EP2737173A2 - Procédé de conditionnement d'une paroi d'une section de forage - Google Patents

Procédé de conditionnement d'une paroi d'une section de forage

Info

Publication number
EP2737173A2
EP2737173A2 EP12726981.9A EP12726981A EP2737173A2 EP 2737173 A2 EP2737173 A2 EP 2737173A2 EP 12726981 A EP12726981 A EP 12726981A EP 2737173 A2 EP2737173 A2 EP 2737173A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drill head
wall
conditioned
formation
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12726981.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tamas BOZSO
Robert BOZSO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SLD Enhanced Recovery Inc
Original Assignee
SLD Enhanced Recovery Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SLD Enhanced Recovery Inc filed Critical SLD Enhanced Recovery Inc
Publication of EP2737173A2 publication Critical patent/EP2737173A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/025—Consolidation of loose sand or the like round the wells without excessively decreasing the permeability thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
    • A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
    • A01M1/04—Attracting insects by using illumination or colours
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
    • A01M1/22—Killing insects by electric means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • E21B21/085—Underbalanced techniques, i.e. where borehole fluid pressure is below formation pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • E21B33/138—Plastering the borehole wall; Injecting into the formation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
    • E21B7/15—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling of electrically generated heat

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wells drilled to recover fluids from geologic formations.
  • a borehole system may be bored in the earth's crust using mechanical drilling rigs at the earth's surface to rotate a drill bit at a leading end of a drill string extending from the rig.
  • Some rigs rotate the entire drill string, which may comprise a plurality of segments or stands of drill pipe threadedly coupled to form the drill string.
  • the drill string can be made up by adding segments as the drill string is extended deeper into the earth's crust or laid down by removing segments as the drill string is withdrawn from the earth's crust.
  • the rotation of the drill string and the drill bit at the leading end of the drill string while urging the drill bit against the end of the portion of the borehole system to be extended to break apart rock engaged by the drill bit.
  • a drill string may comprise a mud motor proximal the leading end and hydraulically powered by fluid provided through the center of the drill string to rotate a drill bit coupled to the mud motor to break apart the rock engaged by the drill bit. Drill cuttings are removed from the portion of the bore to be extended by circulating working fluid down the drill string and back to the earth's surface through the annulus between the drill string and the wall of the bore.
  • Other methods for extending a borehole system include the use of high-power laser light to melt components of rock within a laser path adjacent to a drill head at the leading end of a drill string.
  • Laser drilling may include the removal of debris resulting from the drilling process by circulating fluid into and from the portion of the borehole system being extended.
  • a laser path between the drill head and a portion of the wall to be irradiated using the drill head must be cleared of laser obstructing materials so that the laser light can impinge on the portion of the wall to be irradiated by the laser.
  • a completed borehole system generally comprises a non-productive portion, into which no fluids enter from adjacent geologic formations, and a productive portion of the borehole system having a plurality of bore sections into which fluids may enter from adjacent geologic formations. It is important to prevent undesirable fluids from entering the borehole system and also to cause desirable fluids to enter the borehole by providing a flow passageway.
  • a drilled borehole system to obtain fresh water should be isolated from penetrated geologic formations bearing brackish or salty water in favor of producing water from penetrated geologic formations bearing fresh water.
  • a borehole system drilled to obtain oil or gas should be isolated from penetrated geologic formations bearing water in favor of producing oil or gas from penetrated geologic formations bearing oil or gas.
  • Another embodiment of the invention provides a method of conditioning a portion of a wall of a borehole system comprising disposing a drill head into the borehole system, positioning the drill head proximal to the portion of the wall to be conditioned, injecting a gas to displace laser obstructing material from a laser path intermediate the drill head and the portion of the wall to be conditioned, irradiating the portion of the wall using laser light emitted from the drill head to melt at least a component of the wall opposite the laser path from the drill head, providing an underbalanced pressure at the portion of the wall to be conditioned, and drawing a formation fluid residing in the formation across the portion of the wall to be conditioned as the component of the formation solidifies to create passageways within the wall for the flow of the fluid from the formation into the borehole system.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of an alternative spool that can be used to store an umbilical of a system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a drill head that can be used to implement an aspect of the system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial section view of a drill head that can be used to implement as aspect of the system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an elevation view of the portion of a borehole system of FIG. 6 after a guide tool is disposed in the primary bore to guide the drill head through the casing window into the lateral bore to condition the wall of the lateral bore.
  • One embodiment of the present invention provides an umbilical for positioning a drill head connected to a leading end of the umbilical within a borehole system.
  • the umbilical includes a gas conduit and a plurality of optically transmitting fibers to supply gas and laser light to the drill head, respectively.
  • the umbilical may be stored on and fed from a reel, spool or other storage device into the borehole system.
  • the reel, spool or other storage device on which the umbilical may be wound or coiled facilitates transportation of the umbilical to and from the surface location of the borehole system.
  • the umbilical comprises a leading end to which a drill head is connected, for being introduced into the borehole system.
  • the reel can be rotated to feed out the umbilical to the borehole system in an amount sufficient to position the drill head at the leading end of the umbilical proximal a portion of a wall of the borehole system to be conditioned using the drill head.
  • the drill head can, in one embodiment, comprise one or more gas injection ports strategically located on the drill head to introduce gas to displace laser obstructing materials, such as working fluid or other fluids and debris, from the laser path.
  • the laser path is the path through which the laser light emitted from the drill head will beam to impinge on the portion of the wall of the bore to be conditioned using the drill head.
  • the seal may be retracted from a deployed configuration by remotely opening a second valve coupled to release the gas from the inflated seal to the bore.
  • a first valve coupled to selectively introduce gas from the gas conduit to the seal to inflate the seal
  • a second valve coupled to selectively release gas from the seal to the bore
  • a single remotely controllable three-way valve having a first selectable position to establish communication between the gas conduit and the seal to inflate the seal and a second selectable position to establish communication between the inflated seal and the bore.
  • a bore may be swabbed to provide an underbalanced pressure by introducing gas or low-density liquid into the bore, even at a shallow depth relative to the portion of the bore to be conditioned, to displace a more dense fluid and to thereby alter the hydrostatic pressure provided by the fluid in the borehole system to the portion of the wall to be conditioned using the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustrating an aspect of the system 10 of the present invention.
  • a borehole 90 is drilled into the earth's crust 11 so that a portion 17 of the borehole 90 penetrates a geologic formation 19 bearing a fluid medium such as, for example, hydrocarbons.
  • the system 10 comprises a coiled tubing unit at the surface 15 having a source of pressurized gas 12 fluidically coupled through a gas leader 13 to a gas conduit (not shown) within an umbilical 34, a portable electric generator 14 electrically coupled through a power supply leader 18 to power a laser light generator 16 that is, in turn, optically coupled through a laser leader 26 to a plurality of optical fibers 47 (not shown in FIG. 1) within the umbilical 34.
  • the system further comprises a wellhead 25 sealing the surface end 91 of the borehole 90 through which the umbilical 34 is received into the borehole 90, a working fluid tank 20 coupled through a working fluid leader 22 to the wellhead 25 to enable the introduction and removal of working fluid 21 into and from an annulus 24 between the umbilical 34 and the wall 94 of the borehole 90.
  • the system further comprises a spool 30 on which an extended length of umbilical 34 may be stored, and a coiled tubing unit guide support 27 to support an umbilical guide 38 having a plurality of rolling elements 37 therein to reduce friction of movement of the umbilical 34 into and from the wellhead 25 and the borehole 90.
  • the system 10 and the coiled tubing unit thereof further comprise a drill head 50 connected at a connected end 36 to the umbilical 34 and positionable within the borehole 90 by letting out and reeling in the umbilical 34 from and onto the spool 30.
  • the system 10 comprises the spool 30 that is rotatable on an axle (not shown in FIG. 1) using a motor and related gears (not shown) to control the position of the drill head 50 by letting out and reeling in the umbilical 34 thereon.
  • the spool 30 has been reeled out to provide sufficient umbilical 34 through the wellhead 25 to position the drill head 50 adjacent to a portion of the wall to be conditioned 92, which is a small portion of the wall 94 of the borehole 90 that is adjacent the drill head 50.
  • the drill head 50 comprises a deployable circumferential seal 54 that, upon deployment, seals the annulus between the exterior surface of the drill head 50 and the wall 94 of the borehole 90 in which the drill head 50 is positioned.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the drill head 50 of FIG. 1 that can be used to implement an aspect of the system of the present invention.
  • the drill head 50 of FIG. 4 comprises a plurality of optical elements 45 optically coupled to a plurality of elongate optical fibers 47 that optically conduct laser light (not shown in FIG. 4) provided from the laser light source 16 (not shown in FIG. 4) through the laser leader 26 (not shown in FIG. 4) to a surface end of the optical fibers 47 (not shown in FIG. 4).
  • the optical elements 45 in the drill head 50 of FIG. 4 are disposed in a generally concentric pattern within a leading end 56 of the drill head. It will be understood that the optical elements may be disposed in a number of various patterns or positions within the drill head 50.
  • the drill head 50 of FIG. 4 in the deployed mode to seal an annulus between a wall of a bore (not shown) in which the drill head 50 of FIG. 4 may be positioned and the exterior surface 59 of the drill head 50 to facilitate the displacement of laser obstructing materials from the portion of a bore system to be conditioned using the system of the present invention.
  • the drill head 50 of FIG. 4 further comprises one or more relief ports 57 into which laser obstructing materials may be displaced and through which laser obstructing materials may be removed from the portion of a borehole to be conditioned using the system of the present invention.
  • the drill head 50 of FIG. 4 may be positioned within a portion of a bore to be conditioned thereby, the deployable seal 54 may be deployed to engage a wall of a portion of the bore to seal an annulus between the exterior surface 59 of the drill head 50 and the wall of the bore.
  • Gas provided to the drill head through a gas conduit 49 within an umbilical 34 used to position the drill head 50 is injected into a portion of the bore proximal to the leading end 56 of the drill head 50 to displace laser obstructing materials, such as working fluid, formation fluid or a mixture thereof, from the portion of the bore through the relief port 57.
  • laser obstructing materials such as working fluid, formation fluid or a mixture thereof
  • the displaced laser obstructing material and the gas injected through the gas injection ports 46 to displace the laser obstructing material are moved towards the surface and beyond the seal 54 through material conduits 48 within the drill head 50.
  • the material conduits 48 may empty into the portion of the annulus (not shown) between the surface and the seal 54 or, alternately, the umbilical 34 may comprise an additional conduit through which the displaced laser obstructing material and the displacing gas stream may be delivered to the surface.
  • FIG. 6 is an elevation view of a portion of a borehole system comprising a lateral bore 72 intersecting a primary bore 90 at a window 84 in a casing 82 installed within the primary bore 90 and cemented into place using cement 80.
  • the lateral bore 72 of FIG. 6 has an initial section 70 and a plurality of bends 73 indicating that the lateral bore 72 is bored using a tool steered to penetrate and drain formation fluid from a geologic formation 19.
  • FIG. 7 is an elevation view of the portion of a borehole system of FIG. 6 after a guide tool 98 is disposed in the primary bore 90 to guide the drill head 50 (not shown in FIG. 7) through the casing window 84 and into the lateral bore 72 to condition a portion of a wall 94 of the lateral bore 72 to better drain the adjacent geologic formation 19.
  • the guide tool 98 has shoes 96 to grip the casing 82, and an inclined surface 97 thereon to deflect a drill head 50 (not shown in FIG. 7) into the window 84 milled in the casing 82 and the cement liner 80.
  • the size, length and diameter of the drill head 50 (not shown) to be positioned in the lateral bore 72, an angle of the inclined surface 97, the configuration of the guide tool 98, the size of the window 84 and an angle of intersection 99 of the initial section 70 of the lateral bore 72 are among factors to be considered in conditioning a portion of a wall 94 of a bore 72 in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is the elevation view of FIG. 6 after the system of the present invention is used to create a congealed permeable liner 79 along a portion of a wall 94 of a lateral bore 72 intersecting a primary bore 90.
  • the liner 79 is conditioned, using the drill head 50 (not shown) and an underbalanced pressure to facilitate the flow of formation fluid residing in the formation 19 into the lateral bore 72 through a plurality of fluid passages 88 through the liner 79.
  • the liner 79 comprises one or more components of the formation 19 melted by laser light and congealed to form the liner.
  • the formation 19 may be sandstone, and the component melted by exposure to the laser light may be silica, which congeals after melting to form the liner 79.
  • the fluid passages 88 through the liner 79 are formed by physical reaction of the formation fluid, moved from the formation to the bore as a result of the underbalanced pressure, with the congealing formation components.
  • formation fluid components such as water or hydrocarbons will, upon exposure to the hot, congealing formation components along the wall 94 of the lateral bore 72, expand within a matrix of congealing formation components resulting in small cavities (not shown in FIG. 8) within the liner 79, as illustrated in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the lateral bore 72 of FIG. 8 wherein the system of the present invention has been used to condition the liner 79 formed along the wall of the conditioned bore section with a plurality of cavities 93. Many of the cavities 93 are fluidically connected to adjacent cavities 93 to create fluid passageways 88 to facilitate the flow of fluid from the formation 19 adjacent to the lateral bore 72 through the liner 79 and into the lateral bore 72 for production in the direction of arrow 75 to the surface through the primary bore 90.
  • a factor affecting the size of cavities 93 formed in the liner 79 along the conditioned bore section depends on the pressure imbalance between the pressure of the fluid residing in the formation 19 and the lower and underbalanced pressure in the lateral bore 72.
  • a slightly underbalanced pressure i.e., when the pressure within the lateral bore 72 is only slightly less than the pressure of the fluid residing in the formation 19 adjacent to the lateral bore 72
  • a slightly underbalanced pressure existing during the interval of time in which the liner 79 congeals will result in the formation of fewer cavities 93 in the liner 79 and an overall lower flow capacity of formation fluid across the congealed liner 79 and into the lateral bore 72.
  • the system and method of the present invention can provide for the customization of a borehole system to selectively drain portions of the borehole system adjacent to geologic formations with favorable fluid contents, such as hydrocarbons, and to selectively prevent the drainage of portions of the borehole system adjacent to geologic formations with unfavorable fluid contents, such as water.
  • working fluid refers to a fluid introduced into the borehole for the purpose of lubricating the borehole system to facilitate the smooth insertion, positioning and removal of the apparatus comprising the drill head, for the purpose of hydrostatically opposing or balancing formation pressure to minimize the potential for well control problems due to an unwanted and unexpected influx of formation fluids into the bore.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé pour conditionner une partie d'une paroi entourant une section de trou de forage forée dans une formation contenant un fluide de formation, lequel procédé met en œuvre l'injection locale d'un gaz pour déplacer un fluide de travail à partir d'une trajectoire de laser adjacente à une tête de forage, la fourniture d'une pression déséquilibrée à la partie de la section de trou de forage à conditionner, l'impact d'une lumière de laser sur la partie de la paroi à conditionner afin de faire fondre un élément du matériau de formation dans la partie de la paroi de forage à conditionner, et l'extraction d'un fluide à partir de la formation à travers l'élément en solidification du matériau afin de créer des passages d'écoulement de fluide de façon à faciliter l'écoulement de fluide à partir de la formation dans la section de trou de forage. Un gaz injecté peut être fourni à la tête de forage à travers un conduit à l'intérieur d'un ombilic qui comprend une pluralité de fibres optiques pour transmettre une lumière de laser à la tête de forage.
EP12726981.9A 2011-05-30 2012-05-26 Procédé de conditionnement d'une paroi d'une section de forage Withdrawn EP2737173A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU1100276A HU229944B1 (hu) 2011-05-30 2011-05-30 Eljárás anyagbeáramlás biztosítására egy fúrólyukba
PCT/US2012/039767 WO2012166677A2 (fr) 2011-05-30 2012-05-26 Procédé de conditionnement d'une paroi d'une section de forage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2737173A2 true EP2737173A2 (fr) 2014-06-04

Family

ID=89990298

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12726981.9A Withdrawn EP2737173A2 (fr) 2011-05-30 2012-05-26 Procédé de conditionnement d'une paroi d'une section de forage

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20140299375A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2737173A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN103764944A (fr)
AU (1) AU2012262391A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112013030934A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2837592A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA201301286A1 (fr)
HU (1) HU229944B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012166677A2 (fr)

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US11187068B2 (en) 2019-01-31 2021-11-30 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Downhole tools for controlled fracture initiation and stimulation
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US11280178B2 (en) 2020-03-25 2022-03-22 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Wellbore fluid level monitoring system
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US11414985B2 (en) 2020-05-28 2022-08-16 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Measuring wellbore cross-sections using downhole caliper tools
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Publication number Publication date
HUP1100276A2 (en) 2013-01-28
WO2012166677A3 (fr) 2013-06-27
CN103764944A (zh) 2014-04-30
CA2837592A1 (fr) 2012-12-06
EA201301286A1 (ru) 2014-05-30
US20140299375A1 (en) 2014-10-09
AU2012262391A1 (en) 2013-12-12
WO2012166677A2 (fr) 2012-12-06
HU229944B1 (hu) 2015-03-02
BR112013030934A2 (pt) 2016-12-06

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