vessel 2 (see figures 2 and 4 ) or via connection pipes 19' (see figure 1 ).
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a condenser 20 for condensing the vapours generated by the dehydration of the treated materials.
  • the condenser 20 is connected to the treatment vessel 2 by means of a connection pipe 21 opening out into said treatment vessel 2 through the uppermost part thereof.
  • connection pipe 21 terminates, at one end, with a telescopic tube 22, of which the height within the treatment vessel 2 can be adjusted and which collects the vapours generated within said treatment vessel.
  • the drive shaft 6 for moving the rotor 5 is axially hollow so as to allow the connection pipe 21 for expelling the vapours to pass through it.
  • the condenser 20 is also in communication with a storage tank 23 for receiving the liquids produced by the condensation of the vapours in the condenser 20.
  • the condenser 20 is formed from a portion of tube 24, within which the vapours from the treatment vessel 2 are enabled to flow.
  • a smaller tube 25 having an inlet 26 for introduction of a cooling fluid, such as liquid nitrogen, and an outlet 27 for discharge of said fluid is spiralled around said tube portion 24.
  • a filter 28 for filtering the condensed vapours, removing any solid particles therefrom before they are transferred to the storage tank 23, is provided downstream of the condenser 20.
  • the apparatus 1 for pulverising, dehydrating and sterilising both liquid and solid materials further comprises an outer casing 29 formed so as to cover at least the treatment vessel 2 and the annular pipe 17, leaving the outlet opening 3 uncovered.
  • a support 30 for supporting said casing 29 and the components of the apparatus contained therein in a vertical position is connected to said outer casing 29.
  • the apparatus 1 advantageously also functions when disposed in a horizontal or diagonal position.
  • a silo, or any other storage means, for storing materials processed by the apparatus 1 may advantageously be connected to the outlet opening 3.
  • the rotor 5 For correct operation of the apparatus 1 according to the present invention, it is necessary to operate the rotor 5, rotating it at a speed of at least 6000 rpm, preferably between 6000 rpm and 15000 rpm.
  • the pre-treatment device 9, where present, must be actuated so as to rotate the disc-shaped elements 13 and possibly also the auxiliary rotor 16 at a speed of at least 5000 rpm, preferably between 5000 rpm and 12000 rpm.
  • the vortex of air generated in the pre-treatment vessel 10 entrains the materials introduced into said vessel, dragging them in rotation so as to cause partial implosion.
  • the materials processed by the pre-treatment device 9 are then transferred into the pre-treatment vessel 2 through the outlet tube 12 and the annular pipe 17, together with any other materials introduced into said treatment vessel 2 by means of the feed pipe 4.
  • the action of the rotor 5 together with the flows of air mixed with materials discharged from the annular pipe 17 determine the formation of a vortex within the treatment vessel 2.
  • the vortex generated has a flow directed from the outside in, which is left-handed when the apparatus 1 is operated in the northern hemisphere and, by contrast, is right-handed when said apparatus is operated in the southern hemisphere.
  • This vortex which, as the speed of the flows increases, tends to adopt the shape of a toroid, drags the materials present in the treatment vessel 2 into its path of motion and accelerates them increasingly until they implode, causing them to be pulverised.
  • the vortex determines the formation of hot descending spiral flows and cold ascending spiral flows, which together contribute to the implosion of the materials.
  • the airflows For correct operation of the apparatus 1, it is necessary for the airflows to generate a pressure within the treatment vessel 2 equal at least to 3 bar, preferably between 6 bar and 12 bar.
  • the implosion occurring in the treatment vessel 2 determines the pulverisation of the materials and, at the same time, dehydration and sterilisation thereof.
  • the materials obtained as a result of treatment with the apparatus according to the present invention are therefore provided in the form of particles devoid of liquids and vital elements, and preferably measure between 0.01 mm and 0.02 mm in size depending on the power produced during the implosion process.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
EP12759262.4A 2011-08-04 2012-08-01 Apparatus for pulverizing, dehydrating and sterilizing both liquid and solid materials Not-in-force EP2739925B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000423A ITRM20110423A1 (it) 2011-08-04 2011-08-04 Apparato per la polverizzazione, la disidratazione e la sterilizzazione di materiali sia liquidi che solidi
PCT/IB2012/053928 WO2013018039A1 (en) 2011-08-04 2012-08-01 Apparatus for pulverizing, dehydrating and sterilizing both liquid and solid materials

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2739925A1 EP2739925A1 (en) 2014-06-11
EP2739925B1 true EP2739925B1 (en) 2016-07-06

Family

ID=44675727

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12759262.4A Not-in-force EP2739925B1 (en) 2011-08-04 2012-08-01 Apparatus for pulverizing, dehydrating and sterilizing both liquid and solid materials

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2739925B1 (pt)
AR (1) AR087422A1 (pt)
ES (1) ES2594930T3 (pt)
IT (1) ITRM20110423A1 (pt)
PT (1) PT2739925T (pt)
WO (1) WO2013018039A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107138265B (zh) * 2017-06-30 2023-04-07 洛阳龙翼生物科技有限公司 一种中药磨粉包装装置
IT201900004321A1 (it) 2019-03-25 2020-09-25 Gianmaria Barbotto Sistema cinetico, elettronico, cimatico, pneumatico, atto alla separazione di differenti sostanze contenute nelle polveri provenienti da impianti di frantumazione

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2846151A (en) 1953-08-17 1958-08-05 Bayer Ag Selective disintegration and separation of pigments
US3559895A (en) * 1968-02-20 1971-02-02 Edwin F Fay Apparatus for and method of comminuting solid materials
US5402947A (en) 1993-07-19 1995-04-04 Petersen; Donald E. Media granulation apparatus
PE20000831A1 (es) 1998-10-28 2000-10-06 Douglas Forbes Aparato para granular un material
SE518473C2 (sv) * 2001-02-06 2002-10-15 Conrad Vineyard Förfarande och anordning för avvattning och partikelsönderslagning av ett material
AUPR635001A0 (en) * 2001-07-13 2001-08-02 Rmg Services Pty. Ltd. Final additions to vortex comminution and drying system
US8067051B2 (en) * 2006-06-19 2011-11-29 Kraft Foods R & D, Inc. Process for milling cocoa shells

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2739925A1 (en) 2014-06-11
WO2013018039A1 (en) 2013-02-07
ES2594930T3 (es) 2016-12-23
PT2739925T (pt) 2016-10-13
ITRM20110423A1 (it) 2013-02-05
AR087422A1 (es) 2014-03-19

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