WO2018029371A1

WO2018029371A1 - Heat exchanger for use in a heating part of a liquid-air energy storage power plant, heating part, and method for operating such a heat exchanger in such a heating part

Info

Publication number: WO2018029371A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/070519
Authority: WO
Inventors: Brian Stöver; Sven HÄRTEL; Rudolf Thesing; Alexander Alekseev; Christoph Stiller
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe Gmbh; Linde Ag
Priority date: 2016-08-11
Filing date: 2017-08-11
Publication date: 2018-02-15
Also published as: DE102016114906A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger (14) for use in a heating part (6) of a liquid-air energy storage power plant based on an adiabatic liquid-air storage (A-LAES). The heating part (6) has an air compression unit (27) which comprises at least one compressor (7, 7a, 7b) and operates during an energy storage process, an air expanding unit (28) which comprises at least one expansion machine (13, 13a, 3b) and operates during an energy discharge process, and a heat storage unit (30) which provides a mass flow of a heat transfer medium (31). The aim of the invention is to allow a structurally less complicated design and a simplified operation of the heating part of a liquid-air energy storage power plant based on an adiabatic liquid-air storage (A-LAES). This is achieved in that the heat exchanger (14) has a thermal energy transmission capacity which is sufficient for providing both the cooling capacity required for cooling or intercooling an air mass flow of compressed air produced in the air compression unit (27) comprising the at least one compressor (7, 7a, 7b) during an energy storage process of the liquid-air energy storage power plant by transferring heat to a mass flow of incoming heat transfer medium (31) as well as the heating capacity required for heating an air mass flow of evaporated air flowing into the air expansion unit (28) comprising the at least one expansion machine (13, 13a, 13b) during an energy discharge process of the liquid-air energy storage power plant by transferring heat from a mass flow of incoming heat transfer medium (31).

Description

Heat exchanger for use in a hot part of a liquid-air energy storage power plant, hot part and method for operating such a heat exchanger in such a hot part

The invention is directed to a heat exchanger for use in a hot section of an adiabatic liquid storage based liquid air energy storage power plant, the hot section comprising an air compression unit comprising at least one compressor operated during an energy storage operation and at least one expansion engine operating during an energy dump operation

Air Entspannungsseinheit and a mass flow of heat transfer medium providing heat storage unit has.

Further, the invention is directed to a hot section of an adiabatic liquid air storage (A-LAES) based liquid air energy storage power plant having an air compression unit with intermediate cooling having at least one supplied compressed air compressor having a downstream in the air flow direction heat exchanger, preferably a heat exchanger of the aforementioned Art, is in air-conducting line connection, and the one Luftentspannungseinheit having at least one of a liquid air storage after evaporation supplied air relaxing expansion machine, which is in an air flow direction upstream heat exchanger, preferably a heat exchanger of the type described, in air-conducting line connection, wherein the air compression unit and the Luftentspannungseinheit with the liquid air reservoir are in air-conducting line connection and the heat bert Interrogator is in a heat transfer medium leading line connection with a at least one heat storage extensive heat storage unit.

Furthermore, the invention is directed to a method for operating such a heat exchanger in such a hot part. One method of storing surplus electricity is the so-called "Liquid Air Energy Storage" (LAES) technology, in which air, in particular ambient air, is compressed and then cooled until the initially gaseous air liquefies, ie changes into the liquid state of aggregation Then the liquefied air is stored in special cryobanks, and if the load in the power grid increases, the air stored at peak loads can be pumped to a higher pressure level and then vaporized to produce pressurized gaseous air LAES can be used as a storage technology in the range up to several gigawatt hours.The procedure resembles the storage of compressed air in salt caverns, but is independent of the geological conditions and therefore everywhere applicable.Furthermore, the time required for Pla tion, construction and approval procedures of such facilities are significantly reduced. In addition, relatively short construction and lead times are to be expected, which opens up the possibility of rapid implementation. In addition, the necessary components are well-developed unit processes that have been used in the process and power industry for centuries. To adapt them to a LAES system, only minor changes are necessary. When integrated into an existing power plant and industrial site, the required grid and gas infrastructure would already be available.

In terms of process technology, such systems consist essentially of three units: a low-temperature part with air liquefier, a liquid evaporator and a cryopump, a storage system comprising a liquid-air storage, a cold storage and optionally a heat storage and a hot part, a so-called "power island", which has a (waste heat) Air heaters and expansion machines for power production from compressed air includes.

The variant of liquid air storage (LAES) considered here is what is known as adiabatic liquid air storage (A-LAES). This includes adiabatic state changes, ie thermodynamic processes in which a system is transferred from one state to another state without heat being exchanged beyond the system boundaries with the environment of the system. In other words, the heat of compression accumulating during the injection process becomes stored in a heat storage and used in the Ausspeicherprozess again for heating the high-tension compressed air (after evaporator), which is then used for the operation of the expansion machines for electricity production.

As described above, in the A-LAES process, the air-compression waste heat is at the injection phase

The air compression takes place in several stages: Between the different compression stages, the air is cooled down to the respective pressure level for heating the heat accumulator by circulating a heat transfer medium in an intermediate circuit between the heat accumulator and the heat exchanger For example, air, water or thermo-oil For this purpose, usually the heat transfer medium is cooled by means of a first heat exchanger.

During the ejection phase ("energy dump process"), after the evaporation, cold gaseous compressed air is warmed by the heat stored during the injection phase in a second heat exchanger, expanding in the same way as the compression in several stages and at different pressure levels between the different expansion stages The heat is transferred from the heat accumulator to the compressed air as in the injection phase with a heat transfer medium in an intermediate circuit.

A device for storing and recovering energy by means of an A-LAES process is known from DE 10 2014 105 237 B3.

It has proven to be disadvantageous that in the known injection and withdrawal of air, both for the heat storage, a first heat exchanger and for the removal of air, a second heat exchanger is necessary.

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a solution that has a structurally less expensive design and a simplified operation of the Hot part of a adiabatic liquid air storage (A-LAES) based liquid-air energy storage power plant allows.

In a heat exchanger of the type described in more detail, this object is achieved in that the heat exchanger has a heat energy transfer capacity that is sufficient both during an energy storage operation of the liquid air energy storage power plant for cooling or intermediate cooling in the at least one compressor comprising air compression unit resulting air mass flow to compacted To provide air cooling capacity required by heat transfer to a mass flow of inflowing heat transfer medium as well as during an energy storage operation of the

Liquid air energy storage power plant for heating one of the at least one expansion machine comprising air expansion unit incoming air mass flow of evaporated air required heat capacity to provide by heat transfer from a mass flow of heat transfer medium.

In a hot part of the type described in more detail, this object is achieved in that the acted upon by both the air compression unit and the Luftentspannungseinheit heat exchanger has a heat energy transfer capacity sufficient that both during a Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs in the air compression in the at least one compressor resulting and from a heat exchanger inflowing air mass flow of compressed air auskoppelnde heat energy in the heat exchanger from the air flowing from the compressor through the air ducting air mass flow compressed air decoupled and in a heat exchanger through the heat transfer medium leading line connection incoming mass flow of heat transfer medium can be coupled as well as during an energy recovery operation for heating an air mass stream flowing to the at least one expansion engine oms required for evaporated air and in a heat exchanger to the air flowing through the line leading air mass flow of evaporated air to be coupled heat energy in the heat exchanger from a heat exchanger through the the Wärmeträgermediunn leading line connection incoming mass flow to the heat transfer medium can be decoupled and in the at least one expansion machine incoming air mass flow of evaporated air can be coupled.

In a method of the type described in more detail, this object is achieved in that coupled in the heat exchanger both during a Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs in the air compression in the at least one compressor resulting heat energy from an air mass flow of compressed air and coupled into an inflowing mass flow of heat transfer medium as well as the heat energy required for heating an air mass flow of evaporated air flowing in during an energy feed-off process in the heat exchanger is decoupled from an inflowing mass flow of heat transfer medium and coupled into an inflowing air mass flow of evaporated air.

With the aid of the proposed solution it becomes possible to use the hot part of an adiabatic liquid-air storage system

Liquid air energy storage power plant with significantly fewer heat exchangers than form the prior art.

As a result, the investment costs of an A-LAES system can be significantly reduced. The reduced investment costs make a significant contribution to the commercialization of LAES technology.

Advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention are the subject of the dependent subclaims.

In an advantageous embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a first, the heat exchanger from a first conduit connection to a second conduit connection passing fluiddurchströmbare heat energy transfer surface and a second, the heat exchanger from a third conduit connection to a fourth Conduit has a passing fluid-flowable heat energy transfer surface.

In an embodiment of the heat exchanger, it is also expedient if it passes through the heat exchanger from a fifth line connection to a sixth line connection fluid-throughflow

Additional heat energy transfer surface, which the invention further provides.

An advantageous development of the hot part according to the invention is that the thermal energy transfer capacity of the heat exchanger is sufficient that in the heat exchanger both the compressed during the Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs in the air compression with intermediate cooling of the air mass flow compressed air in the air compression unit auskoppelbar and can be coupled into the mass flow of heat transfer medium as well as the total during the Energieausspeicherungsvorgangs for the air to the Luftentungsseinheit inflowing air mass flow evaporated air in the Luftentspannungseinheit total required heat energy from the mass flow of heat transfer medium auskoppelbar and in the inflowing air mass flow of evaporated air can be coupled.

In an advantageous embodiment, the invention further provides that the air compression unit with intermediate cooling at least one compressor stage comprising a plurality of compressors, and the Luftentspannungseinheit at least one expansion stage comprising a plurality of expansion machines, wherein the common heat exchanger via the fluid-carrying line to a respective compressor stage and an expansion stage is connected, by means of the heat exchanger both the total thermal energy to be dissipated in the air compression with intermediate cooling in the respective compressor stage from the air mass flow of compressed air and coupled into the mass flow of heat transfer medium as well as for the incoming air to the respective Luftentspannungseinheit air mass flow total required heat energy from the mass flow of heat transfer medium can be coupled out and in the air mass flow of evaporated air can be coupled. Furthermore, an advantageous development of the hot part according to the invention is that exactly one heat exchanger via the fluid-conducting line connection to the air compression unit with intermediate cooling and the Luftentspannungseinheit is connected, by means of which both the air compression with intermediate cooling in the air compression unit and / or in the at least one compressor and / or in the one or more compressor stage (s) resulting and total heat energy to be dissipated from the air mass flow of compressed air coupled out and coupled into the mass flow of heat transfer medium as well as for the heating of the air expansion unit and / or the at least one expansion machine and / or the air mass flow of vaporized air flowing in or out of the respective expansion stages can be decoupled from the heat transfer medium and can be coupled into the air mass flow of vaporized air ar is.

In an embodiment of the hot part, it is also expedient that the heat exchanger downstream of the respective air flow direction of the air compression unit and / or each compressor stage and / or each compressor and the Luftentspannungseinheit and / or each expansion stage and / or each expansion machine is connected upstream.

Furthermore, an advantageous development of the hot part according to the invention is that the heat exchanger is in air-conducting line connection with the air compression unit and the Luftentspannungseinheit that the air flow direction of the air mass flow flowing through it during the Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs is opposite to that of the Energieeaeausspeicherungsvorgangs.

In a further development of the hot part according to the invention, the invention further provides that the heat exchanger has a first heat energy transmission surface and a second heat energy transmission surface, via the air-conducting line connection in each case with the air compression unit, in particular a first compressor and a second compressor, and the air expansion unit, in particular a first expansion machine and a second expansion machine, are connected in series.

An advantageous further development of the hot part according to the invention is that the heat exchanger has an additional heat energy transfer capacity in the form of a heat energy transfer capacity exceeding the thermal energy transfer capacity required for an energy storage operation or an energy recovery storage operation

Additional heat energy transfer surface provides.

In a further development, the invention further provides that the additional heat energy transfer surface is in air-conducting line connection with an adsorber by means of an adsorber regeneration line.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that in the heat exchanger both the compressed during the Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs in the air compression with intermediate cooling of the air mass flow compressed air in the air compression unit total heat energy dissipated and coupled into the mass flow of heat transfer medium as well as during the Energieeaeausspeicherungsvorgangs for the total amount of heat energy required in the air expansion unit for heating the air mass flow flowing to the air expansion unit, is decoupled from the mass flow to the heat transfer medium and injected into the inflowing air mass flow of vaporized air.

Furthermore, the invention provides in an embodiment of the method in an advantageous manner that the air compression unit with intermediate cooling at least one compressor stage comprising a plurality of compressors, and the Luftentspannungseinheit at least one expansion stage comprising a plurality of expansion machines, wherein the common heat exchanger to one, preferably all , Compressor (s) and one, preferably all, expansion stage (s) is connected and by means of the common heat exchanger both in the air compression with intermediate cooling in the respective or all compressor stage (s) total derived thermal energy from the air mass flow of compressed air decoupled and coupled into the mass flow of Wärmeträgermediunn is coupled as well as for the heating of the respective or all expansion stage (n) incoming air mass flow of evaporated air total required heat energy from the mass flow of heat transfer medium and coupled into the air mass flow of evaporated air.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method, the invention further provides that by means of exactly one, to the air compression unit with intermediate cooling and the Luftentspannungseinheit connected heat exchanger both in the air compression with intermediate cooling in the at least one compressor and / or in the respective compressor stage (n ) and total dissipated heat energy from the air mass flow of compressed air is coupled and coupled into the mass flow of heat transfer medium as well as for the heating of the at least one expansion machine and / or the respective expansion stages incoming air mass flow total required heat energy coupled out of the heat transfer medium and evaporated air is injected into the air mass flow.

It can also be advantageous if the heat exchanger is in air-conducting line connection with the air compression unit and the air expansion unit in such a way that it flows through an air mass flow during the energy storage operation opposite to the flow direction during the energy storage operation, which the invention further provides.

Finally, in an embodiment of the method, the invention is characterized in that the heat exchanger requires an over the energy in an energy storage process or energy storage operation

Heat energy transfer capacity beyond additional

Heat energy transfer capacity in the form of a

Provides additional heat energy transfer surface, which is in an air-conducting line connection with an adsorber via an adsorber regeneration line and by means of which during the energy storage operation in the heat exchanger from the inflowing mass flow of heat transfer medium heat energy decoupled and in a the absorber via the adsorber regeneration line incoming air mass flow evaporated air is coupled.

The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to a drawing. This shows in

Fig. 1 in a schematic schematic representation of the structure of a on an A-LAES

2 is a schematic representation of the hot part of a

Liquid-air energy storage power plant according to Figure 1,

Fig. 3 in a schematic representation of the hot part of Fig. 2 of the

Liquid-air energy storage power plant according to Figure 1 during a

Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs,

Fig. 4 in a schematic representation of that shown in FIGS. 2 and 3

Heat exchanger during a Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs, Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a plan view of the shown in Fig. 4

heat exchanger,

Fig. 6 in a schematic representation of the hot part of Fig. 2 of the

Liquid-air energy storage power plant according to Figure 1 during a

Energieausspeicherungsvorgangs,

Fig. 7 in a schematic representation of that shown in FIGS. 2 and 6

Heat exchanger during an energy storage operation and in

Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of a plan view of the illustrated in Fig. 7

Heat exchanger.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a device for storing and recovering energy in the form of a total of 1 designated and on an A-LAES process, ie, an adiabatic liquid air storage based liquid air energy storage power plant. This comprises a load 2, a storage part 3, a discharge 4 and a heat exchanger 14. The core of the liquid-air energy storage power plant 1 is a low-temperature part comprising an air liquefier 8, a liquid-air evaporator 12 and a cold storage 10, the storage part 3 containing a liquid-air storage 9 Cold storage 10 and a heat storage unit 30, and also referred to as a power island hot section 6, the at least one driven by power 5 compressors 7, 7a, 7b comprehensive air compression unit 27, at least one expansion machine 13, 13a, 13b for generating electric power 5 means a connected generator G comprehensive Luftentspannungseinheit 28 and the heat storage unit 30 has. In the storage part 3, during a power-storing operation or during a storage phase, liquid air in the liquid-air storage 9 and heat in the heat storage unit 30 and during a draining operation or draining-off period are stored in the cold storage 10 and heat is taken out of the heat storage unit 30. Here, during the energy storage operation, a hot air flow 6 incoming air mass flow L is first compressed in the at least one compressor 7, 7a, 7b having air compression unit 27 compressed air to a mass air flow then in the heat exchanger 14 by means of an incoming and flowing into the heat storage unit 30 mass flow Heat transfer medium 31 is cooled, then liquefied in the air liquefier 8 by means of a flowing from the cold storage 10 mass flow of refrigerant 38 and then stored in the liquid air reservoir 9. During the energy storage operation, liquid air stored in the liquid-air accumulator 9 is first supplied as air mass flow to a liquid-air evaporator 12 where the air mass flow evaporates and the resulting cold is decoupled into a mass flow of refrigerant 38 flowing to the cold accumulator 10. The air mass flow of vaporized air is then supplied to the heat exchanger 14, where the air mass flow of vaporized air is heated by means of a flowing from the heat storage unit 30 and in this again outflowing mass flow of heat transfer medium 31. The heated air mass flow of evaporated air is then supplied to the air expansion unit 28, where the air mass flow drives at least one expansion machine 13, 13a, 13b connected to the generator G for power generation and then leaves the hot part 6 as air mass flow L.

The heat exchanger 14 has a heat energy transfer capacity that is sufficient, both during the energy storage operation for cooling or intercooling of the in the at least one compressor 7, 7a, 7b comprehensive air compression unit 27 resulting air mass flow of compressed air required cooling capacity by heat transfer to the mass flow of inflowing heat transfer medium 31 as well as during the Energieeeausspeicherungsvorgangs to heat the at least one expansion machine 13, 13a, 13b comprehensive air expansion unit 28 from the heat exchanger 14 incoming air mass flow to evaporate To provide air required heat capacity by heat transfer from a mass flow flowing heat transfer medium 31.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the hot part 6 (power island) of the adiabatic liquid-air storage system (A-LAES)

Liquid-air energy storage power plant 1. The hot part 6 comprises the heat exchanger 14, the Luftentspannungseinheit 28, the at least one of the liquid air storage 9 after its evaporation in the liquid evaporator 12 supplied air mass flow relaxing expander 13 for power production, the air compression unit 27 with intermediate cooling, the at least one air supplied to a Air mass flow to compressed air compressing compressor 7, and the at least one heat storage 1 1 having heat storage unit 30, wherein the hot part 6 of the liquid air reservoir 9 with its in the energy storage process, the air mass flow of liquefied air from the hot section 6 receiving line connections and with its energy storage process the air mass flow to liquefied Air is assigned to the hot part donating line connection. The air compression unit 27 and the Luftentspannungseinheit 28 are so far with the liquid air reservoir 9 in air-conducting line connection. The at least one expansion engine 13 includes a high-pressure expansion engine 13a and a low-pressure expansion engine 13b, which are connected to the generator G for power generation. The at least one compressor 7 comprises a low-pressure compressor 7a and a high-pressure compressor 7b, which are driven by a motor which is operable with electric power from the power grid or other source. The high-pressure expansion engine 13a and the low-pressure expansion engine 13b each form an expansion stage, and the low-pressure compressor 7a and the high-pressure compressor 7b each form one Compressor stage off. The heat storage 1 1 of the heat storage unit 30 are connected via a Wärmeträgermediunn 31 leading line connection 15, in particular in the form of an intermediate circuit with the heat exchanger 14, so during a Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs via the line connection 15 by means of the heat transfer medium 31 heat from the heat exchanger 14 can be coupled out and in the Heat storage 1 1 of the heat storage unit 30 can be stored einspeicherbar and during a separate from Energieeinspeicherungsvorgang energy storage operation by means of the heat transfer medium 31 heat from the heat storage 1 1 of the heat storage unit 30 and auskoppelbar in the heat exchanger 14. In the line connection 15, a fan 25 is arranged. Air is preferably used as the heat transfer medium 31, which is supplied to the heat accumulators 1 1 of the heat storage unit 30 by the blower 25 during the Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs via the line connection 15 and is discharged during the energy storage operation from the heat storage 1 1. But it can also be used other heat transfer media 31, such as water or thermal oil. The heat storage 1 1 of the heat storage unit 30 are formed as a solid storage (Solid Bed Heat Storage SBHS).

The heat exchanger 14 is due to its heat energy transfer capacity thermodynamically both for the heat storage in the heat storage 30, ie for the air cooling of the energy storage process in the air compression unit 27 compressed and then passed through the heat exchanger 14 air mass flow, as well as for heat storage from the heat storage 30, ie for the air heating of the air mass flow of vaporized air conducted during the energy reuse storage operation before reaching the air expansion unit 28 through the heat transfer medium 14.

In the heat exchanger 14, therefore, both the resulting during a Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs in the air compression in the at least one compressor 7, 7a, 7b heat energy from an air mass flow of compressed air and coupled into an inflowing mass flow of heat transfer medium 31 as well as during a Energieausspeisungsvorgangs for heating a the at least one Expansionsmaschine 13, 13a, 13b incoming air mass flow of evaporated air required heat energy in the heat exchanger 14 from an incoming mass flow of heat transfer medium 31 coupled and coupled into an incoming air mass flow evaporated air.

Thus, the at least one compressor 7, 7a, 7b and the at least one expansion machine 13, 13a, 13b exactly associated with a heat exchanger 14, the heat transfer capacity is designed such that this sufficient, both in the air compression in the at least one compressor 7 resulting heat energy to decouple and remove air flowing in from there, and to supply the heat energy required for the heating of the vaporized air in the air expansion and to couple it into the vaporized air supplied to it and then to the at least one expansion machine 13, 13a, 13b.

In this case, the heat exchanger 14 is line-connected via the heat carrier medium-carrying line connection 15 and air-conducting line connections 21, 22 to the heat storage unit 31, the air compression unit 27 and the air release unit 28, that it is heated both by the heat transfer medium 31 and the respective air mass flow during a respective Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs and a respective energy storage operation is flowed through in the opposite direction, wherein the heat exchanger 14 is formed with respect to the respective air mass flow and the mass flow of heat transfer medium 31 as a countercurrent heat exchanger. This is procedurally possible because an energy storage process and an energy storage operation are not performed simultaneously, but temporally separated from each other. The heat exchanger 14 is connected downstream of the respective air flow direction in the energy storage process and the energy storage operation of the air compression unit 27 and / or each of the compressor stages and / or each of the compressors 7, 7a, 7b and the Luftentspannungsseinheit 28 and / or each expansion stage and / or each of the Expansion machines 13, 13a, 13b upstream. The heat exchanger 14 has a first fluid-throughflow heat energy transfer surface 16, which traverses the heat exchanger 14 from a first line connection 32 to a second line connection 33, a second fluid-flow heat transfer surface 17, which traverses the heat exchanger 14 from a third line connection 34 to a fourth line connection 35, and a fluid flow through additional heat energy transfer surface 26, which traverses the heat exchanger 14 from a fifth line connection 36 to a sixth line connection 37, on. Since there are different process parameters, such as pressure and / or temperature, in the energy storage process and in the energy storage process as a whole, but also in individual stages of the air compression unit 27 and the air expansion unit 28, respectively, a different thermal energy transmission capacity is required in the implementation of the two processes. The dimensioning of the first heat energy transfer surface 16 and the second

Heat energy transfer surface 17 therefore takes place such that the heat energy transfer capacity thus made available in total is sufficient, which is the maximum required for a planned energy storage operation and a planned energy storage operation

To provide heat energy transfer capacity. Here, the first heat energy transfer surface 16 and the second

Heat energy transfer surface 17 preferably sized the same size, but can also be sized differently. In a multi-stage air compression unit 27 and a multi-stage Luftentspannungseinheit 28 in the embodiment of the invention, the first of a mass flow of air fluid durchstrombare heat energy transfer surface 16 and the second of an air mass flow fluid durchstrombare heat energy transfer surface 17 with respect to their respective heat energy transfer capacity of different sizes, so parallel to the smaller dimensioned in the embodiment Heat energy transfer surface, in the execution example, the first heat energy transfer surface 16, which can also be formed by an air mass flow fluid durchstrombare additional heat energy transfer surface 26 in the heat exchanger 14. This is then the Total heat energy transfer capacity of the first fluid-flowable heat energy transfer surface 16 and fluid-flowable

Additional heat energy transfer surface 26 equal to the heat energy transfer capacity provided by the second fluid heat transfer surface 17, which in turn corresponding to the largest of the heat exchanger 14 in one of the stages of the plurality of compressor stages 7a, 7a and a plurality of expansion stages 13a, 13b comprising hot section 6 during a Energieeinspeicherungs- and a Energieeaeausspeicherungsvorgang is to be provided heat energy transfer capacity dimensioned. The additional, provided by the additional heat energy transfer surface 26

Heat transfer capacity makes it possible to supply a heated air partial mass flow of vaporized air branched off during the energy transfer storage operation after the flow through the second heat energy transfer surface 17 to an adsorber 19 as regeneration air, to effect expulsion of CO 2 and water there by means of the heated air mass mass flow and then to pass this partial air mass flow parallel to the second heat energy transfer surface 17 the fluid durchströmbare additional heat energy transfer surface 26 to lead and prior to introduction into an expansion stage 13a of the Luftentspannungseinheit 28 again with the rest of the second heat energy transfer surface 17 having flowed mass air flow vaporized air to unite. The Luftteilmassenstrom evaporated air and the heat energy transfer capacity of additional heat energy transfer surface 26 are coordinated so that is brought to heat transfer in the heat exchanger 14 during a Energieeaeausspeicherungsvorgangs the Luftteilmassenstrom vaporized air by heat energy transfer from the heat exchanger 14 through the heat carrier medium line connection 15 zufließendem heat transfer medium 31 to the same temperature can be as the second heat energy transfer surface 17 by flowing air mass flow of evaporated air.

The heat exchanger 14 is with its first fluid-throughflowable heat energy transfer surface 16 at the first line connection 32 via the first air-carrying line connection 21 in a mass air flow leading line connection with the low-pressure compressor 7a of the air compression unit 27 and the low-pressure expansion engine 13b of the air expansion unit 28. Furthermore, the heat exchanger 14 is with its first heat energy transfer surface 16 at the second line connection 33 via the second air-conducting line connection 22 in a mass air flow leading cable link with the High-pressure compressor 7b of the air compression unit 27 and the high-pressure compression machine 13a of the air expansion unit 28 via a third air-conducting line connection 23 with its second fluid-through heat transfer surface 17 at the third line connection 34 in a mass air flow leading line connection with the

Further, the heat exchanger 14 is with its second heat energy transfer surface 17 at the fourth line connection 35 via an air-conducting air main line 24 and via air liquefier 8 or liquid air evaporator 12 in a mass air flow leading line connection with the liquid air reservoir 9. About This line connection is supplied to the liquid air reservoir 9 during an energy storage operation, an air mass flow of compressed and liquefied air and is supplied to the heat exchanger 14, an air mass flow of evaporated air during an energy storage operation from the liquid air reservoir 9.

The heat exchanger 14 is designed such that it is both the prevailing during the storage of liquid air in the liquid storage tank 9 during the Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs in the heat exchanger 14 relatively low pressure, which for example between 10 and 90 bar, in particular 26.5 bar, and the during an energy storage operation in the discharge of liquid air from the liquid air reservoir 9 in the heat exchanger 14 prevailing higher pressure, which, for example, between 60 and 1 10 bar, in particular 89.5 bar, withstands, so that it can be flowed through for these pressures having mass air flow. The heat transfer medium 14 is further designed such that its heat energy transfer surface is tuned to that phase of the two phases or cycles of energy storage operation and energy storage operation, in which the larger heating or Cooling surface is needed. The heat transfer capacity of the heat exchanger 14 is further designed such that both during a Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs in the air compression with intermediate cooling total heat energy auskoppelbar and in the mass flow of the heat exchanger 14 incoming and flowing through the heat transfer medium 31 can be coupled as well as the energy during an energy storage operation for the for heating the total air mass flow to be supplied to the air expansion unit 28 required heat energy from the heat transfer medium 14 incoming and flowing through these heat transfer medium 31 can be coupled and coupled into this air mass flow.

The hot part 6 has an adsorber regeneration line 20 which connects the adsorber 19 on the output side in the regeneration case with a bypass line 18, which is formed between the sixth line connection 37 and the fifth line connection 36 as the heat transfer medium 14 passing through fluid heatable additional heat transfer area 26, and which the adsorber 19 on the other hand in the regeneration case on the input side connects to the second air-conducting line connection 23. The bypass line 18 leads the diverted partial air mass flow parallel to the air mass flow flowing through the second heat energy transfer surface 17 through the heat exchanger 14.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the hot part 6 of the liquid-air energy storage power plant 1 during a

Energy storage operation, in which a compressed and liquefied air mass flow in the liquid air reservoir 9 (on) is stored and the compressed from the air mass flow of compressed air in a mass flow of the heat transfer medium 31 coupled heat energy in a heat storage 1 1 of the heat storage unit 30 (on). In this case, the arrows on the lines illustrate the direction of flow of the respective medium in the respective line, and the lines or line sections which are not flowed through or act upon are shown in dashed lines. During a Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs the heat exchanger 14 in a respective first direction in the fluid-throughflowable first and second heat energy transfer surfaces 16, 17 and the

Additional heat energy transfer surface 26 from an air mass flow of compressed air, in the illustration of FIG. 3 from bottom to top, and outside the fluid-flowable first and second heat energy transfer surfaces 16, 17 and the additional heat energy transfer surface 26 of a mass flow of heat transfer medium 31, in the illustration of FIG from top to bottom, flows through. In this case, ambient air is the at least one compressor 7, in the embodiment initially the low-pressure compressor 7 a, respectively. This is driven by an electric motor 29, which removes electrical power 5 from the mains. This is preferably done during off-peak hours or at times of low or negative electricity prices. The ambient air fed to the low-pressure compressor 7a is compressed there to form an air mass flow of compressed air and compressed as air mass flow of compressed air through the first air-conducting line connection 21 of the first fluid throughflow

Heat energy transfer surface 16 of the heat exchanger 14 is supplied to the first line connection 32. When flowing through the first heat energy transfer surface 16, heat energy is coupled out of the air mass flow of compressed air to the heat transfer medium 14 flowing from a seventh conduction connection 39 to the heat transfer medium leading conduction connection 15 to the cool heat transfer medium 31. This decoupled heat energy is dissipated with the mass flow of then warm heat transfer medium 31 at an eighth line connection 40 with the heat transfer medium leading line connection 15 from the heat exchanger 14 and a heat storage 1 1 of the heat storage unit 30, where the heat energy is decoupled into the heat storage 1 1. The then again cool heat transfer medium 31 is then fed through the heat carrier medium leading line connection 15 in turn the seventh line connection 39, wherein a pump or a fan 25 for the circulation of the mass flow of heat transfer medium 31 provides.

The air mass flow of compressed air occurs after flowing through the first heat energy transfer surface 16 at the second line connection 33 in the thereto connected second air-conducting line connection 22 and this is fed through the high-pressure compressor 7b. The likewise current-driven high-pressure compressor 7b compresses the supplied air mass flow to an air mass flow of further compressed air and leads it through the third air-conducting line connection 23 to the third line connection 34 of the second heat energy transfer surface 17 of the heat transfer device 14 through which fluid can flow. In the direction of air flow in front of the third conduit connection 34, an air mass mass flow branches off from the third air-conducting conduit connection 23 at a branch 41 into the bypass conduit 18 and flows through the additional heat energy transfer surface 26 before being cooled again at an opening 42 in the main conduit 24 to the air mass flow of compressed air.

When flowing through the second heat energy transfer surface 17, heat energy is in turn coupled out of the air mass flow of compressed air to the heat transfer medium 31 flowing to the heat exchanger 14 from the seventh conduit connection 39 with the heat carrier medium-carrying line connection 15. This decoupled heat energy is dissipated with the mass flow from then warm heat transfer medium 31 again at the eighth line connection 40 with the heat carrier medium leading line connection 15 from the heat exchanger 14 and a heat storage 1 1 of the heat storage unit 30, where the heat energy is decoupled into the heat storage 1 1. The then again cool heat transfer medium 31 is then fed through the heat carrier medium-carrying line connection 15 again the seventh line connection 39, wherein the pump or the fan 25 continues to provide for the circulation of the mass flow of heat transfer medium 31.

The bypass line 18 leads the branched air mass flow parallel to the second heat energy transfer surface 17 by flowing air mass flow through the heat exchanger 14, along the - as shown in FIG. 5 can be seen - the first heat energy transfer surface 16 assigned

Additional heat energy transfer surface 26 of the air mass fraction of further compressed air by coupling heat energy to the heat exchanger 14 flowing through the heat transfer medium 31 is cooled to the same temperature as the second heat energy transfer surface 17 by flowing air mass flow to further compressed air.

The cooled after flowing through the second heat energy transfer surface 17 air mass flow of further compressed air occurs after flowing through the second heat energy transfer surface 17 at the fourth line connection 35 in the main line connected thereto 24 and by means of this, after having flowed through the additional heat energy transfer surface 26 at the junction 42 of the bypass line 18 Part of the air flow is supplied to the air liquefier 8 and then the liquid air reservoir 9.

In the exemplary embodiment, the air compression unit 27 with intermediate cooling several compressor stages, namely two, and the Luftentspannungseinheit 28 a plurality of expansion stages, namely two, wherein both the air compression unit 27 and the Luftentspannungseinheit 28 each exactly a heat exchanger 14 and each compressor stage - and thus each of the two compressors 7a, 7b - and each expansion stage - and thus each of the two expansion engines 13a, 13b - each one of the two heat energy transmission surfaces 16, 17 of the common heat exchanger 14 by forming an air-conducting line connection by means of the first to third air-conducting line connections 21, 22, 23 assigned is. With the heat exchanger 14 so that both in the hot section 6 in the air compression with intermediate cooling in the respective compressor stage total derived from a respective air mass flow of compressed air heat energy from the air mass flow or the air mass flow compressed air can be coupled and coupled into the heat transfer medium 31 as well as in the hot part 6 for the air mass flow or air mass flow of evaporated air to be supplied to the respective Luftentspannungseinheit 28 total heat energy required from the heat exchanger flowing mass flow of heat transfer medium 31 auskoppelbar and in the respective air mass flow of vaporized air einkoppelbar. FIGS. 4 and 5 schematically illustrate the state of the heat exchanger 14 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 during a power-up operation. FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the heat exchanger 14 shown in FIG. 4. This shows the structure of the heat exchanger 14 from the intertwined line curves of the first and second heat energy transmission surfaces 16, 17 and the additional heat transfer surface 26. On the left side of Fig. 5, the connection of the second heat energy transfer surface 17 to the main line 24 can be seen and on the opposite right side of the connection of the first heat energy transfer surfaces 16 to the second air-conducting line connection 22 and the transition of the bypass line 18 in the additional heat energy transfer surface 26 can be seen , It can be seen that the first heat energy transfer surface 16 is dimensioned smaller than the second heat energy transfer surfaces 17, wherein the additional heat energy transfer capacity 26 is formed in the space remaining due to the smaller dimensioning of the first heat energy transfer surface 16 (top in Fig. 5).

FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of the hot part 6 (power island) during an energy transfer operation or cycle or a withdrawal phase in which an air mass flow is stored out of air stored in the liquid air reservoir 9 and after flowing through the liquid air evaporator 12 Air mass flow evaporated air is supplied to the heat exchanger 14 and there is heated by coupling of a heat exchanger 14 flowing through the mass flow of the heat transfer medium 31 heat energy coupled out. In this case, the arrows on the lines in turn illustrate the direction of flow of the respective medium in the respective line, and the lines or line sections which are not flowed through or act upon are shown in dashed lines.

During an energy storage operation, the heat exchanger 14 is flowed through by the media air and heat transfer medium 31 opposite to the first direction of the flow during the energy storage operation in a second direction. In this case, cold vaporized air taken from the liquid-air reservoir 9 is stored in the heat exchanger 14 by thermal energy stored in the heat-storage unit 30 during the injection process heated. Here, the heat exchanger 14 in a respective first direction, in the representation of FIG. 6 from top to bottom, in the fluid-throughflow first and second heat energy transfer surfaces 16, 17 and the additional heat energy transfer surface 26 of an air mass flow of vaporized air and outside the first and second fluid-throughflow Heat energy transfer surfaces 16, 17 and the

Additional heat energy transfer surface 26 of a mass flow of heat transfer medium 31, which flows in the illustration of FIG. 6 from bottom to top through the heat exchanger 14, flows through. An air mass flow of evaporated air flowing in through the main line 24 is introduced into the second heat energy transfer surface 17 at the fourth line connection 35. As it flows through the second heat energy transfer surface 17 heat energy is injected from the heat exchanger 14 of the eighth line connection 40 with the heat carrier medium-carrying line connection 15 flowing mass flow of warm heat transfer medium 31 in the air mass flow. The mass flow from then cooled heat transfer medium 31 is discharged at the seventh line connection 39 with the heat carrier medium-carrying line connection 15 from the heat exchanger 14 and a heat storage 1 1 of the heat storage unit 30, where the heat transfer medium is heated with decoupled from the heat storage heat energy. The then again warm heat transfer medium 31 is then fed through the heat carrier medium leading line connection 15 in turn the eighth line connection 40, the pump or fan 25 provides for the circulation of the mass flow of heat transfer medium 31.

The air mass flow of evaporated and now heated air exits after passing through the second heat energy transfer surface 17 at the third line connection 34 in the third air-conducting line connection 23 connected thereto and is supplied through the high-pressure expansion machine 13a. The high-pressure expansion machine 13a equipped with the generator G relaxes the supplied air mass flow of evaporated and heated air while generating power by means of the generator G and guides it through the second air-conducting line connection 22 at the second line connection 33 of the fluid-throughflowable first heat energy transfer surface 16 of the heat exchanger 14 to.

In the direction of air flow in front of the high-pressure expansion engine 13a and the branch 41, the adsorber regeneration line 20 branches off from the third air-conducting line connection 23 at a second branch 43 into which an air mass mass flow is vaporized and branched off after flowing through the second heat energy transfer surface 17 and fed to the adsorber 19. During a respective energy storage operation, this air partial mass flow of heated vaporized air flows through the adsorber 19 for regeneration thereof. On the output side of the adsorber 19, the adsorber regeneration line 20 connects the adsorber 19 at a second junction 44 to the bypass line 18, which is formed between the sixth line connection 37 and the fifth line connection 36 as the additional fluid heat transfer surface 26 passing through the heat exchanger 14. The bypass line 18 leads the branched air mass flow of evaporated air parallel to the second heat energy transfer surface 17 by flowing air mass flow through the heat exchanger 14 and takes him at the junction 41 again in the third air-conducting line connection 23, after the second branch 43 in the third air-carrying line 23rd remaining air partial mass flow, so that the total air mass flow then flows through the third air-conducting line connection 23 of the high-pressure expansion engine 13a.

After flowing through the high-pressure expansion machine 13a, the air mass flow of vaporized air supplied through the second air-carrying line 22 to the first fluid-throughflowable heat energy transfer surface 16 flows through the first fluid-through heat transfer surface 16 of the heat exchanger 14. As the first heat energy transfer surface 16 flows through, air evaporated in the air mass flow again receives heat energy from the heat exchanger 14 coupled mass flow of warm heat transfer medium 31 from the eighth line connection 40 with the heat carrier medium-carrying line connection 15, wherein the mass flow of cool heat transfer medium 31 continues at the seventh line connection 40 with the heat transfer medium leading line connection 15th discharged from the heat exchanger 14 and a heat storage 1 1 of the heat storage unit 30 is supplied with a pump or a fan 25 for the circulation of the mass flow of heat transfer medium 31 provides. The then again warm heat transfer medium 31 is further supplied to the eighth line connection 40 by the heat carrier medium-carrying line connection 15.

After passing through the first heat energy transfer surface 16, the air mass flow of vaporized heated air exits at the first line connection 32 into the first air-conducting line connection 21 connected thereto and is supplied through the low-pressure expansion machine 13b. The low-pressure expansion engine 13b, which likewise generates electricity by means of the connected generator G 5, relaxes the supplied air mass flow of heated evaporated air and subsequently discharges it into the environment. This - ie the energy drainage process - is preferably at peak load times, ie at times when the electricity price is particularly high and / or additional power must be fed into the grid.

During an energy storage operation, in the first and second heat energy transfer surfaces 16, 17, the cold air taken out of the liquid air reservoir 9 and vaporized in the liquid air evaporator is heated as it flows through the heat exchanger 14 before being supplied to the expansion machines 13, 13a, 13b. For this purpose, the heat stored in the heat storage unit 30 is supplied to the heat exchanger 14 via the heat transfer medium 31 located in the line connection 15.

Furthermore, during the Ausspeicherphase for the regeneration of the adsorber 19 heat and unloaded as possible carrying air (= stale air) needed. The adsorber 19, which is a molecular sieve, removes in the manner not shown in the figures from the air mass flow of compressed air substances which can freeze - in the present case substantially CO2 and water - during the energy storage operation in the air flow direction in front of the heat exchanger 14 and before Air liquefier 8, in order to avoid that they freeze as components of the air mass flow of compressed air in the heat exchanger 14 or the air liquefier 8 and thus the operation of these components to make impossible. Conveniently, the regeneration of the adsorber 19 is integrated into the energy dumping process in the manner described above. For this purpose, the heat required from the heat storage unit 30 and unloaded carrying air are provided as part of the air mass flow from the vaporized stored air mass flow. The second heat transfer stage formed by the second heat energy transfer surface 17 of the heat exchanger 14 is formed with the larger heat transfer surface. During the Ausspeichervorgangs a partial stream of the air mass flow is diverted immediately after the heat exchanger 14 from the third air-conducting line connection in the adsorber regeneration line 20 after passing through the second heat transfer surface 17 and the heating of the air in the heat exchanger. The adsorber regeneration line 20 leads the adsorber 19 to this partial air flow as regeneration air. This regeneration air is supplied to the heat exchanger 14 in the cold but pressure-charged state after flowing through the adsorber 19 and reheated in the additional heat energy transfer surface 26. After flowing through the heat exchanger 14 and downstream of the branch 43 of the adsorber regeneration line 20, this partial air mass flow is again supplied to the third air-conducting line connection 23. For this purpose, the main air mass flow in the third air-conducting line connection 23 is slightly throttled, since the air mass fraction of Regenerierluft compared to the main air mass flow has a slightly lower pressure due to the adjusting itself in the flow through the adsorber 19 additional pressure loss. For this purpose, a throttle device 45 is formed in the third air-conducting line connection 23. As an alternative to throttling the air, it is possible to overcome the pressure loss of the Regenerierluftstroms by a jet pump, which is arranged in the main air flow. Since the adsorber 19 must be cold again towards the end of the energy storage operation to perform the air purification process during the energy storage process, the adsorber 19 is flowed out of the liquid air evaporation 12 after regeneration instead of heated air from the heat exchanger 14 with cold, pressurized and unloaded air. For sufficient regeneration of the adsorber 19 flows over a certain period of time, a certain heated in the heat exchanger 14 air flow through the adsorber 19. It can However, the regeneration time can be varied if the air flow is changed at the same time. The regeneration time can thus be selected longer than the cooling time. The air flow, which must be heated in the heat exchanger 14 is thereby reduced accordingly, which has a positive influence on the size of the additionally required heating surface 26, so that it can be made smaller. Thus, the heat required for the regeneration is fed back to the energy storage process, whereby a significant loss of efficiency is avoided by the regeneration.

The additional heat energy transfer surface 26 is also used in the cooling phase of the adsorber 19 during the Ausspeicherprozesses via the bypass circuit 18 for the heating of the at least one expansion machine 13 supplied air mass flow use. Another advantage of the additional heat energy transfer surface 26 is the lower pressure loss.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show, in a schematic representation analogous to the illustrations of FIGS. 4 and 5, the heat exchanger 14 during an energy recovery process. FIG. 8 shows a plan view of the heat exchanger 14 shown in FIG. 7.

The terms "energy storage process" and "energy storage process" are understood to mean, in particular, periods or cycles or phases that do not overlap and during which either energy in the form of liquid air is stored in the liquid storage 9 ("energy storage process") or liquid air from the liquid storage 9 stored out ("energy storage operation") is. This means that the above-described process and process steps performed in an energy-save process are typically not performed during a power-save operation, and vice versa. An energy storage operation and an energy storage operation respectively correspond to a mode of operation of the heating portion 6 of a liquid-air energy storage power plant 1.

Claims

A heat exchanger (14) for use in a hot section (6) of an adiabatic liquid air storage (A-LAES) based liquid air energy storage power plant, said hot section (6) comprising an air compression unit comprising at least one compressor (7, 7a, 7b) during an energy storage operation ( 27) and an at least one expansion machine (13, 13a, 13b) comprehensive, operated during a Energieausspeicherungsvorgang Luftentspannungseinheit (28) and a mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) providing heat storage unit (30), characterized

in that the heat exchanger (14) has a thermal energy transfer capacity which is sufficient both the cooling capacity required during an energy storage operation of the liquid-air energy storage thermal power plant for cooling or intercooling an air mass flow of compressed air arising in the at least one compressor (7, 7a, 7b) by heat transfer to a mass flow of inflowing heat transfer medium (31) as well as the heat capacity transferred during an energy storage operation of the liquid air energy storage power plant for heating one of the at least one expansion machine (13, 13a, 13b) comprising air expansion unit (28) incoming air mass flow of evaporated air by heat transfer To provide a mass flow flowing heat transfer medium (31).

Heat exchanger (14) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a first, the heat exchanger (14) from a first line connection (32) to a second line connection (33) passing through fluid heat transferable heat transfer surface (16) and a second, the heat exchanger (14). from a third lead terminal (34) to a fourth lead terminal Line connection (35) passing through fluid-flowable heat energy transfer surface (17).

3. Heat exchanger (14) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a heat exchanger (14) from a fifth line connection (36) to a sixth line connection (37) passing through the fluid durchströmbare additional heat energy transfer surface (26).

A hot part (6) of an adiabatic liquid air storage (A-LAES) based liquid air energy storage power plant having an intermediate compression air compression unit (27) having at least one compressed air compressor (7, 7a, 7b) supplied downstream in an air flow direction arranged heat exchanger (14), preferably a heat exchanger (14) according to one of claims 1-3, in air-conducting line connection (21, 22), and the one Luftentspannungseinheit (28), the at least one of a liquid air reservoir (9) supplied after evaporation Air expansion expansion machine (13, 13a, 13b), which with a upstream in the air flow direction heat exchanger (14), preferably a heat exchanger (14) according to one of claims 1-3, in air-conducting line connection (21, 22), wherein the Air compression unit (27) and the Luftentspannungsseinheit (28) with the liquid air (9) are in air-conducting line connection and the heat exchanger (14) with a at least one heat storage (1 1) comprehensive heat storage unit (30) in a heat transfer medium (31) leading line connection (15)

characterized,

in that the heat exchanger (14) acted upon by both the air compression unit (27) and the air expansion unit (28) has a heat energy transmission capacity that is sufficient both during an energy injection process in the air compression in the at least one compressor (7, 7a, 7b) resulting and from a heat exchanger (14) inflowing air mass flow of compressed air auskoppelnde heat energy in the heat exchanger (14) from the of Compressor (7, 7a, 7b) by the air-conducting line (21, 22) incoming air mass flow of compressed air decoupled and in a heat exchanger (14) by the heat transfer medium (31) leading line connection (15) inflowing mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) einkoppelbar is as well as the during a Energieeaeausspeicherungsvorgangs for heating one of the at least one expansion machine (13, 13a, 13b) incoming air mass flow of evaporated air and in a the heat exchanger (14) by the air-conducting line (21, 22) inflowing air mass flow of evaporated air to be coupled heat energy in the heat exchanger (14) from a heat exchanger (14) by the heat transfer medium (31) leading line connection (15) incoming mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) auskoppelbar and in the at least one expansion machine (13, 13a, 13b) inflowing air mass flow evaporated Air can be coupled r is.

Hot part (6) according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat energy transfer capacity of the heat exchanger (14) is sufficient that in the heat exchanger (14) both during the energy storage operation in the air compression with intermediate cooling of the air mass flow compressed air in the air compression unit (27) in total The heat energy to be dissipated can be coupled out and coupled into the mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) as well as the air mass flow of evaporated air in the air expansion unit (28) during the energy drain storage operation for the air mass flow unit (28) inflowing total heat energy from the mass flow of heat transfer medium (31 ) and can be coupled into the inflowing air mass flow of evaporated air.

Hot part (6) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the air compression unit (27) with intermediate cooling at least one compressor stage comprising a plurality of compressors (7a, 7b), and the Luftentspannungseinheit (28) at least one expansion stage, the plurality of expansion machines (13a , 13b), wherein the common heat exchanger (14) via the fluid-carrying line (21, 22) to each one Compressor stage and an expansion stage is connected, by means of the heat exchanger (14) both in the air compression with intermediate cooling in the respective compressor stage total heat energy to be dissipated from the air mass flow of compressed air coupled out and coupled into the mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) as well as for the for the heating of the respective Luftentspannungseinheit (28) inflowing air mass flow total required heat energy from the mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) auskoppelbar and in the air mass flow of evaporated air can be coupled.

Hot part (6) according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that exactly one heat exchanger (14) via the fluid-conducting line connection (21, 22) to the air compression unit (27) with intermediate cooling and the Luftentspannungseinheit (28) is connected, by means of which both the thermal energy resulting from the air mass flow in the air compression with intermediate cooling in the air compression unit (27) and / or in the at least one compressor (7, 7a, 7b) and / or in the respective compressor stage (s) compressed air can be decoupled and in the mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) can be coupled as well as for the heating of the Luftentspannungseinheit (28) and / or the at least one expansion machine (13, 13a, 13b) and / or the respective expansion stages Air mass flow of evaporated air total heat energy required from the heat transfer medium (31) auskoppelbar u nd in the air mass flow of evaporated air can be coupled.

Hot part (6) according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that the heat exchanger (14) related to the respective air flow direction of the air compression unit (27) and / or each compressor stage and / or each compressor (7a, 7b) connected downstream and the Luftentspannungseinheit (28) and / or each expansion stage and / or each expansion machine (13a, 13b) is connected upstream.

9. hot part (6) according to any one of claims 4-8, characterized in that the heat exchanger (14) in air-conducting line connection (21, 22) with the air compression unit (27) and the Luftentspannungseinheit (28) that the air flow direction of it is opposite to that of the energy dumping operation during the energy storage operation.

10. hot part (6) according to any one of claims 4-9, characterized in that the heat exchanger (14) has a first heat energy transfer surface (17) and a second heat energy transfer surface (16) via the air-conducting line connection (21, 22) each with the air compression unit (27), in particular a first compressor (7a) and a second compressor (7b), and the air expansion unit (28), in particular a first expansion machine (13a) and a second expansion machine (13b) are connected in series.

1 1. Hot part (6) according to any one of claims 4 - 10, characterized in that the heat exchanger (14) provides an additional heat energy transfer capacity in the form of an additional heat energy transfer surface (26) beyond the heat energy transfer capacity required in an energy storage operation or energy recovery operation.

12. hot part (6) according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the Zusatzwärmeenergieübertagungsfläche (26) by means of an adsorber regeneration line (20) in air-conducting line connection with an adsorber (19).

13. A method for operating a heat exchanger (14) according to any one of claims 1-3 in a hot part (6) according to any one of claims 4-12, characterized in that in the heat exchanger (14) both during a Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs in the air compression in the heat energy resulting from at least one compressor (7, 7a, 7b) is decoupled from an air mass flow of compressed air and introduced into a incoming mass flow to the heat transfer medium (31) is coupled in as well as the heat energy required during an energy feed operation for heating one of the at least one expansion engine (13, 13a, 13b) incoming air mass flow of evaporated air in the heat exchanger (14) from an inflowing mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) decoupled and coupled into an incoming air mass flow of evaporated air.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that in the heat exchanger (14) coupled both during the Energieeinspeicherungsvorgangs in the air compression with intermediate cooling of the air mass flow compressed air in the air compression unit (27) total heat energy dissipated and in the mass flow of heat transfer medium (31 ) is coupled in as well as during the Energieausspeicherungsvorgangs for the air to the Luftentspannungseinheit (28) inflowing air mass flow evaporated air in the Luftentspannungseinheit (28) total required heat energy from the mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) coupled and coupled into the incoming air mass flow evaporated air ,

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the air compression unit (27) with intermediate cooling at least one compressor stage comprising a plurality of compressors (7a, 7b), and the Luftentspannungseinheit (28) at least one expansion stage, the plurality of expansion machines (13a, 13b), wherein the common heat exchanger (14) to one, preferably all, compressor stage (s) and one, preferably all, expansion stage (s) is connected and by means of the common heat exchanger (14) both in the air compression with intermediate cooling in the respective or all compressor stage (s) total heat energy to be dissipated from the air mass flow of compressed air and coupled into the mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) is coupled as well as for the heating of the respective or all expansion stage (s) incoming air mass flow evaporated air as a whole required heat energy from the mass flow Heat transfer medium (31) is coupled out and coupled into the air mass flow of evaporated air.

16. The method according to any one of claims 13-15, characterized in that by means of exactly one, to the air compression unit (27) with intermediate cooling and the Luftentspannungseinheit (28) connected to the heat exchanger (14) both in the air compression with intermediate cooling in the at least one Compressor (7, 7a, 7b) and / or in the respective compressor stage (s) resulting and total dissipated heat energy from the air mass flow compressed air coupled and coupled into the mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) as well as for the for heating the the at least one expansion machine (13, 13a, 13b) and / or the total mass flow of air flowing to the respective expansion stage is decoupled from the heat transfer medium (31) and injected into the air mass flow evaporated air.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13-16, characterized in that the heat exchanger (14) is in air-conducting line connection (21, 22) with the air compression unit (27) and the Luftentspannungseinheit (28) that he opposite during the energy storage operation Flow direction is flowed through during the Energieausspeicherungsvorgangs of an air mass flow.

18. The method according to any one of claims 13-17, characterized in that the heat exchanger (14) provides an additional heat energy transfer capacity in the form of an additional heat energy transfer surface (26) beyond the heat energy transfer capacity required in an energy storage operation or an energy recovery storage operation via an adsorber regeneration conduit (26). 20) in air-conducting line connection with an adsorber (19) and by means of which during the energy storage operation in the heat exchanger (14) from the inflowing mass flow of heat transfer medium (31) thermal energy decoupled and in a the absorber (19) via the adsorber regeneration line (20) inflowing air mass flow evaporated air is coupled.