EP2739919A1 - Energy-storing device and method for storing energy - Google Patents
Energy-storing device and method for storing energyInfo
- Publication number
- EP2739919A1 EP2739919A1 EP12755863.3A EP12755863A EP2739919A1 EP 2739919 A1 EP2739919 A1 EP 2739919A1 EP 12755863 A EP12755863 A EP 12755863A EP 2739919 A1 EP2739919 A1 EP 2739919A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- working gas
- energy
- temperature
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
- F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
- F02C1/10—Closed cycles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/06—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor involving features specific to the use of a compressible medium, e.g. air, steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
- F22B1/281—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically other than by electrical resistances or electrodes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
- F28D17/02—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles using rigid bodies, e.g. of porous material
Definitions
- the need to store energy results in particular from the steadily growing share of power ⁇ factory investment from the renewable energy sector.
- the goal of energy storage is to make the power plants with renewable energies so usable in the power transmission networks that renewable energy can be accessed with a time delay, so as to save fossil energy carrier ⁇ and thus CO 2 emissions.
- US 2010/0257862 A1 describes a principle of a known energy storage device in which a piston engine is used. According to US 5,436,508 it is furthermore be ⁇ recognized that excess capacity is also in the use of wind energy can be stored for producing electric current from energy storage devices for storing thermal energy.
- Such energy storage convert when charging the memory electrical energy into thermal energy and store the thermal energy. When unloading the thermal energy is converted back into electrical energy.
- thermal energy storage Due to the length of time which has an energy storage to überbrü ⁇ CKEN, so the time to turn on the power to or from the energy storage and is popped, and the Leis ⁇ processing that need to store it, thermal energy storage are the dimensions correspondingly high Requirements made. Alone due to the size of thermal energy storage can therefore be very expensive to buy. If the energy store is elaborately designed for this, or the actual heat storage medium is expensive to purchase or expensive to operate, the acquisition and operating costs cost of a thermal energy storage quickly put the economics of energy storage in question.
- the manufacturing cost of the energy stores are the accounting-and cost-effective storage material, in particular po ⁇ Roese materials, as well as sand, gravel, rock, concrete, water, saline etc. is preferred.
- the heat exchanger should be dimensioned as cost effective. Due to the often low thermal conductivity of the inexpensive storage materials, however, the heat exchanger surfaces are often designed to be very large. The large number and length of nickeltau ⁇ shear tubes can thereby greatly increase the cost of the heat exchanger, which can not be compensated even by a cost storage ⁇ material.
- heat exchangers based on inexpensive materials mainly in the form of a direct exchange of the heat carrier, such as air, and the storage mate ⁇ rials, such as sand or rock, designed to replace large heat exchangers.
- the principle known in the art fluidized bed technology has not been applied in the order that would be required for a seasonal spoke ⁇ tion of renewable energy surplus.
- a direct heat exchange also entails a relatively complicated handling of the solid, which is not economical for a large store.
- a working gas such as beispielswei ⁇ se air
- the working gas can be fed either in a closed or an open charging circuit or additional circuit.
- An open circuit used as the working gas always Conversely ⁇ ambient air. This is sucked from the environment and at the end of the process also released back into this, so that the environment ⁇ closes the open circuit.
- a closed circuit also allows the use of another working gas ⁇ than ambient air . This working gas is used in the closed circuit. Since a relaxation in the environment with simultaneous adjustment of the ambient pressure and the ambient temperature is eliminated, the working gas in the case of a closed circuit must be passed through a heat exchanger, which allows a release of heat of the working ⁇ gas to the environment. Since dehumidified air or other working gases can be used in a closed circuit, a multi-stage design of the compressor and a water separator can be dispensed with. The disadvantage here, however, the additional cost of the purchase and operation of an additional grappltau ⁇ shear after the expansion turbine, or before the compressor to heat the working gas to working temperature for the compressor. During operation, this reduces the efficiency of the energy storage device.
- the charging circuit for storing the thermal energy in the heat accumulator is designed as an open circuit, and the compressor is constructed of two stages, wherein between the stages a What ⁇ serabscheider is provided for the working gas. This takes into account the fact that humidity is contained in the ambient air. By a relaxation of the working gas in a single stage, it may happen that the humidity condenses due to the strong cooling of the working gas, for example, -100 ° C and damaged here ⁇ at the expansion turbine. In particular, turbine blades can be permanently damaged by icing.
- an energy storage device for storing thermal energy comprising a charging circuit for a working gas, a compressor, a heat accumulator and an expansion turbine, wherein the compressor outlet side with the entry of the Ex ⁇ pansionsturbine is connected via a first power for the working gas, and the heat storage is switched into the first line.
- the compressor and the expansion turbine are now arranged on a common shaft, and the heat exchanger of the heat accumulator is designed such that the expanded in the expansion turbine working gas largely ⁇ corresponds to the thermodynamic state variables of the working gas before entering the compressor.
- thermodynamic state variables are understood in particular pressure and temperature Tempe ⁇ the working gas.
- the invention is based on the consideration that the working gas in the heat exchanger of the heat accumulator releases only part of its heat, and thus the working gas is still relatively warm when it enters the expansion turbine. This avoids that the temperature of the expanded working gas can drop very low due to the expansion in the expansion turbine. The working gas is thus not completely cooled in the heat storage. In consequence, this means that the heat storage only a part of the available must absorb thermal energy, namely in particular the high temperatures.
- the invention now makes use of the fact that, although only a part of the available thermal energy is stored, the overall balance of the energy storage shifts in favor of an increased efficiency. This is explained on the one hand by the fact that it is possible to dispense with a device for heating, reheating or dewatering the expansion air, which would otherwise have a negative effect on the efficiency. By the expansion to ambient pressure and temperature, the problem of condensation of water, even when using moist intake air for the compressor is thus advantageously avoided. Thus, no damage can be caused by frozen condensate in the inventive method. Also on a capacitor can be omitted.
- the expansion turbine also reduces the energy expenditure for compaction by being located on the same shaft as the compressor and significantly aids the compressor.
- the heat storage can be cheaper by not using recovery of the lower temperatures, since the heat exchanger can be made smaller.
- a second line for the working gas is provided via the the exit of the expansion turbine is connected to the inlet of the United poet.
- a closed circuit of the working medium also allows a kos ten redesignere design, eg by the use of an inert gas with greater thermal conductivity (such as helium) or by avoiding condensation (for example, by the use of dry air). If the working gas according to the invention is not completely cooled in the bathtau ⁇ shear, it is located after the expansion in the expansion turbine in about the thermodynamic level of the working gas at the inlet of the compressor. This eliminates the need for an additional heat exchanger, which otherwise would have to warm the working gas for use in the compressor.
- Storing the stored energy can be done, for example, a steam cycle.
- Claimed is a method for storing thermal energy with a charging operation.
- a working gas is compressed from a temperature Tl and a pressure PI to a pressure P2 having a temperature T2.
- heat is transferred to a heat storage, whereby temperature and pressure of the working gas Tempe be reduced to a temperature T3 and a pressure P3.
- the working gas is T4 to a pressure P4 having a temperature, said temperature T3 and pressure P3 set so that the Tem ⁇ temperature T4 and pressure P4 after the expansion process largely to the temperature T and the pressure PI before the compressor process.
- the recirculation forms a cycle.
- An inert gas can be used in the circuit.
- the temperature-temperature T3 and the pressure P3 are preferably set by the dimensioning of the heat exchange process, thereby in particular ⁇ sondere by the size of the heat exchanger surface. Since the working gas only has to give up some of its heat energy via the heat exchanger to the heat accumulator, the size of the heat exchanger surface can be substantially fungibility ⁇ . This can be saved considerably in costs for the purchase of the heat storage.
- the expansion energy released in the expansion process is transferred to the compressor process.
- the thermal energy may be seasonal accumulating surplus ⁇ energy a power plant with renewable energy.
- FIG. 1 shows an energy storage device with a charging and a discharge circuit
- FIG. 2 A further development of the energy storage device from FIG. 1
- FIG. 4 shows a further development of the method from FIG. 3 1 shows an energy storage device 1 with a charging circuit 2 and a discharge circuit 9.
- the charging circuit 2 is part of the charging process 20.
- the charging circuit 2 comprises essentially a first line 7, a compressor 4, with a heat storage 5 and a Expansion turbine 6 connects.
- the compressor 4 and the expansion turbine are shown schematically here, and stand for all mögli ⁇ Chen concepts, such as a multi-level Aus ⁇ leadership with intermediate cooling or heating.
- the compressor 4 is arranged with the expansion turbine 6 on a common shaft 14.
- the shaft 14 is also driven by an electric motor 15.
- the heat storage 5 is also shown here only schematically.
- the heat storage essentially consists of a heat exchanger for storing thermal energy, a heat exchanger for the storage of thermal energy and the actual storage material.
- the comparable applied according to the invention includes a heat storage inexpensive SpeI ⁇ storage material such as porous materials, sand, gravel, rock, Be ⁇ ton, water or brine.
- the heat accumulator may also be multilayered to form high temperature storage areas and low temperature storage areas.
- the Endladeniklauf 9 is part of the Endladevorgangs 19.
- the Endladeniklauf 9 essentially comprises the heat ⁇ memory 5, which is connected via a steam line 18 for a second Schwarzgas 10 with a steam turbine 13, wherein the steam turbine 13 on a common second shaft 12th is connected to a generator 16.
- the steam line 18 is designed as an open circuit. In this case, steam is coupled out of the steam turbine 13 as the second working gas 10, and via an optional heat exchanger 25 and a
- the 3 shows a method for storing energy.
- the method comprises a charging process 20 and a discharge process 19. Only the charging process 20 is shown here.
- the charging process 20 comprises a compressor process 23, a heat exchanger process 21 and an expansion process 22.
- the charging process is operated here as an open circuit.
- the compressor process 23 a working gas 3, beispielswei ⁇ se ambient air, with a temperature Tl, for example, 20 ° C and a pressure PI supplied, for example, 1 bar.
- the working gas 3 is compressed.
- the compressor process 23 leaves the working gas 3 with a pressure P2 of, for example 550 ° C and a temperature T2, for example, 20 bar.
- the working gas 3 is supplied to the heat exchanger process 21, in which, according to the invention, it gives off only part of its heat, and thus it is cooled only relatively slightly.
- Were the ⁇ meleyerlui 21 leaves the working gas 3 at a pressure P3, such as 15 bar and at a relatively high temperature T3 of, for example 230 ° C.
- the pressure P3 can be advantageously adjusted by the dimensioning of the pulptau ⁇ shear process 21.
- the working gas 3 is supplied to the expansion ⁇ process 22, where it is expanded.
- the working gas is cooled to nearly ambient temperature Conversely ⁇ . 3
- the expansion process 22 leaves the working gas 3 with a temperature T4 of, for example, 20 ° C and a pressure P4, for example, 1 bar.
- the temperature Tl is approximately equal to the temperature T4 and the pressure PI is approximately equal to the pressure P4.
- FIG 4 shows a further development of the method according to the invention. Shown is the charging process 20 of FIG 3. However, one is to the working gas additionally ⁇ 3 back conductive Ver ⁇ bond between the expansion process 22 and the compressor 23 is present process. As a result, the charging circuit 2 for the working gas 3 is designed as a closed circuit.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12755863.3A EP2739919A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2012-09-05 | Energy-storing device and method for storing energy |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11183274A EP2574865A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2011-09-29 | Energy storage device and energy storage method |
PCT/EP2012/067297 WO2013045243A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2012-09-05 | Energy-storing device and method for storing energy |
EP12755863.3A EP2739919A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2012-09-05 | Energy-storing device and method for storing energy |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2739919A1 true EP2739919A1 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
Family
ID=46799248
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11183274A Withdrawn EP2574865A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2011-09-29 | Energy storage device and energy storage method |
EP12755863.3A Withdrawn EP2739919A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2012-09-05 | Energy-storing device and method for storing energy |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11183274A Withdrawn EP2574865A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2011-09-29 | Energy storage device and energy storage method |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140223910A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2574865A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103842744A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2850241A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013045243A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2594753A1 (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-05-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Thermal energy storage and recovery system comprising a storage arrangement and a charging/discharging arrangement being connected via a heat exchanger |
EP2808500A1 (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Heat pump cycle with a first thermal fluid energy machine and a second thermal fluid energy machine |
DE102013210431A1 (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2014-12-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gas turbine coupled storage system for Ansaugfluidvorwärmung |
DE102013210430B4 (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2015-07-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Energy storage device for preheating feedwater |
DE102013017010A1 (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2015-04-16 | Karl Brotzmann Consulting Gmbh | Power storage via thermal storage and air turbine |
CN105464708A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-04-06 | 江洪泽 | Cold-storage oxyhydrogen and natural gas long-term submarine navigation power system |
DE202016003851U1 (en) | 2015-11-02 | 2016-12-20 | Walter Kuntschar | Electricity - high-temperature storage for control energy |
ES2919142T3 (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2022-07-22 | Carbon Clean Tech Gmbh | Method for operating a regenerative heat storage arrangement and heat storage arrangement |
IT201900002385A1 (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2020-08-19 | Energy Dome S P A | Plant and process for the accumulation of energy |
IT202000003680A1 (en) | 2020-02-21 | 2021-08-21 | Energy Dome S P A | Plant and process for the accumulation of energy |
CN112031885B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-08-02 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Photovoltaic power generation and rock energy storage integrated system and method |
CN112459983B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Comprehensive energy supply system and method containing compressed air energy storage |
WO2023170300A1 (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | Propellane | Heat pump having two thermal-energy storage and release systems |
FR3133430A1 (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-15 | Christophe Poncelet | HEAT PUMP WITH TWO THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE AND RELEASE SYSTEMS |
CN114687823A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Heat pump electricity storage and liquid air coupling energy storage system |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3234738A (en) * | 1962-10-11 | 1966-02-15 | Wilfred L Cook | Low temperature power cycle |
US4942736A (en) * | 1988-09-19 | 1990-07-24 | Ormat Inc. | Method of and apparatus for producing power from solar energy |
DK23391D0 (en) | 1991-02-12 | 1991-02-12 | Soerensen Jens Richard | WINDOW FOR SELF-SUPPLY AND STORAGE OF ENERGY |
US5634339A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-06-03 | Ralph H. Lewis | Non-polluting, open brayton cycle automotive power unit |
JP2000179962A (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-06-30 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Air conditioner |
PL203744B1 (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2009-11-30 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | A thermodynamic apparatus |
EP1687863A4 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2010-12-08 | M Enis Ben | A method and apparatus for storing and using energy to reduce the end-user cost of energy |
US7637457B2 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2009-12-29 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Rankine-Brayton engine powered solar thermal aircraft |
JP4497015B2 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2010-07-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Thermal energy recovery device |
CN1952529A (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2007-04-25 | 周凌云 | Refrigeration apparatus and its operation method |
US7444818B1 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2008-11-04 | Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. | Batch fired heat reservoirs |
JP4803673B2 (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2011-10-26 | 株式会社前川製作所 | Air refrigerant refrigeration equipment |
ES2416727T3 (en) | 2007-10-03 | 2013-08-02 | Isentropic Limited | Energy accumulation apparatus and method to accumulate energy |
EP2241737B1 (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2015-06-03 | ABB Research Ltd. | Thermoelectric energy storage system having two thermal baths and method for storing thermoelectric energy |
US8347628B2 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2013-01-08 | Gerard Henry M | Power generation directly from compressed air for exploiting wind and solar power |
-
2011
- 2011-09-29 EP EP11183274A patent/EP2574865A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-09-05 EP EP12755863.3A patent/EP2739919A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-09-05 CA CA2850241A patent/CA2850241A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-09-05 WO PCT/EP2012/067297 patent/WO2013045243A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-09-05 US US14/346,728 patent/US20140223910A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-09-05 CN CN201280047622.9A patent/CN103842744A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2013045243A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2850241A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
CN103842744A (en) | 2014-06-04 |
WO2013045243A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
US20140223910A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
EP2574865A1 (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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