EP2738150B1 - Use of a dinitromethane salt - Google Patents
Use of a dinitromethane salt Download PDFInfo
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- EP2738150B1 EP2738150B1 EP13005241.8A EP13005241A EP2738150B1 EP 2738150 B1 EP2738150 B1 EP 2738150B1 EP 13005241 A EP13005241 A EP 13005241A EP 2738150 B1 EP2738150 B1 EP 2738150B1
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- WINNISSSXBRWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitromethane Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C[N+]([O-])=O WINNISSSXBRWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 hydrazinium ion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ISNICOKBNZOJQG-UHFFFAOYSA-O guanidinium ion Chemical compound C[NH+]=C(N(C)C)N(C)C ISNICOKBNZOJQG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920002121 Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920002449 FKM Polymers 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- SQSPRWMERUQXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanylurea Chemical class NC(=N)NC(N)=O SQSPRWMERUQXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XNJHTQQLOMRHSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+](C[N+]([O-])=O)=O.N Chemical compound [O-][N+](C[N+]([O-])=O)=O.N XNJHTQQLOMRHSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 2
- FFHNABRYKXBJEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dinitro-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1([N+]([O-])=O)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O FFHNABRYKXBJEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005457 Black-body radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002357 guanidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006798 ring closing metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003249 vinylidene fluoride hexafluoropropylene elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/36—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitroparaffin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C15/00—Pyrophoric compositions; Flints
Definitions
- the cation also comprises the elements carbon and / or oxygen.
- the cation comprises the element carbon
- An aromatic carbon structure is preferably not present in such a cation. The presence of a maximum of 5 directly interconnected carbon atoms, the emergence of carbon black, which is a very efficient black body radiator during annealing, at least largely avoided.
- ring closure may occur in pyrolysis and thereby formation of an aromatic structure.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung eines Dinitromethansalzes als Zusatzstoff zu einer pyrotechnischen Wirkmasse.
Aus der
From the
Wirkmassen für spektral strahlende pyrotechnische Scheinziele haben im Allgemeinen auf Grund der Anforderung an eine spektrale Signatur eine relativ niedrige Strahlungsleistung im Vergleich zu einer Schwarzkörperstrahlung emittierenden Wirkmasse, welche Magnesium, Teflon und das Fluorelastomer Viton® umfasst. Um einem modernen Zweifarben-Infrarotsuchkopf mittels eines abbrennenden pyrotechnischen Scheinziels effektiv ein Flugzeug vortäuschen zu können, ist beim Abbrand der Wirkmasse ein möglichst hohes Spektralverhältnis erforderlich. Als Spektralverhältnis wird hier das Verhältnis der emittierten Strahlung im Wellenlängenbereich von 3,7 bis 5,1 µm (MW-Band) zur emittierten Strahlung im Wellenlängenbereich von 1,9 bis 2,3 µm (KW-Band) bezeichnet. Herkömmliche spektrale Scheinzielwirkmassen weisen dazu häufig ein nicht ausreichend hohes Spektralverhältnis und/oder keine ausreichende Leistung auf. Solche Scheinzielwirkmassen bestehen z. B. aus Ammoniumperchlorat als Oxidationsmittel und Hydroxyl-terminiertem Polybutadien (HTPB) als Brennstoff.
Um die Leistung solcher Scheinzielwirkmassen beim Abbrand zu erhöhen wird häufig ein Zusatzstoff zur Vergrößerung der beim Abbrand entstehenden Flamme eingesetzt. Ein bekannter solcher Zusatzstoff ist Hexamethylentetramin, welches die Flamme zwar vergrößert und somit die Leistung steigert, das Spektralverhältnis jedoch nicht oder nur geringfügig im Vergleich zu einer entsprechenden Wirkmasse mit gleicher Sauerstoffbilanz erhöht. Nachteilig ist dabei, dass durch den Zusatzstoff die Abbrandrate der Wirkmasse oft stark verringert wird. Um dies auszugleichen wird die Wirkmasse häufig durch Pressen in eine Form gebracht, die eine große Oberfläche aufweist. Dadurch wird jedoch Raum beansprucht, so dass verhältnismäßig wenig Wirkmasse in ein Scheinziel mit gegebenem Volumen eingebracht werden kann und der Gesamtenergiegehalt des Scheinziels dadurch verhältnismäßig gering ist.Spectral radiant pyrotechnic sham targets generally have a relatively low radiant power due to spectral signature requirements compared to a blackbody radiating active mass comprising magnesium, Teflon, and Viton® fluoroelastomer. In order to be able to simulate effectively a plane to a modern two-color infrared seeker by means of a burning pyrotechnic decoy target, the highest possible spectral ratio is required when burning the active mass. The spectral ratio here is the ratio of the emitted radiation in the wavelength range from 3.7 to 5.1 .mu.m (MW band) to the emitted radiation in the wavelength range from 1.9 to 2.3 .mu.m (KW band). Conventional spectral shots targeting agents often have a not sufficiently high spectral ratio and / or sufficient power to do so. Such decoy target effects consist for. B. from ammonium perchlorate as the oxidizing agent and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as a fuel.
In order to increase the performance of such decoy target active compounds during combustion, an additive is often used to increase the flame produced during combustion. One known such additive is hexamethylenetetramine, which is the flame increases and thus increases the power, the spectral ratio, however, not or only increased slightly compared to a corresponding active mass with the same oxygen balance. The disadvantage here is that the burning rate of the active material is often greatly reduced by the additive. To compensate for this, the active material is often brought by pressing into a mold having a large surface area. As a result, however, space is claimed, so that relatively little active mass can be introduced into a decoy with a given volume and the total energy content of the decoy is thereby relatively low.
Weiterhin ist es bekannt, eine Nitrocellulose oder ein doppelbasiges Treibladungspulver enthaltende Scheinzielwirkmasse einzusetzen. Gegenüber einer Ammoniumperchlorat und HTPB enthaltenden Wirkmasse ist bei einer solchen Wirkmasse sowohl das Spektralverhältnis als auch die spezifische Leistung erhöht. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass deren beim Abbrand entstehende Flamme von Luft einer höheren Geschwindigkeit schnell ausgeblasen wird. Um dieses Problem zu beheben, gibt es aufwendig gestaltete Scheinziele, bei denen die Wirkmasse vor Wind geschützt abbrennt und mittels durch die Flamme aufgeheizter Glühelemente thermisch bestrahlt wird. Die Glühelemente müssen nach außen abgeschirmt sein, damit sie keine das Spektralverhältnis reduzierende Schwarzkörperstrahlung nach außen abgeben können. Solche Vorrichtungen sind verhältnismäßig unzuverlässig und teuer. Weiterhin benötigen sie verhältnismäßig viel Volumen im Scheinziel, so dass die Gesamtleistung des Scheinziels nicht wesentlich höher ist als bei einem Ammoniumperchlorat und HTPB als Wirkmasse enthaltenden Scheinziel.Furthermore, it is known to use a nitrocellulose or a double-base propellant powder-containing sham target effective mass. Compared to an active ingredient containing ammonium perchlorate and HTPB, in such an active mass both the spectral ratio and the specific power are increased. The disadvantage, however, is that their combustion flame is blown out of air at a higher speed quickly. To solve this problem, there are elaborately designed decoys, in which the active mass burns protected from wind and is thermally irradiated by means of heated by the flame elements. The glow elements must be shielded to the outside so that they can not deliver the spectral ratio reducing black body radiation to the outside. Such devices are relatively unreliable and expensive. Furthermore, they require relatively much volume in the decoy, so that the overall performance of the decoy is not significantly higher than that of an ammonium perchlorate and HTPB containing as active compound decoy.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Verwendung eines Zusatzstoffs anzugeben, der zu einer pyrotechnischen Wirkmasse zugesetzt werden kann, um die Intensität einer bei deren Abbrand entstehenden Strahlung zu steigern und das Spektralverhältnis zu erhöhen.The object of the present invention is to provide a use of an additive which can be added to a pyrotechnic active material in order to increase the intensity of a radiation produced during their combustion and to increase the spectral ratio.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 2 bis 6.The object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments result from the features of claims 2 to 6.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Verwendung eines Dinitromethansalzes als Zusatzstoff zu einer pyrotechnischen Wirkmasse zur Steigerung der Intensität einer bei deren Abbrand entstehenden Strahlung und zur Erhöhung eines Verhältnisses der Intensität einer beim Abbrand der Wirkmasse emittierten Strahlung im Wellenlängenbereich von 3,7 bis 5,1 µm zu der Intensität einer beim Abbrand der Wirkmasse emittierten Strahlung im Wellenlängenbereich von 1,9 bis 2,3 µm vorgesehen. Dabei ist ein Kation des Dinitromethansalzes eine mindestens die Elemente Stickstoff und Wasserstoff umfassende Base. Ein solches Dinitromethansalz steigert die Intensität der Strahlung und damit die Strahlungsleistung dadurch, dass die Flamme durch die gasförmigen Produkte vergrößert wird, die beim Abbrand durch thermische Zersetzung des genannten Dinitromethansalzes entstehen. Durch die Vergrößerung der Flamme wird die abstrahlende Fläche vergrößert. Die Erhöhung des Spektralverhältnisses erfolgt vor allem dadurch, dass die Leistung der Strahlung im MW-Band gesteigert wird, während die Leistung der Strahlung im KW-Band nur geringfügig oder gar nicht beeinflusst wird. Durch die Erhöhung des Spektralverhältnisses wird die Täuschwirkung eines pyrotechnischen Scheinziels für einen Zweifarben-Infrarotsuchkopf erhöht. Die ebenfalls bekannten Alkalimetallsalze von Dinitromethan sind als Zusatzstoff ungeeignet, da bei deren Abbrand festes Material entsteht, welches als Schwarzkörperstrahler wirkt und das Spektralverhältnis dadurch deutlich verringert.According to the invention, the use of a Dinitromethansalzes as an additive to a pyrotechnic active material to increase the intensity of a radiation generated during their combustion and to increase a ratio of the intensity of emitted during combustion of the active mass radiation in the wavelength range of 3.7 to 5.1 microns to the intensity a radiation emitted during the burning of the effective mass radiation in the wavelength range of 1.9 to 2.3 microns provided. This is a cation of the dinitromethane salt has a base comprising at least the elements nitrogen and hydrogen. Such Dinitromethansalz increases the intensity of the radiation and thus the radiant power by the fact that the flame is increased by the gaseous products that arise during combustion by thermal decomposition of said Dinitromethansalzes. By enlarging the flame, the radiating surface is increased. The increase of the spectral ratio is mainly due to the fact that the power of the radiation in the MW band is increased, while the power of the radiation in the HC band is only slightly or not affected. Increasing the spectral ratio increases the illusion of a pyrotechnic decoy target for a two-color infrared seeker head. The likewise known alkali metal salts of dinitromethane are unsuitable as an additive, since their burning produces solid material which acts as a black body radiator and thereby significantly reduces the spectral ratio.
Weiterhin hat es sich gezeigt, dass durch das genannte Dinitromethansalz die Abbrandrate erhöht werden kann. Dadurch kann mit einer Tablette mit herkömmlicher Oberflächenform der erforderliche Massendurchsatz beim Abbrand der Wirkmasse erreicht werden. Es ist nicht erforderlich, dass die Wirkmasse durch Pressen in eine Form gebracht wird, die eine besonders große Oberfläche aufweist.Furthermore, it has been found that the burning rate can be increased by the said dinitromethane salt. This can be achieved with a tablet with a conventional surface shape of the required mass flow rate during combustion of the active mass. It is not necessary that the active material is brought by pressing in a form having a particularly large surface area.
Weiterhin wurde festgestellt, dass durch das genannte Dinitromethansalz Nitrocellulose in solchen Scheinzielwirkmassen ersetzt werden kann, bei denen es auf die Zersetzungstemperatur der Nitrocellulose ankommt. Die Zersetzungstemperaturen von Nitrocellulose und dem genannten Dinitromethansalz liegen etwa im selben Bereich von 160 bis 200°C. Der Ersatz von Nitrocellulose durch das genannte Dinitromethansalz erhöht die Lagerfähigkeit und Sicherheit der Wirkmasse, weil Nitrocellulose im Gegensatz zum genannten Dinitromethansalz nur begrenzt langzeitstabil ist.Furthermore, it has been found that by said Dinitromethansalz nitrocellulose can be replaced in such sham targeting compounds, in which it depends on the decomposition temperature of the nitrocellulose. The decomposition temperatures of nitrocellulose and said dinitromethane salt are in the approximate range of 160 to 200 ° C. The replacement of nitrocellulose by said dinitromethane salt increases the shelf life and safety of the active material, because nitrocellulose, in contrast to said Dinitromethansalz has only a limited long-term stability.
Durch das genannte Dinitromethansalz kann auch die Empfindlichkeit der Wirkmasse gegenüber mechanischer Beanspruchung reduziert werden. Darüber hinaus ist die Synthese des genannten Dinitromethansalzes einfach aus gut zugänglichen und preisgünstigen Ausgangsstoffen mit guter Ausbeute möglich. Zur Synthese kann das genannte Salz z. B. aus einem anderen Dinitromethansalz, z. B. Ammoniumdinitromethanat, mittels eines entsprechenden Gegenions ausgefällt oder aus Dinitrobarbitursäure direkt synthetisiert werden.By means of said dinitromethane salt, the sensitivity of the active composition to mechanical stress can also be reduced. In addition, the synthesis of said Dinitromethansalzes is easily possible from readily available and inexpensive starting materials with good yield. For the synthesis, said salt z. B. from another Dinitromethansalz, z. As ammonium dinitromethane, precipitated by means of a corresponding counterion or be synthesized directly from dinitrobarbituric acid.
Bei einer Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung umfasst das Kation auch die Elemente Kohlenstoff und/oder Sauerstoff. Wenn das Kation das Element Kohlenstoff umfasst, ist es günstig, wenn in dem Kation maximal 5 Kohlenstoffatome durch direkte Bindung miteinander verbunden sind. Mindestens jedes sechste Atom ist also ein Heteroatom, wie z. B. Sauerstoff oder Stickstoff. Eine aromatische Kohlenstoffstruktur liegt in einem solchen Kation vorzugsweise nicht vor. Durch das Vorliegen von maximal 5 direkt miteinander verbundenen Kohlenstoffatomen wird das Entstehen von Ruß, der beim Glühen ein sehr effizienter Schwarzkörperstrahler ist, zumindest weitgehend vermieden. Sobald 6 Kohlenstoffatome durch direkte Bindung miteinander verbunden sind, kann es bei einer Pyrolyse zu einem Ringschluss und dadurch zur Bildung einer aromatischen Struktur kommen. Dies führt dann zur Bildung von Ruß als polyaromatischem Stoff, der das Spektrum der emittierten Strahlung in Richtung des KW-Bandes verschiebt. Bei höchstens 5 durch direkte Bindung miteinander verbundenen C-Atomen ist die Entstehung aromatischer Strukturen sehr unwahrscheinlich und die Rußbildung stark unterdrückt.In one embodiment of the use according to the invention, the cation also comprises the elements carbon and / or oxygen. When the cation comprises the element carbon, it is favorable if in the cation a maximum of 5 carbon atoms are linked together by direct bonding. At least every sixth atom is therefore a heteroatom, such as. As oxygen or nitrogen. An aromatic carbon structure is preferably not present in such a cation. The presence of a maximum of 5 directly interconnected carbon atoms, the emergence of carbon black, which is a very efficient black body radiator during annealing, at least largely avoided. Once 6 carbon atoms are linked together by direct bonding, ring closure may occur in pyrolysis and thereby formation of an aromatic structure. This then leads to the formation of carbon black as a polyaromatic substance, which shifts the spectrum of the emitted radiation in the direction of the KW band. With at most 5 carbon atoms connected by direct bonding, the formation of aromatic structures is very unlikely and soot formation is strongly suppressed.
Bei dem Kation kann es sich um ein Guanidiniumion, ein Ammoniumion, ein Hydraziniumion oder ein Guanylharnstoffion handeln. Bei Verwendung des Guanylharnstoffsalzes von Dinitromethan als Zusatzstoff konnte die Strahlungsleistung einer pyrotechnischen Wirkmasse im MW-Band gegenüber einer Wirkmasse ohne diesen Zusatzstoff um bis zu 60 % gesteigert werden. Außerdem konnte das Spektralverhältnis von etwa 9 auf 10 bis 11 gesteigert werden.The cation can be a guanidinium ion, an ammonium ion, a hydrazinium ion or a guanylurea ion. When using the guanyl urea salt of dinitromethane as an additive, the radiant power of a pyrotechnic active material in the MW band could be increased by up to 60% compared to a mass without this additive. In addition, the spectral ratio of about 9 could be increased to 10 to 11.
Bei der Wirkmasse kann es sich um eine bei deren Abbrand im Infrarotbereich spektral strahlende Scheinzielwirkmasse handeln.The active mass may be a fulcrum target active mass which emits spectrally in the course of its combustion in the infrared range.
Der Zusatzstoff kann zusätzlich zur Erhöhung einer Abbrandrate der Wirkmasse verwendet werden.The additive can be used in addition to increasing a burning rate of the active mass.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments.
Die Wirkmasse ist ein bekannter Schwarzkörperstrahler, der hier als Referenz eingesetzt wurde.
Bekannte spektral angepasste Wirkmasse auf Basis von Ammoniumperchlorat. Diese Wirkmasse weist ein relativ hohes Spektralverhältnis aber verhältnismäßig wenig Energie auf.
IPDI = Isophorondiisocyanat
IPDI = isophorone diisocyanate
Spektral angepasste Wirkmasse auf Basis von Ammoniumperchlorat. Diese Wirkmasse weist ein relativ hohes Spektralverhältnis aber verhältnismäßig wenig Energie auf. Diese Wirkmasse zeigt die Wirkung des weiteren Brennstoffs Hexamethylentetramin: Bei gleicher Sauerstoffbilanz wie die Wirkmasse gemäß Beispiel 2 wird eine höhere Strahlungsenergie erreicht, jedoch bleibt das Spektralverhältnis unverändert.
Erfindungsgemäße spektral strahlende Wirkmasse mit Ammoniumdinitromethanat als Zusatzstoff, der die Flamme vergrößert und die Empfindlichkeit der Wirkmasse reduziert.
Erfindungsgemäße spektral strahlende Wirkmasse mit Guanylharnstoffdinitromethanat als Zusatzstoff zur Vergrößerung der Flamme und zur Reduzierung der Empfindlichkeit.
Claims (6)
- Use of a dinitromethane salt as additive to an active pyrotechnic composition for increasing the intensity of radiation produced during the burnup of said composition and for increasing a ratio of the intensity of radiation emitted during burnup of the active composition in the wavelength range from 3.7 to 5.1 µm to the intensity of radiation emitted during burnup of the active composition in the wavelength range from 1.9 to 2.3 µm, a cation of the dinitromethane salt being a base comprising at least the elements nitrogen and hydrogen.
- Use according to Claim 1,
the cation further comprising the elements carbon and/or oxygen. - Use according to Claim 2,
the cation comprising the element carbon, there being not more than five carbon atoms joined to one another by direct bonding in the cation. - Use according to any of the preceding claims,
the cation being a guanidinium ion, an ammonium ion, a hydrazinium ion or a guanylurea ion. - Use according to any of the preceding claims,
the active composition being an active decoy composition which radiates spectrally in the infrared region during its burnup. - Use according to any of the preceding claims,
the additive being used additionally for increasing a burnup rate of the active composition.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102012023549.6A DE102012023549B4 (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | Use of a dinitromethane salt |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2738150A2 EP2738150A2 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
EP2738150A3 EP2738150A3 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
EP2738150B1 true EP2738150B1 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
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EP13005241.8A Not-in-force EP2738150B1 (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2013-11-07 | Use of a dinitromethane salt |
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EP (1) | EP2738150B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2013257394B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012023549B4 (en) |
IL (1) | IL229411B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201308872B (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3797392A (en) * | 1973-02-12 | 1974-03-19 | R Eckels | Reversible sensitization of liquid explosives |
US3980510A (en) * | 1974-10-29 | 1976-09-14 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Nitroparaffin explosive composition containing hydrazine and diethylenetriamine |
US6675716B1 (en) * | 1980-08-25 | 2004-01-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Pyrotechnic pellet decoy method |
US5472533A (en) * | 1994-09-22 | 1995-12-05 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Spectrally balanced infrared flare pyrotechnic composition |
SE513222C2 (en) * | 1998-12-08 | 2000-08-07 | Foersvarets Forskningsanstalt | Methods for preparing dinitromethane salts |
SE515717C2 (en) * | 2000-01-03 | 2001-10-01 | Nexplo Bofors Ab | Methods of producing gas-powered car safety details and pyrotechnic gas generators produced accordingly |
DE102004043991C5 (en) * | 2004-09-11 | 2015-11-05 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Infrared decoys and its use |
DE102007011662A1 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-11 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | pyrotechnic active mass (I) for the production of IR radiation, useful in military field, comprises oxidizers of fluoro nitro formate and fluoronitramide of alkali- and alkaline earth metal and its derivatives |
DE102011103483A1 (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-06 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Active mass for a spectrally radiating infrared light target with room effect during burnup |
DE102011103482A1 (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-06 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | High-performance active mass for a spectrally radiating infrared light target during burn-up |
-
2012
- 2012-11-28 DE DE102012023549.6A patent/DE102012023549B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-11-07 EP EP13005241.8A patent/EP2738150B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-11-11 AU AU2013257394A patent/AU2013257394B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-11-13 IL IL229411A patent/IL229411B/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-11-26 ZA ZA2013/08872A patent/ZA201308872B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA201308872B (en) | 2014-08-27 |
AU2013257394A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
EP2738150A3 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
DE102012023549A1 (en) | 2014-05-28 |
IL229411A0 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
AU2013257394B2 (en) | 2017-09-28 |
IL229411B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
DE102012023549B4 (en) | 2014-11-06 |
EP2738150A2 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
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